Wi-Fi Display Technical Specification v1.0.0

2012 Wi-Fi Alliance. All Rights Reserved. Used with the permission of the Wi-Fi Alliance under the terms set forth above.

Wi-Fi Alliance Technical Committee Wi-Fi Display Technical Task Group

Wi-Fi Display

Technical Specification Version 1.0.0

This document is the specification for the

Wi-Fi Alliance Wi-Fi CERTIFIED Miracast program, a solution for wireless video streaming.

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Wi-Fi Display Technical Specification - Version 1.0.0


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Document History Version Date Notes

v1.0.0 8/24/2012 V1.0.0 created with some minor editorial corrections



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Table of Contents Contents .......................................................................................................................................................... 3 1 Introduction ...........................................................................................................................................11

1.1 Scope of This Document ...............................................................................................................11 2 Definitions .............................................................................................................................................12

2.1 Abbreviations ................................................................................................................................12 3 WFD Architecture and Requirements ...................................................................................................15

3.1 WFD Source, Primary Sink, Secondary Sink and WFD Session ..................................................16 3.1.1 WFD Source ..........................................................................................................................16 3.1.2 WFD Sink(s) ..........................................................................................................................16

3.1.2.1 Primary Sink: .....................................................................................................................16 3.1.2.2 Secondary Sink: .................................................................................................................18

3.1.3 Requirements for WFD Devices under Coupled Sink Operation ..........................................18 3.1.4 WFD Session .........................................................................................................................19

3.2 WFD Connection Topology ..........................................................................................................20 3.2.1 Wi-Fi P2P ..............................................................................................................................20 3.2.2 TDLS .....................................................................................................................................20

3.3 Functions and Services ..................................................................................................................20 3.3.1 Basic Wi-Fi Functions and Services ......................................................................................20 3.3.2 Wi-Fi Display Specific Functions and Services ....................................................................21

3.4 Encoder/Decoder Characteristics ...................................................................................................22 3.4.1 Audio .....................................................................................................................................22 3.4.2 Video .....................................................................................................................................23 3.4.3 Stereoscopic 3D video ...........................................................................................................26

4 WFD Session Functional Description and Procedures .......................................................................28 4.1 Reference Model............................................................................................................................28 4.2 WFD Connection Setup, WFD Session Establishment and Management Functions ....................29 4.3 WFD Device Discovery .................................................................................................................30 4.4 WFD Service Discovery ................................................................................................................31 4.5 WFD Connection Setup .................................................................................................................31

4.5.1 Connectivity Scheme Resolution ...........................................................................................32 4.5.2 Establishing a WFD Connection using Wi-Fi P2P ................................................................33

4.5.2.1 Usage of a WFD IE to establish P2P connection ...............................................................33 4.5.3 Establish a WFD Connection using TDLS ............................................................................34 4.5.4 Establishing a TCP connection ..............................................................................................34

4.6 WFD Capability Negotiation .........................................................................................................35 4.7 Link Content Protection Setup .......................................................................................................36 4.8 WFD Session Establishment..........................................................................................................37 4.9 Coupled Sink Operation ................................................................................................................39

4.9.1 Primary and Secondary Sink Coupling ..................................................................................42 4.9.2 WFD Device Discovery .........................................................................................................43 4.9.3 WFD Service Discovery ........................................................................................................43 4.9.4 WFD Device Pairing .............................................................................................................44



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4.9.5 WFD Capability Negotiation .................................................................................................44 4.9.6 WFD Session Establishment ..................................................................................................44

4.10 AV Streaming and Control ............................................................................................................45 4.10.1 Time Synchronization ............................................................................................................45 4.10.2 AV Streaming ........................................................................................................................46 4.10.3 AV Encoding Rate Control ....................................................................................................48

4.10.3.1 Video Frame skipping ....................................................................................................48 4.10.3.2 Explicit AV format change ............................................................................................49

4.10.4 AV Session Control ...............................................................................................................50 4.10.5 WFD video recovery .............................................................................................................50

4.11 User Input Back Channel ...............................................................................................................50 4.11.1 UIBC Data Encapsulation ......................................................................................................50 4.11.2 UIBC Establishment and Maintenance ..................................................................................52 4.11.3 UIBC Input Body ...................................................................................................................53

4.11.3.1 Generic Input Body Format ...........................................................................................53 4.11.3.2 HIDC Input Body Format ..............................................................................................57

4.12 WFD Session and WFD Connection Termination .........................................................................58 4.12.1 Termination of a WFD Connection Using Wi-Fi P2P ...........................................................59 4.12.2 Termination of a WFD Connection Using TDLS ..................................................................59

4.13 Persistent WFD Groups .................................................................................................................59 4.13.1 Persistent WFD Group over Wi-Fi P2P .................................................................................59 4.13.2 Persistent WFD Group over TDLS ........................................................................................59

4.13.2.1 Formation of a Persistent WFD Group over TDLS .......................................................59 4.13.2.2 Operation of a Persistent WFD Group over TDLS ........................................................60 4.13.2.3 Termination of a Persistent WFD Group over TDLS ....................................................60

4.14 WFD MAC Procedures -- Concurrency ........................................................................................61 4.14.1 Concurrent WLAN access with Wi-Fi P2P ...........................................................................61 4.14.2 Concurrent WLAN access with TDLS ..................................................................................61

4.15 WFD Standby ................................................................................................................................61 5 Frame Formats .......................................................................................................................................64

5.1 WFD Information Element ............................................................................................................64 5.1.1 WFD IE Format .....................................................................................................................64 5.1.2 WFD Device Information Subelement ..................................................................................65 5.1.3 Associated BSSID Subelement ..............................................................................................67 5.1.4 Coupled Sink Information Subelement ..................................................................................67

5.1.4.1 Coupled Sink Status Bitmap ..............................................................................................68 5.1.5 WFD Video Formats Subelement ..........................................................................................68

5.1.5.1 CEA Resolutions/Refresh Rates Bitmap ...........................................................................69 5.1.5.2 VESA Resolutions/Refresh Rates Bitmap .........................................................................70 5.1.5.3 HH Resolutions/Refresh Rates Bitmap ..............................................................................71 5.1.5.4 Native Resolutions/Refresh Rates Bitmap .........................................................................72 5.1.5.5 Profiles Bitmap ..................................................................................................................72 5.1.5.6 Levels Bitmap ....................................................................................................................73 5.1.5.7 Slice Encoding Parameters Bitmap ....................................................................................73



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5.1.5.8 Video Frame Rate Control Support Bitmap .......................................................................74 5.1.6 WFD 3D Video Formats Subelement ....................................................................................74

5.1.6.1 3D Video Capability Bitmap .............................................................................................75 5.1.7 WFD Audio Formats Subelement..........................................................................................76

5.1.7.1 LPCM Modes Bitmap ........................................................................................................78 5.1.7.2 AAC Modes Bitmap ..........................................................................................................78 5.1.7.3 AC3 Modes Bitmap ...........................................................................................................79

5.1.8 Content Protection Subelement .............................................................................................79 5.1.8.1 Content Protection Bitmap ................................................................................................79

