WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

228
WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas September 2014

Transcript of WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Page 1: WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

WHO Global HealthExpenditure AtlasSeptember 2014

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WHO Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data

WHO global health expenditure atlas.

1.Health expenditures – statistics and numerical data. 2.Health systems plans. 3.Universal coverage. 4.National health programs. 5.Atlases. I.World Health Organization.

ISBN 978 92 4 150444 7 (NLM classification: W 74)

© World Health Organization 2014All rights reserved. Publications of the World Health Organization are available on the WHO web site (www.who.int) or can be purchased from WHO Press, World Health Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland (tel.: +41 22 791 3264; fax: +41 22 791 4857; e-mail: [email protected]). Requests for permission to reproduce or translate WHO publications – whether for sale or for noncommercial distribution – should be addressed to WHO Press through the WHO web site (http://www.who.int/about/licensing/copyright_form/en/index.html).

The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement.

The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers’ products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the World Health Organization in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters.

All reasonable precautions have been taken by the World Health Organization to verify the information contained in this publication. However, the published material is being distributed without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied. The responsibility for the interpretation and use of the material lies with the reader. In no event shall the World Health Organization be liable for damages arising from its use.

Printed in Switzerland

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Expenditure AtlasWHO Global Health

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Contents

Foreword 1

Factsheet 2

Policy highlights 3

Health expenditures and universal coverage 7

Country profile by region 2010

WHO African Region 11 WHO Region of the Americas 58 WHO South-East Asia Region 94 WHO European Region 106 WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region 160 WHO Western Pacific Region 182

World Health Statistics 2012 tables 210

Technical documentation 221

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Foreword

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2010 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

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Factsheet

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2010 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

Health financing March 2014

Key facts1

100 million people are pushed into poverty every year because they have to pay directly for their health care.

WHO recommends moving away from direct, out-of-pocket payments to using prepaid mechanisms to raise funds for health.

In 2011, US$ 6.9 trillion was spent on health. Typically between 20–40% of health spending is wasted.

A minimum of US$ 44 is needed per person per year to provide basic, life-saving health services: 26 WHO Member States spend less than this in 20112

--------Health financing is concerned with how financial resources are generated, allocated and used in health systems. Millions of people suffer and die because they do not have the money to pay for health care. Others suffer because they do pay: every year, 100 million people are pushed into poverty because they have had to pay directly for their health care.

WHO Member States have set themselves the target of developing their health financing systems to ensure and sustain universal health coverage. Universal coverage means that all people can use health services, while being protected against financial hardship associated with paying for them.

Issues in health financing include: raising sufficient funds for health protecting people from the financial consequences of ill health making optimum use of resources ensuring that health coverage is equitable.

Raising funds for health3

Raising sufficient funds for health can be achieved in several ways.

1. Making health a higher priority in government budgets If 49 of the world’s poorest countries allocated 15% of their government spending

to health, this would represent an additional US$ 15 billion per year for health.2. Making revenue collection more efficient In Indonesia for example, clear and consistent regulations and a policy of zero-

tolerance for corruption increased tax yield from 9.9% to 11% over four years; health spending benefited more than other sectors.

1 All the figures in the factsheet refer to 2011.2 Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, Somalia and Zimbabwe are excluded because of weak or no data.3 This section is written from http://www.who.int/whr/2010/media_centre/keymessages.pdf and http://www.

who.int/features/factfiles/health_financing/en/index.html

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Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2010 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

3. Diversifying sources of revenue A 50% increase in tobacco tax would yield an additional US$ 1.42 billion in 22

low-income countries, for example. A currency transaction levy is also feasible in many countries – India, for example, could raise $US 370 million per year by implementing a 0.005% levy on foreign exchange transactions.

4. Increasing external support If all donor countries were to immediately honor their overseas development

assistance pledges, more than three million lives would be saved by 2015.

Protecting people from the financial consequences of ill healthWHO recommends moving away from direct, out-of-pocket payments to using prepaid mechanisms to raise funds. In this way, people make compulsory contributions – through taxation and/or insurance contributions – to a pool of funds. They can then draw on these funds in case of illness, regardless of how much they have contributed. This approach helps to ensure access to health services and spread the financial risks across the population.

Spending on healthGlobally, US$ 6.9 trillion was spent on health in 2011. There is wide variation between countries in the total spending on health per person per year, ranging from US$ 9908 in Norway to US$ 12 in Eritrea (see Table).

WHO estimates that a minimum of US$ 44 is needed per person per year to provide basic, life-saving health services: 26 WHO Member States spend less than this (see Table).

Factsheet

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Factsheet

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2010 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

Table: Health expenditure data4 (2011)5 6

The total spending on health per person for 2011 is positively correlated to the wealth of a country. The higher the country’s gross domestic product, the higher the health expenditure (see Graph 1). There is also a positive correlation between the total health expenditure and health outcomes such as life expectancy (see Graph 2).

