Why Halogen Free?
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Transcript of Why Halogen Free?
an Alent plc Company
Halogen Free
Positioning in
Market Place
Highly Confidential and Privileged Information of Alpha an Alent plc Company
Why Halogen Free?
• Electronics industry takes action to minimize or
eliminate certain halogen containing materials,
including Halogen Flame Retardants
• There are 2 common types of halogen flame
retardants in ROHS list of restricted materials
– Polychlorinated Biphenyls
– Polybrominated Biphenyls
Highly Confidential and Privileged Information of Alpha an Alent plc Company
Why Halogen Free?
• Many electronics are burned at the end of their
life
– During this process these halogen bearing materials
release toxic by-products (dioxins)
– Dioxins increase the risk of cancer
• Several BFRs
– Have known toxic properties
– Are highly resistant to degradation in the environment
Highly Confidential and Privileged Information of Alpha an Alent plc Company
Who is pushing for Halogen-Free?
• RoHS/JIG guidelines recommending controls on certain halogenated compounds including BFR’s – This is the only government regulated initiative with
the goal of reducing the use of halogens
• The current halogen-free initiative in electronics assembly is driven by 2 main groups – Non Government Organizations (NGOs)
– OEMs
Highly Confidential and Privileged Information of Alpha an Alent plc Company
Who is pushing for Halogen-Free?
• NGOs like
– Continue to push OEMs to become more
environmentally friendly
Highly Confidential and Privileged Information of Alpha an Alent plc Company
Group (Column) VIIA = Halogens
What are Halogens?
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Halogen vs. Halide
When a halogen takes in one electron, it becomes
a halide, for example
Br + e Br –
Bromine electron Bromide
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Halogens and Halides are NOT the
same • Halogens
– covalent and have a neutral charge
– primary source for Halogens in Assemblies is BFR’s in Laminates
– present a potential toxicity problem when burned
– when used in solder paste and wave solder flux can enhance activity without reducing reliability
• Halides
– ionic and have a charge
– added to certain wave solder fluxes and solder pastes to improve activity only
– like to absorb water which can cause printing and reliability problems
– because they carry a charge, if left uncontained, can result in electrical reliability problems on finished assemblies
Highly Confidential and Privileged Information of Alpha an Alent plc Company
Definition of Halogen-Free
• Only the JEITA, IEC and JEDEC Standards / Guidelines affect Alpha products
• JEITA differs from IEC and JEDEC as it measures halogens, from any source, in solid portion of soldering materials and included Fluorine
• IEC and JEDEC are similar except for Br / Cl levels
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Halogen Content Test
or
Combustion Process Volumetric
Flask
Filtration Centrifuge
Ion Chromatograph
• Halogens have a neutral charge and
cannot be detected by standard Ion
Chromatograph
• Must first be converted to ionic Halides
− using combustion process
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Halogen Free Certification &
Testing • Declarations based on our knowledge of the
formula
• EN 14582 (Oxygen Bomb Test) – For Paste, Liquid Flux and Solder Wire
– Provided it can be done
• New method – Extract solids using IPC Test Method 2.3.34 from
products
– Submit the extracted solids for EN14582
– Results can be used for determining all Halogen Free (HF) classes
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AMG Current Halogen Free
Products • Paste / Paste Flux
• Multiple options
• Halogens have little impact on
thermal stability and activity.
• Liquid Fluxes
• Few options
• Halogens provide thermal
stability and activity. Difficult to
replace.
• Cored Wire
• Few options
• New products under
development
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Conclusion • Current Halogen-free initiative being driven by
NGOs and OEMs – The only halogens that are legislated to be removed
are polybrominated and polychlorinated biphenyls - RoHS
– Important to know what level of Halogen-free is required by your OEM
• Halogen-free and Zero Halogen pastes and fluxes have existed for many years – Soldering performance can be equal to halogen
containing materials
– Selection of the appropriate product is driven by your process and reliability requirements
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Glossary of New Terms
• ROHS - Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive
• Periodic Table – List of all elements discovered on earth
• Zero Halogen – No halogen intentionally added to the formulation
• Low Halogen - <1000ppm Br and <1000 ppm Cl in the final product (i.e. flux residue)
• Halogen-free – often used to mean the same thing as Low Halogen
• NGO – Non Government Organization
• OEM – Original Equipment Manufacturer
• Ion Chromatograph – An instrument used to measure ions, such as halides for
example, at ppm level
• ppm – parts per million
• Covalently bonded halogens – a non-ionic structure of a halogen chemical
• Oxygen Bomb Combustion or combustion process – A burning process to convert
halogen into halides
• Centrifuge – a high speed mixing process to separate solid and liquid in a mixture
• Filtration – a process to filter or separate the solid and liquid in a mixture
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For more information on ALPHA
products go to:
www.Alpha.Alent.com