Wind-Induced Vibration Control for High-rise Buildings

0

2009 건설기술 한마당2009 건설기술

한마당

Wind-Induced Vibration Control for High-rise Buildings

Ji-Seong Jo, Researcher, R&D Center, POSCO E&CHyun-Bae Kim, Senior Vice President, R&D Center, POSCO E&CJong-In Lee, Researcher, R&D Center, Group Leader

2009.07.10

발표자

프레젠테이션 노트

Thank you chairman. Good afternoon ladies and gentleman. My name is ji-seong Jo at POSCO E&C. The title of my presentation is Wind-Induced Vibration Control for High-rise Steel Buildings

1

2009 건설기술 한마당

R&D센터 비전 및 조직현황

2009년 주요연구과제 현황

Introduction

Wind Tunnel Test

Mitigation of Vibrations of Tall Buildings

Recent Applications

Comments

CONTENTS

발표자


I will present in the following sequence. Introduction Wind Tunnel Test Controller Design Comments

2

2009 건설기술 한마당R&D센터 비전 및 조직현황

1. 비전

회사

성장

및

가치향상에

기여하는

Global Technology Leader회사

성장

및

가치향상에

기여하는

Global Technology Leader비 전

전 략전 략 미래성장사업핵심기술

선점

미래성장사업핵심기술

선점Global

연구역량

확충

Global연구역량

확충고효율

연구인프라

구축

고효율

연구인프라

구축

목 표 철강플랜트

기술

세계

1위, 건설기술

국내

1위

실현철강플랜트

기술

세계

1위, 건설기술

국내

1위

실현

-FINEX, 장대교량, 초고층,

신재생에너지

등

핵심기술

개발

-프로젝트

생산성

향상

및

원가절감

-

고급

기술인력

육성/확보

- 글로벌

Network 구축

- R&D 연구역량

강화

-

사업전략을

선도하는

기술발전

추진

- 연구, 기술정보, 현장지원의

고도화

- 첨단

연구시설의

체계적

구축

R&D센터

기술기획그룹

기술연구소

토목연구그룹 건축연구그룹 플랜트연구그룹 녹색환경연구그룹

구분 기술기획기술연구소

소계 합계토목 건축 플랜트 녹색환경

인원 11명 9명 9명 9명 12명 39명 50명

2. 조직현황

3


2009년

주요연구과제 현황

구 분 기술

명 비 고

플랜트

• 고로

Vent Gas Compressor 대체기술

개발

• FINEX 환원로

Scale-Up 설계기술

• 터빈

계통설계

계산서

전산화

• 수재설비

증기응축시스템

기술개발

• FINEX 환원로 환원반응 및 열 특성 해석모델

개발

• 태양광발전의

계통연계

최적

운전기준

정립

• 풍력발전

단지개발을

위한

풍황분석

및

발전량

산출

토목

• 경전철시스템

종합

시뮬레이션

개발

• 경량전철

건설공정

및

시공절차

표준화

• 교량의

스마트

제진시스템

기술개발

• 일체

긴장시스템을

이용한

PSC교량

구조개발

건축

• 초고층

냉방에너지

절감형

외피/평면

개발

• SMART Security System

• 초고층

건물

풍진동

모니터링

시스템

구축

• 공동주택

세대간

고차음

건식벽체

개발

• 초고강도

콘크리트용

자기수축저감

기술개발

• 해안구조물용

고내구성

콘크리트의

현장적용시스템

개발

4

2009 건설기술 한마당Introduction

Dynamic Load(1)

Dynamic Load(2)

Dynamic Loads ⇒ Induce Vibration of the Building

Wind & Structure

발표자


The POSCO E&C Headquarter Building is under construction at song-do in In-Cheon City.

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2009 건설기술 한마당Introduction

Across Wind Vibration Occurs칠레

Alejandro Selkirk Island(Robinson Crusoe Island) 위성

구름

사진(1998)

섬

지름: 1.5 km섬

높이: 1.6 km

Vortex Shedding은 일정한 주기로 발생

If Vortex frequency ≅Natural frequency of the Building

⇒ Resonance

Wind

Vortex Shedding & Building

6

2009 건설기술 한마당IntroductionProblems of Wind Induced Vibration

구토, 어지러움, 현기증 ?

7


Wind Tunnel Test Wind Tunnel Test

To Estimate Wind Induced VibrationScaled Model Using Similarity Principle(≈

1/400 for 40 ~ 70 story)

Rotating Model Tables from 0O to 360O

Considering Construction Stage

Configuration1 : 2010 Configuration2 : 2014

발표자


To check the serviceability of the building, wind tunnel test was carried for two cases by BLWTL, the famous Canadian lab. In two thousand ten, a few buildings will be completed, and In two thousand fourteen, most of planned buildings will be completed. Habitability of the building was checked using Japanese AIJ two thousand four code. Test results show that at the top story of the building, estimated accelerations exceed the code limit.

