Wimax 4g Communications
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WiMAX IN 4G COMMUNICATIONS
Madanapalle Institute of Technology and Science
WiMAX IN 4G COMMUNICATIONS
PAPER PRESENTED BY
Authors
Shaik .Fyzullah Ahmed
Electronics and Communications Engineering,
H.T No;08121A04B6,
Sree Vidyanikethan Engineering College,A.Rangampet,
Tirupati,
Phone no.9491520724,
EmailID:[email protected].
Mohammed .C .Aejaaz AhmedElectronics and Communications Engineering,
H.T No:08121A0481,
Sree Vidyanikethan Engineering College,A.Rangampet,
Tirupati,
Phone No.9642392987,
EmailID:[email protected]
CONTENTS:
1. Abstract
2. Introduction
3. Wimax features
4. Types of WiMAX:
Point-to-point (PTP)
Point-to-Multipoint (PMP)
5. Applications of WiMAX
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WiMAX IN 4G COMMUNICATIONS
Madanapalle Institute of Technology and Science
Fixed WiMAX Mobile WiMAX
6. Wimax standards
7. Real time examples using wimax
wimax radio mobile broadband
8. Limitations
9. Amendments in progress
10. Future developments
11. Conclusion
ABSTRACT:
Factors such as innovation, technological obsession, market evolution
and customer needs characterize the growth of any new technology .There is a
growing demand for a technology that addresses most of the customers demands suchas high bandwidth, long and non-line of sight coverage that are not achieved by the
existing technology. This trend is more predominant in the highly mutative wireless
market .4G will fundamentally advance the way we use mobile and existing networks
and repair the problems of 3G .With the supplementary features such as long and non-
line of sight coverage, high-bandwidth and inbuilt quality of service (QOS). The
approaching 4G mobile communication systems are projected to solve still-remaining
problems of 3G systems and to provide a wide variety of new services, from high-quality voice to high-definition video to high-data-rate wireless channels.WiMAX is
an advanced technology solution, based on an open standard, designed to meet this
need, and to do so in a low-cost, flexible way.
WiMAX (World wide interoperability for Microwave Access) allows
interoperability and combines the benefits that other wireless networking technologies
offer individually and leads a path towards 4G and become the 4G wireless
technology in the future. WiMax addresses almost all of the demands. WiMAX
provides high-throughput broadband connections over long distances.
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WiMAX IN 4G COMMUNICATIONS
Madanapalle Institute of Technology and Science
mobile market segments and developing countries where this technology may help
provide affordable broadband services.
WiMAX Features:
• WiMAX provides wireless metropolitan area network (WMAN) connectivity
at speeds of up to 75 Mb/sec.
• WiMAX systems can be used to transmit signal as far as 30 miles.
• A WiMAX base station would beam high-speed Internet connections to homes
and businesses in a radius of up to 50 km (31 miles).
Due to this it is well suited for a country such as India where telecom
infrastructure is poor and last mile access is expensive.
TYPES OF WiMAX :
Point-to-point (PTP) Point-to-Multipoint (PMP)
POINT TO POINT:
Point to point is used where there are two points of interest: one sender and
one receiver. This is also a scenario for backhaul or the transport from the data source
(data center, co-lo facility, fiber POP, Central Office, etc) to the subscriber or for a
point for distribution using point to multipoint architecture. Backhaul radios comprise
an industry of their own within the wireless industry. As the architecture calls for a
highly focused beam between two points range and throughput of point-to point
radios will be higher than that of point-to-multipoint products.
POINT TO MULTIPOINT :
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WiMAX IN 4G COMMUNICATIONS
Madanapalle Institute of Technology and Science
Point-to-multipoint is
synonymous with distribution.One base station can service
hundreds of dissimilar subscribers
in terms of bandwidth and
services offered.
The point to multipoint (PMP)
system allows a radio system to provide services to multiple users. WiMax systems
can also be setup as mesh networks allowing the WiMax system to forward packets
between base stations and subscribers without having to install communication lines
between base stations.
Here we can see the both types of point-to-point & point-to-multipoint
APPLICATIONS OF WiMAX :
There are mainly two applications of WiMAX. They are
• Fixed WiMAX
• Mobile WiMAX
FIXED WiMAX:
Fixed WiMAX applications are point-to-multipoint enabling broadband
access to homes and businesses.
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WiMAX IN 4G COMMUNICATIONS
Madanapalle Institute of Technology and Science
Fixed WiMAX offers cost effective point to point and point to multi-point
solutions
Fixed WiMAX include a radius of service coverage of 6 miles from a
WiMAX base station for point-to-multipoint, non-line-of-sight service. This service
should deliver approximately 40 megabits per second (Mbps) for fixed access
applications.
That WiMAX cell site should offer enough bandwidth to support
hundreds of businesses with T1 speeds and thousands of residential customers with
the equivalent of DSL services from one base station.
MOBILE WiMAX:
Mobile WiMAX allows any telecommunications to go mobile
Mobile WiMAX is based on OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency Division
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WiMAX IN 4G COMMUNICATIONS
Madanapalle Institute of Technology and Science
The difference between line of sight and non-line of sight
Earlier wireless technologies (LMDS, MMDS for example) were unsuccessful
in the mass market as they could not deliver services in non-line-of-sight scenarios.
