Wide Area Protection (WAP) for a Major Load Center using a Fast Load Shedding Scheme By Victor Wong...

Wide Area Protection (WAP) Wide Area Protection (WAP) for a Major Load Center using a for a Major Load Center using a

Fast Load Shedding SchemeFast Load Shedding Scheme

ByVictor Wong

General Manager, Power TransmissionSarawak Energy Berhad

Presented at PQ Synergy 2010, Bangkok

Tuesday, 18 April 2023Tuesday, 18 April 2023 Slide No. Slide No. 22Private and ConfidentialPrivate and ConfidentialDo not duplicate or distribute without written permission.

SEB

Introduction

Concept of WAP

WAP Architecture

Dynamic Simulation

Performance of WAP

Conclusion

OutlineOutline


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1. INTRODUCTION


SEBSarawak State Transmission GridSarawak State Transmission Grid

Similajau

Kemantan

Tg.Kidurong

Tudan

Engkilili

Btg.Ai

MatadengMukah

Sarikei

Tg.Manis

Kemena

Matang

Mambong

Selangau

Oya Road

Existing 275kV linesExisting 132kV lines

Existing 132kV substations

Existing 275kV substations

Existing power plants

Existing Power System

SejingkatBiawak

Grid System Demand : 1040MW

Installed Capacity : 1233MW

275kV Line : 767 km

(94MW hydro)

(210MW coal) (78MW diesel)

(270MW coal)

(506MW gas)

(75MW gas)


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SELANGAU 275 kV

BINTULU 275kV

ENGKILILI 275 kV

KEM

KEMENA 275kV

~

Kuching Load

450MW

~

MAMBONG 275kV

OYA 275kV

~

Sibu Load

125MW

Bintulu Load 60MW

Smelter Load 100MW

Engkilili Load 19MW

Sarikei Load 29MW

KCH P/S

SPC Coal Gen =210MW TAR Diesel Gen =78MW

BAT Hydro AI P/S BAI Gen =94MW

Bintulu Gas P/S Bin Gen=506MW

~

Mukah Coal P/S MPG

Gen=270MW

MTD 132kV

PMB 132kVMukah

Load 20MW

~

Tudan 275kV

Miri Gas P/S Miri Gen=75MW

Miri Load

135MW

230MW250MW 220MW 335MW 185MW 55MW

Bintulu Load 45MW

Sarawak 275 kV Grid System – Typical power flowSarawak 275 kV Grid System – Typical power flow


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UFLS is not effective in mitigating double circuit tripping for Sarawak power system ( 9th August 2008 Event )

Wide Area Protection (WAP)

aka System Protection Scheme (SPS)]

designed & implemented to supplement the existing UFLS to mitigate against double circuit tripped contingency

UFLS UFLS To Mitigate Double Circuit Tripped ContingencyTo Mitigate Double Circuit Tripped Contingency


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Kuching System Frequency For 9th August 2008 Event

36.00

38.00

40.00

42.00

44.00

46.00

48.00

50.00

52.00

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Time(Sec.)

Freq

uenc

y(H

z)

99thth August 2008 incident August 2008 incident Loss of both circuit Selangau-Kemena linesLoss of both circuit Selangau-Kemena lines


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2. CONCEPT OF WIDE AREA PROTECTION2. CONCEPT OF WIDE AREA PROTECTION(WAP)(WAP)


SEBConcept OF WAPConcept OF WAP

Objective of WAP deployment in Sarawak power systemSafeguard Kuching power systemAutomatic corrective measuresLoss of double circuit sectionsMambong-Engkilili-Oya-Selangau-Kemena-Bintulu

WAP system ACQUIRE generation and load informationCOMPUTE quantum of loads needed to be shed for a set of pre-defined contingent events DETECT the inception of the contingent event with sensors located strategically in the power system TRIP command to shed loads

within 150ms + CB opening time


SEBSELANGAU

DATA ACQUISITIONUNIT (DAW) AT

OYA & SELANGAU

BINTULUCB STATUS

ENGKILILI

KUCHING SYSTEM

KEM

KEMENA

SDC

33/11kV feeders

33/11kV feeders

33/11kV feeders

33/11kV feeders

CB OPENED

ARMING SIGNAL

(BASED ON PRE-DETERMINED LOAD SHEDDING TABLE)

~ ~

WAN

WIDE AREA NETWORKMonitor & Control Workstation (MCW) with fail-over facility

MAMBONG

Substation A

System Info. Collection

MW,MVAR,MWH,V,Freq MCW

MCW

~

BINTULU SYSTEM

DAW DAW DAW DAW

UR F35 UR F35 UR F35 UR F35

UR F35 Relay

OYA

Substation B Substation C Substation D

Trip Signal Trip Signal Trip Signal Trip Signal

Concept OF WAPConcept OF WAP


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3. WAP ARCHITECTURE3. WAP ARCHITECTURE