8


Criteria for Habitability : Top Story Acceleration

ISO6897 Guideline (1984)

Wind Tunnel Test

9


국내외

사용성

평가

기준

적용

사례

요약

프로젝트 NO 규 모 용 도 구조

시스템 사용성

평가기준

송도

아시아

타워 1 지하4층, 지상65층 업무시설 RC core + Outrigger + Mega Column NBCC

Lotte

Super Tower 2 지하4층, 지상112층 업무시설 RC core + Steel Diagrid ISO 6897

SK 을지로

빌딩 3 지하6층, 지상33층 업무시설 RC core NBCC

동부

금융센터 4 지하7층, 지상35층 업무시설 철골연성

모멘트

골조

+ 가새골조 ISO 6897

I-PARK 삼성동 5 지하3층, 지상46층 주거시설 RC core ISO 6897

타워팰리스

I 6 지상66층 주거시설 Outrigger Belt Truss NBCC

타워팰리스

II 7 지하6층, 지상57층 주거시설 Outrigger Belt Truss NBCC & ISO 6897

메리츠

화재

강남사옥 8 지하6층, 지상30층 업무시설 가새골조 ISO6897

부산

해운대

하이페리온 9 지상42층 주거시설 RC core NBCC

여의도

메리어트 10 지하5층, 지상34층 호텔 RC core ISO6897

Land Mark Building in DMC 11 지하7층, 지상120층 업무시설 RC core + Outrigger NBCC

IT Complex 13 지상22층 업무시설 RC core ISO 6897

부산해운대

센텀오피스텔 - 지상38층 업무시설 RC core ISO 6897

마포구

주상복합(오피스) - 지상40층 업무시설 RC core ISO 6897

남산트라펠리스(오피스) 12 지상28층 업무시설 RC core ISO 6897

서울

동자동

주상복합(오피스) - 지상30층 업무시설 RC core ISO 6897

송도국제

업무단지 - 지상35층 업무시설 RC core ISO 6897

Burj

Dubai 14 지상160층 업무,호텔,주거 RC core + Outrigger + Mega Brace ISO 6897

Taipei 101 15 지하5층, 지상106층 업무시설 Mega Column + Outrigger ISO6 897

Jin Mao Building 16 지상88층 업무시설, 호텔 Mega Column + Outrigger NBCC

Cheung Kong Center 17 지상62층 업무시설 RC core + Outrigger Belt Truss NBCC

North East Tower 18 지상90층 업무시설 Mega Column + Outrigger Belt Truss NBCC & ISO 6897

송도

125BL 주상복합 19 지상64층 주거시설 RC Core + RC Outrigger Belt Truss AIJ

Wind Tunnel Test

10

2009 건설기술 한마당Mitigation of Vibrations of Tall Buildings

[B.J. Vickery, N. Isyumove & A.G. Davenport, “The Role of Damping, Mass and Stiffness in the Reduction of Wind Effects on Structures”, 5th Colloquium, Germany, Jun 14-16, 1982]

Acceleration v.s. Mass(M), Stiffness(K) and Damping(ζ)

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2009 건설기술 한마당Mitigation of Vibrations of Tall Buildings

Reducing Wind Effects : Aero Dynamic Shape

Tapered, Twisted, Tilted

12


degree 230

1.E-05

1.E-04

1.E-03

1.E-02

1.E-02 1.E-01 1.E+00uB/UH

nSf(n)/(qHBH)2

upwind buildings

no upwind buildings

R=5

진동수(f)증가

풍하중감

소

<Tower Palace 1><Tower Palace 1> <Taipei 101, Taiwan><Taipei 101, Taiwan>

Mitigation of Vibrations of Tall Buildings

Increasing Stiffness : Structural Systems

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Direct damping increaseDirect damping increaseViscoelasticViscoelastic DamperDamperViscous Fluid DamperViscous Fluid DamperYield Device (Metallic Damper)Yield Device (Metallic Damper)Friction DamperFriction Damper 등등

Indirect damping increaseIndirect damping increase동조질량감쇠기동조질량감쇠기 (Tuned Mass Damper)(Tuned Mass Damper)동조액체감쇠기동조액체감쇠기 (Tuned Liquid Damper)(Tuned Liquid Damper)

Mitigation of Vibrations of Tall BuildingsIncreasing Damping

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• Outside : twelve 50-story buildings• Inside : eight 42-story buildings • Structural system : shear wall + outrigger + belt wall