This limited the number of subscribers they could reach and, given the high cost of
base stations and CPE, those business plans failed. WiMAX functions best in line of
sight situations and, unlike those earlier technologies, offers acceptable range and
throughput to subscribers who are not line of sight to the base station..
Buildings between the base station and the subscriber diminish the
range and throughput, but in an urban environment, the signal will still be strong
enough to deliver adequate service. Given WiMAX's ability to deliver services non-
line-of-sight, the WiMAX service provider can reach many customers in high-rise
office buildings achieve a low cost per subscriber because so many subscribers can be
reached from one base station.
REAL TIME EXAMPLE USING WiMAX:
WIMAX RADIO:
The major component of a WiMax system includes subscriber station
(SS), a base station (BS) and interconnection gateways to datacom (e.g. Internet) and
telecom (e.g. PSTN). An antenna and receiver (subscriber station) in the home or
business converts the microwave radio signals into broadband data signals for
distribution in the home. In this example, a WiMax system is being used to provide
telephone and broadband data communication services. When used for telephone
services, the WiMax system converts broadcast signals to an audio format (such as
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WiMAX IN 4G COMMUNICATIONS
Madanapalle Institute of Technology and Science
VoIP) for distribution to IP telephones or analog telephone adapter (ATA) boxes.
When WiMax is used for broadband data, the WiMax system also connects the
Internet through a gateway to the Internet. This example also shows that the WiMax
system can reach distances of up to 50 km when operating at lower frequencies(2-11 GHz).
Mobile Broadband
Broadband anytime-anywhere is the great
promise of WiMAX, which has arrived with Mobile WiMAX products.
IEEE 802.16e-2005 standard takes broadband wireless to a new plane. Suddenly it is
possible to have a DSLlike broadband experience anywhere you happen to be, not just
at home or in a Wi-Fi hot spot environment. With WiMAX we start to get Hot Zones
that are a few kilometres wide and the broadband experience moves outdoors.
Mobile broadband opens up a whole new high-speed data experience, which cannot
be matched by the other mobile technologies available today. Imagine you decide to
walk to the nearby park during your lunch break to enjoy the sunny weather. You
receive a call from one of your customers asking you to confirm some price
reductions immediately so that they can place the order. You start a data session on
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WiMAX IN 4G COMMUNICATIONS
Madanapalle Institute of Technology and Science
your smart WiMAX enabled device, log on to the server at work and download the
relevant spreadsheet. You then proceed to confirm the price reduction and you receive
the order from the customer before you have returned to your desk.
LIMITATIONS:1. A commonly-held misconception is that WiMAX will deliver 70 Mbit/s over 50
kilometers. In reality, WiMAX can do one or the other - operating over maximum
range (50 km) increases bit error rate and thus must use a lower bitrate. Lowering the
range allows a device to operate at higher bitrates.
2. Typically, fixed WiMAX networks have a higher-gain directional antenna installed
near the client (customer) which results in greatly increased range and throughput.
3. Mobile WiMAX networks are usually made of indoor "customer premise
equipment " (CPE) such as desktop modems, laptops with integrated Mobile WiMAX
or other Mobile WiMAX devices. Mobile WiMAX devices typically have an omni-
directional antenna which is of lower-gain compared to directional antennas but are
more portable. In practice, this means that in a line-of-sight environment with a
portable Mobile WiMAX CPE, speeds of 10 Mbit/s at 10 km could be deliveredHowever, in urban environments they may not have line-of-sight and therefore users
may only receive 10 Mbit/s over 2 km. Higher-gain directional antennas can be used
with a Mobile WiMAX network with range and throughput benefits but the obvious
loss of practical mobility.
4. Like most wireless systems, available bandwidth is shared between users in a given
radio sector, so performance could deteriorate in the case of many active users in a
single sector. In practice, many users will have a range of 2-, 4-, 6-, 8-, 10- or 12
Mbit/s services and additional radio cards will be added to the base station to increase
the capacity as required.
Because of this, various granular and distributed network architectures are
being incorporated into WiMAX through independent development and within the
802.16j mobile multi-hop relay (MMR) task group. This includes wireless mesh,
grids, network remote station repeaters which can extend networks and connect to
backhaul.
Amendments in progress
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WiMAX IN 4G COMMUNICATIONS
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CONCLUSION:WiMax is all set to take over the wireless world. WiMAX represents a
global connectivity opportunity in highly developed mobile market segments and
developing countries where this technology may help provide affordable broadband
services Using WiMax. This development will allow for such things as mobile video
conferencing, live video feeds without the cost of satellite time, and connecting to
practically anything live, on-line, and do it with a device in your hand. Amazing! One
to many and one to one telecasting. All the possibilities of broadband combined with
mobility and freedom from place.
The emerging BWA technology WiMAX allows interoperability and
combines the benefits that other wireless networking technologies offer individually
and leads a path towards 4G and become the 4G wireless technology in the future. e-
mail : [email protected]