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SELANGAU

BINTULUENGKILILI

KEM

KEMENA

~~

MAMBONG OYA

~

ZONE 1 ZONE 2 ZONE 3 ZONE 4 ZONE 5

1. Zone 1 : Mambong – Detect Engkilili-Mambong Double Circuit Tripping

2. Zone 2 : Engkilili – Detect Engkilili-Kemantan-Oya Double Circuit Tripping

3. Zone 3 : Oya – Detect Oya-Selangau Double Circuit Tripping

4. Zone 4 : Selangau – Detect Selangau-Kemena Double Circuit Tripping

5. Zone 5 : Kemena – Detect Kemena-Bintulu Double Circuit Tripping

~

WAP ARCHITECTUREWAP ARCHITECTURE


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MCW 1 MCW 2 Client Historian

Printer

GSP Time

Monitor &Control Workstation (MCW)

with fail-over facility

Ethernet Switch

Ethernet Switch

DAW

Protection Relay

Feeder Energy Meter

Feeder Energy Meter

Feeder Energy Meter

RS 485

Etherne

t

Ethernet Switch

DAW

Protection Relay

Feeder Energy Meter

Feeder Energy Meter

Feeder Energy Meter

RS 485

Etherne

t

Wide Area Network(WAN)

WAP

Local Substation Local Substation

SDC

Setup of the Wide Area Protection System


SEBMain Control Workstation (MCW)Main Control Workstation (MCW)

Collect the data i.e MW, MAVR, frequency, CB Status, MWH and voltage from all 35 DAWs.

Perform data conversion from data collected and stores the data at its internal process database (PDB).

Send selected data to historian server for data archival and to client HMI for operator display.

Perform deficit calculation on 3 minutes interval to update WAP load shedding table for each zones.

Send out arming or disarming signal to all affected feeders.

Disable or enable WAP scheme


SEBData Acquisition Unit (DAW)Data Acquisition Unit (DAW)

Collects and stores WAP related data from protection relays and energy meters in real time using Modbus protocolSends the data upon request by the MCWReceives arming information, selection criteria, and zone status from MCW and stores them in the internal table every 3 minutesMonitors IEC 61850 GOOSE messages for double-circuit tripped status originating from EHV substationsPerforms logic operations based on the arming table and predefined WAP logic schemeSend tripping signal to protection relay to execute tripping EHV substationsDAW receives 275kV double circuit lines CB status (IEC 61850 GOOSE messages) from protection relays and relays them to the other substations


SEBHuman-Machine Interface (HMI)Human-Machine Interface (HMI)

Operator displayLocal control request/completed notificationLow WAP margin Low WAP selection Double-circuit tripping detectionAutomatic failover WAP faultyCommunication error at any of the substationsDisable or enable WAP schemeRemove or add in substations/feeders from load shedding table


SEB


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4. DYNAMIC SIMULATION4. DYNAMIC SIMULATION


SEBDynamic Simulation


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4. PERFORMANCE OF WAP4. PERFORMANCE OF WAP


SEBPerformance Of WAP on 31Performance Of WAP on 31stst October 2009 October 2009

WAP Zone Operated = OYAPower import @ Oya= 290MWOya-Selangau double-circuit tripped

Islanded Kuching power systemLoad demand = 462MWLocal generation = 172MWSystem frequency dip to 48.84Hz recovered steadily to 50.66Hz.

Load shedded by WAP Oya Zone310MW 138 feedersaverage WAP operating time : 108.65 ms + CB operating time

WAP deployed successfully to save Kuching power system from collapse


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Table 1 : Summary of SPS PerformanceTable 1 : Summary of SPS Performance

Incident MW LossAmount of Load

Shed By SPSTotal feeders shed by SPS

Freq (Hz) Dip Post Steady State

Freq (Hz)

OYA-SLG Lines double circuit

tripping290MW 310.1MW 138 48.85 50.66

Table 2 : SPS Operating Time (excluding CB opening time)Table 2 : SPS Operating Time (excluding CB opening time)

WAP Operating Time (ms)Number Of

FeedersWAP Operating Time (ms)

Number Of Feeders

10-20 2 90-100 920-30 24 100-110 030-40 0 110-120 040-50 0 120-130 4650-60 0 130-140 2760-70 0 140-150 2370-80 0 150-160 780-90 0 160-170 0

Total Feeders Shed By WAP 138 Average WAP operating Time 108.65

WAP Performance on 31 October 2009 IncidentWAP Performance on 31 October 2009 Incident Oya-Selangau Double Circuit Tripping Oya-Selangau Double Circuit Tripping


SEB31 October 2009 Incident

Actual and Simulation response

45.00

46.00

47.00

48.00

49.00

50.00

51.00

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Time(Sec.)

Fre

quen

cy(H

z)

31102009 Actual system frequency response with WAP operated -captured by disturbance recorderSimulated System frequency response with WAPSimulated System frequency response with UFLS

48.84Hz 48.60Hz

45.72Hz


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6. CONCLUSION6. CONCLUSION


SEBConclusionConclusion

WAP scheme operation was validated

Significantly enhance Kuching power system supply security

Allows greater flexibility in system operation

Allows more economic generation dispatch


SEB

Thank YouThank You

Any Question?Any Question?

Wide Area Protection (WAP) for a Major Load Center using a Fast Load Shedding Scheme By Victor Wong...

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