4 Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, Somalia, Zimbabwe and Tuvalu (OOPs only), Kiribati (OOPs only) are excluded because of weak or no data.

5 For more data and indicators on health expenditure, please visit the Global Health Expenditure Database (GHED) http://apps.who.int/nha/database/DataExplorerRegime.aspx.

6 Source: Constraints to scaling up the health Millennium Development Goals: costing and financial gap analysis (http://www.who.int/choice/publications/d_ScalingUp_MDGs_WHO_finalreport.pdf)

Note that recent yearly increases in US$ expenditure levels partially result from recent variations in US$ exchange rates.

Total expenditure for health for 2011: US$ 6.9 trillion

Average Total expenditure for health per person per year: US$ 1008

Country with highest total spending on health per person: Norway (US$ 9908)

Country with lowest total spending per person on health: Eritrea (US$ 12)

Country with highest government spending per person on: Norway (US$ 8436)

Country with lowest government spending per person on: Myanmar (US$ 3)

Country with highest annual out-of-pocket household spending on health: Switzerland (US$ 2384)

Country with lowest annual out-of-pocket household spending on health: Mozambique (US$ 1.64)

Average amount spent per person on health in countries belonging to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD):

US$ 4584

Percentage of the world’s population living in OECD countries: 18%

Percentage of the world’s total health expenditure on health currently spent in OECD countries:

82%

WHO estimate of minimum spending per person per year needed to provide basic, life-saving services1:

US$ 44

Number of WHO Member States where health spending – including spending by government, households and the private sector and funds provided by external donors – is lower than US$ 44 per person per year:

26

Number of WHO Member States where health spending is lower than US$ 20 per person per year:

6

Percentage of funds spent on health in the WHO African Region that has been provided by donors:

9.4%

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Factsheet

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2010 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

Graph 1: The relationship between wealth and health expenditure (2011)

Graph 2: The relationship between health expenditure and life expectancy (2011)

Making optimum use of resourcesSpending money more efficiently and equitably will increase health coverage, increase financial protection and improve health outcomes. Typically between 20–40% of health spending is wasted, depriving many people of badly needed care.

Source: Global Health Expenditure Database (GHED)

Source: Global Health Expenditure Database (GHED)

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Factsheet

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2010 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

Overpaying is one form of waste. For example, in some places medicine prices are up to 67 times the international average price, leading to less money being available for other health services.

Better use of medicines could save countries up to 5% of their health expenditure. France’s strategy of using generic medicines instead of brand name ones, for example, led to savings equivalent to US$ 1.94 billion in 2008.

Half to two-thirds of total government spending on health is used for hospital care. Globally, almost US$ 300 billion is lost annually to hospital-related inefficiencies. By being more efficient, hospitals could achieve 15% more than they do now without spending any more.

WHO responseWHO supports countries seeking to strengthen their health financing systems. It works with countries to devise ways of raising more funds for health equitably, to use the available funds efficiently and equitably, and to monitor the use of funds. It works with the international community to try to raise more, and more predictable funds for health.

WHO’s work is guided by a 2005 World Health Assembly resolution that urges countries to develop health financing systems that allow all people access to needed services while avoiding catastrophic expenditure and impoverishment. This work consists of technical and policy support to countries, the provision and sharing of information, data and country experiences, capacity building and partnership.

Related linksGlobal Health Expenditure Database [link to http://apps.who.int/nha/database/DataExplorerRegime.aspx]Health system financing: country profiles [link to http://apps.who.int/nha/database/StandardReport.aspx?ID=REPORT_COUNTRY_PROFILE ]Health financing [link to http://www.who.int/topics/health_economics/en/ ]

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Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2010 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

Policy highlights

WHO/HA Policy Highlight No.1/March 2014 (based on 2011 data)

Do health expenditures meet health needs? In 2011, the world spent a total of US$ 6.9 trillion on health at exchange rates or I$ 7.2 trillion (International dollars taking into account the purchasing power of different national currencies). The geographical distribution of financial resources for health is uneven. There is a 20/80 syndrome in which 34 OECD countries make up less than 20% of the world’s population but spend over 80% of the world’s resources on health.

OECD countries spend a larger share of their GDP on health (12.33%), as compared to 6.15% in the African (AFR) and 3.64% in South East Asian (SEAR) regions of WHO. This translates to per capita spending of I$4306 (US$ 4584) in OECD countries compared to I$142 (US$ 68) in SEAR region. Linking this to epidemiology, the figure shows that though the poorer WHO regions like AFR and SEAR account for the largest share of the global burden of disease (over 50% of global disability-adjusted life years lost) and only 38% of the world’s population, they spend 3% of global health resources. The Western Pacific (WPR) region without the four OECD Member States, Australia, Japan, New Zealand, and Republic of Korea, accounts for 23.5% of the world’s population (dominated by China), about 16% of the global burden of disease but only 6% of the world’s health resources. The region of the Americas (AMR) and Europe (EUR), excluding the OECD countries, account for about 11.5% of the world’s population, 11% of the global burden of disease and spend only 7.49% of health resources.

