Iolanda Pensa, SUPSI Switzerland - iolanda.pensa@supsi.ch - http://iopensa.itThe role of scholars in contributing to Wikipedia, Paris, ECAS, 09/06/2015

The license Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike. DensityDesign Research Lab-INDACO Department Politecnico di Milano, Share Your Knowledge, 2011-2012, cc by-sa.

Do YOU edit Wikipedia?

You should.

Wikimania 2012. Foto Helpameout, 2012, cc by-sa.

Iolanda Pensa, iopensa.I am part of the Wikimedia community. I have been editing Wikipedia as a volunteer since 2006. Professionally I have been scientific director of the project WikiAfrica between 2007 and 2012 and I am now researcher at SUPSI Switzerland. I am currently the lead of Wikimania 2016 Esino Lario, the Wikipedia world gathering in Italy, in a mountain village over Lake Como.

1. Why2. Open licenses3. Wikipedia Primary School

1. Why

Marc Augé’s non-placesAchille Mbembe’s borders

Jean-Loup Amselle’s connectionsHomi K. Bhabha’s location of culture

Arjun Appadurai’s cultural dimensions of globalizationSaskia Sassen’s global city

Yochai Benkler’s networked social production and open collaboration

Don Tapscott and Anthony Williams’s Wikinomics

Maja van der Velden’s contact zone on Wikipedia

Mathieu O’Neil’s cyberchiefs

Heather Ford’s missing Wikipedians

Sarat Maharaj’s art and knowledge production

Tirdad Zolghadr’s approach to art and exhibitions

Steven Weber’s open source production

V.Y. Mudimbe’s invention of Africa

Michel Foucault’s power and knowledge

Edward Said’s Orientalism

Mark Graham’s Africa on Wikipedia

Frantz Fanon’s colonial violence and weight

We need to rewrite history Rasheed Araeen

Representations of Africa

Africa in public domain content (-early XX century) uploaded on Wikipedia

Self-representation

Sources

Licenses

Restitution

Sharing knowledge and problematic content which it is not easy to share (art from secret societies, human remains, content not contextualized…)

Dissemination of academic knowledge

Reaching the public

Background knowledgeHistoriography

Oral sourcesAvailability of sources

Access to sourcesAccess to data

Languages

Colonial and post-colonial archives

NichePower Control

Research ethics

Relationships with institutions and governmentsAcademic credits

Intercultural dialogueContemporary society

Geographic dynamics

HistoryGeographyAnthropology

Culture

AuthorshipInternet

Mobile phonesICTConnectivity

© Information Architects, Web Trand Map 2007/V2, 2007.

Wikipedia as a new continent, participating with a growing role in shaping culture and local cultures, and contributing to cultural processes.

Distribution of offline Wikipedia on DVD, USB key and in classrooms. Credits: Wikimedia Commons, cc by-sa.

Wikipedia Zero. Access to Wikipedia on mobile phones for free.

Wikipedia editors. DensityDesign Research Lab-INDACO Department Politecnico di Milano, Share Your Knowledge, 2011-2012, cc by-sa.

2. Open licenses

Creative Commons licenses.

“The big opportunity with open licenses is far more practical: it has the potential to dramatically increase the impact, reach and scale of the ideas we invest in…”

The Shuttleworth Foundation, 2008

Chimurenga Library, 2007-2008. A project promoted by Chimurenga and supported by lettera27/WikiAfrica, GNU GPL / cc by-sa.

Far usare le licenze a istituzioni

Raccolte Extraeuropee del Castello Sforzesco, Milano, 2012, Wikimedia Commons, cc by-sa.Raccolte civiche Extraeuropee, Castello Sforzesco, Milano. Images and catalogue on Wikimedia Commons while the collection was not online nor exhibited, 2012, cc by-sa.

The National Archives UK, Wikimedia Commons, cc by-sa.