5.1.9 WFD Extended Capability Subelement .................................................................................80 5.1.9.1 WFD Extended Capabilities Bitmap ..................................................................................80

5.1.10 Local IP Address Subelement ................................................................................................80 5.1.11 WFD Session Information Subelement .................................................................................81 5.1.12 Alternative MAC Address Subelement .................................................................................82

5.2 Management Frames ......................................................................................................................82 5.2.1 Beacon Frame Format............................................................................................................82 5.2.2 Probe Request Frame Format ................................................................................................83

5.2.2.1 Tunneled Probe Request/Response ....................................................................................83 5.2.3 Probe Response Frame ..........................................................................................................84 5.2.4 Association/Reassociation Request Frame ............................................................................85 5.2.5 Association/Reassociation Response Frame ..........................................................................85 5.2.6 P2P Public Action Frames .....................................................................................................86

5.2.6.1 GO Negotiation Request Frame .........................................................................................86 5.2.6.2 GO Negotiation Response Frame ......................................................................................86 5.2.6.3 GO Negotiation Confirmation Frame ................................................................................87 5.2.6.4 P2P Invitation Request Frame ...........................................................................................87 5.2.6.5 P2P Invitation Response Frame .........................................................................................88 5.2.6.6 Provision Discovery Request Frame ..................................................................................88 5.2.6.7 Provision Discovery Response Frame ...............................................................................89

5.2.7 Service Discovery Action Frames .........................................................................................89 5.2.7.1 WFD Service Discovery ....................................................................................................89

6 RTSP Based WFD Control Plane ..........................................................................................................92 6.1 RTSP Data Structures ....................................................................................................................92

6.1.1 ABNF Definitions ..................................................................................................................92 6.1.2 wfd-audio-codecs ...................................................................................................................92 6.1.3 wfd-video-formats .................................................................................................................93 6.1.4 wfd-3d-formats ......................................................................................................................94 6.1.5 wfd-content-protection ..........................................................................................................95 6.1.6 wfd-display-edid ....................................................................................................................95 6.1.7 wfd-coupled-sink ...................................................................................................................97 6.1.8 wfd-trigger-method ................................................................................................................97 6.1.9 wfd-presentation-url ..............................................................................................................97 6.1.10 wfd-client-rtp-ports ................................................................................................................98 6.1.11 wfd-route ...............................................................................................................................99



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6.1.12 wfd-I2C ..................................................................................................................................99 6.1.13 wfd-av-format-change-timing ..............................................................................................100 6.1.14 wfd-preferred-display-mode ................................................................................................100 6.1.15 wfd-uibc-capability ..............................................................................................................103 6.1.16 wfd-uibc-setting ...................................................................................................................104 6.1.17 wfd-standby-resume-capability ...........................................................................................104 6.1.18 wfd-standby .........................................................................................................................104 6.1.19 wfd-connector-type ..............................................................................................................104 6.1.20 wfd-idr-request ....................................................................................................................105

6.2 WFD RTSP methods ...................................................................................................................105 6.2.1 WFD RTSP OPTIONS ........................................................................................................106 6.2.2 GET_PARAMETER ...........................................................................................................107 6.2.3 SET_PARAMETER ............................................................................................................107 6.2.4 SETUP .................................................................................................................................108 6.2.5 PLAY ...................................................................................................................................109 6.2.6 PAUSE ................................................................................................................................109 6.2.7 TEARDOWN ......................................................................................................................109

6.3 RTSP Parameters .........................................................................................................................109 6.4 RTSP Messages ...........................................................................................................................112

6.4.1 RTSP M1 Message ..............................................................................................................114 6.4.2 RTSP M2 Message ..............................................................................................................114 6.4.3 RTSP M3 Message ..............................................................................................................114 6.4.4 RTSP M4 Message ..............................................................................................................115 6.4.5 RTSP M5 Message ..............................................................................................................116 6.4.6 RTSP M6 Message ..............................................................................................................117 6.4.7 RTSP M7 Message ..............................................................................................................117 6.4.8 RTSP M8 Message ..............................................................................................................118 6.4.9 RTSP M9 Message ..............................................................................................................118 6.4.10 RTSP M10 Message ............................................................................................................119 6.4.11 RTSP M11 Message ............................................................................................................119 6.4.12 RTSP M12 Message ............................................................................................................119 6.4.13 RTSP M13 Message ............................................................................................................120 6.4.14 RTSP M14 Message ............................................................................................................120 6.4.15 RTSP M15 Message ............................................................................................................121 6.4.16 RTSP M16 Message ............................................................................................................121

6.5 RTSP Timeout .............................................................................................................................121 6.5.1 WFD keep-alive ...................................................................................................................122 6.5.2 Timeout before RTSP Procedure .........................................................................................122

6.6 RTSP Syntax remark ...................................................................................................................122 6.6.1 CSeq ....................................................................................................................................123 6.6.2 Delimiter for parameters ......................................................................................................123 6.6.3 Message header....................................................................................................................123 6.6.4 Content-Encoding ................................................................................................................123 6.6.5 Case Sensitivity ...................................................................................................................123



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6.6.6 Content-Length and Content-Type ......................................................................................123 7 Remote I2C Read/Write Messaging Transaction ................................................................................124

7.1 Remote_I2C_Read_Request ........................................................................................................125 7.2 Remote_I2C_Write_Request .......................................................................................................126 7.3 Remote_I2C_Read_Reply_Ack ..................................................................................................127 7.4 Remote_I2C_Read_Reply_Nak ..................................................................................................127 7.5 Remote_I2C_Write_Reply_Ack ..................................................................................................128 7.6 Remote_I2C_Write_Reply_Nak ..................................................................................................128

8 Preferred Display Mode.......................................................................................................................129 8.1 Overview .....................................................................................................................................129 8.2 Preferred Display Mode Operation ..............................................................................................129

References ...................................................................................................................................................131 Annex-A. MPEG System Layer (informative) .....................................................................................133 Annex-B. MPEG-TS Parameters for Audio and Video Elementary Streams (normative) ...................134 B.1 Encapsulation of MPEG2-TS into RTP Packets ...................................................................................139 Annex-C. Recommendations for Satisfying the HDCP 2.0/2.1 Locality Check (informative) ............141 Annex-D. H.264 and H.222 Usage Detail (normative) ........................................................................142 D.1 Slice Usage ...........................................................................................................................................142 D.1.1 Multiple Slices in a Picture ................................................................................................................142 D.2 Frame Packing Arrangement SEI .........................................................................................................142 D.3 SEI and VUI .........................................................................................................................................145 D.4 H.222 usage ..........................................................................................................................................145 D.4.1 PTS/DTS for video stream .................................................................................................................145 D.4.2 PAT/PMT ..........................................................................................................................................145 D.4.3 Program and program element descriptors in PMT ...........................................................................145 D.4.3.1 AVC timing and HRD descriptor ...................................................................................................145 D.4.3.2 other descriptors .............................................................................................................................145 Annex-E. RTSP message examples (informative) ...................................................................................147 E.1 From RTSP M1 to M7 without errors ...................................................................................................147 E.2 RTSP M4 with error case ......................................................................................................................149



