Why does anther colour vary in trout lily Erythronium ... · Emily Austen1,2 & Jessica Forrest1...
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0 50 100 150 200 0 5 10 15 20 25 Anthers Anthers Tepals Tepals Red > Yellow Tie Yellow > Red 0 5 10 15 Red > Yellow Tie Yellow > Red 0 5 10 15 Why does anther colour vary in trout lily (Erythronium americanum)? Emily Austen 1,2 & Jessica Forrest 1 1 University of Ottawa, Canada; 2 [email protected]; emilyjausten.wordpress.com Pollinators exhibit no preference Anther colour is seemingly (and surprisingly) ecologically neutral. Acknowledgements: • Nearly 100 citizen scientists contributed data to occurrence map • Stephan Schneider provided pizza & friendship during pollen tube study • Peter Lin contributed a day of pollinator observations • Doug Campbell, Tammy Sage & Spencer Barrett lent equipment • James Thomson, Alison Parker & Stuart Campbell gave helpful advice Research permissions granted by: • University of Toronto’s Koffler Scientific Reserve • Lancaster County Conservancy PA • Cornell Lab of Ornithology • Huyck Preserve & Biological Research Station • National Capital Commission (Ottawa-Gatineau) This research was funded by: • Natural Sciences & Engineering Research Council (Canada) • Ottawa Field Naturalist’s Club Given a choice between a red or yellow flower, Pollen-feeding beetles are indifferent N = 68 Asclera ruficollis beetles; 44 made a flower choice Colour does not affect pollen tube growth and neither colour is damaged by UV-B Frequency Beetle position (colour & organ) Not on flower Red Yellow χ 2 1 = 0.818, P = 0.365 When encountering a mixed array N = 575 flower patches visited, by 378 visitors, during 25 hours observation, at 6 sites Data collected by citizen scientists: troutlilysurvey.wordpress.com Frequency Apis Diptera Solitary bees Solitary bees χ 2 1 = 0.40 P = 0.53 χ 2 1 = 0.47 P = 0.49 χ 2 1 = 0.87 P = 0.35 χ 2 1 = 5.23 P = 0.02* χ 2 1 = 1.28 P = 0.26 Pollen foragers Nectar foragers Bombus Red & yellow anthers occur throughout species range ≤100 flowers >100 flowers Contest outcome (colour growing more tubes) Frequency Frequency Pollen exposed to UV-B N = 18 paired contests within pistils Red wins / yellow wins = 1.2 (P = 0.51) Pollen protected from UV-B N = 18 paired contests within pistils Red wins / yellow wins = 1.2 (P = 0.51) 0 50 100 150 200
Transcript of Why does anther colour vary in trout lily Erythronium ... · Emily Austen1,2 & Jessica Forrest1...
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Anthers Anthers
Tepals
Tepals
Red > Yellow Tie Yellow > Red0
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Red > Yellow Tie Yellow > Red0
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Why does anther colour vary in trout lily (Erythronium americanum)? Emily Austen1,2 & Jessica Forrest1 1University of Ottawa, Canada; [email protected]; emilyjausten.wordpress.com
Pollinators exhibit no preference
Anther colour is seemingly (and surprisingly) ecologically neutral.
Acknowledgements: • Nearly 100 citizen scientists contributed data to occurrence map • Stephan Schneider provided pizza & friendship during pollen tube study • Peter Lin contributed a day of pollinator observations • Doug Campbell, Tammy Sage & Spencer Barrett lent equipment • James Thomson, Alison Parker & Stuart Campbell gave helpful advice
Research permissions granted by: • University of Toronto’s Koffler Scientific Reserve • Lancaster County Conservancy PA • Cornell Lab of Ornithology • Huyck Preserve & Biological Research Station • National Capital Commission (Ottawa-Gatineau) This research was funded by: • Natural Sciences & Engineering Research Council (Canada) • Ottawa Field Naturalist’s Club
Given a choice between a red or yellow flower,
Pollen-feeding beetles are indifferent N = 68 Asclera ruficollis beetles; 44 made a flower choice
Colour does not affect pollen tube growth and neither colour is damaged by UV-B
Freq
uenc
y
Beetle position (colour & organ)
Not on flower
Red Yellow
χ21 = 0.818, P = 0.365 When encountering a mixed array
N = 575 flower patches visited, by 378 visitors, during 25 hours observation, at 6 sites
Data collected by citizen scientists: troutlilysurvey.wordpress.com
Freq
uenc
y
Apis Diptera Solitary bees
Solitary bees
χ21 = 0.40
P = 0.53 χ2
1 = 0.47 P = 0.49
χ21 = 0.87
P = 0.35
χ21 = 5.23
P = 0.02*
χ21 = 1.28
P = 0.26
Pollen foragers
Nectar foragers
Bombus
Red & yellow anthers occur throughout species range
≤100 flowers
>100 flowers
Contest outcome (colour growing more tubes)
Freq
uenc
y Fr
eque
ncy
Pollen exposed to UV-B N = 18 paired contests within pistils Red wins / yellow wins = 1.2 (P = 0.51)
Pollen protected from UV-B N = 18 paired contests within pistils Red wins / yellow wins = 1.2 (P = 0.51)
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