Windows 2000 Web and Windows 2000 Web and Application Application ServicesServices

CIS 485CIS 485

Tsungfan ChouTsungfan Chou

Presentation Overview

IntroductionIntroduction

Internet information services (IIS)Internet information services (IIS)

The component object model and COM+

Transaction service

Message queuing with MSMQ

Data access technology

Conclusion

IntroductionIntroduction

The Windows 2000 operating system platform has become a The Windows 2000 operating system platform has become a standard foundation for building and deploying software standard foundation for building and deploying software applications. Its broad programming language support, large third-applications. Its broad programming language support, large third-party developer community, and cost efficiency have helped make party developer community, and cost efficiency have helped make Windows the mainstream business operating system and Windows the mainstream business operating system and application server platform. application server platform.

From Web sites to high-volume transactional applications, Windows From Web sites to high-volume transactional applications, Windows 2000 delivers the productivity benefits of component-based 2000 delivers the productivity benefits of component-based development and takes advantage of industry standards for greater development and takes advantage of industry standards for greater interoperability, flexibility, and tools support. These application interoperability, flexibility, and tools support. These application services are tightly integrated into the operating system to deliver services are tightly integrated into the operating system to deliver the reliability and manageability that the most demanding traditional the reliability and manageability that the most demanding traditional and Web-enabled applications require.and Web-enabled applications require.

Internet information services Internet information services (IIS)(IIS)

HTTP 1.1HTTP 1.1

Secure Sockets LayerSecure Sockets Layer

Common Gateway Interface (CGI)Common Gateway Interface (CGI)

Web Distributed Authoring Versioning Web Distributed Authoring Versioning (WebDAV)(WebDAV)

HTTP 1.1(HTTP 1.1(Hypertext Transfer ProtocolHypertext Transfer Protocol))

HTTP 1.1, that promises to bring Web pages a little HTTP 1.1, that promises to bring Web pages a little faster to your browser and reduce some of the Web's faster to your browser and reduce some of the Web's enormous traffic. Developed by a committee of the enormous traffic. Developed by a committee of the Internet Engineering Task Force (Internet Engineering Task Force (IETFIETF) that includes the ) that includes the Web's chief creator Tim Berners-Lee, HTTP 1.1 exists as Web's chief creator Tim Berners-Lee, HTTP 1.1 exists as a "proposal," but in fact, most major Web servers and a "proposal," but in fact, most major Web servers and browser clients are at some stage of supporting it. browser clients are at some stage of supporting it.

Secure Sockets LayerSecure Sockets Layer

The Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) is a commonly-used The Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) is a commonly-used protocolprotocol for for managing the security of a message transmission on the Internet. managing the security of a message transmission on the Internet. SSL has recently been succeeded by Transport Layer Security (SSL has recently been succeeded by Transport Layer Security (TLSTLS), which is based on SSL. SSL uses a program ), which is based on SSL. SSL uses a program layerlayer located located between the Internet's Hypertext Transfer Protocol (between the Internet's Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTPHTTP) and ) and Transport Control Protocol (Transport Control Protocol (TCPTCP) layers. SSL is included as part of ) layers. SSL is included as part of both the Microsoft and Netscape browsers and most Web server both the Microsoft and Netscape browsers and most Web server products. Developed by Netscape, SSL also gained the support of products. Developed by Netscape, SSL also gained the support of Microsoft and other Internet Microsoft and other Internet client/serverclient/server developers as well and developers as well and became the de facto standard until evolving into Transport Layer became the de facto standard until evolving into Transport Layer Security. The "sockets" part of the term refers to the Security. The "sockets" part of the term refers to the socketssockets method method of passing data back and forth between a client and a server of passing data back and forth between a client and a server program in a network or between program layers in the same program in a network or between program layers in the same computer. SSL uses the public-and-private key computer. SSL uses the public-and-private key encryptionencryption system system from from RSARSA, which also includes the use of a , which also includes the use of a digital certificatedigital certificate. .

Common Gateway Interface (CGI)Common Gateway Interface (CGI)

The common gateway interface (CGI) is a standard way The common gateway interface (CGI) is a standard way for a Web server to pass a Web user's request to an for a Web server to pass a Web user's request to an application program and to receive data back to forward application program and to receive data back to forward to the user. When the user requests a Web page (for to the user. When the user requests a Web page (for example, by clicking on a highlighted word or entering a example, by clicking on a highlighted word or entering a Web site address), the server sends back the requested Web site address), the server sends back the requested page. However, when a user fills out a form on a Web page. However, when a user fills out a form on a Web page and sends it in, it usually needs to be processed by page and sends it in, it usually needs to be processed by an application program. The Web server typically passes an application program. The Web server typically passes the form information to a small application program that the form information to a small application program that processes the data and may send back a confirmation processes the data and may send back a confirmation message. This method or convention for passing data message. This method or convention for passing data back and forth between the server and the application is back and forth between the server and the application is called the common gateway interface (CGI). It is part of called the common gateway interface (CGI). It is part of the Web's Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP). the Web's Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP).

