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    Windows Server 2008 Interview Questions And Answers

    1. What are some of the new tools and features provided by Windows Server 2008?Windows Server 2008 now provides a desktop environment similar to Microsoft Windows Vista and includes toolsalso found in Vista, such as the new backup snap-in and the BitLocker drive encryption feature. Windows Server2008 also provides the new IIS7 web server and the Windows Deployment Service.

    2. What are the different editions of Windows Server 2008?The entry-level version of Windows Server 2008 is the Standard Edition. The Enterprise Edition provides aplatform for large enterprisewide networks. The Datacenter Edition provides support for unlimited Hyper-Vvirtualization and advanced clustering services. The Web Edition is a scaled-down version of Windows Server2008 intended for use as a dedicated web server. The Standard, Enterprise, and Datacenter Editions can bepurchased with or without the Hyper-V virtualization technology.

    3. What two hardware considerations should be an important part of the planning process for aWindows Server 2008 deployment?Any server on which you will install Windows Server 2008 should have at least the minimum hardwarerequirement for running the network operating system. Server hardware should also be on the Windows Server2008 Hardware Compatibility List to avoid the possibility of hardware and network operating systemincompatibility.

    4. What are the options for installing Windows Server 2008?You can install Windows Server 2008 on a server not currently configured with NOS, or you can upgrade existingservers running Windows 2000 Server and Windows Server 2003.

    5. How do you configure and manage a Windows Server 2008 core installation?This stripped-down version of Windows Server 2008 is managed from the command line.

    6. Which Control Panel tool enables you to automate the running of server utilities and otherapplications?The Task Scheduler enables you to schedule the launching of tools such as Windows Backup and DiskDefragmenter.

    7. What are some of the items that can be accessed via the System Properties dialog box?You can access virtual memory settings and the Device Manager via the System Properties dialog box.

    8. When a child domain is created in the domain tree, what type of trust relationship exists betweenthe new child domain and the trees root domain?Child domains and the root domain of a tree are assigned transitive trusts. This means that the root domain andchild domain trust each other and allow resources in any domain in the tree to be accessed by users in anydomain in the tree.

    9. What is the primary function of domain controllers?The primary function of domain controllers is to validate users to the network. However, domain controllers alsoprovide the catalog of Active Directory objects to users on the network.

    10. What are some of the other roles that a server running Windows Server 2008 could fill on thenetwork?A server running Windows Server 2008 can be configured as a domain controller, a file server, a print server, aweb server, or an application server. Windows servers can also have roles and features that provide servicessuch as DNS, DHCP, and Routing and Remote Access.

    11. Which Windows Server 2008 tools make it easy to manage and configure a servers roles andfeatures?The Server Manager window enables you to view the roles and features installed on a server and also to quicklyaccess the tools used to manage these various roles and features. The Server Manager can be used to add andremove roles and features as needed.

    12. What Windows Server 2008 service is used to install client operating systems over the network?Windows Deployment Services (WDS) enables you to install client and server operating systems over thenetwork to any computer with a PXE-enabled network interface.

    13. What domain services are necessary for you to deploy the Windows Deployment Services on yournetwork?Windows Deployment Services requires that a DHCP server and a DNS server be installed in the domain.

    14. How is WDS configured and managed on a server running Windows Server 2008?The Windows Deployment Services snap-in enables you to configure the WDS server and add boot and installimages to the server.

    15. What is the difference between a basic and dynamic drive in the Windows Server 2008

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  • Domain & ForestFunctional Levels

    SQL Failover Cluster

    environment?A basic disk embraces the MS-DOS disk structure; a basic disk can be divided into partitions (simple volumes).Dynamic disks consist of a single partition that can be divided into any number of volumes. Dynamic disks alsosupport Windows Server 2008 RAID implementations.

    16. What is RAID in Windows Server 2008?RAID, or Redundant Array of Independent Disks, is a strategy for building fault tolerance into your file servers.RAID enables you to combine one or more volumes on separate drives so that they are accessed by a singledrive letter. Windows Server 2008 enables you to configure RAID 0 (a striped set), RAID 1 (a mirror set), andRAID 5 (disk striping with parity).