Richer countries with smaller populations and lower disease burden use more health resources than poorer countries with larger populations and higher disease burden. This highlights the absolute need for additional resources for many poor countries and raises questions of efficiency in health spending in richer countries.

Percentage distribution of Population, DALYs, and Total health expenditure by WHO regions and OECD, 2011 data

Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) are from 2004

WHO regions exclude OECD countriesSource: WHO Health Accounts unit, Health System Governance and Financing, HGF, World Health Organization www.who.int/health-accounts/en/

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Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2010 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

Policy highlights

WHO/HA Policy Highlight No.2/ March 2014 (based on 2011 data)

Heavy reliance on out of pocket expenditures leads to financial barriers for poor.The target for the first goal of the Millennium Declaration is to halve (between 1990 and 2015) the proportion of people with incomes less than one dollar a day. Out of pocket payments lead to financial barriers to access for the poor and for households purchasing medical goods and services result in fall below the poverty line (impoverishment) or suffer severe financial difficulties (i.e. they incur catastrophic expenditures). Household surveys have shown that on average, 100 million individuals are impoverished, and another 150 million individuals face severe financial difficulties during any given year because of these direct health expenditures.

In 2011, the world spent US$6.9 trillion or I$7.2 trillion (international dollars adjusting for differences in purchasing power between national currencies) on health. Low income countries with annual per capita incomes of less than US$1,025 relied most heavily on out of pocket payments to finance health care. In these countries, the share of out-of-pocket payments in total health expenditures measured in US$ terms was 48% compared to only 14% in countries with incomes higher than US$12,476 per capita. Health expenses in most high income countries are raised largely through pre-payment mechanisms such as taxes or health insurance premiums, with potential for cross subsidizing and protecting households from financial catastrophe. These funds are channelled through private insurance, social security and government agencies who purchase or provide health services (see figure below).

Components of health expenditure measured in US$

World Bank country classification by according to 2011 GNI/capita:High income: US$12,476 or more; Upper middle income: US$4,036 - $12,475;

Low middle income: US$1,026 - US$4,035; Low income: US$1,025 or lessSource: WHO Health Accounts unit, Health System Governance and Financing, HGF, World Health Organization www.who.int/health-accounts/en/

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Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2010 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

Policy highlights

HO/HA Policy Highlight No.3/ March 2014 (based on 2011 data)

External AID for health remains insufficient in low income countries It has long been recognized that many countries lack sufficient funds to ensure universal access to critical health interventions and services. In response, the international community has increased their financial support to low and low-middle income countries, particularly related to the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Have these funds helped increase overall expenditures on health in poor countries? Are they sufficient?

Trends between 2001-2005 show significant increases in total expenditures on health in the group of low-income countries1. Taken as a group, these countries spent $11 (in 2005 US$) per capita health in 2001, a figure that includes contributions from external sources such as bilateral and multilateral partners and foundations. This had increased to $15 in 2005, and $21 in 2011. This represents an increase of 85% over the period.

At the same time, financial contributions from outside these countries for health also increased. External aid per capita received by the low-income countries have increased from US$ 1.8 (2005 constant) in 2001 to $6.1 in 2011, which is an increase of 25% per year. The relative contribution of these external resources to total expenditure on health has increased from 15.3% in 2001 to 29.4% in 2011 during the period concerned however remains relatively low. In individual countries, however, the contributions can be considerably higher, rising as high as 80% of total health expenditures.

The 2001 Report of the Commission on Macroeconomics and Health estimated that a minimum set of essential preventive and curative interventions, focusing largely on communicable diseases, would cost approximately $34 per person. Despite the increase in aid, per capita expenditure on health across the group of low-income countries in 2011 was only $21, of which only $6.1 was financed through external aid.

External Resources per capita by year (US$ 2005 prices), excluding Somalia, South Sudan and Zimbabwe

1 World Bank country classification by income level per capita GNI(2011) of less than US $1,025 for low-income countries. Source: WHO Health Accounts unit, Health System Governance and Financing, HGF, World Health Organization www.who.int/health-accounts/en

Source: WHO Health Accounts, Health System Governance and Financing, HGF, World Health Organization www.who.int/health-accounts/en

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Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2010 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

Policy highlights

WHO/HA Policy Highlight No. 4/ March 2014 (based on 2011 data)

Wealth, health and health expenditure

Income level Average* Gross Domestic Product(Per capita US$)

Average* Total Health Expenditure

(Per capita US$)

High 38,192 4,583

Upper middle 6,821 408

Lower middle 1,900 82

Low 603 30

World 10,065 1,008

The level of a nation’s wealth, as measured by its gross domestic product, is linked very closely to what it spends on health. The larger the per capita income, the larger the expenditure is on health. Some countries, however, spend appreciably more than would be expected by their income levels, and some appreciably less. There is no “recommended” level of spending on health. But the graph below shows that increasing health expenditures are associated with better health outcomes especially for low income countries.