Web Distributed Authoring Web Distributed Authoring VersioningVersioning

WebDAV (World Wide Web Distributed Authoring and Versioning) is the WebDAV (World Wide Web Distributed Authoring and Versioning) is the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) standard for collaborative authoring Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) standard for collaborative authoring on the Web: a set of extensions to the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) on the Web: a set of extensions to the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) that facilitates collaborative editing and file management between users that facilitates collaborative editing and file management between users located remotely from each other on the Internet. WebDAV is expected to located remotely from each other on the Internet. WebDAV is expected to have an impact on the development of virtual enterprises, by enabling have an impact on the development of virtual enterprises, by enabling remote groups to work together in new ways. For example, WebDAV-remote groups to work together in new ways. For example, WebDAV-conforming tools could be used by a virtual organization to develop conforming tools could be used by a virtual organization to develop business plans, create software, or write libraries of information. The business plans, create software, or write libraries of information. The WebDAV work group is part of the applications section of the World Wide WebDAV work group is part of the applications section of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C); their charter states its goal as to "define the HTTP Web Consortium (W3C); their charter states its goal as to "define the HTTP extensions necessary to enable distributed Web authoring tools to be extensions necessary to enable distributed Web authoring tools to be broadly interoperable, while supporting user needs." WebDAV is expected broadly interoperable, while supporting user needs." WebDAV is expected to fulfill early expectations of the Web's collaborative potential, by adding to fulfill early expectations of the Web's collaborative potential, by adding writewrite access to the access to the readread access afforded by HTTP. WebDAV will enable access afforded by HTTP. WebDAV will enable users to collaborate over the Web in the same way as they might over a users to collaborate over the Web in the same way as they might over a corporate intranet. corporate intranet.

The component object model and COM+

How COM work ?How COM work ?

The major features COM+ introduces are: The major features COM+ introduces are:

- integrated Transactions- integrated Transactions

- Object Pooling- Object Pooling

- Queued Components- Queued Components

- COM+ Events- COM+ Events

How COM work ?How COM work ?

Custom er Inform ation

Product Inform ation

Credit Inform ation

Shipping Inform ation

The major features COM+ The major features COM+ introduces are:introduces are:

- integrated Transactions- integrated Transactions

- Object Pooling- Object Pooling

- Queued Components- Queued Components

- COM+ Events- COM+ Events

integrated Transactionsintegrated Transactions

The major transaction service features within The major transaction service features within COM+ include:COM+ include:

-Automatic transactions -Automatic transactions

-Configurable security -Configurable security

-Database connection pooling -Database connection pooling

-Support for multiple databases and resource managers -Support for multiple databases and resource managers

-Automatic thread support -Automatic thread support

-Process isolation through packages -Process isolation through packages

-Integration with mainframe transactions -Integration with mainframe transactions

-A broad range of development tools -A broad range of development tools

Object poolingObject pooling

Object pooling is an automatic service provided Object pooling is an automatic service provided by COM+ that lets application developers by COM+ that lets application developers configure a component so that instances of it are configure a component so that instances of it are kept active in a pool, ready to be used by any kept active in a pool, ready to be used by any client that requests the component. Developers client that requests the component. Developers can administratively configure and monitor the can administratively configure and monitor the pool maintained for a given component, pool maintained for a given component, specifying characteristics such as pool size and specifying characteristics such as pool size and creation request timeout values. Once the creation request timeout values. Once the application is running, COM+ manages the pool, application is running, COM+ manages the pool, handling the details of object activation and handling the details of object activation and reuse according to pre-specified criteria.reuse according to pre-specified criteria.

Queued ComponentsQueued Components

The Queued Components feature takes The Queued Components feature takes advantage of Microsoft Message Queuing advantage of Microsoft Message Queuing Services (MSMQ) to let server components Services (MSMQ) to let server components logically participate in transactions while logically participate in transactions while unavailable or offline. This allows standard COM unavailable or offline. This allows standard COM components to use MSMQ to deliver components to use MSMQ to deliver asynchronous capabilities. While developers can asynchronous capabilities. While developers can use MSMQ to write applications that use the use MSMQ to write applications that use the capabilities provided by queued components, capabilities provided by queued components, such development is relatively labor-intensive. such development is relatively labor-intensive. Programming with queued components is much Programming with queued components is much faster, and does not require the developer to faster, and does not require the developer to learn new techniques.learn new techniques.

COM+ EventsCOM+ Events

COM+ Events is a programming tool that COM+ Events is a programming tool that lets application developers write lets application developers write application code (called publishers) that application code (called publishers) that can notify client-side application code can notify client-side application code (called subscribers) when a particular (called subscribers) when a particular event happens. For example, COM+ event happens. For example, COM+ Events can be helpful to developers using Events can be helpful to developers using queued components to help guarantee queued components to help guarantee delivery of queued tasks.delivery of queued tasks.

Transaction service

How transaction services work ?How transaction services work ?