    17. What conceptual model helps provide an understanding of how network protocol stacks such asTCP/IP work?The OSI model, consisting of the application, presentation, session, transport, network, data link, and physicallayers, helps describe how data is sent and received on the network by protocol stacks.

    18. What protocol stack is installed by default when you install Windows Server 2008 on a networkserver?TCP/IP (v4 and v6) is the default protocol for Windows Server 2008. It is required for Active Directoryimplementations and provides for connectivity on heterogeneous networks.

    19. How is a server running Windows Server 2008 configured as a domain controller, such as thedomain controller for the root domain or a child domain?Installing the Active Directory on a server running Windows Server 2008 provides you with the option of creatinga root domain for a domain tree or of creating child domains in an existing tree. Installing Active Directory on theserver makes the server a domain controller.

    20. What are some of the tools used to manage Active Directory objects in a Windows Server 2008domain?When the Active Directory is installed on a server (making it a domain controller), a set of Active Directorysnap-ins is provided. The Active Directory Users and Computers snap-in is used to manage Active Directoryobjects such as user accounts, computers, and groups. The Active Directory Domains and Trusts snap-in enablesyou to manage the trusts that are defined between domains. The Active Directory Sites and Services snap-inprovides for the management of domain sites and subnets.

    21. How are domain user accounts created and managed?The Active Directory Users and Computers snap-in provides the tools necessary for creating user accounts andmanaging account properties. Properties for user accounts include settings related to logon hours, the computersto which a user can log on, and the settings related to the user's password.

    22. What type of Active Directory objects can be contained in a group?A group can contain users, computers, contacts, and other nested groups.

    23. What type of group is not available in a domain that is running at the mixed-mode functionallevel?Universal groups are not available in a mixed-mode domain. The functional level must be raised to Windows2003 or Windows 2008 to make these groups available.

    24. What types of Active Directory objects can be contained in an Organizational Unit?Organizational Units can hold users, groups, computers, contacts, and other OUs. The Organizational Unitprovides you with a container directly below the domain level that enables you to refine the logical hierarchy ofhow your users and other resources are arranged in the Active Directory.

    25. What are Active Directory sites in Windows Server 2008?Active Directory sites are physical locations on the network's physical topology. Each regional domain that youcreate is assigned to a site. Sites typically represent one or more IP subnets that are connected by IP routers.Because sites are separated from each other by a router, the domain controllers on each site periodicallyreplicate the Active Directory to update the Global Catalog on each site segment.

    26. Can servers running Windows Server 2008 provide services to clients when they are not part of adomain?Servers running Windows Server 2008 can be configured to participate in a workgroup. The server can providesome services to the workgroup peers but does not provide the security and management tools provided todomain controllers.

    27. What does the use of Group Policy provide you as a network administrator?Group Policy provides a method of controlling user and computer configuration settings for Active Directorycontainers such as sites, domains, and OUs. GPOs are linked to a particular container, and then individualpolicies and administrative templates are enabled to control the environment for the users or computers withinthat particular container.

    28. What tools are involved in managing and deploying Group Policy?GPOs and their settings, links, and other information such as permissions can be viewed in the Group PolicyManagement snap-in.

    29. How do you deal with Group Policy inheritance issues?GPOs are inherited down through the Active Directory tree by default. You can block the inheritance of settingsfrom upline GPOs (for a particular container such as an OU or a local computer) by selecting Block Inheritancefor that particular object. If you want to enforce a higher-level GPO so that it overrides directly linked GPOs, youcan use the Enforce command on the inherited (or upline) GPO.

    30. How can you make sure that network clients have the most recent Windows updates installedand have other important security features such as the Windows Firewall enabled before they cangain full network access?You can configure a Network Policy Server (a service available in the Network Policy and Access Services role).The Network Policy Server can be configured to compare desktop client settings with health validators todetermine the level of network access afforded to the client.

