WilliamWilliam ShakespearShakespear

ee 1564 - 1564 -

16161616

January 2, 2013January 2, 2013Do Now:Do Now:

What do you already What do you already know about know about Shakespeare? His Shakespeare? His life? His plays?life? His plays?

The Greatest English WriterThe Greatest English Writer

William Shakespeare William Shakespeare was born on April 23, was born on April 23, 1564 in Stratford-upon-1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon. Shakespeare was Avon. Shakespeare was the most documented the most documented Elizabethan playwright Elizabethan playwright who was recognised in who was recognised in his own lifetime. After his own lifetime. After retiring and making his retiring and making his will out on March 25, will out on March 25, 1616, Shakespeare died 1616, Shakespeare died on April 23, 1616. on April 23, 1616. Nothing is recorded on Nothing is recorded on the cause of his death.the cause of his death.

Shakespeare's LifeShakespeare's Life John Shakespeare, William's John Shakespeare, William's

father, was a glover and a father, was a glover and a whittawer. He was a highly whittawer. He was a highly successful and respected successful and respected man. His father held many man. His father held many public official positions: public official positions: mayor, town council man, mayor, town council man, and justice of peace. and justice of peace. Shakespeare's father was Shakespeare's father was not able to write. In 1576, not able to write. In 1576, John's business went down. John's business went down. He stopped attending He stopped attending meetings and social events. meetings and social events. Shakespeare was twelve at Shakespeare was twelve at this point in time. this point in time.

Stratford on Avon

Shakespeare's mother was Shakespeare's mother was Mary Arden. She came from a Mary Arden. She came from a wealthy family who paid a wealthy family who paid a handsome dowry to marry her handsome dowry to marry her off. off. While living on Henly Street, While living on Henly Street, she bore eight children with she bore eight children with the Shakespeare name. the Shakespeare name.

Shakespeare went to Stratford Shakespeare went to Stratford Grammar School where he Grammar School where he studied classics written in Greek studied classics written in Greek and Latin. His teachers gave him and Latin. His teachers gave him the incentive to read. the incentive to read.

He was taught by two Oxford He was taught by two Oxford graduates, Simon Hunt and graduates, Simon Hunt and Thomas Jenkins. Shakespeare Thomas Jenkins. Shakespeare had an unusual keen observation had an unusual keen observation of both nature and mankind. His of both nature and mankind. His education was said to have ended education was said to have ended here. here.

On November 27, On November 27, 1582, Shakespeare 1582, Shakespeare married Ann married Ann Hathaway who was Hathaway who was twenty-eight years old. twenty-eight years old. On May 26, 1583, Ann On May 26, 1583, Ann bore their first bore their first daughter, Susanna. In daughter, Susanna. In 1585, a set of twins 1585, a set of twins were born, Judith and were born, Judith and Hamnet. Hamnet died Hamnet. Hamnet died at the age of eleven in at the age of eleven in 1596.1596.

No evidence was No evidence was found of Shakespeare found of Shakespeare between the years of between the years of 1585 1592. These 1585 1592. These years of years of Shakespeare's life Shakespeare's life were called "The were called "The Hidden Years". Hidden Years".

Ann Hathaway's House

Shakespeare's Memorial Shakespeare's Memorial Places in Stratford on AvonPlaces in Stratford on Avon

Shakespeare’s Memorial Theater

Monumentto Lady

Macbeth

The Trinity Church Where

WilliamShakespeareWas Baptized

And later Buried.

A Stained-Glass

Window

A Monument to

William Shakespeare

January 3 January 3 Do Now:Do Now:

Read Sonnet 18 by William Shakespeare.Read Sonnet 18 by William Shakespeare.

1. What is the poem conveying?1. What is the poem conveying? 2. What is the rhyme scheme? 2. What is the rhyme scheme? 3. How many syllables per line? 3. How many syllables per line? 4. In the first 2 lines, mark which 4. In the first 2 lines, mark which

syllables are stressed and unstressed.syllables are stressed and unstressed.

Hidden YearsHidden Years During Shakespeare's Hidden Years, During Shakespeare's Hidden Years,

many people suspected that he ran many people suspected that he ran away from the law or became a away from the law or became a butcher's apprentice. Christopher butcher's apprentice. Christopher Beston, called "The Chronicle of the Beston, called "The Chronicle of the Stage", was also a prominent Stage", was also a prominent theatrical manager. Beston told theatrical manager. Beston told John Aubry, who wrote "Brief Lies", John Aubry, who wrote "Brief Lies", that Shakespeare was probably a that Shakespeare was probably a school teacher during these years. school teacher during these years. No evidence was found of No evidence was found of Shakespeare's whereabouts until Shakespeare's whereabouts until 1592 in London. 1592 in London.

