Wideband Networked Sensors · – Synchronized with operations • Components ofSensor Networks –...
Transcript of Wideband Networked Sensors · – Synchronized with operations • Components ofSensor Networks –...
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Wideband Networked SensorsSteve L. BernsteinJames O. CalvinKevin M. Cuomo
Harold M. HeggestadIsrael Kupiec
David R. MartinezJoseph M. Mayhan
Frank C. RobeyJoseph M. Usoff
MIT Lincoln Laboratorye-mail: [email protected]
Next Generation InternetPrincipal Investigator Meeting
2-4 October 2000
MIT Lincoln LaboratoryNGIPIMeeting100300drm-2
Outline
• Netted Sensors Through High Performance Connectivity– Enabled via Next Generation Internet
• Military Utility Examples
• Millstone Testbed Demonstration
• Summary
December 14, 1999
JO TNI
S TAFFC HI EFS OF
Increased Awareness(JV 2010+)
• Sensor Networks enable Commanders to– Rapidly generate Battlespace Awareness – Synchronized with operations
• Components of Sensor Networks– Space, Air, Sea, Ground and Cyberspace
Based Sensors
• Operational Capabilities– Improved Data Fusion– Dynamic Sensor Tasking– Universal Sensor Recruitment
Sensor Network“Applications and
Peripherals”
A network-centric force increases battlespace awareness by overcoming the limitations of standalone sensors through employment of sensor networks
*From D. Alberts, and John J. Garstka. "Information Superiority/Command and Control Seminar: Keynote Presentation."
NGI VISION
DARPANASA
NSFDOE
NIST
Next Generation Internet
Goal 2.2Goal 1 Goal 2.1 Goal 3Advanced Network Technologies
High PerformanceConnectivity
Ultra-High Performance Tech.
RevolutionaryApplications
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High Performance Sensor NetworkingWeb-based Broadband Sensor Fusion
DigitalRx
Signal Proc.
PacketizedBroadband
Communications
DigitalRx
Signal Proc.
DigitalRx
Signal Proc.
Integration / fusion of distributed multi-frequency and multi-aspect systems for improved performance:
Ø SensitivityØ MetricsØ Discrimination/ combat IDØ Targeting
Integration / fusion of distributed multi-frequency and multi-aspect systems for improved performance:
Ø SensitivityØ MetricsØ Discrimination/ combat IDØ Targeting
DigitalRx
Signal Proc.
Fiber
Wireless
Attributes:• Packetized with net-based timing• Wideband open system
architecture• Net-based advanced imaging• Land, air, and sea based• Robust to countermeasures
Attributes:• Packetized with net-based timing• Wideband open system
architecture• Net-based advanced imaging• Land, air, and sea based• Robust to countermeasures
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Outline
• Netted Sensors Through High Performance Connectivity– Enabled via Next Generation Internet
• Military Utility Examples
• Millstone Testbed Demonstration
• Summary
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Ultra-Wideband Target Imaging Using Distributed Sensors
Ultra-WidebandTarget Image
Lower Sub-band
Image
Upper Sub-band
Image
ConventionalImage
Processing
ConventionalImage
Processing
Sensor 2
Sensor 1
Netted Sensor Processing
• Multi-Frequencies• Multi-Aspects• Polarization Diversity• Waveform Diversity
High Speed Connectivity Enables Netting Sensors to Exploit:
Re-Entry Vehicle
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Adversary Countries Interested in U.S. Activities
Militarily Significant Payloads Doing More in Smaller Packages
1 m
UOSatUOSat--1212
0.32 m
DLRDLR--TUBSATTUBSATTUBSAT BTUBSAT B
0.5 m
UOSatUOSat--1212
TUBSAT BTUBSAT B
DLRDLR--TUBSATTUBSAT
Imaging Satellite Size Progression Resolutions < 10 m
1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 20100
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Ave
rag
e S
atel
lite
Dim
ensi
on
(m
)S
atel
lite
Dim
ensi
on
(m
)
Problem:
• Many new imaging satellites will be available to potential adversaries
Proposed Approach:
• Determine imaging satellite status and pointing using wideband netted sensors
Best Current Capability
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Satellite Threat Assessment
Problem:
• Many new imaging satellites will be available to potential adversaries in near future
– Capable of off-nadir imaging
– Dimensions shrinking (< 1 meter)
Solution Approach:
• Generate high resolution radar images
• Analyze images to determine satellite orientation
Military ZoneImaged Swath
Ground Trace (Nadir)
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Boston, MA
Albany, NY
New York, NY
Philadelphia, PA
Washington, D.C.