View from the Southwest View from the North

Recent Applications

the # Centum Park : Busan 2005

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H

tM

xM

yM

zM

xn

yn

zn

ξ

Item ValueMax. height(m) 121.7Total mass(tonf) 3,565Generalized mass in x dir.(tonf) 1045Generalized mass in y dir.(tonf) 1055Generalized mass in z dir.(tonf-m) 159 720Frequency in x dir.(Hz) 0.516Frequency in y dir. (Hz) 0.471Frequency in z dir. (Hz) 0.802Damping ratio(%) 2

Recent Applications

TMD Design & Installation

μγ

tξmaxd

eqξΔ

Parameter symbol valueMass ratio 0.0098

Frequency ratio 0.99Damping ratio 0.0596

Max. stroke(mm) 300Total damping ratio 0.035

Dynamic properties of the TMD

Dynamic properties of the BuildingParameter Specification

Mass 100 tonTotal mass 120 ton

Natural frequency

99% of the building’s natural frequency(0.516Hz) (tuninog range -20%~+10%)

Stroke +/- 300 mmDimension 5.9m x 5.3m x 2.6m(H)TMD Room 8.0m x 7.0m x 3.5m(H)

TMD Specifications

⇒ About 40% reduction

16

2009 건설기술 한마당Recent Applications

the#1st

World (125BL)

구조·층수 : RC (무량판구조), 64층

입주 시기 : 2009년 2월 (2,654세대)

적용 기술 : 코어 선행공법, ACS FORM 적용기둥 축소량 관리 기술최적배관 조인트 시스템고강도 콘크리트 : 80Mpa (벨트월)

the # 1st World : Song-Do

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Tower 동별 AIJ 2004 규준과의비교 (MotioneeringCommissioning, ’09.01.29)

: 풍진동제어기필요동/ 성분

⇒

실제구조물의강성증가에의한

풍진동예

측치감소

Recent Applications

18


Total Floor Area HeightConstructionArchitectural DesignStructural DesignSlenderness Ratio

: 141,900 m2

: B4F ~ 37F (185.6m ): ’07.01 ~ ’10.03: Nikken Sekkei (Japan): MIDAS IT (Korea): 4.68

Office TowerRent Tower

Recent Applications

POSCO E&C Headquarter Building, Song-Do, Incheon

발표자


The Headquarter Building has 37 story and about 186m, It is designed by Nikken Sekkei, and will be completed in March, two thousand ten.

19


Preliminary Design Results (TMD)

6,000

6,000

4,000

5,000

5,000

2,500

• RENT TOWER

TOWER TMD Mass(ton)

Size (cm)W B H

RENT X – Dir. 150 600 600 400Y – Dir. 150OFFICE X – Dir. 40 500 500 250Y – Dir. 80

• OFFICE TOWER

Recent Applications

μγ

+=

11

optμ

μξ31

2/321

, +=optt 2/1

2/21

μμξ+

=Δ eq

optγ

optt ,ξ

μeqξΔ

= ratio of natural frequency(TMD/1st mode) = damping ratio of TMD= increased equivalent damping ratio of building= ratio of the mass (TMD/1st modal mass)

발표자


Preliminary design results for TMD are shown in the table and figure. For rent tower, the TMD mass is about one hundred fifty ton, and the width is about six meters.

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1tanh

2TLD

g hf

L Lπ π

π⎛ ⎞

= ⎜ ⎟⎝ ⎠

▶ Natural Freq. of Rectangular TLD :

12,000

9,000

4,000

13,000

9,000

4,000

8,000

4,000

4,000

9,000

7,000

4,000

Preliminary Design Results (TLD, Tuned Liquid Damper)

TOWER Water Mass(ton)

Size (cm)L B H Water

LevelRENT X – Dir. 224 900 1,300 400 216

Y – Dir. 219 900 1,200 400 215OFFICE X – Dir. 61 800 400 400 222

Y – Dir. 118 900 700 400 220

• OFFICE (X)

• OFFICE (Y)

• RENT (X)

• RENT (Y)

Recent Applications

발표자


This is the preliminary design results of TLD For rent tower, the TLD water mass is about two hundred ton, and the length is about thirteen meters.

21


4,0004,000

2,500

3,000

3,000

2,000

Preliminary Design Results (AMD)

TOWER AMD Mass(ton)

Size (cm)

L B H

RENTX – Dir. 97

400 400 250Y – Dir. 100

OFFICEX – Dir. 39

300 300 200Y – Dir. 64

• RENT TOWER • OFFICE TOWER

Recent Applications

발표자


This is the preliminary design results of AMD. For rent tower, the moving mass is about one hundred ton, and the length is about four meters.

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8,500 10,500

7,000

6,300

6,500

6,000

XX--Dir.Dir.YY--Dir.Dir.

XX--Dir.Dir.YY--Dir.Dir.

