Why are commas important?

Interrupters (nonessential elements)

Using Commas

Why are commas important?

Commas can help make the meaning of sentences clearer. In general, commas help separate or set apart elements in a sentence.

Too many commas can clutter the sentence and may confuse readers.

Interrupters

Use commas to set off elements that interrupt the sentence.

Eileen Murray, who is at the top of her class, wants to go to medical school.

Nonessential clauses or phrases

Nonessential clause

Tim Ricardo, hoping to make the swim team, practiced every day.

Nonessential phrase

Interrupters

Use commas to set off elements that interrupt the sentence.

Their parrot, Mina, is very gentle.

Nonessential appositives and appositive phrases

Nonessential appositive

Elizabeth Peña, my favorite actress, stars in the movie I rented.

Nonessential appositive phrase

Interrupters

Use commas to set off elements that interrupt the sentence.

Linda, please read the poem aloud.

Direct address

I like the image of the birds in flight, Mr. Ryan.

Your comment, Bernie, is interesting.

Parenthetical expressions

Interrupters

Use commas to set off elements that interrupt the sentence.

Of course, I am glad that he called me about the extra movie tickets.

She is, in fact, a dentist.

You should try out for quarterback, in my opinion.

Interrupters

On Your Own

Add commas where needed in the following sentences.

1. My dad’s classic car a 1955 Mustang won first place in the car show.

2. That sculpture in my opinion is the most beautiful one in the exhibit.

3. Are you competing in the track meet Joyce?

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