Trenton, NJ
Bridgeport, CTNewark, NJ
Baltimore, MD Wilmington, DE
Poughkeepsie, NY
ObjectiveDemonstrate the use of the
BoSSNET for advanced communication-intensive
military applications
Wideband Networked Sensors- WNS Program -
Haystack (X band)
HAX (Ku Band)
10
12
14
16
18
Freq. (GHz)
Lincoln SpaceSurveillance
Complex
ISI East
Conventional Image25 cm resolution
(Simulated)
Sparse-bandProcessing
10
12
14
16
18 GHz
Dual Band Image3-4 cm resolution
(Simulated)
Freq. (GHz)
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Outline
• Netted Sensors Through High Performance Connectivity– Enabled via Next Generation Internet
• Military Utility Examples
• Millstone Testbed Demonstration
• Summary
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Connectivity to Other NGI Projects (Supernet)
MIT Lincoln Laboratory
Lincoln Space Surveillance Complex (LSSC)
Haystack Radar (HAY)
Haystack Auxiliary Radar (HAX)
Millstone Hill Radar (MHR)
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Lincoln Dark Fiber Plant, October 2000
HAY, HAXRadars
Lincoln Laboratory
MIT
Bossnetto Washington D.C.
ONRAMP
230 Congress St.
LL Dark Fiber
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Wideband Networked Sensors Development Path
Hay/Hax Upgrade
Sparse-Band Algorithms
x xx
xxx
Re
Im
∑=
=p
k
nkkn pafM
1)(
Network
Processing and Integration
SGI
SGI
Router
SGI Router
Hay
Hax
LLSGIRouter
Wash.
Switch
Combine X and Ku datato synthesize UWB radar in real-time
Combine X and Ku datato synthesize UWB radar in real-time
Demonstrate Gbits/sec bandwidth asthe enabler for advancedultra wideband imaging
Demonstrate Gbits/sec bandwidth asthe enabler for advancedultra wideband imaging
X-band(10 GHz)
Ku-band(17 GHz)
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System Network Architecture
SGI Origin
HAY Ethernet
Ethernet
Ethernet = 100 Mbit/secGBE = 1000 Mbit/sec
HAX
ISI East
Millstone Hill
Lincoln Lab.
Boston
Washington
BoSSNET
GBE
Radar Signature
Utility
Display
GBEGBE
Ethernet
Ethernet
Radar Signature
SGI Origin
Utility
Display
GBE
Ethernet
Ethernet
GBE
GBEEthernet
Ethernet
OC-48
SGI Origin
GBE
GBE
GBE
GBE
Ethernet
Ethernet
DisplayHub
UtilityHub
GBE
GBEOC-48
GBE
GBE
Ethernet
Ethernet SGI Origin
GBE
GBE
DisplayHub
UtilityHub
GB
E
GB
EO
C-4
8
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Sparse Band Processing
Mutual Coherence
Mutual Coherence
Pole Estimation
Pole Estimation
Parameter EstimationParameter Estimation
Bandwidth Synthesis
Bandwidth Synthesis
Haystack Data
HaxData
∑=
=P
k
nkkn pafM
1
)(All-pole signal model
To Imager
UWB Processing
Simulated MSTI
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WNS Program Milestones
First Software Build
Program Kickoff
SAJMMFDNSAJMMFDSM NAJ J
Final UWB Imaging Demo at ISI East
Initial UWB Imaging at LL
Sensor Upgrade Completed
Single Radar Imaging at LL
Wideband Transmission Westford to MIT/LL
AJOJAJOJA
200220012000Milestone
UWB Image(9 GHZ)
WidebandTransmission
Haystack (X band, 1 GHz)
HAX (Ku Band, 2 GHz)
Westford
Existing RxExisting Rx
New RxNew Rx
Router and
Transponder
Router and
TransponderCongress St.
SwitchCongress St.
Switch
MITMIT MIT/LLProcessing
MIT/LLProcessing
WashingtonPOP
WashingtonPOP
ISI-EastProcessing
ISI-EastProcessing
Program Milestones
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Bistatic Imaging Radar and Sparse Aperture Processing (Future)
Haystack
HAXOther radars
Bistatic receiver
MIT/LLDemonstration
Center
Washington D.C.Demonstration
CenterBoSSNET
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Summary
• Demonstrate utilization of wide bandwidth networks to fuse multiple sensor data to support C3I and Battle Management
• Packetized broadband communications is the enabler for multi-sensor coherent netting and exploitation
• Millstone testbed will provide a demonstration of wideband networked sensors at over 1 Gbits/sec:
– Wideband multi-frequency coherent processing
• Program leverages existing advances in the following areas: – BoSSNET high bandwidth long distance optical link– Haystack and Hax radars with existing Radar Open Systems
Architecture (ROSA)– Sparse Band Processing (SBP) algorithms from BMD efforts– High resolution satellite image generation and analysis tools