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List of Tables Table 3-1 : Functions and Services ................................................................................................................22 Table 3-2 : Optional Audio CODEC Formats ...............................................................................................23 Table 3-3 : Wi-Fi Display H.264 Profiles .....................................................................................................24 Table 3-4 : Supported Video Resolutions and frame rates ............................................................................26 Table 3-5 : Wi-Fi Display Supported Configurations for 3D Video .............................................................27 Table 4-1 : Connectivity Scheme Resolution ................................................................................................32 Table 4-2 : Connectivity Resolution Scheme when using Secondary Sinks .................................................44 Table 4-3 : Input Category Code ...................................................................................................................51 Table 4-4 : Generic Input Message Format ...................................................................................................53 Table 4-5 : Generic Input Type ID for User Inputs of the Generic Category ................................................54 Table 4-6 : Describe Field of the Generic Input Message for Left Mouse Down/Touch Down ....................54 Table 4-7 : Describe Field of the Generic Input Message for Left Mouse Up/Touch Up .............................54 Table 4-8 : Describe Field of the Generic Input Message for Left Mouse Move/Touch Move ....................55 Table 4-9 : Describe Field of the Generic Input Message for Key Down .....................................................55 Table 4-10 : Describe Field of the Generic Input Message for Key Up ........................................................55 Table 4-11 : Describe Field of the Generic Input Message for Zoom ...........................................................56 Table 4-12 : Describe Field of the Generic Input Message for Vertical Scroll .............................................56 Table 4-13 : Describe Field of the Generic Input Message for Horizontal Scroll .........................................57 Table 4-14 : Describe Field of the Generic Input Message for Rotate ..........................................................57 Table 4-15 : HIDC Message Format .............................................................................................................57 Table 4-16 : HID Input Path ..........................................................................................................................58 Table 4-17 : HID Type ..................................................................................................................................58 Table 5-1 : WFD IE Format ..........................................................................................................................64 Table 5-2 : General Format of a WFD Subelement .......................................................................................64 Table 5-3 : WFD Subelement ID Definitions ................................................................................................65 Table 5-4 : WFD Device Information Subelement ........................................................................................66 Table 5-5 : WFD Device Information Field ..................................................................................................67 Table 5-6 : Associated BSSID Subelement ...................................................................................................67 Table 5-7 : Coupled Sink Information Subelement .......................................................................................68 Table 5-8 : Coupled Sink Status Bitmap .......................................................................................................68 Table 5-9 : WFD Video Formats Subelement ...............................................................................................69 Table 5-10 : Supported CEA Resolution/Refresh Rates ................................................................................70 Table 5-11 : Supported VESA Resolution/Refresh Rates .............................................................................71 Table 5-12 : Supported HH Resolutions/Refresh Rates ................................................................................72 Table 5-13 : Display Native Resolution Refresh Rate ...................................................................................72 Table 5-14 : Profiles Bitmap .........................................................................................................................73 Table 5-15 : Maximum H.264 Level Supported ............................................................................................73 Table 5-16 : Slice Encoding parameters bitmap ............................................................................................74 Table 5-17 : Video Frame Rate Control Support Bitmap ..............................................................................74 Table 5-18 : WFD 3D Video Formats Subelement .......................................................................................75 Table 5-19 : Supported 3D Video Formats ....................................................................................................76 Table 5-20 : WFD Audio Formats Subelement .............................................................................................78



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Table 5-21 : LPCM Modes bitmap ................................................................................................................78 Table 5-22 : AAC Codec bitmap ...................................................................................................................79 Table 5-23: AC3 Modes bitmap ....................................................................................................................79 Table 5-24 : Content Protection Subelement .................................................................................................79 Table 5-25 : Content Protection Bitmap ........................................................................................................79 Table 5-26 : WFD Extended Capability Subelement ....................................................................................80 Table 5-27 : WFD Extended Capabilities Bitmap .........................................................................................80 Table 5-28 : Local IP Address Subelement ...................................................................................................81 Table 5-29 : WFD Session Information Subelement .....................................................................................81 Table 5-30 : WFD Device Info Descriptor field ............................................................................................82 Table 5-31 : Alternative MAC Address subelement .....................................................................................82 Table 5-32 : WFD Subelements in a Beacon Frame .....................................................................................83 Table 5-33 : WFD Subelements in a Probe Request Frame ..........................................................................83 Table 5-34 : Tunneled Probe Request/Response ...........................................................................................84 Table 5-35 : WFD Subelements in a Probe Response Frame ........................................................................85 Table 5-36 : WFD Subelements in an Association/Reassociation Request Frame ........................................85 Table 5-37 : WFD Subelements in an Association/Reassociation Response Frame .....................................86 Table 5-38 : WFD Subelements in a GO Negotiation Request Frame ..........................................................86 Table 5-39 : WFD Subelements in a GO Negotiation Response Frame ........................................................86 Table 5-40 : WFD Subelements in a GO Negotiation Confirmation Frame ..................................................87 Table 5-41 : WFD Subelements in a P2P Invitation Request Frame .............................................................87 Table 5-42 : WFD Subelements in a P2P Invitation Response Frame ..........................................................88 Table 5-43 : WFD Subelements in a Provision Discovery Request Frame ...................................................88 Table 5-44 : WFD Subelements in a Provision Discovery Response Frame .................................................89 Table 5-45 : Query data format for a WFD Service Discovery Query frame ................................................90 Table 5-46 : Information Subelement in WFD IE at WFD Service Discovery Response .............................91 Table 6-1 : wfd-url0 and wfd-url1 values in wfd-presentation-url ................................................................98 Table 6-2 : wfd-client-rtp-ports parameter values in M3 response message .................................................99 Table 6-3 : wfd-client-rtp-ports parameter values in M3 response message and corresponding values in the subsequent M4/M6 request message .............................................................................................................99 Table 6-4 : Preferred Display mode 2d-s3d-modes field descriptions .........................................................102 Table 6-5: Preferred Display mode P-depth field description .....................................................................103 Table 6-6 : Display Connector Type field ...................................................................................................105 Table 6-7 : RTSP methods that the WFD Source and/or WFD Sink can invoke ........................................107 Table 6-8 : Reason Code for RTSP M4 response in WFD ..........................................................................108 Table 6-9 : Summary of RTSP Parameters ..................................................................................................112 Table 6-10 : List of defined RTSP messages and their identifiers...............................................................114 Table 7-1 : Remote_I2C_Read_Request .....................................................................................................126 Table 7-2 : Remote_I2C_Write_Request ....................................................................................................127 Table 7-3 : Remote_I2C_Read_Reply_Ack ................................................................................................127 Table 7-4 : Remote_I2C_Read_Reply_Nak ................................................................................................127 Table 7-5 : Remote_I2C_Write_Reply_Ack ...............................................................................................128 Table 7-6 : Remote_I2C_Write_Reply_Nak ...............................................................................................128