WikiAfrica/Share Your Knowledge 2006-2012. Status report, 2013, cc by-sa. http://outreach.wikimedia.org/wiki/GLAM/Case_studies/WikiAfrica/Share_Your_Knowledge/Institutions

Event: conference/training/workshop

Research

Archives

Wiki Loves Monuments

Notebooks (Detour, myDetour, WikiAfrica special editions)

Presentations and events

Creative Commons affiliate

Orange and Orange Foundation (free Wikipedia on mobile phones)

Brooklyn MuseumFeed My Starving Children

International Institute for Communication and Development

Sustainable Sanitation AllianceHeinrich-Böll-StiftungAfricaFilms.tv

Western Province Government – Department of museums - 28 museums in Western Cape Province, South Africa, Bartolomeu Dias Museum, Beaufort-West Museum, Caledon Museum, Cango Caves Museum, Cape Medical Museum, CP Nel Museum, Drostdy Museum, Fransie Pienaar Museum, Genadendal Mission Museum, George Museum, Groot-Brakrivier Museum, Hout Bay Museum, Huguenot Memorial Museum, Jan Dankaert Museum, Koopmans De Wet House Museum, Montagu Museum, Old Harbour Museum, Paarl Museum, Robertson Museum, SA Fisheries Museum, Sendinggestig(Missionary)Museum, Shipwreck Museum, Simon's Town Museum, Stellenbosch Museum, Transport Riders Museum, Wellington Museum, Wheat Industry Museum, Worcester Museum

Gambia National Museum

Sungani Zakwathu Cultural Heritage PromotionsPostal Museum, Matengatenga, Malawi

Zanzibar National Museum

Phuthidikabo Museum, Mochudi, BotswanaSeychelles People Defense

Forces Museum (SPDF)

Uganda National Museum

Dataset of administrations in Botswana

The Africa Centre in Cape Town South Africa promoting “WikiAfrica: Increasing the the quality and quantity of African content on Wikipedia”.

https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia_Primary_School - April 2014

WIKIPEDIA PRIMARY SCHOOLProviding on Wikipedia the information necessary to complete the cycle of primary education in the languages used by the different education systems.

RESEARCH PROBLEMThe research is developed within a Swiss-South African cooperation lead by the University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland (SUPSI) and the University of Cape Town, in partnership with Wikimedia Switzerland and the Africa Centre based in Cape Town, and with the support of SNF and the South African National Research Foundation (NRF).!Iolanda Pensa (principal investigator Switzerland), Tobias Schönwetter (principal investigator South Africa), Luca Botturi, Davide Fornari, Giancarlo Gianocca, Isla Haddow-Flood, Erica Litrenta, Giovanni Profeta, Kelsey Wiens.

Wikipedia is meant to be an educational tool and it is currently available online, via mobile phones and offline. Experiences have shown that, once accessible, Wikipedia does not provide information that responds directly to curriculum-based questions. The project relies on Wikipedia as an existing and growing resource, it solves the need for an encyclopedia capable of responding to curriculum-based questions, and it fosters Wikipedia content, quality and outreach.

THE PROJECT RESEARCH TEAMThe research project developed within a Swiss-South African cooperation (2014-2017) focuses on the theoretical frame of Wikipedia Primary School and in developing and evaluating a system to assess Wikipedia articles for primary education and to involve a wide network of scholars and contributors in their production. !More specifically the project aims at:!1. Bridging Wikipedia and primary education. This objective

implies to move the Wikipedia community towards a focus on primary education, and at the same time to strengthen the capacity of the education ecosystem to contribute to Wikipedia, and in general to open collaborative knowledge.

2. Enriching Wikipedia with new content relevant to primary education. This objective implies an assessment of the articles produced.

3. Fostering the development of translations and new content in different Wikipedia linguistic editions. This objective implies the release of existing educational resources (OER in cc by or cc by-sa), the production of datasets and the involvement of the Wikimedia movement.

4. Verifying and evaluating the use of Wikipedia as a source of information for primary education. This objective implies the involvement of stakeholders and data analysis.