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Algeria

Angola

Benin

Botswana

Burkina Faso

Burundi

Cameroon

Republic of Cabo Verde

Central African Republic

Chad

Comoros

Democratic Republic of Congo

Congo

Côte d’Ivoire (Ivory Coast)

Equatorial Guinea

Eritrea

Ethiopia

Gabon

Gambia

Ghana

Guinea

Guinea-Bissau

Kenya

Lesotho

Liberia

Madagascar

Malawi

Mali

Mauritania

Mauritius

Mozambique

Namibia

Niger

Nigeria

Rwanda

Sao Tome and Principe

Senegal

Seychelles

Sierra Leone

South Africa

Swaziland

Togo

Uganda

United Republic of Tanzania

Zambia

Zimbabwe

WHO African Region

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2010 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Algeria, 2012

Algeria spentDomestic funding

11 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $279 per capita Spending by households

- 15% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Algeria: • Algeria:

$5,310/capita 72 years 2012 average of up-mid AFR income countries

• AFR up-mid income countries: $6,402/capita

• AFR up-mid income countries: 63 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Algeria: 120 per

100,000 live births

• AFR up-mid income countries: 258 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among up-mid AFR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((45%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((10%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((4%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

1995 2000 2005 2010

$48

$247

$433

$34

$191

$227

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

0%100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Algeria

Seychelles

Angola

Botswana

Namibia

South Africa

Gabon

Mauritius

0% 5% 10% 15%

Algeria

Namibia

South Africa

Seychelles

Mauritius

Botswana

Gabon

Angola

0% 2% 4% 6%

Algeria

Namibia

Seychelles

South Africa

Botswana

Mauritius

Angola

Gabon

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

1%84%15%

WHO African countries

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Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Angola, 2012

Angola spentDomestic funding

4.0 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $190 per capita Spending by households

- 27% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Angola: • Angola:

$5,482/capita 52 years 2012 average of up-mid AFR income countries

• AFR up-mid income countries: $6,402/capita

• AFR up-mid income countries: 63 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Angola: 610 per

100,000 live births

• AFR up-mid income countries: 258 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among up-mid AFR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((39%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((6%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

1995 2000 2005 2010

$48

$247

$433

$41

$95

$153

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

2%98%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Angola

Algeria

Seychelles

Botswana

Namibia

South Africa

Gabon

Mauritius

0% 5% 10% 15%

Angola

Namibia

South Africa

Seychelles

Mauritius

Algeria

Botswana

Gabon

0% 2% 4% 6%

Angola

Namibia

Algeria

Seychelles

South Africa

Botswana

Mauritius

Gabon

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

11%62%27%

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Benin, 2012

Benin spentDomestic funding

332 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $33 per capita Spending by households

- 44% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Benin: • Benin:

$737/capita 57 years 2012 average of low AFR income countries

• AFR low income countries: $527/capita

• AFR low income countries: 54 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Benin: 410 per

100,000 live births

• AFR low income countries:655 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low AFR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((22%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((10%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((2%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

10

15

20

25

30

35

1995 2000 2005 2010

$12$13

$31

$14

$16

$31

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

5%

11%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

32%68%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Benin

MalawiBurundiEritreaMozambiqueKenyaGambiaTogoBurkina FasoNigerRwandaChadUnited Republic of TanzaniaGuineaComorosLiberia

Democratic Republic of the CongoSierra LeoneMadagascarUgandaMaliGuinea-BissauEthiopiaCentral African RepublicZimbabwe

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Benin

RwandaLiberiaMalawiTogoBurundiDemocratic Republic of the CongoMadagascarMaliSierra LeoneBurkina FasoGambiaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaNiger

United Republic of TanzaniaUgandaComorosMozambiqueGuinea-BissauGuineaChadKenyaEritreaZimbabwe

0% 2% 4% 6% 8%

Benin

MalawiRwandaBurundiLiberiaTogoBurkina FasoGambiaDemocratic Republic of the CongoNigerMozambiqueUnited Republic of TanzaniaComorosSierra LeoneMadagascar

MaliUgandaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaKenyaGuineaChadGuinea-BissauEritreaZimbabwe

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

4%51%44%

WHO African countries

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Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Botswana, 2012

Botswana spentDomestic funding

770 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $384 per capita Spending by households

- 6% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Botswana: • Botswana:

$7,238/capita 61 years 2012 average of up-mid AFR income countries

• AFR up-mid income countries: $6,402/capita

• AFR up-mid income countries: 63 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Botswana: 190 per

100,000 live births

• AFR up-mid income countries: 258 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among up-mid AFR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((37%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((8%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((3%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

1995 2000 2005 2010

$48

$247

$433

$22

$227

$402

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%2%4%6%8%10%12%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