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List of Figures Figure 3-1 : Logical Data and Control Plane Connections ............................................................................15 Figure 3-2 : Example of WFD Topology ......................................................................................................16 Figure 3-3 : Audio-only WFD Session ..........................................................................................................19 Figure 3-4 : Video-only WFD Session ..........................................................................................................19 Figure 3-5 : Audio and video WFD Session ..................................................................................................19 Figure 3-6 : WFD Session under Coupled Sink Operation............................................................................19 Figure 3-7 : WFD Connection using Wi-Fi P2P ...........................................................................................20 Figure 3-8 : TDLS Topology .........................................................................................................................20 Figure 4-1 : Reference Model for Session Management in WFD Devices....................................................28 Figure 4-2 : Reference Model Audio/Video Payload Processing ..................................................................29 Figure 4-3 : Tunneled Probing when TDLS is used ......................................................................................31 Figure 4-4 : WFD Capability Negotiation (or coupling) Flow using RTSP ..................................................36 Figure 4-5 : Time-line of a WFD Session .....................................................................................................38 Figure 4-6 : Timeline of a WFD Session with a Secondary Sink ..................................................................41 Figure 4-7 : Eliminating Network Jitter using RTP .......................................................................................46 Figure 4-8 : WFD AV Packet Format ...........................................................................................................47 Figure 4-9 : Encapsulations of User Inputs over TCP/IP ..............................................................................51 Figure 4-10 : UIBC Capability Negotiation ..................................................................................................52 Figure 4-11 : UIBC Update ...........................................................................................................................53 Figure 6-1 : Block Structure of EDID data ....................................................................................................96 Figure 6-2 : Capability Exchange and Preferred-Display-mode ..................................................................101 Figure 6-3 : Display Timing Parameters .....................................................................................................103 Figure 6-4 : Triggering the WFD Sink to send an RTSP request message ..................................................117 Figure 7-1 : Remote I2C Transaction Example ...........................................................................................125 Figure 8-1 : Typical Operation Flow to determine the Preferred Display mode .........................................130



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1 Introduction This document is the Technical Specification for Wi-Fi Display, an interoperable mechanism to discover, pair, connect and render multimedia content sourced from a Wi-Fi Display Source at a Wi-Fi Display Sink. This Specification defines the architecture and a set of protocols between Wi-Fi Display Source and Sink.

1.1 Scope of This Document This Specification meets all the requirements set forth in the Wi-Fi Display Specification Requirements Document. This Specification also includes a set of annexes that specify implementation requirements and provide implementation guidelines. The scope of this Specification is confined to the requirements outlined by the Wi-Fi Display SRD [18], MRD [16], and Use cases [17]. The content in this Specification is designed to ensure interoperability between Wi-Fi Display Source and Sink where Wi-Fi Display (WFD) Devices can be discoverable by, paired and establish WFD Session(s) with other WFD Device(s), and provide guidelines to enhance performance and user experience. The following system requirement areas are covered:

WFD device discovery

WFD capability discovery

WFD Connection establishment

WFD Session establishment

Payload formats for video and audio streams from WFD Source to WFD Sink

Transport and multiplex protocol for video and audio payload

Link Content Protection

WFD Session termination

Persistent WFD Groups



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2 Definitions The following definitions and terms are used in this document: AP: Wi-Fi Access Point Coupled Sink Operation: An operation hereby a WFD Source transmits video content to a Primary Sink and transmits audio content to a Secondary Sink, after coupling is established between the Primary Sink and the Secondary Sink. Coupling: A procedure to exchange capabilities between a Primary Sink and a Secondary Sink so that a WFD Source can know the presence of both the Primary Sink and the Secondary Sink if the one of them is discovered via WFD Device Discovery. Once this procedure is done, the Primary Sink and the Secondary Sink is said to be Coupled and both are in Coupled state. Paired: A WFD Source and a WFD Sink are said to be paired if they have successfully completed WFD Capability Negotiation. Primary Sink: A Primary Sink is a device that supports rendering video content only or both audio and video contents. A Primary Sink may support Coupled Sink Operation. Rendering: The process of generating an image or sound from a set of data. Secondary Sink: A Secondary Sink is a device that supports rendering audio content only. A Secondary Sink may support Coupled Sink Operation. A Secondary Sink also supports rendering audio content directly from a WFD Source regardless of the coupling status with Primary Sink or the presence of the Primary Sink. WFD Session: 1) A Wi-Fi Display connection between a WFD Source and a WFD Sink or 2) a Wi-Fi Display connections between a WFD Source and a Primary Sink and between a WFD Source and a Secondary Sink, where content is sourced at the WFD Source and rendered at the WFD Sink(s). WFD Topology: The arrangement in which the Wi-Fi Display Source and Sink are connected to each other for a WFD Session and (in some cases) to other Wi-Fi devices. Wi-Fi P2P: A protocol that provides Wi-Fi device-to-device connectivity including discovery and pairing, without requiring an AP. Specification: Within this document, the term Specification is used to refer to this document, i.e., the Wi-Fi Display Technical Specification. WFD Connection: Layer 2 connection to be used for WFD. Wi-Fi Display Device (or WFD Device): Either a WFD Source or a WFD Sink Wi-Fi Display Source (or WFD Source): A device that supports streaming multimedia content to a WFD Sink(s) over a Wi-Fi link. Wi-Fi Display Sink (or WFD Sink): A device that receives multimedia content from a WFD Source over a Wi-Fi link and renders it. A WFD Sink is either a Primary Sink or a Secondary Sink. Wi-Fi Display Sink dongle (or WFD Sink dongle): a WFD Sink that supports outputting a video and/or audio signal to an external rendering device.

2.1 Abbreviations AAC Advanced Audio Coding ADTS Audio Data Transport Stream AKE Authentication and Key Interchange AP Wi-Fi Access Point ASCII American Standard Code for Information Exchange ASO Arbitrary Slice Ordering AU Access Unit AV Audio Video



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BSS Basic Service Set BSSID Basic Service Set Identifier CABAC Context Adaptive Binary Arithmetic Coding CAVLC Context Adaptive Variable Length Coding Cb Blue difference Chroma component CBP (H.264) Constrained Baseline Profile CD Compact Disk CEA Consumer Electronics Association CHP Constrained High Profile CODEC COmpressorDECompressor CP Content Protection Cr Red difference Chroma component DA Destination Address DTS Decode Timestamp DTV Digital Television E-DDC Enhanced Display Data Channel EDID Extended Display Identification Data FMO Flexible Macroblock Ordering GO P2P Group Owner GOP Group of Pictures gPTP generalized Precision Time Protocol HDCP High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection HDMI High Definition Media Interface HH Handheld HID Human Interface Device HIDC Human Interface Device Class IE Information Element IEC International Electrotechnical Commission IEEE Institution of Electrical and Electronic Engineers IETF Internet Engineering Task Force IP Internet Protocol ISO International Standards Organization ITU International Telecommunication Union L2 OSI Layer 2, a Data Link Layer protocol L3 OSI Layer 3, a Network Layer protocol LAN Local Area Network LLC Logical Link Control LPCM Linear Pulse Coded Modulation MAC Medium Access Control MBAFF Macroblock-Adaptive Frame-Field Coding MPEG Moving Picture Experts Group MRD Marketing Requirements Document NAL Network Abstraction Layer OOB Out-Of-Box



