Who is this lady and what did she stand for???. Brain Scan 20% of Males between 25 and 34 are now...
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Transcript of Who is this lady and what did she stand for???. Brain Scan 20% of Males between 25 and 34 are now...
Who is this lady and what did she stand for???
Brain Scan
• 20% of Males between 25 and 34 are now living where?– At home
• One out of seven Americans have ten of these. What are they?– Credit Cards
• Every state in the U.S. has a city with this name. What is it?– Lincoln
Progressive Era Progressive Era
What does the word “Progressive” mean?
Progressive Goals
Progressives urged the government to:
1. Distribute Wealth Equally
1. Protect Social Welfare
1. Promoting Moral Improvements
1. Creating Economic Reform and Stop Unfair Business Practices
1. Reduce government corruption
1. Fostering Efficiency
The Origins of Progressive Era The Origins of Progressive Era
Social Reforms
Social Welfare Reform MovementPeople/Groups Involved
• YMCA, Salvation Army, Settlement Houses, Hull House, etc…
• Jane Adams, Florence Kelly, etc…
Successes (laws, legal decisions, etc…)
• Created a variety of public services
Moral Reform MovementPeople/Groups Involved
• Woman’s Christian Temperance Union, Anti-Saloon League
• Frances Willard, Carey Nation, etc…
Successes (laws, legal decisions, etc…)
• Prohibition adopted by many town and state governments
• 18th Amendment (Prohibition)
Economic Reform MovementPeople/Groups Involved
• American Socialist Party, Muckrakers
• Eugene Debs, Ida Tarbell, etc…
Successes (laws, legal decisions, etc…)
• Exposed corruption in different industries
• Equal distribution of wealth • 16th Amendment (Income
Tax)
Movement for Industrial EfficiencyPeople/Groups Involved
• Ford Motor Company• Fredrick Winslow Taylor,
Henry Ford, etc…
Successes (laws, legal decisions, etc…)
• Ford Assembly Line, the “Five Dollar Day”, Scientific Management
Movement to Protect WorkersPeople/Groups Involved
• National Child Labor Committee
• Louis Brandeis, Florence Kelly, Josephine Goldmark, etc…
Successes (laws, legal decisions, etc…)
• Keating-Owen Act, Workers Compensation, 10 hour workday for women and men
Political Reforms
Movement to Reform Local Government
People/Groups Involved
• Commissions, City Councils • Hazen Pingree, Tom
Johnson (Socialists)
Successes (laws, legal decisions, etc…)
• Property taxes, public ownership of utilities and transportation, as well as other economic reforms
State Reform of Big BusinessPeople/Groups Involved
• Robert M. La Follette, James Hogg, etc…
Successes (laws, legal decisions, etc…)
• Laws regulating railroads, and end government corruption because of relationships with Big Business
Movement for Elections ReformPeople/Groups Involved
• William S. U’Ren
Successes (laws, legal decisions, etc…)
• Secret Ballot, Initiative, Referendum, recall, direct primary, and the 17th Amendment (direct election of senators)
Women in Public Life
Chapter 17 Sec 2
What types of jobs were women in each group likely to hold?
Lower Class• Agricultural, domestic and
manufacturing
Middle and Upper Class• White-collar jobs (book
keepers, stenographers, operators, etc…)
What types of jobs were women in each group likely to hold?
African Americans• Agricultural and domestic
Immigrants• Agricultural, domestic,
piecework, taking in boarders, and manufacturing
How did educational opportunities for middle-and upper-class women change?
• New women’s colleges established
How did these new opportunities affect the lives of middle-and upper-class women?
• Marriage was no longer a woman’s only alternative
• Offered opportunity to pursue a profession• Allowed to devote oneself to reform
movement
SuffrageWhat three strategies were adopted by
the suffragist to win the vote?
1. Tried to convince state legislatures to grant women the right to vote
2. Pursued court cases to test the 14th Amendment
3. Campaigned for a national constitutional amendment to grant women the right to vote
What results did each strategy produce?
1. Wyoming, Utah, Colorado, and Idaho granted women the vote (other states it failed)
2. The Supreme Court ruled that women were citizens, but that citizenship did not automatically confer the right to vote
3. It was always voted down
Progressive Presidents
T.R./TAFT/WILSON
Teddy Roosevelt Big Business
Enforced Sherman Anti-Trust Act (49 Cases)
Hepburn Act (Interstate Commerce Commission)
Federal Reforms “Square Deal”=progressive reforms to
even the playing field Negotiated deals b/t workers and owners
(ex: coal strike 1902) Meat Inspection Act /Pure Food and Drug
Act Conservation
National Reclamation Act (1902) Set aside 200 million acres of land
U.S. Forest Service (1905) Civil Liberties
Women Supported Women Suffrage
Race Failed to truly endorse African
Americans Invited Booker T Washington to the
White House
William Taft Big Business
Enforced Sherman Anti Trust Act (90 cases)
Lowered Tariffs slightly (Payne Aldrich Act)
Federal Reforms Supported Labor Department of Labor
Conservation Allowed private business group to obtain
several millions of acres of Alaskan public land (angered conservationists)
Reserved more land then T.R. Civil Liberties
Women Supported Suffrage
Race Talked about issues but did nothing
for African Americans
Woodrow Wilson• Big Business
– Clayton Anti-Trust Act• Federal Reforms
– 16th Amendment=income tax– Federal Trade Commission– Federal Reserve System – Supported strikes, picketing, and
boycotts• Conservation
– Signed the National Park Service Bill (1916)
• Civil Liberties– Women
• Lightly supported Suffrage – Race
• Extended Jim Crow Laws• Endorsed “Birth of a Nation”
What were the reasons for these “Progressive” movements?
To address the problems that had contributed to the social upheavals of the 1890’s
Election Of 1912
CandidateCandidate partyparty Popular Vote
Popular Vote %%
Woodrow Wilson
Teddy Roosevelt
William Taft
Eugene Debs
Woodrow Wilson
Teddy Roosevelt
William Taft
Eugene Debs
Democrat
Bull Moose
Republican
Socialist
Democrat
Bull Moose
Republican
Socialist
6,296,000
4,118,000
3,486,000
900,000
6,296,000
4,118,000
3,486,000
900,000
42% (435)
27% (88)
23% (8)
6% (0)
42% (435)
27% (88)
23% (8)
6% (0)
Why did Wilson win the Presidential Election of 1912?
Roosevelt and Taft split the Republican Ticket
Progressive Era LegislationDate Legislation Purpose
1890 Sherman Anti-Trust Act
Outlawed monopolies and unfair business practices
1905 United States Forest Service
Create to manage nation’s water and timber resources
1906 Meat inspection Act
Required federal inspection of meat processing to ensure clean conditions
1906 Pure Food and Drug Act
Outlawed dishonest labeling of food and drugs
1913 Department of Labor
Cabinet department created to promote welfare of working people