16%84%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Botswana

Algeria

Seychelles

Angola

Namibia

South Africa

Gabon

Mauritius

0% 5% 10% 15%

Botswana

Namibia

South Africa

Seychelles

Mauritius

Algeria

Gabon

Angola

0% 2% 4% 6%

Botswana

Namibia

Algeria

Seychelles

South Africa

Mauritius

Angola

Gabon

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

38%56%6%

Page 20: WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

16 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Burkina Faso, 2012

Burkina Faso spentDomestic funding

622 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $38 per capita Spending by households

- 36% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Burkina Faso: • Burkina Faso:

$612/capita 52 years 2012 average of low AFR income countries

• AFR low income countries: $527/capita

• AFR low income countries: 54 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Burkina Faso: 560 per

100,000 live births

• AFR low income countries:655 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low AFR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((28%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((12%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((3%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

1995 2000 2005 2010

$12$13

$31

$14

$21

$38

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

20%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

31%69%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Burkina Faso

MalawiBurundiEritreaMozambiqueKenyaGambiaTogo

NigerRwandaChadUnited Republic of TanzaniaGuineaComorosLiberiaBeninDemocratic Republic of the CongoSierra LeoneMadagascarUgandaMaliGuinea-BissauEthiopiaCentral African RepublicZimbabwe

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Burkina Faso

RwandaLiberiaMalawiTogoBurundiDemocratic Republic of the CongoMadagascarMaliSierra Leone

GambiaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaNigerBeninUnited Republic of TanzaniaUgandaComorosMozambiqueGuinea-BissauGuineaChadKenyaEritreaZimbabwe

0% 2% 4% 6% 8%

Burkina Faso

MalawiRwandaBurundiLiberiaTogo

GambiaDemocratic Republic of the CongoNigerMozambiqueUnited Republic of TanzaniaComorosSierra LeoneMadagascarBeninMaliUgandaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaKenyaGuineaChadGuinea-BissauEritreaZimbabwe

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

9%54%36%

WHO African countries

Page 21: WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

17WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Burundi, 2012

Burundi spentDomestic funding

197 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $20 per capita Spending by households

- 28% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Burundi: • Burundi:

$246/capita 50 years 2012 average of low AFR income countries

• AFR low income countries: $527/capita

• AFR low income countries: 54 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Burundi: 970 per

100,000 live births

• AFR low income countries:655 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low AFR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((35%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((14%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((5%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

1995 2000 2005 2010

$12$13

$31

$5

$11

$18

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

46%54%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

BurundiMalawi

EritreaMozambiqueKenyaGambiaTogoBurkina FasoNigerRwandaChadUnited Republic of TanzaniaGuineaComorosLiberiaBeninDemocratic Republic of the CongoSierra LeoneMadagascarUgandaMaliGuinea-BissauEthiopiaCentral African RepublicZimbabwe

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Burundi

RwandaLiberiaMalawiTogo

Democratic Republic of the CongoMadagascarMaliSierra LeoneBurkina FasoGambiaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaNigerBeninUnited Republic of TanzaniaUgandaComorosMozambiqueGuinea-BissauGuineaChadKenyaEritreaZimbabwe

0% 2% 4% 6% 8%

Burundi

MalawiRwanda

LiberiaTogoBurkina FasoGambiaDemocratic Republic of the CongoNigerMozambiqueUnited Republic of TanzaniaComorosSierra LeoneMadagascarBeninMaliUgandaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaKenyaGuineaChadGuinea-BissauEritreaZimbabwe

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

12%59%28%

Page 22: WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

18 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Cabo Verde Republic of, 2012

Cabo Verde Republic of spent Domestic funding

71 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $144 per capita Spending by households

- 21% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Cabo Verde Republic of:

• Cabo Verde Republic of:

$3,700/capita 71 years 2012 average of low-mid AFR income countries

• AFR low-mid income countries: $1,482/capita

• AFR low-mid income countries: 56 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Cabo Verde Republic of: 94 per

100,000 live births

• AFR low-mid income countries: 483 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low-mid AFR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((34%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((9%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((3%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

1995 2000 2005 2010

$48

$33

$86

$29

$107

$138

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

5%

11%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

28%72%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Cabo Verde Republic of

Lesotho

Sao Tome and Principe

Mauritania

Congo

Swaziland

Ghana

Senegal

Nigeria

Zambia

South Sudan

Côte d'Ivoire

Cameroon

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Cabo Verde Republic of

Swaziland

Zambia

Lesotho

Mauritania

Ghana

Senegal

Cameroon

Côte d'Ivoire

Nigeria

Congo

Sao Tome and Principe

South Sudan

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

Cabo Verde Republic of

Lesotho

Swaziland

Zambia

Mauritania

Ghana

Senegal

Sao Tome and Principe

Congo

Côte d'Ivoire

Nigeria

Cameroon

South Sudan

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

1%77%21%

WHO African countries

Page 23: WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

19WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Cameroon, 2012

Cameroon spentDomestic funding

1.3 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $59 per capita Spending by households

- 63% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Cameroon: • Cameroon:

$1,151/capita 51 years 2012 average of low-mid AFR income countries

• AFR low-mid income countries: $1,482/capita

• AFR low-mid income countries: 56 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Cameroon: 600 per