    31. What is the purpose of deploying local DNS servers?A domain DNS server provides for the local mapping of fully qualified domain names to IP addresses. Because

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  • the DNS is a distributed database, the local DNS servers can provide record information to remote DNS serversto help resolve remote requests related to fully qualified domain names on your network.

    In terms of DNS, what is a caching-only server?A caching-only DNS server supplies information related to queries based on the data it contains in its DNS cache.Caching-only servers are often used as DNS forwarders. Because they are not configured with any zones, theydo not generate network traffic related to zone transfers.

    How the range of IP addresses is defined for a Windows Server 2008 DHCP server?The IP addresses supplied by the DHCP server are held in a scope. A scope that contains more than one subnetof IP addresses is called a superscope. IP addresses in a scope that you do not want to lease can be included inan exclusion range.

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    (Dec 9, 2013) Hidayath said:

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    Windows Server 2008 Editions, Features and System Requirements

    Before embarking on the installation of Windows Server 2008, it is important to first gain anunderstanding of the different editions available and the corresponding hardware requirements. It is

    also important to be aware of the upgrade options available with each edition. With this objective in

    mind, this chapter will focus on providing an overview of both the different Windows Server 2008editions and the recommended hardware requirements.

    1. Windows Server 2008 Standard Edition.

    2. Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Edition.3. Windows Server 2008 Datacenter Edition.

    4. Windows Web Server 2008.

    5. Windows Server 2008 for Itanium Based Systems.

    Windows Server 2008 Standard Edition

    Windows Server 2008 Standard is one of Microsoft's entry level server offerings (alongside WindowsWeb Server 2008) and is one of the least expensive of the various editions available. Both 32-bit and

    64-bit versions are available, and in terms of hardware Standard Edition supports up to 4GB of RAM

    and 4 processors.

    Windows Server 2008 is primarily targeted and small and mid-sized businesses (SMBs) and is ideal for

    providing domain, web, DNS, remote access, print, file and application services. Support for clustering,however, is notably absent from this edition.An upgrade path to Windows Server 2008 Standard is

    available from Windows 2000 Server and Windows Server 2003 Standard Edition.

    Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Edition

    Windows Server 2008 Enterprise Edition provides greater functionality and scalability than theStandard Edition. As with Standard Edition both 32-bit and 64-bit versions are available.

    Enhancements include support for as many as 8 processors and up to 64GB of RAM on 32-bit systems

    and 2TB of RAM on 64-bit systems.

    Additional features of the Enterprise edition include support for clusters of up to 8 nodes and Active

    Directory Federated Services (AD FS).Windows Server 2000, Windows 2000 Advanced Server, Windows Server 2003 Standard Edition and

    Windows Server 2003 Enterprise Edition may all be upgraded to Windows Server 2008 Enterprise

    Edition.

    Windows Server 2008 Datacenter Edition

    The Datacenter edition represents the top end of the Windows Server 2008 product range and istargeted at mission critical enterprises requiring stability and high uptime levels. Windows Server 2008

    Datacenter edition is tied closely to the underlying hardware through the implementation of customHardware Abstraction Layers (HAL). As such, it is currently only possible to obtain Datacenter edition

    as part of a hardware purchase.

    As with other versions, the Datacenter edition is available in 32-bit and 64-bit versions and supports

    64GB of RAM on 32-bit systems and up to 2TB of RAM on 64-bit systems. In addition, this edition

    supports a minimum of 8 processors up to a maximum of 64.Upgrade paths to Windows Server 2008 Datacenter Edition are available from the Datacenter editions

    of Windows 2000 and 2003.

    Windows Web Server 2008

    Windows Web Server 2008 is essentially a version of Windows Server 2008 designed primarily for thepurpose of providing web services. It includes Internet Information Services (IIS) 7.0 along with

    associated services such as Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) and Telnet. It is available in 32-bit

    and 64-bit versions and supports up to 4 processors. RAM is limited to 4GB and 32GB on 32-bit and64-bit systems respectively.

