Why We are Changing the Army
description
Transcript of Why We are Changing the Army
130930May04 1
Why We are Changing the Army
130930May04 2
The Strategic Context
Combatant Commanders need versatile, potent land power
We have 364,000 SOLDIERS overseas in 120 countries
• We are a nation at war
• This is a prolonged period of conflict for the US with great uncertainty about the nature and location of that conflict
• We must be able to defuse crises and/or defeat aggression early to prevent escalation, limit damage
• Thus, we need flexible, rapidly deployable forces and sufficient depth and strength to sustain multiple, simultaneous operations
130930May04 3
• War is the norm, peace is the exception
• Our adversaries seek adaptive advantage through asymmetry
• We have near peer competitors in niche areas
• Conventional Force on Force conflicts are still possible
• There is an enormous pool of potential combatants armed with irreconcilable ideas
• Our homeland is part of the battlespace
• We are adapting to these challenges NOW
Challenges for the Current Force
3
130930May04 4
Corps(2-5 Divisions)
Corps(2-5 Divisions)
Army(2-5 Corps)
Brigade(3 or more Battalions)
Squad(2-4 Teams)
Platoon(3-4 Squads)
Company(3-5 Platoons)
Battalion(3-5 Companies)
Brigade(3 or more Battalions)
Brigade(3 or more Battalions)
Division(3 Maneuver Brigades)
COMMAND LEVEL
LIEUTENANT GENERAL
MAJOR GENERAL
COLONEL
GENERAL
LIEUTENANT COLONEL
CAPTAIN
LIEUTENANT
STAFF SERGEANT
Third ArmyEighth Army
I CorpsIII CorpsV Corps
XVIII Corps
10 Active Divisions2 Integrated Divisions
8 ARNG Divisions10,000 - 18,000 Soldiers
400-1,000 Soldiers
60- 200 Soldiers
16- 50 Soldiers
3,000 - 5,000 Soldiers
4 - 12 Soldiers
100,000 - 300,000 Soldiers
40,000 - 100,000 Soldiers
The Army Today
Additional Unit Types:
Armored Cavalry RegimentSeparate Brigade
Aviation BrigadeCorps Artillery
Military Intelligence BrigadeAir Defense Artillery BrigadeEngineer BrigadeSignal BrigadeChemical BrigadeMilitary Police BrigadeSpecial Forces GroupRanger RegimentSpecial Operations Aviation RegimentCivil Affairs BrigadeCorps Support CommandMedical BrigadePersonnel GroupFinance GroupTransportation GroupQuartermaster GroupExplosive Ordnance GroupPsychological Operations Group
130930May04 5
What the Current Force Looks Like
The Army Division = traditional building block
But…• Optimized for major land campaigns against similarly
organized forces• Large, fixed organizations with interconnected parts• Requires extensive reorganization to create force
packages• Limits Regional Combatant Commander’s ability to mix
and match packaged capabilities for multiple missions• Limited Joint capabilities
We’re good, but we can be better…
= ~15,000 Soldiers & Equipment (typically over 20,000 when deployed)
DIVISION
XX
130930May04 6
Clear Need for Change
We need to generate more versatile combat power because…
• We have extended worldwide commitments
• We will remain at war for the foreseeable future
• We must be more responsive to Combatant Commanders’ needs
A Campaign Quality Army with Joint and Expeditionary Capabilities
130930May04 7
How to Change
We must create units that are more relevant to Regional Combatant Commanders and generate versatile combat power with units that are…
• More self-contained, sustainable, lethal force packages
• Organized with capabilities for the full range of missions
• Truly joint interdependent – a trained and ready member of the joint force
• Comprised of adaptive, competent, and confident Soldiers and leaders
A Campaign Quality Army with Joint and Expeditionary Capabilities
130930May04 8
From Division to Brigade - Centric
FROM: An Army based around large, powerful, fixed organizations
XX
Division Division
TO: An Army designed around smaller, more self-contained organizations
. . . and modular multi-functional Support Brigades
X
BrigadeBrigade