100,000 live births

• AFR low-mid income countries: 483 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low-mid AFR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((20%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((9%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

1995 2000 2005 2010

$48

$33

$86

$36

$19

$58

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

9%91%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Cameroon

Lesotho

Sao Tome and Principe

Mauritania

Congo

Swaziland

Cabo Verde Republic of

Ghana

Senegal

Nigeria

Zambia

South Sudan

Côte d'Ivoire

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Cameroon

Swaziland

Zambia

Lesotho

Mauritania

Ghana

Senegal

Cabo Verde Republic of

Côte d'Ivoire

Nigeria

Congo

Sao Tome and Principe

South Sudan

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

Cameroon

Lesotho

Swaziland

Zambia

Mauritania

Cabo Verde Republic of

Ghana

Senegal

Sao Tome and Principe

Congo

Côte d'Ivoire

Nigeria

South Sudan

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

4%34%63%

Page 24: WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

20 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Central African Republic, 2012

Central African Republic spent Domestic funding

80 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $18 per capita Spending by households

- 46% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Central African Republic:

• Central African Republic:

$473/capita 48 years 2012 average of low AFR income countries

• AFR low income countries: $527/capita

• AFR low income countries: 54 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Central African Republic: 850 per

100,000 live births

• AFR low income countries:655 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low AFR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((17%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((11%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

1995 2000 2005 2010

$12$13

$31

$8$9

$18

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

20%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

29%71%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Central African Republic

MalawiBurundiEritreaMozambiqueKenyaGambiaTogoBurkina FasoNigerRwandaChadUnited Republic of TanzaniaGuineaComorosLiberiaBeninDemocratic Republic of the CongoSierra LeoneMadagascarUgandaMaliGuinea-BissauEthiopia

Zimbabwe

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Central African Republic

RwandaLiberiaMalawiTogoBurundiDemocratic Republic of the CongoMadagascarMaliSierra LeoneBurkina FasoGambia

EthiopiaNigerBeninUnited Republic of TanzaniaUgandaComorosMozambiqueGuinea-BissauGuineaChadKenyaEritreaZimbabwe

0% 2% 4% 6% 8%

Central African Republic

MalawiRwandaBurundiLiberiaTogoBurkina FasoGambiaDemocratic Republic of the CongoNigerMozambiqueUnited Republic of TanzaniaComorosSierra LeoneMadagascarBeninMaliUganda

EthiopiaKenyaGuineaChadGuinea-BissauEritreaZimbabwe

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

5%50%46%

WHO African countries

Page 25: WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

21WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Chad, 2012

Chad spentDomestic funding

388 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $31 per capita Spending by households

- 53% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Chad: • Chad:

$885/capita 48 years 2012 average of low AFR income countries

• AFR low income countries: $527/capita

• AFR low income countries: 54 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Chad: 1,200 per

100,000 live births

• AFR low income countries:655 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low AFR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((27%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((6%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

1995 2000 2005 2010

$12$13

$31

$14$12

$26

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

12%88%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Chad

MalawiBurundiEritreaMozambiqueKenyaGambiaTogoBurkina FasoNigerRwanda

United Republic of TanzaniaGuineaComorosLiberiaBeninDemocratic Republic of the CongoSierra LeoneMadagascarUgandaMaliGuinea-BissauEthiopiaCentral African RepublicZimbabwe

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Chad

RwandaLiberiaMalawiTogoBurundiDemocratic Republic of the CongoMadagascarMaliSierra LeoneBurkina FasoGambiaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaNigerBeninUnited Republic of TanzaniaUgandaComorosMozambiqueGuinea-BissauGuinea

KenyaEritreaZimbabwe

0% 2% 4% 6% 8%

Chad

MalawiRwandaBurundiLiberiaTogoBurkina FasoGambiaDemocratic Republic of the CongoNigerMozambiqueUnited Republic of TanzaniaComorosSierra LeoneMadagascarBeninMaliUgandaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaKenyaGuinea

Guinea-BissauEritreaZimbabwe

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

2%45%53%

Page 26: WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

22 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Comoros, 2012

Comoros spentDomestic funding

27 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $38 per capita Spending by households

- 44% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Comoros: • Comoros:

$831/capita 60 years 2012 average of low AFR income countries

• AFR low income countries: $527/capita

• AFR low income countries: 54 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Comoros: 340 per

100,000 live births

• AFR low income countries:655 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low AFR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((26%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((10%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((3%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

1995 2000 2005 2010

$12$13

$31

$16

$20

$36

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

5%

11%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

27%73%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Comoros

MalawiBurundiEritreaMozambiqueKenyaGambiaTogoBurkina FasoNigerRwandaChadUnited Republic of TanzaniaGuinea

LiberiaBeninDemocratic Republic of the CongoSierra LeoneMadagascarUgandaMaliGuinea-BissauEthiopiaCentral African RepublicZimbabwe