London PeriodLondon Period In London, Shakespeare In London, Shakespeare

established himself as established himself as an actor who began to an actor who began to write many plays. In write many plays. In 1593, he found a patron, 1593, he found a patron, Henry Wriothsley, to Henry Wriothsley, to sponsor him. During sponsor him. During this time, he wrote two this time, he wrote two long poems. His first long poems. His first long poem, "Venus and long poem, "Venus and Adonius", was written in Adonius", was written in 1593. In 1594, he wrote 1593. In 1594, he wrote his second long poem, his second long poem, “Lucrece". The theatres “Lucrece". The theatres also opened again after also opened again after the plague during this the plague during this year.year.

The Globe TheaterThe Globe Theater Shakespeare worked Shakespeare worked

for "Lord for "Lord Chamberlain's Men" Chamberlain's Men" company that later company that later became "The King's became "The King's Men" in 1603 after Men" in 1603 after King James I took over. King James I took over. This company became This company became the largest and most the largest and most famous acting company famous acting company because Shakespeare because Shakespeare performed and worked performed and worked for them. His plays for them. His plays were usually performed were usually performed by this company. by this company.

. All 154 of his sonnets were published in 1609. At this time, Richard Burbage was considered the greatest actor. James Burbage, Richard's father, was the first to build a theatre in London called "The Theatre" in 1576. In 1599, "The Globe" was built in a circular shape.

The plays in this The plays in this theatre usually theatre usually lasted for three lasted for three days. The first day, days. The first day, expenses were paid, expenses were paid, the second day, the the second day, the actors were paid, actors were paid, and the third day, and the third day, the playwright was the playwright was paid. Other paid. Other theatres to follow theatres to follow were the following: were the following: "The Curtain", "The "The Curtain", "The Rose", "The Swan", Rose", "The Swan", "The Fortune", "The Fortune", "The Red Bull", and "The Red Bull", and "The Hope". "The Hope". Hamlet

As an actor, writer, As an actor, writer, director, and a director, and a stockholder in "The stockholder in "The King's Men" company, King's Men" company, Shakespeare had Shakespeare had multiple sources of multiple sources of income. He was income. He was becoming a very becoming a very wealthy man. In 1597, wealthy man. In 1597, Shakespeare bought Shakespeare bought New Place which was New Place which was a very large house for a very large house for his family to live in.his family to live in.

At the EndAt the End Shakespeare left London in 1611 Shakespeare left London in 1611

and retired. On March 25, 1616, and retired. On March 25, 1616, Shakespeare made a will. He died Shakespeare made a will. He died April 23, 1616 at the age of fifty-April 23, 1616 at the age of fifty-two. The cause of his death was two. The cause of his death was unknown. Many people believe unknown. Many people believe that Shakespeare knew he was that Shakespeare knew he was dying; however, he didn't want dying; however, he didn't want anyone to know that he was. anyone to know that he was.

The Modern Building of the The Modern Building of the Globe Theater in London.Globe Theater in London.

At Shakespeare's time, after At Shakespeare's time, after the graveyard was full, they the graveyard was full, they would dig one's corpse up and would dig one's corpse up and burn the person's bones in a burn the person's bones in a huge fireplace. Some people huge fireplace. Some people would strip the corpse after would strip the corpse after the burial. Shakespeare hated the burial. Shakespeare hated this type of treatment after this type of treatment after death, so he wrote his own death, so he wrote his own epitaph.epitaph.

Shakespeare's WillShakespeare's Will

"Good Friends, "Good Friends, for Jesus' sake for Jesus' sake forbear,forbear,To dig the bones To dig the bones enclosed here!enclosed here!Blest be the man Blest be the man that spares these that spares these stones,stones,And curst be he And curst be he that moves my that moves my bones."bones."

Due to the fact that the people Due to the fact that the people at this time were superstitious, at this time were superstitious, no one ever bothered his no one ever bothered his corpse. A while ago, a few corpse. A while ago, a few people wanted to dig him up people wanted to dig him up and check his bones to be sure and check his bones to be sure that the person buried there that the person buried there was Shakespeare. However, the was Shakespeare. However, the government would not allow it. government would not allow it.

Shakespeare's GraveShakespeare's Grave

In 1623, Shakespeare's first folio In 1623, Shakespeare's first folio was published. The folio was published. The folio included: 154 sonnets, 37 plays, included: 154 sonnets, 37 plays, and 2 long poems.and 2 long poems.

