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Why this title ?• In 1993 : 20th ACUCA International Conference• In 2000 : 27th ACUCA International Conference• In 2004 : The 3P’s of Chaplain
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Outline• Historical Background• Christian University• The World of Today• Roles and Functions of a Chaplain• Challenges Facing Chaplaincy• Coping with Challenges• Future Direction
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Traditional Concept of a UniversityWhat is a university ?
• A place of teaching universal knowledge (The Idea of a University, by Cardinal Newman)
Uni- versusIt is turned in one direction
(Theology, the University and the Modern World, a lecture given by Lord Runcie, when Archbishop of Canterbury).
• A university is an institution which is universus
it is focused on a common point.
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The aims of higher education• The ability to think, and• The transmission of a common culture
• Higher education is a means whereby society transcends itself where values are researched and transmitted through society
• Education is the soul of a society
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Traditional HE. Before 1950s• Low faculty-student ratio• Elite education (for a selected few)• Close student-teacher relationship• Simple life style
• A spirit of inquiry and tradition of learning• To form man with intellectual quality• Homogeneous student body
• Connection between religion and university education
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In the 1960s & 1970s• Reshape of higher education systems• The goal was to widen access to HE.• Higher faculty-student ratio• The systems was more practically oriented• Industrial production
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Purpose of Education (Education for all)
• Massification• Universalization• Diversification
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Funding System• Privatization• Corporatization• Industrialization
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Means of Education• Virtualization• Networking• Cyberization
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Operating Principles• Accountability• Quality• Excellence
(UNESCO, 1998)
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Mass Higher Education• Education for all• Heterogeneous student body• Very high faculty-student ratio• Education for practical purposes• Minimal or superficial student-teacher relationship• Content-oriented
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Globalization & Educational ChangeImpact globalization is having on education
1. Reduction of public spending on education• expansion of educational systems
2. The increase of average level of education in the labor force
3. Quality of national education systems4. IT in Education
5. Transformation of world culture
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Employers & Society(dictates)
a university
graduates
products
to serve the needs of the economy
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Globalization
a university
students (number & income)
raw materials
value added
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Paradigm ShiftSacred SecularSpiritual Materialism, Capitalism,
ConsumerismTraditionalismWesternism
FundamentalismPluralismContextualizationGlobalization
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To engage the worldTo live our lifeTo confront realities
PoliticTechnological Advancement
accumulationdissemination
KnowledgeFormationTransformation
PersonSociety
Social
Changing Environment
Economic
A Univer
sityKnowledge
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Community• Narrow sense :- Faculty and supporting staff- Students- Administrators
• Broad sense :- Parents- Alumni- People surrounding the institution
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1. Faculty members2. Supporting staff3. Student affairs4. Chaplaincy
Student Realities 1. Familial environment 2. Social environment 3. Peers 4. Globalization process
University Community
University
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University Community1. A shift from on elitist group to a mass system
4. A shift from a community to a market-place
3. A shift from a convenience store to a supermarket (economies of scale)
2. Aim : shift of emphasis/from “the pursuit of truth” to “value for money”
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A pursuit of truth
a treasure
Passed from one generationto the next
Graduates repayingthe investment by theircontributions to society
for the future
21st Century University
To serve the needs of the economy
Students buy the goods
To benefit financially in a job
A shift in ways of thinking & doing
Traditional University
Supermarket
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One of the Biggest Challenges to Chaplaincy
• Loss of a sense of community, coupled with• The narrowing vision of higher education
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Functions of a Chaplain• Spiritual Care• Pastoral Care
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Chaplain as :• Pastor• Professor• Program Director
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Four areas of ministry• Worship• Witnessing• Community Living• Service
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Chaplain as a Pastor• Spiritual Needs• Personal needs and problems
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Chaplain as Professor• Coach (teach)• Researcher• Communicator/Preacher• Evaluator/Judge• Model
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Chaplain as a Program Director• Leader• Organizer• Manager• Advisor• Follower
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Activities :• Chapel Hour (services)• Mission Groups• Christian Student Union• Cell Groups• Christian Choir• Bible Study
• Language Groups• Recreation Center• Counseling / Pastoral Care• Evangelist Groups• Christian Fellowship• Reflection, Seminar, Retreat• Courses in Religious Education
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Priestly Function
to purifyto intercede
God
Priest
Human Community
mediator
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• Center of the Community• Small tightly knit• Students Community• Community = Church
• Supporting role• Lectures are at the center• Community is not needed• Students = Peers = Groups• New community = Pub/Gym.
Traditional Chaplaincy21st Century Chaplaincy
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The Success of Chaplaincy• Quality of the chaplains• Availability• Relevancy• Attraction & Motivation• Fellowship & Relationships• Integrity
• Integration of chaplaincy and other services of the university
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The Professionalisation of HE. Chaplaincy
The competency in terms of• Knowledge• Skills• Qualities
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Knowledge of :• Higher Education• How a University Works• Student Culture• Psychology• Theology, Faith
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Skills• Spiritual, Pastoral, and Counseling Care• Teamwork• Adult Education• Appropriate Worship• Community Development Work
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Qualities• Empathy• Integrity• Faithfulness• Discernment
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Chaplaincy in the 21st Century • There must be a meeting place where the university is focused on a common point.
• Shift from the idea of Community (to reside together) to ‘Communion’ ( about fellowship and relationships).
• This meeting place should also raise a ‘prophetic voice’ about the need of the community.
• The development of both relationalship and ideas.
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• The ministry should be within the structure or the competitiveness of the institution’s internal market ...
• The university website is important and dialogue can take place through email.
• Apply faith to the whole university in its work of research and scholarship, teaching and learning.
• It must be directed not at one faith group but to the institution as a whole.
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• The importance of live face to face interaction in intellectual communities.
• Make use of technology to communicate with colleagues across the country and around the globe.
Social get-togethers to meet each other can be another gift which chaplaincy can offer.
...
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ConclusionTo create a community that in every aspect
of life is colored by Christian principles and values.