    Windows Web Server 2008 lacks many of the features present in other editions such as clustering,

    BitLocker drive encryption, multipath I/O, Windows Internet Naming Service (WINS), RemovableStorage Management and SAN Management.

    Features

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  • Now that we have covered in general terms the various different editions of Windows Server 2008 we

    can now look in a little more detail at a feature by feature comparison of the four different editions.

    This is outlined in the following feature matrix:

    FeatureEnterpriseDatacenterStandardWebItanium

    ADFS Web Agent Yes Yes Yes No No

    Directory uIDM Yes Yes Yes No No

    Desktop Experience Yes Yes Yes Yes No

    Windows Clustering Yes Yes No No Yes

    Windows Server Backup Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

    Windows Network Load Balancing (WNLB) Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

    Simple TCP/IP Services Yes Yes Yes No Yes

    SMTP Yes Yes Yes Yes No

    Subsystem for Unix-Based Applications (SUA) Yes Yes Yes No Yes

    Telnet Client Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

    Telnet Server Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

    Microsoft Message Queuing (MSMQ) Yes Yes Yes No Yes

    RPC Over HTTP Proxy Yes Yes Yes No Yes

    Windows Internet Naming Service (WINS) Yes Yes Yes No No

    Wireless Client Yes Yes Yes No No

    Windows System Resource Manager (WSRM) Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

    Simple SAN Management Yes Yes Yes No No

    LPR Port Monitor Yes Yes Yes No No

    The Windows Foundation Components for WinFXYes Yes Yes Yes Yes

    BITS Server Extensions Yes Yes Yes No Yes

    iSNS Server Service Yes Yes Yes Yes No

    BitLocker Drive Encryption Yes Yes Yes No Yes

    Multipath IO Yes Yes Yes No Yes

    Removable Storage Management Yes Yes Yes No Yes

    TFTP Yes Yes Yes No Yes

    SNMP Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

    Server Admin Pack Yes Yes Yes Yes No

    RDC Yes Yes Yes No Yes

    Peer-to-Peer Name Resolution Protocol Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

    Recovery Disk Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

    Windows PowerShell Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

    System Requirements

    Before investing time and resources into downloading and installing Windows Server 2008, the firststep is to gain an appreciation of the hardware requirements necessary to effectively run the

    operating system. The following table provides an overview of Microsoft's recommended minimum

    hardware:

    CategoryMinimum / Recommended Requirements

    Processor Minimum: 1GHz (x86 processor) or 1.4GHz (x64 processor) Recommended: 2GHz or fasterNote: For Itanium based systems an Intel Itanium 2 processor is required.

    Memory Minimum: 512MB RAM Recommended: 2GB RAM or greater Maximum (32-bit systems): 4GB (Standard) or 64GB (Enterprise and Datacenter) Maximum (64-bit systems): 32GB (Standard) or 2TB (Enterprise, Datacenter andItanium-Based Systems)

    Available DiskSpace

    Minimum: 10GB Recommended: 40GB or greaterNote: Systems with RAM in excess of 16GB will require greater amounts of disk space toaccommodate paging, hibernation, and dump files

    Drive DVD-ROM drive

    Display andPeripherals

    Super VGA or greater-resolution monitor (800x600) Keyboard Microsoft Mouse or compatible pointing device

    As with the specified system requirements for all Windows systems it is best to aim forthe Recommended values rather than the Minimumvalues to ensure acceptable levels of performance.

    For example, whilst it is possible to run Windows Server 2008 in 512Mb of RAM it is unlikely that

    performance levels will be optimal with such a configuration.

    Windows Server 2008 KB Articles Windows Server 2003 KB Articles

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    (June 10, 2014) victor said:

    very use full and easy to study

    (Dec 3, 2013) Anonymous said:

    Thank u

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    Windows Server 2008 R2 new features

    Powershell Cmdlets:-

    They replace the current Active Directory command line tools. There are about 85 Active Directory-related PowerShell cmdlets.