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OUI Organizationally Unique Identifier (Wi-Fi) P2P (Wi-Fi) Peer-to-peer (used as a name of a topology or a technology,

which has a certification program name as Wi-Fi Direct) PAT Program Association Table PC Preferred Connectivity PCR Program Clock Reference PES Packetized Elementary Stream PHY Physical Layer PicAFF Picture Adaptive Frame/Field Coding PID Packet Identifier PMT Program Map Table PSH PUSH flag PTS Presentation Timestamp QP Quantization Parameter RFC Request for Comment RS Redundant Slices RTP Real-time Protocol RTSP Real Time Streaming Protocol SCR System Clock Reference SEI Supplemental Enhancement Information SKE Session Key Exchange SNAP SubNetwork Access Protocol SRD Specification Requirements Document SSID Service Set Identifier STA Non-AP Station TCP Transmission Control Protocol TDLS Tunneled Direct Link Setup (See [13]) TLV Type-Length-Value TOS Type of Service TS Transport Stream UDP Universal Datagram Protocol UIBC User Input Back Channel URG Urgent Flag URI Universal Resource Identifier URL Universal Resource Locator USB Universal Serial Bus VCL Video Coding Layer VESA Video Electronics Standards Association WFD Wi-Fi Display WLAN Wireless Local Area Network WPA2 Wi-Fi Protected Access 2 WSD Wi-Fi Display Service Discovery



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3 WFD Architecture and Requirements Figure 3-1 illustrates the functional blocks in the Wi-Fi Display data and control planes. The data plane consists of video codec (section 3.4.2 and 3.4.3), audio codec (section 3.4.1), PES packetization (Annex-B), the HDCP system 2.0/2.1 (section 4.7), and MPEG2-TS over RTP/UDP/IP (section 4.10.2 and Annex-B). The control plane consists of RTSP over TCP/IP (section 6), remote I2C Read/Write (section 7), UIBC with HIDC and generic user input (section 4.11), and the HDCP session key establishment (section 4.7). The Wi-Fi P2P/TDLS block forms the layer-2 connectivity using either Wi-Fi P2P or TDLS as described in section 4.5.

TCP

Control(RTSP)

Cap

abili

ty N

egot

iatio

n, S

essi

on E

stab

lishm

ent,

Mai

nten

annc

e an

d M

anag

emen

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etup

and

Dis

cove

ry A

ssis

t

RTP

UDP

IP

Wi-Fi P2P / TDLS and Wi-Fi Protected Setup

UIBCCapsulation

Use

r Inp

ut D

ata

Generic

HID

C

HD

CP2

.0 C

ontr

ol M

essa

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MPEG2-TS

PESpacketization

Audiocodec

Videocodec

HDCP 2.0 / 2.1

RemoteI2CR/W

I2C

Dat

a

Figure 3-1 : Logical Data and Control Plane Connections



Page 16 of 149

3.1 WFD Source, Primary Sink, Secondary Sink and WFD Session

Figure 3-2 shows a simplified example of WFD Topology of the WFD Devices in a WFD Session. Here one WFD Source and one Primary Sink are connected for AV streaming and stream control signaling. Other variations of the WFD Topologies and WFD Sessions are shown in the following sub-sections.

Figure 3-2 : Example of WFD Topology

3.1.1 WFD Source A WFD Source shall support a single WFD Session. Support of more than one WFD Session is outside the scope of this Specification.

During a WFD Session, a WFD Source shall transmit an MPEG2-TS ([2]) to one WFD Sink.

A WFD Source shall support transmitting an MPEG2-TS that contains multiplexed a single audio and a single video elementary streams.

A WFD Source may choose to transmit an MPEG2-TS that contains only a video elementary stream.

A WFD Source may choose to transmit an MPEG2-TS that contains only an audio elementary stream.

If a WFD Source is connected to a Primary Sink and depending on the capability of the Primary Sink or content itself to be streamed or users choice, the WFD Source may transmit an MPEG2-TS that contains either 1) an audio elementary stream and a video elementary stream or 2) only a video elementary stream.

If a WFD Source is connected to a Primary Sink and depending on the capability of the Primary Sink or content itself to be streamed or users choice, the WFD Source may transmit an MPEG2-TS that contains only an audio elementary stream.

If a WFD Source is connected to a Secondary Sink, the MPEG2-TS shall contain only an audio elementary stream.

Table 3-1 summarizes the required capabilities of a WFD Source.

3.1.2 WFD Sink(s) A WFD sink shall support a single WFD Session. Support of more than one WFD Session is outside the scope of this Specification. Two types of WFD sinks are defined, i.e., a Primary Sink and a Secondary Sink.

3.1.2.1 Primary Sink: During a WFD Session, a Primary Sink shall support receiving an MPEG2-TS from one WFD Source.

A Primary Sink shall support receiving an MPEG2-TS that contains multiplexed single audio elementary stream and single video elementary stream.

A Primary Sink shall support receiving an MPEG2-TS that contains only a video elementary stream.

A Primary Sink may support receiving an MPEG2-TS that contains only an audio elementary stream.

If a Primary Sink has an integrated video rendering function, the Primary Sink shall support one of following:

WFD Source Primary Sink

video payload

audio payload

control



Page 17 of 149

(a) render the video content included in the received MPEG2-TS that contains multiplexed single audio elementary stream and single video elementary stream.

(b) output the video content included in the received MPEG2-TS that contains multiplexed single audio elementary stream and single video elementary stream to an externally connected video rendering device.

If a Primary Sink supports both of (a) and (b) above, the Primary sink may choose one operation depending on local policy (e.g., detecting attachment or detachment of an external rendering device) or a user may choose one operation. If a Primary Sink has an integrated video rendering function, the Primary Sink shall support one of following: (a) render the video content included in the received MPEG2-TS that contains only a video elementary

stream. (b) output the video content included in the received MPEG2-TS that contains only a video elementary

stream to an externally connected video rendering device.

If a Primary Sink supports both of (a) and (b) above, the Primary Sink may choose one operation depending on local policy (e.g., detecting attachment or detachment of an external rendering device) or a user may configure the Primary Sink to choose one operation. If a Primary Sink does not have an integrated video rendering function, the Primary Sink shall support outputting the video content included in the received MPEG2-TS that contains multiplexed single audio elementary stream and single video elementary stream to an externally connected video rendering device. If a Primary Sink does not have an integrated video rendering function, the Primary Sink shall support outputting the video content included in the received MPEG2-TS that contains only a video elementary stream to an externally connected video rendering device. If a Primary Sink has an integrated audio rendering function, the Primary Sink shall support one of following depending on implementation: (a) render the audio content included in the received MPEG2-TS that contains multiplexed an audio and a

video elementary streams. (b) output the audio content included in the received MPEG2-TS that contains multiplexed audio

elementary stream and video elementary stream to an externally connected audio rendering device.