His friends compiled all of his His friends compiled all of his work into this folio before work into this folio before anyone could reproduce his plays anyone could reproduce his plays and claim them as their own. and claim them as their own.

Many of his plays are famous and Many of his plays are famous and are studied by students today.are studied by students today.

Romeo and JulietRomeo and Juliet

King LearKing Lear

The Twelfth NightThe Twelfth Night

HamletHamlet

Caesar and CleopatraCaesar and Cleopatra

Some Sonnets Some Sonnets Let me not to the marriage of Let me not to the marriage of

true mindstrue minds Admit Admit impediments. Love is not love impediments. Love is not love

Which alters when it Which alters when it alteration finds, Or bends alteration finds, Or bends with the remover to remove: with the remover to remove: O no! it is an ever-fixed markO no! it is an ever-fixed mark

That looks on tempests and That looks on tempests and is never shaken; It is the star is never shaken; It is the star to every wandering bark,to every wandering bark,Whose worth's unknown, Whose worth's unknown, although his height be taken. although his height be taken. Love's not Time's fool, Love's not Time's fool, though rosy lips and cheeksthough rosy lips and cheeks

Within his bending Within his bending sickle's compass come: Love sickle's compass come: Love alters not with his brief hours alters not with his brief hours and weeks,and weeks, But bears it out But bears it out even to the edge of doom. If even to the edge of doom. If this be error and upon me this be error and upon me proved,proved, I never writ, nor I never writ, nor no man ever loved.no man ever loved.

Shall I compare thee to a summer's Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?day?   Thou art more lovely and more    Thou art more lovely and more temperate:temperate:Rough winds do shake the darling Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,buds of May,And summer's lease hath all too And summer's lease hath all too short a date:short a date:Sometime too hot the eye of heaven Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,shines,   And often is his gold complexion    And often is his gold complexion dimm'd;dimm'd;And every fair from fair sometime And every fair from fair sometime declines,declines,   By chance, or nature's changing    By chance, or nature's changing course, untrimm'd;course, untrimm'd;But thy eternal summer shall not But thy eternal summer shall not fade,fade,   Nor lose possession of that fair    Nor lose possession of that fair thou owest;thou owest;Nor shall Death brag thou Nor shall Death brag thou wander'st in his shade,wander'st in his shade,   When in eternal lines to time    When in eternal lines to time thou growest;thou growest;So long as men can breathe, or eyes So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,can see,   So long lives this, and this gives    So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.life to thee.

When in disgrace with fortune When in disgrace with fortune and men's eyes,and men's eyes,   I all alone beweep my outcast    I all alone beweep my outcast state,state,And trouble deaf Heaven with And trouble deaf Heaven with my bootless cries,my bootless cries,   And look upon myself, and    And look upon myself, and curse my fate,curse my fate,Wishing me like to one more Wishing me like to one more rich in hope,rich in hope,   Featur'd like him, like him    Featur'd like him, like him with friends possess'd,with friends possess'd,Desiring this man's art, and Desiring this man's art, and that man's scope,that man's scope,   With what I most enjoy    With what I most enjoy contented least:contented least:Yet in these thoughts myself Yet in these thoughts myself almost despising,almost despising,   Haply I think on thee,--and    Haply I think on thee,--and then my statethen my state(Like to the lark at break of day (Like to the lark at break of day arisingarising   From sullen earth) sings    From sullen earth) sings hymns at heaven's gate;hymns at heaven's gate;For thy sweet love remember'd For thy sweet love remember'd such wealth bringssuch wealth brings   That then I scorn to change    That then I scorn to change my state with kings'.my state with kings'.

Not marble, nor the gilded Not marble, nor the gilded monumentsmonuments   Of princes, shall outlive    Of princes, shall outlive this powerful rhyme;this powerful rhyme;But you shall shine more But you shall shine more bright in these contentsbright in these contents   Than upswept stone,    Than upswept stone, besmear'd with sluttish besmear'd with sluttish time.time.When wasteful war shall When wasteful war shall statues overturn,statues overturn,   And broils root out the    And broils root out the work of masonry,work of masonry,Nor Mars his sword nor Nor Mars his sword nor war's quick fire shall burnwar's quick fire shall burn   The living record of your    The living record of your memory.memory.‘Gainst death and all ‘Gainst death and all oblivious enmityoblivious enmity   Shall you pace forth; your    Shall you pace forth; your praise shall still find room,praise shall still find room,Even in the eyes of all Even in the eyes of all posterityposterity   That wear this world out to    That wear this world out to the ending doom.the ending doom.So, till the judgment that So, till the judgment that yourself arise,yourself arise,   You live in this, and dwell    You live in this, and dwell in lovers' eyes.in lovers' eyes.