Wikipedia Primary School contributes to universal primary education and to the Millennium Development Goals (MDG2: Achieve Universal Primary Education). Even if it is scalable and international, the project is conceived primarily to address African countries and languages.

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1. Edit Wikipedia.2. Use the open license cc by-sa on your content (photos, articles, your bachelor thesis…).3. Review articles related to your expertise and suggest bibliography and improvements.4. Ask your students to contribute to Wikipedia as an assignment.5. Involve scientific journals in creating “Wikipedia sessions”.

Share Your Knowledge

cc by-sa, 2015.Iolanda Pensa, SUPSI Switzerland - iolanda.pensa@supsi.ch - http://iopensa.it

DensityDesign Research Lab-INDACO Department Politecnico di Milano, Share Your Knowledge, 2011-2012, cc by-sa.

Iolanda Pensa (SUPSI)The role of scholars in contributing to Wikipedia

The role of scholars in contributing directly or indirectly to Wikipedia is extremely important. Scholars can write, share and review content related to Africa with a  specific expertise which is not largely available at present among the Wikipedia community. They can suggest how to improve articles, they can involve students in writing and translating content as an assignment (which avoids plagiarism from Wikipedia and teaches students how Wikipedia works), they can produce articles for Wikipedia sessions of scientific journals and releasing content under the open license Creative Commons attribution or Creative Commons attribution share alike. Acknowledging Wikipedia articles as contribution to scientific journals is an  increasing approach among academic publications; a well structured and complete article is not an original research, but it is more and more widely recognized as a complex and valuable contribution supporting original research, making it understandable to hundreds of thousands of readers, and facilitating further studies with relevant references; articles on scientific journals (commonly published in a specific journal session) attribute the article to its authors whereas  the article on Wikipedia attributes the role to the publication and its reviewers (https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia_Scientific_Journal/References).This presentation is based on the experience of WikiAfrica (http://www.wikiafrica.net), Share Your Knowledge (a project involving 100 institutions in contributing to African content on Wikipedia and the Wikimedia projects by releasing documentation under open licenses), "Mobile A2K: Culture and Safety in Africa" (with research documentation such as 4000 images of public art in Douala between 1991 and 2013 made available on the Wikimedia projects (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Mobile_A2K), of 4 years of teaching experience and Wikipedia assignments at NABA (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiAfrica/NABA)  and on the research project Wikipedia Primary School (https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Research:Wikipedia_Primary_School_SSAJRP_programme).

Extra

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Europeana_Fashion_Editathon_2013_Stra_03.JPG

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Glam_Wiki_meeting_at_Museum_of_Lodz_3.jpg

Writing an article on Wikipedia. DensityDesign Research Lab-INDACO Department Politecnico di Milano, Share Your Knowledge, 2011-2012, cc by-sa.

Correcting a mistake on Wikipedia. DensityDesign Research Lab-INDACO Department Politecnico di Milano, Share Your Knowledge, 2011-2012, cc by-sa.

Adding text to an article on Wikipedia. DensityDesign Research Lab-INDACO Department Politecnico di Milano, Share Your Knowledge, 2011-2012, cc by-sa.

© Chacho Pueble, his great-aunt and photos by his sister Lula, http://www.behance.net/gallery/Grandmother-Tips/2392946.

© Bili Bidjocka, Ecriture Infinie, http://www.ecritureinfinie.org.

Spacial distribution of edits for Wikipedia in English. Erik Zachte, May 2011, cc by-sa.

Artwork: © Yinka Shonibare, Scramble for Africa, 2000 in Looking Both Ways: Art of the Contemporary African Diaspora. Commissioned by and courtesy Museum for African Art NY.

Chris Harrison, WikiViz, 2006.

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© Tsesler & Voichenko, Welcome, Minsk, Road sign.

Contemporary African art

Permissions - Wikimedia Commons <permissions-commons@wikimedia.org>

I hereby assert that I am the creator and/or sole owner of the exclusive copyright of WORK [ insert link ].