If a Primary Sink supports both (a) and (b) above, the Primary Sink may choose one operation depending on local criteria (e.g., detecting attachment or detachment of an external rendering device) or a user may configure the Primary Sink to choose one operation. If a Primary Sink has an integrated audio rendering function, the Primary Sink may support one of following depending on implementation: (a) render the audio content included in the received MPEG2-TS that contains only an audio elementary

stream. (b) output the audio content included in the received MPEG2-TS that contains only an audio elementary

stream to an externally connected audio rendering device.

If a Primary Sink supports both (a) and (b) above, the Primary Sink may choose one operation depending on local criteria (e.g., detecting attachment or detachment of an external rendering device) or a user may configure the Primary Sink to choose one operation. If a Primary Sink does not have an integrated audio rendering function, the Primary Sink shall support outputting the audio content included in the received MPEG2-TS that contains multiplexed single audio elementary stream and single video elementary stream to an externally connected audio rendering device. If a Primary Sink does not have an integrated audio rendering function, the Primary Sink may support outputting the audio content included in the received MPEG2-TS that contains only an audio elementary stream to an externally connected audio rendering device. Table 3-1 summarizes the required capabilities of a Primary Sink.



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3.1.2.2 Secondary Sink: During a WFD Session, a Secondary Sink shall support receiving an MPEG2-TS from one WFD Source.

A Secondary sink shall support receiving an MPEG2-TS that contains only an audio elementary stream. Table 3-1 summarizes the required capabilities of a Secondary Sink.

3.1.3 Requirements for WFD Devices under Coupled Sink Operation A WFD Source may support Coupled Sink Operation.

A Primary Sink may support Coupled Sink Operation.

A Secondary Sink may support Coupled Sink Operation.

Figure 3-6 illustrates the role of a WFD Source, a Primary Sink and a Secondary Sink under Coupled Sink Operation. In a Coupled Sink Operation, a Primary Sink and a Secondary Sink that support Coupling are Coupled together and in Coupled status (see section 3.1.2 and 4.9.1).

If a WFD Source supports Coupled Sink Operation and operates with a Primary Sink and a Secondary Sink in Coupled status, and if the Primary Sink does not support rendering audio content, the WFD Source shall transmit an MPEFG2-TS that contains a video elementary stream to the Primary Sink and shall transmit an MPEG2-TS that contains an audio elementary stream to the Secondary Sink.

If a WFD Source supports Coupled Sink Operation and operates with a Primary Sink and a Secondary Sink in Coupled status, and if the Primary Sink supports rendering audio content, the WFD Source shall transmit an MPEG2-TS that contains a video elementary stream to the Primary Sink and shall support dynamically switching the destination of an audio elementary stream between the Primary Sink and the Secondary Sink. This switching of the destination of an audio elementary stream may be triggered by a request from either the Primary Sink or the Secondary Sink, and shall not require tearing down of the already established WFD Session. This procedure is specified in section 4.9.6, 6.1.11 and 6.4.10. A Primary Sink that supports Coupled Sink Operation shall follow the Coupled Sink Operation as described in section 4.9.1.

If a Primary Sink is Coupled with a Secondary Sink and if the Primary Sink operates with a WFD Source that supports Coupled Sink Operation, the Primary Sink shall support receiving an MPEG2-TS that contains a video elementary stream from the WFD Source.

A Secondary Sink that supports Coupled Sink Operation shall follow the Coupled Sink Operation as described in section 4.9.1.

If a Secondary Sink is Coupled with a Primary Sink and if the Secondary Sink operates with a WFD Source that supports Coupled Sink Operation, the Secondary Sink shall support receiving an MPEG2-TS that contains an audio elementary stream from the WFD Source.



Page 19 of 149

3.1.4 WFD Session There are four kinds of WFD Sessions as described below: Audio only WFD Session where there is only one Primary Sink or one Secondary Sink, as illustrated in

Figure 3-3. Video only WFD Session where there is only one Primary Sink, as illustrated in Figure 3-4. Audio/video WFD Session where there is only one Primary Sink, which renders both audio and video,

as illustrated in Figure 3-5. Audio/video WFD Session where there is Coupled WFD Sinks, and the Primary Sink renders video

while the Secondary Sink renders the corresponding audio. Figure 3-6 shows audio rendered at the Secondary Sink.

Figure 3-3 : Audio-only WFD Session

Figure 3-4 : Video-only WFD Session

Figure 3-5 : Audio and video WFD Session

Figure 3-6 : WFD Session under Coupled Sink Operation

WFD SourceSecondary Sink

orPrimary Sink

audio payload

control


video payload

control


Audio andvideo payload

control

Primary Sink(video and audio)

video payload

audio payload

control

Secondary Sink(audio)

control

audio payloadactive path

alternative path

coupling

WFD Source



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3.2 WFD Connection Topology A WFD Source shall use a WFD Connection with a WFD Sink for all WFD data and control messages. A WFD Sink shall use a WFD Connection with a WFD Source for all WFD data and control messages. The WFD Connection shall be either Wi-Fi P2P or TDLS.

3.2.1 Wi-Fi P2P Figure 3-7 shows a WFD Connection using Wi-Fi P2P (Wi-Fi Direct) [7]. A WFD Device shall support a WFD Connection using Wi-Fi P2P.

Figure 3-7 : WFD Connection using Wi-Fi P2P

Note: The APs shown in Figure 3-7 may be the same AP, or different APs, or may not exist. A WFD Device may support concurrent operation with infrastructure BSS. If a WFD Session including a single WFD Sink, either a WFD Source or a WFD Sink may be a P2P GO. If a WFD Session includes both a Primary Sink and a Secondary Sink, then the WFD Source shall be a P2P GO.

3.2.2 TDLS Figure 3-8 shows a WFD Connection using TDLS. WFD Devices may support the WFD Connection using TDLS.

Figure 3-8 : TDLS Topology

If TDLS is used for a WFD Connection, then a WFD Source shall support maintaining connection with an AP (or a P2P GO) that the WFD Source is associated with. If TDLS is used for a WFD Connection, a WFD Sink shall support maintaining connection with an AP (or a P2P GO) that the WFD Sink is associated with. Although Figure 3-8 has been simplified to show only one WFD Sink, a Secondary Sink in the same BSS may also be part of the same WFD Session; see Figure 3-6. In this case, the Secondary Sink shall have a different TDLS link with the WFD Source from the TDLS link between the WFD Source and the Primary Sink.

3.3 Functions and Services

3.3.1 Basic Wi-Fi Functions and Services This Specification requires that a WFD Device shall pass the following WFA Certifications: 802.11n Certification (implicitly requires WPA2 [19] and WMM) Wi-Fi Protected Setup Certification [8] (Implicit in Wi-Fi Direct certification) Wi-Fi Direct Certification [7] A WFD Device that supports Wi-Fi Display over TDLS shall pass the following WFA Certification: Wi-Fi TDLS Certification [13]

WFD Source WFD SinkWi-Fi P2P Link

AP AP

WFD Source WFD Sink

TDLS Link

AP



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3.3.2 Wi-Fi Display Specific Functions and Services Table 3-1 summarizes the functions and services for WFD Devices. The WFD Source column indicates whether the function/service is Mandatory (M) or Optional (O), for a WFD Source. The Primary Sink and Secondary Sink columns indicate whether the function/service is Mandatory (M) or Optional (O), for a WFD Sink. A WFD Device that advertises itself as being capable of both WFD Source and Primary Sink functionality during the WFD Device Discovery shall support both sets of functionalities. For such WFD Devices, one role (WFD Source vs. Primary Sink) shall be selected prior to a single WFD Session and shall not change during that WFD Session. Such WFD Device may support concurrent operation as a WFD Source in a WFD Session and as a Primary Sink in another WFD Session but such operation is outside the scope of this Specification.