    Active Directory Administrative Center:-The Active Directory Administrative Center is a new task-oriented user interface for the Active

    Directory Services. You can perform similar tasks as with the Active Directory Users and Computersconsole (ADUC). It is based on the new PowerShell cmdlets and displays the PowerShell commands

    that correspond to the tasks performed with the GUI.

    Recycle Bin:-

    Accidently deleted Active Directory objects can be restored from the Recycle Bin. (Requires R2

    functional level)

    Offline Domain Join:-

    Admins can automate the joining of a Windows 7 machine to a domain during deployment with an XML

    file. The target computer can be offline during the deployment process. The tool that is used to jointhe domain is djoin.exe.

    Managed Service Accounts:-

    Authentication Assurance provides an authentication mechanism that allows administrators to map

    specific certificates to security groups using certificate policies. Users logged on with a smart card, USBtoken, or some other type of certificate logon method can be distinguished in this way. This feature

    can be used to grant external users access to corporate resources using Active Directory Federated

    Services. (Requires R2 functional level).

    With Windows Server 2008, Microsoft introduced the most important changes regarding

    administration. The role model and the new Server Manager were the main changes. Also in Windows

    Server 2008, R2 componentization is a bit more fine-grained and Server Manager supports remoteadministration. Other highlights are the new power management features, the PowerShell support for

    Server Core, and DHCP Failover.

    Management tools:-

    1.Server Manager now supports remote administration of servers 2.Better integration of management consoles in Server Manager

    3.Active Directory Administrative Center and IIS have a task-driven user interface and their

    administrative capabilities are based on PowerShell cmdlets.4.Hyper-Vs user interface is also based on PowerShell cmdlets, has updated VM performance and

    management capabilities, and tighter integration with Virtual Machine Manager 5.Best Practices Analyzer (BPA): Each server role has a BPA to help administrators configure it

    properly .

    PowerShell 2.0:-

    Windows Server 2008 R2 will be delivered with PowerShell 2.0. I believe the main features are:

    1.PowerShell remoting: Run scripts against remote computers

    2.Constrained Runspaces: Restrict execution of commands, scripts, and language elements

    3.Graphical PowerShell: GUI for creating and debugging PowerShell scripts

    4.Server Core supports .NET and PowerShell .

    IP Configuration:-

    1.DHCP Failover: Allows you to work with a primary and a secondary DHCP server. If the primaryDHCP server fails, the secondary will take over. Windows Server 2008 R2 supports the DHCP Failover

    Protocol, which is an Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) draft. 2.WINS Failover: Works similar to the DHCP failover

    3.DNS Security Extensions (DNSSEC): DNS servers and DNS clients can verify the authenticity of a

    DNS record using public key cryptography. This method can prevent the interception of DNS queries.

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  • Power management:-

    1.Core Parking: Suspends inactive processor cores and activates them again when necessary.

    2.ACPI P-States: Allows you to configure the performance states (ACPI specification) of individual processors via Group Policy. Lower performance means lower power consumption. Intel calls this

    feature SpeedStep and AMD PowerNow! or Cooln'Quiet. 3.Boot from SAN: Windows Server 2008 R2 supports the ability to boot-up from a SAN (Storage Area

    Network). Thus, the server doesnt require a local hard disk, which reduces the overall number of

    disks in the data center, thereby lowering power consumption. SANs require less power than local harddisks with the same storage capacity.

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    Physical memory limits for Windows Server 2008 R2

    Windows Server 2008 R2 operating system comes only in 64 bit version. There are seven versions of

    Windows server 2008 R2. The physical memory limits for these versions vary from 8 GB to 2 TB. Thephysical memory limits for these seven versions of Windows Server 2008 R2 operating systems is

    listed below.

    Windows Server 2008 R2 Datacenter -- 2 TB

    Windows Server 2008 R2 enterprise -- 2 TB

    Windows Server 2008 for Itanium-Based Systems -- 2 TB

    Windows Server 2008 R2 Foundation -- 8 GB

    Windows Server 2008 R2 Standard -- 32 GB

    Windows HPC Server 2008 R2 -- 128 GB

    Windows Web Server 2008 R2 -- 32 GB

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