CombinedArms
ArmedRecon
CombinedArms
Fires Intelligence Engineer
MP/SecuritySignal Logistics
MP/Security
Chemical
Aviation Fires Sustainment RSTAMNVR
EN
Reconnaissance, Surveillance, and Target Acquisition
Maneuver Enhancement
Field Artillery
Military Police
Intelligence
Engineers
ChemicalDivisionTroops
Aviation
MechanizedBrigade
LogisticsSupport
Division Cav (Recon) Signal
Armor BrigadeArmor Brigade
A More Ready and Relevant Force
130930May04 9
Supporting brigades with standard headquarters, but variable subordinate units
X
ManeuverEnhancement
Standard maneuver brigades with organic combined arms capabilities
X
StrykerFCS
X
FutureHeavy
X
With Brigades as Building Blocks
X
Reconnaissance,Surveillance,
Target Acquisition
X
Aviation
X
Fires
X
Sustainment
SUST
X
Infantry
(Less than 4,000 Soldiers in each Brigade)
130930May04 10
Tailored Land Forces for Regional Combatant
Commanders
4 3 2 1
Employing the Army in the Joint Force
UEx
UEy
Units Available Headquarter(s) &Command Posts
++ A Commander
Heavy Infantry RSTA Fires
Aviation Sustainment Maneuver Enhancement
SOF
Spec Op Forces
Multi-national
Multi-national
Joint/Other Service Assets
Joint/OtherAssets
130930May04 11
• Units not tied to division base.
• Simultaneous deployment from multiple power projection platforms.
• Units not tied to division base.
• Simultaneous deployment from multiple power projection platforms.
Projecting the Army Worldwide
• Basing supports a campaign quality Army with joint and expeditionary capabilities.
• Power projection platforms provide full range of support for responsive deployment, employment and sustainment of forces.
• Basing supports a campaign quality Army with joint and expeditionary capabilities.
• Power projection platforms provide full range of support for responsive deployment, employment and sustainment of forces.
CY
130930May04 12
We Call This Approach Modularity
• Modularity is packaging units into flexible configurations
• Modular units are rapidly deployable, responsive, agile, tailorable and discrete packages of land force combat power
130930May04 13
FY04 FY05
We are Converting the Army Now
Common organizational designs for Active and Reserve
Active Component
Build
Active Component Reorganize
Reserve Component Reorganize
FY06 FY07 FY08 FY09 FY10
Total:
77-82ManeuverBrigades
33 Brigades
10 - 15 Brigades
34 Brigades
130930May04 14
Everything we do is designed to support the Soldier
A heritage of fighting and winning our Nation’s Wars
Traditions reflected in our unit’s lineage and honors
The Soldier is the Centerpiece of All Our Units
The Soldier is the Centerpiece of All Our Units
What Isn’t Changing
14
130930May04 15
Conclusion
• We are adapting to the current and projected operational environment
• We are creating modular brigades and command and control headquarters to better meet Combatant Commanders’ requirements
• Modularity is the foundation for building a Campaign Quality Army with Joint and Expeditionary capabilities
130930May04 16
Why We are Changing the Army
Back Up Slides
130930May04 17
Briefing Coordination
John McDonald
John Gingrich
BG Ralston
LTG(R) Jordan
EOH Stratcoms (Patti Benner & staff)
OCLL (staff)
SecArmy speechwriter
OFT (staff)
G-3 Army Transformation Office (staff)
TRADOC CPG and Stratcoms
TF Modularity
Congressional Staff
SASC Maren Leed
SAC-D Betsy Schmidt
SAC-D Nicole Diresta
130930May04 18
Impact
New organizations and warfighting concepts +
Stabilized combat and support forces
+Rebalanced Active and Reserve force mix
+Adaptive, competent, and confident Soldiers and leaders
=
Immediately ready forces for uncertainty of the early 21st century
130930May04 19
Transforming Over Time
FRONTIERARMY
ARMY OF
EXPANSION
COLD WAR ARMY
WARFIGHTINGARMY IN THE“WAR TO END ALL WARS”
WARFIGHTINGARMY WW II & Korea
HEMISPHERIC DEFENSE
(ISOLATIONISM)
CONSTABULARYMISSION
?