Functions and Services WFD Source

Primary Sink

Secondary Sink

WFD Device Discovery (section 4.3) M M M3 WFD Service Discovery (section 4.4) O O O WFD Capability negotiation (section 4.6) M M M WFD Coupled Sink Operation (section 4.9) O O O WFD Connection Setup, with a WFD Sink (section 4.5.2)

M M M

WFD Session establishment, with a WFD Sink (section 4.8)

M M M

Encode and packetization of the captured Display M N/A N/A Transport of multiplexed audio and video payload M M N/A De-multiplex, de-packetization and decode of received audio and video payload

N/A M1 N/A

Rendering of decoded video on local display panel or a display panel that is attached to a WFD Sink (dongle)

N/A M N/A

Power Save mechanisms4 M M M Session termination (section 4.12) M M M Encode and packetization of captured audio M N/A N/A Transport of video payload without audio O M N/A Transport of audio payload without video O O M Multiplex video and audio payload M2 N/A N/A De-packetization and decode of received audio payload that is not multiplexed with video payload

N/A O M

Rendering of decoded audio on local speakers or speakers attached to a WFD Sink (dongle)

N/A M1 M

Link Content Protection (for protected content) (section 4.7) Note: If Link Content Protection is not supported either by the WFD Source or the WFD Sink, protected content shall not be streamed.

O O O

Time Synchronization (section 4.10.1) O O O



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Concurrent WLAN operation (section 4.14) O O N/A Persistent WFD group (section 4.13) O O O AV Stream Control using RTSP (section 6.2.5, 6.2.6, 6.2.7)

M M M

AV Audio Stream Routing Control during Coupled Sink Operation (section 4.10.4)

O O O

User Input Back Channel (section 4.11) O O N/A Preferred Display mode (section 8) O O N/A Remote I2C Read/Write (section 7) O O N/A WFD Standby / resume (section 4.15) O O O

Table 3-1 : Functions and Services 1 If a Primary Sink does not have an integrated audio rendering function or an audio output port to

be connected to an external audio rendering device, decoding or rendering the audio payload is not required to be supported.

2 If a Primary Sink does not have an integrated audio rendering function or an audio output port to be connected to an external audio rendering device, the WFD Source may not transmit multiplexed audio and video payload to the Primary Sink.

3 A Secondary Sink may support initiating the WFD Device Discovery, but shall support following the WFD Device Discovery procedure initiated by a WFD Source or a Primary Sink.

4. Capability to support P2P client in WMM-PS is mandatory when acting as Wi-Fi P2P GO, as specified in [7]. Capabilities to follow Opportunistic Power Save and Notice of Absence from Wi-Fi P2P GO are mandatory when acting as Wi-Fi P2P client, as specified in [7].

3.4 Encoder/Decoder Characteristics The audio/video industry uses a wide variety of different methods to encode and decode AV content and there is considerable potential for different AV devices to be incompatible with one another. This Specification defines a core subset of these methods to ensure interoperability between all WFD Devices at a baseline level (Mandatory), and allows for the inclusion of other methods (Optional) at the discretion of the device manufacturer. A WFD Sink shall only indicate the audio and video configurations that it supports in an RTSP M3 response message (described in section 6.4.3).

3.4.1 Audio An audio capable WFD Device shall support the audio format of 2 channel LPCM audio with16 bits per sample and 48000 samples/second as specified in [5]. Other allowable optional audio formats [5], are listed in Table 3-2.

Format Description

LPCM 44.1 ksps, 16 bits, 2 channels; CD Quality Audio

48ksps, 16bits per sample, 2 channels, MPEG-2 AAC-LC using ADTS




48ksps, 16 bits per sample, 2 channels, AC-3



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Table 3-2 : Optional Audio CODEC Formats

3.4.2 Video A WFD Device shall use H.264 [1] as the video CODEC. A video capable WFD Device shall support 640x480 p60 with the Constrained Baseline Profile (CBP) codec of H.264 at level 3.1 as defined in [1]. A WFD Device may use the H.264 Level from 3.1 to 4.2 for the CBP and CHP in this Specification. A video capable WFD Device shall support 640x480 p60 with codec of H.264 CBP at level 3.1. If a WFD Device supports higher resolution(s) of 60Hz family (i.e., at least one of 29.97Hz, 30.00Hz, 59.94Hz and 60.00Hz) than 640x480, it shall also support 720x480 p60 with codec of H.264 CBP at level 3.1. If a WFD Device supports higher resolution(s) of 50Hz family (i.e., at least one of 25.00Hz and 50.00Hz) than 640x480, it shall also support 720x576 p50 with codec of H.264 CBP at level 3.1. All other combinations of 2D video formats listed in Table 3-4, H.264 Profile listed in Table 3-3 and H.264 level (from 3.1 to 4.2) are optional. Table 3-3 lists H.264 tools for each H.264 Profile included in the Specification. A Primary Sink shall support tools marked Y in the CBP column. If a Primary Sink supports CHP, the Primary Sink shall support tools marked Y in the CHP column. A Primary Sink is not required to support tools marked N for each Profile. A WFD Source may use tools marked Y for each Profile. A WFD Source shall not use tools marked N for each Profile. The Constrained High Profile (CHP) is based on the standardized High Profile of H.264, but a WFD Source shall not use the B slice tool or the CABAC entropy coding tool.

Tools CBP CHP

I and P Slices Y Y

B Slices N N

SI and SP Slices N N

Multiple Reference Frames N Y

In-Loop Deblocking Filter Y Y

CAVLC Entropy Coding Y Y

CABAC Entropy Coding N N

Flexible Macroblock Ordering (FMO) N N

Arbitrary Slice Ordering (ASO) N N

Redundant Slices (RS) N N

Data Partitioning N N

Interlaced Coding (PicAFF, MBAFF) N Y

4:2:0 Chroma Format Y Y



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Monochrome Video Format (4:0:0) N Y

4:2:2 Chroma Format N N

4:4:4 Chroma Format N N

8 Bit Sample Depth Y Y

9 and 10 Bit Sample Depth N N

11 to 14 Bit Sample Depth N N

8x8 vs. 4x4 Transform Adaptivity N Y

Quantization Scaling Matrices N Y

Separate Cb and Cr QP control N Y

Separate Color Plane Coding N N

Predictive Lossless Coding N N

Table 3-3 : Wi-Fi Display H.264 Profiles

Table 3-4 lists the set of 2D video resolutions and frame rates. For Standard Definition and High Definition modes refer to [11], and VESA formats to [37].

Format

Description Resolution

Frames/Fields per second, (i) interlaced or (p) progressive

640x480 p601 Standard Definition (Mandatory for all WFD Devices that support video), CEA format.