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Comoros

RwandaLiberiaMalawiTogoBurundiDemocratic Republic of the CongoMadagascarMaliSierra LeoneBurkina FasoGambiaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaNigerBeninUnited Republic of TanzaniaUganda

MozambiqueGuinea-BissauGuineaChadKenyaEritreaZimbabwe

0% 2% 4% 6% 8%

Comoros

MalawiRwandaBurundiLiberiaTogoBurkina FasoGambiaDemocratic Republic of the CongoNigerMozambiqueUnited Republic of Tanzania

Sierra LeoneMadagascarBeninMaliUgandaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaKenyaGuineaChadGuinea-BissauEritreaZimbabwe

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

56%44%

WHO African countries

Page 27: WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

23WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Congo, 2012

Congo spentDomestic funding

433 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $100 per capita Spending by households

- 25% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Congo: • Congo:

$3,154/capita 55 years 2012 average of low-mid AFR income countries

• AFR low-mid income countries: $1,482/capita

• AFR low-mid income countries: 56 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Congo: 580 per

100,000 live births

• AFR low-mid income countries: 483 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low-mid AFR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((36%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((6%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((2%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

1995 2000 2005 2010

$48

$33

$86

$24

$69

$94

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

8%92%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Congo

Lesotho

Sao Tome and Principe

Mauritania

Swaziland

Cabo Verde Republic of

Ghana

Senegal

Nigeria

Zambia

South Sudan

Côte d'Ivoire

Cameroon

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Congo

Swaziland

Zambia

Lesotho

Mauritania

Ghana

Senegal

Cabo Verde Republic of

Cameroon

Côte d'Ivoire

Nigeria

Sao Tome and Principe

South Sudan

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

Congo

Lesotho

Swaziland

Zambia

Mauritania

Cabo Verde Republic of

Ghana

Senegal

Sao Tome and Principe

Côte d'Ivoire

Nigeria

Cameroon

South Sudan

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

1%74%25%

Page 28: WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

24 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Côte d'Ivoire, 2012

Côte d'Ivoire spentDomestic funding

1.7 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $88 per capita Spending by households

- 56% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Côte d'Ivoire: • Côte d'Ivoire:

$1,244/capita 50 years 2012 average of low-mid AFR income countries

• AFR low-mid income countries: $1,482/capita

• AFR low-mid income countries: 56 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Côte d'Ivoire: 470 per

100,000 live births

• AFR low-mid income countries: 483 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low-mid AFR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((24%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((8%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

1995 2000 2005 2010

$48

$33

$86

$48

$23

$85

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%2%4%6%8%10%12%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

9%91%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Côte d'Ivoire

Lesotho

Sao Tome and Principe

Mauritania

Congo

Swaziland

Cabo Verde Republic of

Ghana

Senegal

Nigeria

Zambia

South Sudan

Cameroon

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Côte d'Ivoire

Swaziland

Zambia

Lesotho

Mauritania

Ghana

Senegal

Cabo Verde Republic of

Cameroon

Nigeria

Congo

Sao Tome and Principe

South Sudan

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

Côte d'Ivoire

Lesotho

Swaziland

Zambia

Mauritania

Cabo Verde Republic of

Ghana

Senegal

Sao Tome and Principe

Congo

Nigeria

Cameroon

South Sudan

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

17%27%56%

WHO African countries

Page 29: WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

25WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2012

Democratic Republic of the Congo spent Domestic funding

998 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $15 per capita Spending by households

- 32% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Democratic Republic of the Congo:

• Democratic Republic of the Congo:

$272/capita 49 years 2012 average of low AFR income countries

• AFR low income countries: $527/capita

• AFR low income countries: 54 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Democratic Republic of the Congo: 670 per

100,000 live births

• AFR low income countries:655 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low AFR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((22%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((13%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((3%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

1995 2000 2005 2010

$12$13

$31

$4$7

$13

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

20%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

50%50%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Democratic Republic of the Congo

MalawiBurundiEritreaMozambiqueKenyaGambiaTogoBurkina FasoNigerRwandaChadUnited Republic of TanzaniaGuineaComorosLiberiaBenin

Sierra LeoneMadagascarUgandaMaliGuinea-BissauEthiopiaCentral African RepublicZimbabwe

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Democratic Republic of the Congo

RwandaLiberiaMalawiTogoBurundi

MadagascarMaliSierra LeoneBurkina FasoGambiaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaNigerBeninUnited Republic of TanzaniaUgandaComorosMozambiqueGuinea-BissauGuineaChadKenyaEritreaZimbabwe

0% 2% 4% 6% 8%

Democratic Republic of the Congo

MalawiRwandaBurundiLiberiaTogoBurkina FasoGambia

NigerMozambiqueUnited Republic of TanzaniaComorosSierra LeoneMadagascarBeninMaliUgandaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaKenyaGuineaChadGuinea-BissauEritreaZimbabwe

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

16%51%32%

Page 30: WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

26 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Equatorial Guinea, 2012

Equatorial Guinea spent Domestic funding

838 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $1,138 per capita Spending by households