Preliminary Design Results (TMLD)

TOWER TMD Mass(ton)

Size (cm)W B H

RENT Y – Dir. 62 650 630 600OFFICE X – Dir. 231 1,050 850 700

TOWER Water Mass(ton)

Size (cm)L B H Water

LevelRENT X – Dir. 62 650 630 600 150

OFFICE Y – Dir. 231 1,050 850 700 250

▶ TMD Direction

▶ TLCD Direction

• RENT TOWER • OFFICE TOWER

Patent No : 10-2008-0029419

Recent Applications

발표자


This is the preliminary design results of TMLD. TMLD is developed by POSCO E&C one years ago. It behaves as TMD in one direction and TLCD in the other direction. For the rent tower, the water mass is about sixty two ton, and the length is about ten meters.

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PerformancePerformance

SpaceSpace

ManufactureManufacture

Structure Structure reinforcementreinforcement

CostCost

MaintenanceMaintenance

Tuning RangeTuning Range

InstallationInstallation

ITEMITEM TMDTMD TLCDTLCD TMLDTMLD

TotalTotal

Comparisons

Recent Applications

발표자


Each controller compared using items in the table. And TMD is selected as the best candidate.

24


BSG

5A

BSG

5A

BSG3A

BSB2 BSG

5A

BSG1A

BSG

6

BSB2

BSG1

BSG2

BSB

1

BSB

1

BSB

1

BSB

1

BSB

1

BSG

7A

BSG

4A

BSG

4

BSB

1

BSB

1

BSB

1

BSG

4A

BSG3A BSG3 BSG3A BSG3B

BSG1

BSG

7B

SG

6

BSG

5

BSG

5

BSG

7

BSG3

BSG2ABSG2

BSG

7B

SG

6

BSG

5

BSG

6

BSG

4B

SG

8 BSG

8

BSG8

BSG8

BSG2B

BSB

1

BSB

1

BSB

1

BSB

1

BSC

G1

BSB

5

BSC

B1

BSB

5A

BSB6B BSB6ABSB6

BSB

1B

SB

1

BSG3

BSB

5

BSG8

BSC

G1A

BSG

5A

BSB2

BSG3

BSG3

BSB3 BSB3

BSB3

BSG3A

BSB2BSB2

BSB5

BSB

5

BSB

1

BSB

1

BSG2A

BSB

5

BSB

5

ASB5

ASG

5A

ASG

5A

ASG3

ASG3AASG3ASG3A

ASB3ASB2

ASB2

ASG

5A

ASG1A

ASG

6

ASB2ASB2

ASG1

ASG2

ASB

1

ASB

1

ASB

1

ASB

1

ASB

1

ASG

7A

ASB

1

ASB

1

ASB

8

ASG3AASG3ASG3AASG3B

ASG1

ASG

7ASG

6

ASG

5

ASG

5

ASG

7

ASG3

ASG2A ASG2ASG

7ASG

6

ASG

5

ASG

6

ASG8ASG8

ASG2B

ASB

1

ASB

1

ASB

1

ASB2ASB3

ASC

G1

ASB

5

ASC

B1

ASB

5A

ASB6BASB6A ASB6

ASB

5

ASB8

ASB

1

ASG3

ASB

5

ASG8

ASB

8

ASB

8

ASB

8

ASB7ASB7 ASB7

ASG

4A

ASG

4

ASG

4A

ASG

4

ASB

1

ASB

1

ASG2A

ASC

G1A

ASB3

ASG

5A

ASB7

ASG

4

ASG

4

ASB

5

ASB

5

ASG8

BSG2B

ASG

5

ASB

8

ASB

8

ASB7 ASB7 ASB7

ASB

8

ASB

8

ASB7ASB7ASB7

ASB

8

ASB

8

ASB

8

ASB7ASB7 ASB7 ASB7

ASB

8

ASB

8

ASB7 ASB7 ASB7

ASB

8

ASB

8

ASB7ASB7ASB7

BSG

5ASB

8

ASB

8

ASB

8

BSB3

Control Room : 12.5m x 11.5m x 8m(H)

Control Room: 9m x 8m x 8m(H)

Layout of TMD• RENT TOWER • OFFICE TOWER

Recent Applications

발표자


Control room and TMD will be installed at the top story of the building.

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2009 건설기술 한마당Comments

Natural frequency difference between model and completed building

High-rise steel buildings are more sensitive to dynamic wind loads. : Low Damping Ratio

RC core is more advantageous.: Increased Lateral Stiffness & Total Mass

DB on dynamic properties of high-rise buildings is needed

발표자


Final conclusions and comments. High-rise steel buildings are more sensitive to dynamic wind loads due to low damping ratio. RC core is more advantageous to increase lateral stiffness & total mass. Mass distribution of the building should be checked. Monitoring system will be installed to verify the behavior of the building and TMD.

Wind-Induced Vibration Control for High-rise Buildings

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Transcript of Wind-Induced Vibration Control for High-rise Buildings