720x480 p601 Standard Definition, CEA format.

720x480 i601 Standard Definition, CEA format.

720x576 p50 Standard Definition, CEA format.

720x576 i50 Standard Definition, CEA format.

1280x720 p302 High Definition, CEA format.




1920x1080 i601 High Definition, CEA format.





1920x1080 i50 High Definition, CEA format.




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800x600 p30 SVGA; VESA format.

800x600 p60 SVGA; VESA format.

1024x768 p30 XGA; VESA format.

1024x768 p60 XGA; VESA format.

1152x864 p30 XGA+; VESA format.

1152x864 p60 XGA+; VESA format.

1280x768 p30 WXGA; VESA format.








1280x1024 p30 SXGA (17 and 19 LCD); VESA format.

1280x1024 p60 SXGA (17 and 19 LCD); VESA format.

1400x1050 p30 SXGA+ (14 and 15 PC); VESA format.

1400x1050 p60 SXGA+ (14 and 15 PC); VESA format.

1440x900 p30 WXGA+ (19 LCD); VESA format.

1440x900 p60 WXGA+ (19 LCD); VESA format.

1600x900 p30 VESA format.

1600x900 p60 VESA format.

1600x1200 p30 UXGA (20 LCD); VESA format.

1600x1200 p60 UXGA (20 LCD); VESA format.

1680x1024 p30 WSXGA (19 LCD); VESA format.

1680x1024 p60 WSXGA (19 LCD); VESA format.

1680x1050 p30 SXGA (22 LCD); VESA format.

1680x1050 p60 SXGA (22 LCD); VESA format.

1920x1200 p30 WUXGA; VESA format.

1920x1200 p60 WUXGA; VESA format.

800x480 p30 Handheld devices






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640x360 p30 Handheld devices 640x360 p60 Handheld devices





Table 3-4 : Supported Video Resolutions and frame rates

Notes:

1. 60fps (frame per sec for progressive and field per sec for interlace) for CEA resolutions here includes 60.000fps and 59.94fps.

2. 30fps for CEA resolutions here includes 30.000Hz and 29.97fps. 3. 24fps for CEA resolutions here includes 24fps and 23.98fps.

DTS/PTS values in PES Header shall not use rounded numbers but shall use the exact number of each frames (or fields) per second.

3.4.3 Stereoscopic 3D video A WFD Device may support stereoscopic 3D video. If a WFD Device supports stereoscopic 3D video, it shall use H.264 CODEC and profiles as described in Table 3-3 for stereoscopic 3D video. Table 3-5 lists the combination of video resolutions, refresh rates and the transmission schemes of left and right picture for stereoscopic 3D video.

Transmission Method

Format

Description Frames per second, (i) interlaced or (p)

progressive

Top & Bottom [Half]

1920x(540+540) p60

1920x(540+540) p50

1920x(540+540) p30

1920x(540+540) p24

1280x(360+360) p60

1280x(360+360) p50

1280x(360+360) p30

1280x(360+360) p25

1280x(360+360) p24

640x(240+240) p60

720x(240+240) p60

720x(288+288) p50



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Frame Sequential

1920x1080 p24 for L and p24 for R





Frame Packing

1920x(1080+45+1080) i60

1920x(1080+45+1080) i50

1920x(1080+45+1080) p30

1920x(1080+45+1080) p24

1280x(720+30+720) p60

1280x(720+30+720) p30

1280x(720+30+720) p50

1280x(720+30+720) p25

Side by Side [Half]

(960+960)x1080 p60

(960+960)x1080 i60

(960+960)x1080 p50

(960+960)x1080 i50

(960+960)x1080 p24

(640+640)x720 p60

(640+640)x720 p50

(640+640)x720 p30

(640+640)x720 p25

(640+640)x720 p24

(320+320)x480 p60

(360+360)x480 p60

(360+360)x576 p50

Table 3-5 : Wi-Fi Display Supported Configurations for 3D Video

If a WFD Device supports 3D video using Wi-Fi Display, then it shall support the Top & Bottom [1] transmission scheme with resolution of 1920x(540+540) and a refresh rate of p24. If a WFD Device supports 3D video with a refresh rate in the 60Hz family (i.e., at least one of 29.97Hz, 30.00Hz, 59.94Hz and 60.00Hz) using Wi-Fi Display, then it shall support the Top & Bottom transmission scheme with a resolution of 1280x(360+360) and a refresh rate of p60. If a WFD Device supports 3D video with a refresh rate in the 50Hz family (i.e., at least one of 25.00Hz and 50.00Hz) using Wi-Fi Display, then it shall support a Top & Bottom transmission scheme with the resolution of 1280x(360+360) and a refresh rate of p50.



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4 WFD Session Functional Description and Procedures

The following sections discuss the discovery, connection setup, capability negotiation, content protection and session establishment. At a high level, a user interface on a WFD Source and/or a WFD Sink presents the discovered WFD Devices to the user via a user interface so that the user may select the peer device to be used in a WFD Session. Once device selection is performed by the user, a WFD Connection is established and the transport layer is used to stream AV media from a WFD Source to a peer WFD Sink. The ability to select a peer is mandatory on a WFD Sink and optional on WFD Source. Presentation and the method of selection of the discovered WFD Devices is outside the scope of this Specification.

4.1 Reference Model Figure 4-1shows a reference model for session management of a WFD Source and WFD Sink. This conceptual model includes a set of predefined functions such as WFD Device Discovery, presentation, session control, and transport.

Vendor Designed User Interface (UI)

Wi-Fi MAC

Wi-Fi PHY

Session Policy Management

Link Content

Protection (Optional)

Transport

LLCWFD

Device Discovery

WFD Service

Discovery (Optional) WFD Link

Establishment

Session/Stream Control

Capability Exchange/Negotiation

User Input Back

Channel

Scop

e of

this

spe

cific

atio

n

Figure 4-1 : Reference Model for Session Management in WFD Devices

Figure 4-2 shows a reference model for AV payload processing for WFD Source and WFD Sink. The protocols and procedures for each of the functions illustrated in Figure 4-1 and Figure 4-2 are described in subsequent sections.



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Figure 4-2 : Reference Model Audio/Video Payload Processing

4.2 WFD Connection Setup, WFD Session Establishment and Management Functions

This section describes the management protocols, procedures and order of operations used to establish and manage a WFD Session. Figure 4-5 and Figure 4-6 below provide pictorial representations of the lifetime of a WFD Session. A WFD Session is defined between a WFD Source and a WFD Sink (or WFD Sinks in case of Coupled Sink Operation). In a WFD Session, the WFD Source transmits audio and/or video content to a WFD Sink (or WFD Sinks) and a WFD Sink receives (and renders) the content or outputs the content to an external device The general sequence for WFD Connection Setup, WFD Session establishment, and management is as follows: 1. WFD Device Discovery: Initially, a WFD Source and a WFD Sink discover each others presence,

prior to WFD Connection Setup. See section 4.3 for details on this process. 2. WFD Service Discovery: This optional step allows a WFD Source

Wi-Fi Display Technical Specification v1.0.0

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