WHY WASH TO WASH May 2014. WASH facts Globally, diarrhoea is the leading cause of illness and death,...
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Transcript of WHY WASH TO WASH May 2014. WASH facts Globally, diarrhoea is the leading cause of illness and death,...
TO WASH May 2014
WHY WASH
TO WASH May 2014
WASH factsGlobally, diarrhoea is the leading cause of illness and
death, and 88 per cent of diarrhoeal deaths are due to a lack of access to sanitation facilities, together with inadequate availability of water for hygiene and unsafe drinking water.
Every 20 seconds a child dies of diarrohea. 15 lakh in a year – 5000 every day
The provision of improved sanitation and safe drinking water could reduce diarrhoeal diseases by nearly 90 per cent.
Almost 200 million days of school attendance are lost due to the lack of sanitation each year
TO WASH May 2014
Unsafe watsan Diarrhoea
Amoebiasis
Cholera
Dysentery
Hepatitis A
Lead poisoning
Polio
Flurosis
TO WASH May 2014
Diarrhoea
Amoebiasis
Cholera
Dysentery
Hepatitis A
When watsan is unsafe Typhoid
Lead poisoning
Polio
Flurosis
Arsenicosis
Source: WHO 2012
Some WASH facts 63 % of the global population use toilets and other
improved sanitation facilities.
2.5 billion people lack improved sanitation.
1.1 billion people (15 % of the global population) practice open defecation.
949 million open defecators live in rural areas.
In Southeast Asia alone, 13 million tons of faeces is released into inland water sources each year, along with 122 million m3 of urine and 11 billion cubic metres of greywater. This pollution costs Southeast Asia more than US$2 billion per year.
Rates of hand washing around the world are low. Observed rates of hand washing with soap at critical moments – i.e, before handling food and after using the toilet - range from 0% to 34%.
TO WASH May 2014
Some WASH factsIn 2010, 89 % of the world’s population, or 6.1
billion people, used improved drinking water sources, exceeding the MDG target (88 %); 92 % are expected to have access in 2015.
By 2015, 67 % will have access to improved sanitation facilities (the MDG target is 75 %).
Source: WHO
TO WASH May 2014
WASH Facts – MDG progress Sanitation
TO WASH May 2014
WASH - Diarrhoea Risk Reduction
(a) Sanitation (b) Water availability
(c) Water qual-ity
(d) Hygiene promotion
(e) Hand washing
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Red
uct
ion
in
dia
rrh
ea m
orb
idit
y (%
)
Fewtrell L et al. (2005) Lancet Infect Dis 5(1): 42-52.
TO WASH May 2014
Lessons from the UKBMJ readers: “sanitary revolution” - greatest medical advance since 1840.15.4% WASH15%Antibiotics 14% Anesthesia12% Vaccines
TO WASH May 2014
In addition……… Sanitation and hygiene could also prevent most of the 130
million annual cases worldwide of serious worm infestation. This matters since worms can divert up to one-third of the food a child consumes, and malnutrition is at the root of 50% of childhood illness.
Improved sanitation in developing countries yields about US$9 worth of benefits for every US$1 spent.
The time saved by people using a toilet close to home would have an annual economic value in excess of US$114 billion.
School enrolment and retention rates for girls rise when there are appropriate toilets and bathrooms for them to use, particularly after menstruation starts.
TO WASH May 2014
Situation in Madhya Pradesh –
Our immediate concern
TO WASH May 2014
Infant Mortality rate. *registrar General of India.
Under 5 Mortality
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012Madhya Pradesh 92 89 82N.A N.A.
ALL INDIA 69 64 55N.A N.A.
IMR 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012Madhya Pradesh 70 67 62 59 56
ALL INDIA 53 50 47 44 42
TO WASH May 2014
Issues for Water Supply in MP
1. Depletion of groundwater based drinking water sources due to over-
extraction by irrigation, industry etc.
2. Contamination of drinking water sources due to untreated sewage,
open defecation, untreated industrial effluents, leaching of fertilizers
and pesticides etc.
3. Gram Panchayats and communities are often not involved in the
planning, implementation, monitoring and O&M of their rural water
supply systems
4. Poor Operation & maintenance of schemes often leads to non-functionality or low yield of many schemes especially piped water supply schemes
5. 21.9 % of all hhs in MP use unimproved drinking water sources
5. Many schemes remain incomplete even after 3-4 years.
TO WASH May 2014
Total No. of habitations with population coverage
LPCD Total Habs
Total QA
Habs
> 0 and
< 25%
>= 25 and
< 50%
>= 50 and
< 75%
>=75 and
< 100%100%
40 127169 2120 11 375 1964 6697 116002
55 127169 2120 30 1679 16989 22961 83390
Source : www.indiawater.gov.in
NRDWP – habitations with population coverage
TO WASH May 2014
Issues and challenges in sanitation Sector
Delivery Mechanism - DWSC, BWSC, Panchayat and Tadarth Samitis are not able to delver the services.
Resource Institutions -within the Nodal department - Institution like CCDU, WSSO and support government organizations like WALMI, SIRD etc. lack human resources and capacities for planning and managing the TSC program. Similarly GPs do not have capacity to implement TSC program in Demand Generation mode
Demand generation – An insufficient efforts to generate demand and CB initiatives- Results only 13% rural sanitation coverage
Sanitation Technology – promoting mostly proto type of pour flush double offset leach pit technology across all the districts.
Sanitation Marketing – Majority of Rural Sanitary Mart promoted by government are dysfunctional as a result expected materials and services are not reaching to the community
Hygiene is not a priority in programme implementation and critical issues like MHM is not getting due attention
Sustainability-Nirmal Gram Puruskar- The NGP awarded villages donot have complete saniation coverage
Monitoring and Evaluation of WASH efforts- There is limited monitoring thrust– only physical and financial indicators there is no monitoring system in place to capture processes and outcome indicators
TO WASH May 2014
State progress to meet the Sanitation MDG
Keral
a
Laks
hadw
eep
Mizor
am
Sikk
im
Trip
uraDel
hi
Manip
ur
Daman
& D
iuGoa
Nagal
and
Pond
icher
ry
Punj
ab
Uttara
chal
Chand
igar
h
Harya
na
Andam
an a
nd N
icoba
r Isl...
Himac
hal P
rade
sh
Dadra
& N
agar
Hav
eli
Megha
laya
Wes
t Ben
gal
Assam
Andhr
a Pr
ades
h
Aruna
chal
Pra
desh
Gujar
at
Jam
mu
& Kas
hmir
Karna
taka
Mahar
asht
ra
Tam
il Nad
u
Chhat
tisga
rh
Uttar P
rade
sh
Jhar
khan
dBih
ar
Rajas
than
Madhy
a Pr
ades
h
Orissa
1990
2040
2090
2140
2190
2003
2003
2003
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2007
2007
2007
2007
2008
2010
2010
2011
2011
2013
2013
2013
2016
2023
2024
2027
2028
2028
2032
2033 2046
2046
2067
2074
2077
2105
2160
States already achieved MDG target
Stat
e ex
pact
atio
ns o
f ac
hiev
ing
MD
G ta
rget
s af
ter
2015
Before 2015
in 10 years
in 25 years
in 62 years
After 90 years
3 states
5 states
5 states
2 states
3 states
17 states
India will reach MDG at this rate by 2054 only
TO WASH May 2014
At current rate, MP will miss its MDG target
TO WASH May 2014
Thanks