Why did the Japanese attack Pearl Harbor?
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Transcript of Why did the Japanese attack Pearl Harbor?
Why did the Japanese attack Pearl Harbor?
Stimson Doctrine-The U.S. refused to diplomatically acknowledge the addition of Manchuria to Japan Secretary of State Henry Stimson
The U.S. threatened no military or economic retaliation.
1931
United States did not want to disrupt trade with Japan.• U.S. supplied Japan with most of its scrap iron and steel.• U.S. sold Japan 80% of its oil.
1937Sino-Japanese War
Japan begins full scale war against China• 35 million Chinese killed or maimed during the War.
• 300,000 Chinese soldiers and civilians were killed• 20,000 women were raped. • 200,000 Chinese were killed in germ warfare
experiments
December 13, 1937 city of Nanking fell to Japanese
Chinese Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek蔣中正蔣介石
Nationalist leader of China
1928-1948
U.S. announced it was pulling out of the 1911 Treaty of Commerce and Navigation with Japan
1939
July 1940 U.S. aviation gas banFall 1940 U.S. Embargoed iron, steel and machine parts
July 1941 U.S. completely embargoed resources to Japan U.S. froze all Japanese assets in American entities
1941
November 26, 1941, U.S. Secretary of State Cordell Hull handed Japanese ambassadors in Washington D.C. the "Hull Note."The only way for the U.S. to remove the resource embargo was for Japan to:
Remove all troops from China.Remove all troops from Indochina.End the alliance it had signed with Germany and Italy the previous year.
November 171941Secretary of StateCordell HullJapanese AmbassadorAdmiral Kichisaburō Nomura (left)and Special Envoy Saburō Kurusu (right)
Last Diplomatic Meeting
December 7, 1941
Japanese attack the Philippines December 8, 1941
American forces are defeated in the PhilippinesSurrender May 8, 1942
U.S. declares war on Japan December 8, 1941
Germany declares war on the U.S.December 11, 1941
Battle of MidwayJune 4-7, 1942
Philippines 1944-45Iwo Jima, February 1945Okinawa April 1- June 21, 1945
U.S. -75,000 casualties Japan-110,071 killed
August 6 Hiroshima
August 9 Nagasaki and Soviets invade Manchuria
August 15 Japanese surrender
1945
"Should We continue to fight, it would not only result in an ultimate collapse and obliteration of the Japanese nation, but also it would lead to the total extinction of human civilization."
-Emperor Hirohito