I agree to publish that work under the free license Creative Commons attribution share-alike 3.0.

I acknowledge that I grant anyone the right to use the work in a commercial product, and to modify it according to their needs.

I am aware that I always retain copyright of my work, and retain the right to be attributed in accordance with the license chosen. Modifications others make to the work will not be attributed to me.

I am aware that the free license only concerns copyright, and I reserve the option to take action against anyone who uses this work in a libelous way, or in violation of personality rights, trademark restrictions, etc.I acknowledge that I cannot withdraw this agreement, and that the work may or may not be kept permanently on a Wikimedia project.

DATE, NAME OF THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER

The license Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike. DensityDesign Research Lab-INDACO Department Politecnico di Milano, Share Your Knowledge, 2011-2012, cc by-sa.

People and institutions do not need to become Wikipedias to contribute.

Chimurenga Library, 2007-2008. A project promoted by Chimurenga and supported by lettera27/WikiAfrica, GNU GPL / cc by-sa.

Raccolte Extraeuropee del Castello Sforzesco, Milano, 2012, Wikimedia Commons, cc by-sa.Raccolte civiche Extraeuropee, Castello Sforzesco, Milano. Images and catalogue on Wikimedia Commons while the collection was not online nor exhibited, 2012, cc by-sa.

The National Archives UK, Wikimedia Commons, cc by-sa.

National Gallery of Zimbabwe, Wikimedia Commons, cc by-sa.

“The big opportunity with open licenses is far more practical: it has the potential to dramatically increase the impact, reach and scale of the ideas we invest in…”

The Shuttleworth Foundation, 2008

Reviews

Mounir Fatmi, Les connexions, 2003-2004, installation

© Tsesler & Voichenko, Welcome, Minsk, Road sign.

© Mounir Fatmi, G8 Les balais, 2004, installation.

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Segundo_Editatón_Soumaya_Abierto_-_Dia_dos_-_35.JPG

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:QRpedia_codes_in_Silesian_Museum_Opava_03.JPG

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Archeowiki_-_Raccolte_Extraeuropee_01.JPG

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:QR_Code,_Museum_für_Hamburgische_Geschichte_IMG_1607_original.jpg

L’Herbarium di Neuchâtel e Wikipedia

Jason Grant, conservatore degli erbari, Università di Neuchâtel

DensityDesign Research Lab-INDACO Department Politecnico di Milano, Share Your Knowledge, 2011-2012, cc by-sa.

DensityDesign Research Lab-INDACO Department Politecnico di Milano, Fondazione Cariplo on Wikipedia in Italian, 09/2011, CC BY-SA.

2006 Harvard University

2012 George Washington University

2009 Centro Cultural San Martín, Buenos Aires

2015 VasconcelosLibrary, Mexico City

2008 Bibliotheca Alexandrina, Egypt

2011 Haifa Auditorium Complex, Israel

2013 Hong Kong Polytechnic University

2007 Youth Center Taipei2016 The entire village of Esino Lario, Lake Como area, Italy

2014 Barbican Centre in London

2010 Polish Baltic Philharmonic, Gdańsk

2005 Youth Hostel Frankfurt, Germany

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Esino Lario, un comune montano delle Alpi in Provincia di Lecco, Regione Lombardia, Italia.

MeetupsPanels Support

Il raduno mondiale di Wikipedia nel 2016 è a Esino Lario.

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Il numero corrisponde alla fotografia. Foto https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Esino_Lario

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Villa Clotilde

Primary school

Multimedia room museum Bar restaurant 58 Theatre of the Kindergarten Former Hotel Italia

Bar restaurant Oasi

Bar restaurant Centrale

Meeting

Bar restaurant Montanina

Collaborative space

City hall

Montecodeno

Former cinema

Bar La sosta

Sport Hall

MeetupsPanels Support

Valorizzare gli spazi e le risorse del territorio.