Data

Custom er Inform ation

Product Inform ation

Credit Inform ation

Shipping Inform ationW eb Server

Shipping Server

Credit ProcessingServer

ProductInventory Server

Custom erInform ation Server

C lient

OrderForm

Message queuing with MSMQ

How MSMQ Works ?How MSMQ Works ?

Data

Custom er Inform ation

Product Inform ation

Credit Inform ation

Shipping Inform ationW eb Server

Shipping Server

Credit P rocessingServer

ProductInventory Server

Custom erInform ation Server

Requestand

ResponseQueues

Client

OrderForm

MSMQMSMQ FeaturesFeatures

COM-based accessCOM-based accessIntegration with transactions Integration with transactions Automatic message journaling Automatic message journaling Automatic notification Automatic notification Built-in data integrity, data privacy, and digital signature Built-in data integrity, data privacy, and digital signature services services Message priority support Message priority support Simplified application integration Simplified application integration Network protocol independence Network protocol independence

Data access technology

ODBCODBC

OLE_DBOLE_DB

Active Data ObjectsActive Data Objects

RDSRDS

CDOCDO

ODBCODBC

ODBC is the most widely used interface ODBC is the most widely used interface for accessing structured data. ODBC lets for accessing structured data. ODBC lets applications developers easily access data applications developers easily access data in over 50 different databases including in over 50 different databases including Microsoft SQL Server, Oracle, Sybase, Microsoft SQL Server, Oracle, Sybase, Informix, DB2, and many others. Informix, DB2, and many others.

OLE DBOLE DB

OLE DB is the Microsoft low-level interface OLE DB is the Microsoft low-level interface to data across the organization. OLE DB is to data across the organization. OLE DB is an open specification designed to build on an open specification designed to build on the success of ODBC by providing an the success of ODBC by providing an open standard for accessing all kinds of open standard for accessing all kinds of data. data.

Active Data ObjectsActive Data Objects

. Active Data Objects are a language-. Active Data Objects are a language-neutral object model, which expose data neutral object model, which expose data raised by an underlying OLE DB Provider. raised by an underlying OLE DB Provider. The most commonly used OLE DB The most commonly used OLE DB Provider is the OLE DB Provider for ODBC Provider is the OLE DB Provider for ODBC Drivers, which exposes ODBC Data Drivers, which exposes ODBC Data sources to ActiveX Data Objects. sources to ActiveX Data Objects.

RDSRDS

. Remote Data Service is used to transport . Remote Data Service is used to transport Active Data Object Recordsets from a Active Data Object Recordsets from a server to a client computer. The resulting server to a client computer. The resulting recordset is cached on the client computer recordset is cached on the client computer and disconnected from the server. RDS and disconnected from the server. RDS uses a subset of the ActiveX Data Objects uses a subset of the ActiveX Data Objects model, the ADOR.Recordset, to provide a model, the ADOR.Recordset, to provide a low-overhead, high-performance way to low-overhead, high-performance way to marshal recordset data over a network or marshal recordset data over a network or web.web.

CDOCDO

Collaboration Data Objects are a set of Collaboration Data Objects are a set of COM objects that provide access to data COM objects that provide access to data stored in Exchange. stored in Exchange.

conclusionconclusionThe application services in Windows 2000 are the result of years of refinement to The application services in Windows 2000 are the result of years of refinement to meet the requirements of developers who are writing increasingly sophisticated meet the requirements of developers who are writing increasingly sophisticated distributed applications. These services have evolved from addressing stand-alone distributed applications. These services have evolved from addressing stand-alone personal computers in the early 1990s to supporting today’s diverse distributed personal computers in the early 1990s to supporting today’s diverse distributed networks with multiple servers and large numbers of clients.networks with multiple servers and large numbers of clients.IIS 5.0 provides the Web access essential to many new applications. The IIS 5.0 Web IIS 5.0 provides the Web access essential to many new applications. The IIS 5.0 Web server works hand in hand with the component-based application services in server works hand in hand with the component-based application services in Windows 2000. Windows 2000. At the heart of the Windows 2000 application services is the Microsoft Component At the heart of the Windows 2000 application services is the Microsoft Component Object Model (COM). The COM technologies provide a mature foundation for Object Model (COM). The COM technologies provide a mature foundation for component-based development, and the majority of Windows-based application use component-based development, and the majority of Windows-based application use COM in some way. With its integrated services and its development tool support from COM in some way. With its integrated services and its development tool support from Microsoft and others, COM is a popular foundation for building distributed Microsoft and others, COM is a popular foundation for building distributed applications.applications.Windows 2000 introduces COM+, which fully integrates transaction services to make Windows 2000 introduces COM+, which fully integrates transaction services to make it easier for developers to write sophisticated, component-based, Internet-enabled it easier for developers to write sophisticated, component-based, Internet-enabled distributed applications. COM+ also provides queued components and event distributed applications. COM+ also provides queued components and event services. These features make it easier to write applications that both allow for services. These features make it easier to write applications that both allow for routine pauses in business processes and can publish information about activities routine pauses in business processes and can publish information about activities that can be used by other applications.that can be used by other applications.