130930May04 20
Restructuring Today’s Army
• Modularity: creating brigade sized building blocks of combat power
• Stabilization: creating more cohesive and capable units and providing predictability to Soldiers by extending the length of assignments
• Rebalancing: adjusting the types and mix of AC and RC units
To produce more combat power for Combatant Commanders
130930May04 21
llllllll
llllllll
llll
llllllll
llllllll
xxxx
DIV
xxDIV
xx
llll
llllllll
llllllll
xxx
llll llllllllllll
llllllll
llllllll
llllllll
llllllll
xxx xxx xxx xxEngineerBrigade
SPT MI
Infantry Armor Artillery Sustainment Aviation Engineers
Air Defense
Intelligence
SupportBrigade
AviationBrigade
ArtilleryBrigade
ManeuverBrigade
No joint assets
XX
but
Brigade Combat Team
InfantryArmorArtilleryEngineersIntelligenceSustainment
The Task Organization Challenge
Current Division• Powerful organization• Great utility in major campaigns
To Create Brigade Combat Team• Break apart division leaving incomplete residual behind• Activate Reserves to support deploying brigade task forces• Reorganize less flexible structure
130930May04 22
MissionsJoint – Campaign Level
– Integrates the military instrument with other instruments of national power
– Integrates all elements of the joint force.
Current Organization
Army
Corps
Division
Brigade/Regiment/Group
Battalion/Squadron
Company/Battery/Troop
Platoon
Squad/Section
Fire Team/Crew
Soldier
Army Fighting Forces
100K+
70K+
15 -17K
1.5K
600
100-150
30-50
10-12
4-6
1
Soldiers
• Tactical – Engagements–Close Combat.–Generates specific effects / outcomes within the AO.
Tactical – Battles– Puts together complementary
and reinforcing capabilities with engagements to achieve military conditions within a specified Area of Operations (AO).
Operational – Major Land Operations– Plan and execute major land
operations.– Orchestrates Joint, Interagency
& MN operations.– Execute Administrative Control
and Army Support to Other Services.
130930May04 23
Mission Category 1• Offensive, Defensive, and Security Missions in open or mixed terrain• Against either regular or irregular forces• Premium on mobile protected firepower balanced with dismounted infantry
Versatile and Complementary Capabilities
Mission Category 2• Offensive, Defensive, and Security Missions in or near urban terrain against either regular or irregular forces• When in Forced Entry or Early Entry context, premium is on C-130 transportability and wheeled mobility• Premium is on infantry strength and mechanical transport• Mobile protected firepower is an asset
Mission Category 3
• Offensive and Defensive Missions in close terrain (mountains, jungle, forests) against either regular or irregular forces
• Premium is on infiltration by foot and air assault mobility
Infantry Brigade Unit of ActionInfantry Brigade Unit of Action
Stryker Brigade Stryker Brigade
Heavy Brigade Unit of ActionHeavy Brigade Unit of Action
Heavy Bdes (Armor, Mechanized, Armored Cavalry)
Heavy Bdes (Armor, Mechanized, Armored Cavalry)
Light Bdes (Airborne; Air Assault; Light; Light Cavalry)
Light Bdes (Airborne; Air Assault; Light; Light Cavalry)
Pa
stM
od
ula
r
130930May04 24
Modularity and The Army’s Need to Change
Modularity: Provides capabilities-based units at the Brigade level to Regional Combatant Commanders with responsive, fully mission-Capable combat and support organizations that operate in a Joint, Combined or Multi-National environment.
Why Change:• Provides greater capacity for rapid and tailorable force capability
packages• Improves strategic responsiveness for full spectrum operations
Offers:• Embedded Joint capabilities and connectivity• Organic staff precluding augmentation• Interdependent Joint communications, ISR, and fires• Deployable, separable Command Posts• Organizations capable of C2 and/or support of Joint and multi-national forces
130930May04 25
• The Army, as well as each service, are indispensable, and vital components of the Joint Team
• The Army will always conduct operations—offensive, defensive, stability, and support—in a joint and expeditionary context
• Prompt, sustained, and decisive land combat power acts in concert with air and naval power to ensure a synergy that gives the Joint Force capabilities and power well beyond the sum of its parts
• In a few short years, the Joint Force has moved from independent, de-conflicted operations to sustained interoperability• The Joint Force must now move rapidly to joint interdependence
Joint Interdependence