WIND-SOLAR-FUEL CELL HYBRID SYSTEM

INTRODUCTIONOVERVIEWFUEL CELL TECHNOLOGYPV MODULE SELECTIONWIND TURBINE SELECTIONSYSTEM DESIGNELECTRICAL EFFICIENCY OF VARIOUS SYSTEM INNOVATIONS FOR FUTURE

INTRODUCTION:

WHAT IS A HYBRID SYSTEM?

Integration of two or more renewable energy source (In this case) to form a more reliable system is called a hybrid system

WHY SHOULD WE USE A HYBRID SYSTEM?

One drawback with renewable energy sources is their variability

To mitigate this problem we use a hybrid system

WHEN WILL IT BE EFFECTIVE?

Solar energy will contribute the daytime running of the load and charging of storage device during day.

Wind will contribute its energy during its flow time to the load.

WHICH IS THE BEST HYBRID AT THIS MOMENT?

Solar energy is the only source of energy that is available almost everyday.

Wind is the second most abundant source. Hence a solar-wind hybrid system would be the

most effective system

WHERE WILL IT BE EFFECTIVE?

The place of installation must have abundant solar insolation.

The place must have high wind flow rate which must be fairly predictable.

HOW CAN YOU STORE THE ENERGY?

Traditionally batteries are used for storage. Recent innovations in this field led to the

highly efficient fuel cell technology.

Performance of Energy Storage Systems

Fuel Energy density Wh/kg

Gasoline 12,300

Natural gas 9,300

Hydrogen 33,000

Lead-acid battery 30

Advanced Lead Acid 48

OVERVIEW

The objective of this project is to integrate these efficient systems into a single hybrid system for a better energy generation and storage for a 1kW load.

The power generated from wind is the primary contributor with 1kW. In case of deficit, power from PV module is used for compensating the additional requirement.

FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGY

The type of fuel cell technology designed to be used in this project is a PEM (Proton Exchange Membrane) stack.

The fuel cell is designed for a capacity of 1 kW.

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS:

CONTENT SPECIFICATION

Number of cells 48

Rated power 1000 W

Performance 28.8V @ 35A

Required Voltage 12V @ 8A

Reactants H2 and Air

Max stack temperature 65˚C

H2 pressure 0.45-0.55 bar

Cooling Air

Flow rate at max output 13 L/min

Efficiency 40% at ambient temperature

Low voltage shutdown 24V

Over current shutdown 42A

Over temperature shutdown

65˚C

Cost 16 lakhs approx.

WOOD

COAL OIL

NATURAL

GAS

HYDROGEN

H2 CONTENT

H2 CONTENT

PV MODULE SELECTION

six poly-crystalline panel with a rated power of 250Wp are chosen.

The total power generation from the panels is 1.5kW.

SYSTEM SPECIFICATION

CONTENT SPECIFICATION

Manufacturer Trina solar

Rated power 250Wp

Type Poly-crystalline

Voc 37.8V

Isc 8.90A

Vmpp 30.5V

Impp 8.20A

No. Of cells 60

Efficiency 15.3%

Cost 12,000 approx

WIND TURBINE SELECTION

We are using a Vertical Axis Wind Turbine. No sharp blades that may cause accidents

and injuries. No need for a special component for facing

the turbine opposite to wind flow. The start-up speed of a VAWT is low.

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS:

OBJECTS SPECIFICATIONS

Manufacturer Elsonic India Group

Rated power 1.2kWp

Output Voltage 220VAC

Type VAWT

No. Of blades 5

Rated wind speed 9-11 m/s

Start-up wind speed 3 m/s

Working wind speed 3-25 m/s

Survival wind speed 50m/s

Cost 1.4 lakhs

EXISTING HYBRID SYSTEM MODEL

SYSTEM DESIGN FOR THIS PROJECT

PV 1.5KW FUEL CELL 1KW

BATTERY ELECTROLYZER

-VE BUS

+VE BUS (12VDC)

CHARGE CONTROLER

CHARGE CONTROLER

4XCURRENT SENSORS

VOLTAGE SENSOR

1 2 3 54

6 7

CHARGE CONTROLER

INVERTER 1.5KVA LOAD 1KW

1 – H2 SOLENOID VALVE

2 – PURGE VALVE

4 – FC COOLANT FAN

3 – H2 SATURATOR

7 – FC COOLANT PUMP

5 – H2 DETECTOR

6 – FC AIR PUMP

120VAC

WIND TURBINE

1KW

PV SYSTEM AND FUEL CELL INTEGRATION

ELECTRICAL EFFICIANCY OF VARIOUS SYSTEM

INNOVATIONS FOR FUTURE

There are great innovations in the field of wind, solar and fuel cell energy system.

In wind energy the piezoelectric effect can be brought in and flutter turbines that can be installed in domestic places can be made.

The efficiency of the PV module used can be increased with multi-junction cells, which at this point is very costly but will play a major role in the future.

Photo electrochemical cell can be integrated with the fuel cell for better energy conversion through direct conversion of light energy into chemical energy.

THE END – THANK YOU