- 44% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Equatorial Guinea: • Equatorial Guinea:

$24,036/capita 53 years 2012 average of hi AFR income countries

• AFR hi income countries:$24,036/capita

• AFR hi income countries: 53 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Equatorial Guinea: 280 per

100,000 live births

• AFR hi income countries:280 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among hi AFR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((37%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((7%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((3%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1995 2000 2005 2010

$495

$618

$1,138

$369

$460

$848

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

1%99%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Equatorial Guinea

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40%

Equatorial Guinea

0% 2% 4% 6% 8%10%12%14%16%18%20%

Equatorial Guinea

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

2%54%44%

WHO African countries

Page 31: WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

27WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Eritrea, 2012

Eritrea spentDomestic funding

90 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $15 per capita Spending by households

- 53% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Eritrea: • Eritrea:

$564/capita 66 years 2012 average of low AFR income countries

• AFR low income countries: $527/capita

• AFR low income countries: 54 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Eritrea: 280 per

100,000 live births

• AFR low income countries:655 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low AFR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((34%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((4%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((1%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

1995 2000 2005 2010

$12$13

$31

$6$6

$12

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

1%

2%

3%

4%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

25%75%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Eritrea

MalawiBurundi

MozambiqueKenyaGambiaTogoBurkina FasoNigerRwandaChadUnited Republic of TanzaniaGuineaComorosLiberiaBeninDemocratic Republic of the CongoSierra LeoneMadagascarUgandaMaliGuinea-BissauEthiopiaCentral African RepublicZimbabwe

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Eritrea

RwandaLiberiaMalawiTogoBurundiDemocratic Republic of the CongoMadagascarMaliSierra LeoneBurkina FasoGambiaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaNigerBeninUnited Republic of TanzaniaUgandaComorosMozambiqueGuinea-BissauGuineaChadKenya

Zimbabwe

0% 2% 4% 6% 8%

Eritrea

MalawiRwandaBurundiLiberiaTogoBurkina FasoGambiaDemocratic Republic of the CongoNigerMozambiqueUnited Republic of TanzaniaComorosSierra LeoneMadagascarBeninMaliUgandaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaKenyaGuineaChadGuinea-Bissau

Zimbabwe

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

47%53%

Page 32: WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

28 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Ethiopia, 2012

Ethiopia spentDomestic funding

1.6 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $18 per capita Spending by households

- 41% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Ethiopia: • Ethiopia:

$458/capita 54 years 2012 average of low AFR income countries

• AFR low income countries: $527/capita

• AFR low income countries: 54 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Ethiopia: 470 per

100,000 live births

• AFR low income countries:655 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low AFR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((17%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((11%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

1995 2000 2005 2010

$12$13

$31

$5$6

$13

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

50%50%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Ethiopia

MalawiBurundiEritreaMozambiqueKenyaGambiaTogoBurkina FasoNigerRwandaChadUnited Republic of TanzaniaGuineaComorosLiberiaBeninDemocratic Republic of the CongoSierra LeoneMadagascarUgandaMaliGuinea-Bissau

Central African RepublicZimbabwe

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Ethiopia

RwandaLiberiaMalawiTogoBurundiDemocratic Republic of the CongoMadagascarMaliSierra LeoneBurkina FasoGambiaCentral African Republic

NigerBeninUnited Republic of TanzaniaUgandaComorosMozambiqueGuinea-BissauGuineaChadKenyaEritreaZimbabwe

0% 2% 4% 6% 8%

Ethiopia

MalawiRwandaBurundiLiberiaTogoBurkina FasoGambiaDemocratic Republic of the CongoNigerMozambiqueUnited Republic of TanzaniaComorosSierra LeoneMadagascarBeninMaliUgandaCentral African Republic

KenyaGuineaChadGuinea-BissauEritreaZimbabwe

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

10%48%41%

WHO African countries

Page 33: WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

29WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Gabon, 2012

Gabon spentDomestic funding

648 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $397 per capita Spending by households

- 41% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Gabon: • Gabon:

$11,431/capita 62 years 2012 average of up-mid AFR income countries

• AFR up-mid income countries: $6,402/capita

• AFR up-mid income countries: 63 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Gabon: 260 per

100,000 live births

• AFR up-mid income countries: 258 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among up-mid AFR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((25%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((7%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

1995 2000 2005 2010

$48

$247

$433

$145$180

$351

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

1%99%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Gabon

Algeria

Seychelles

Angola

Botswana

Namibia

South Africa

Mauritius

0% 5% 10% 15%

Gabon

Namibia

South Africa

Seychelles

Mauritius

Algeria

Botswana

Angola

0% 2% 4% 6%

Gabon

Namibia

Algeria

Seychelles

South Africa

Botswana

Mauritius

Angola

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

7%51%41%

Page 34: WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

30 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Gambia, 2012

Gambia spentDomestic funding

46 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $26 per capita Spending by households

- 16% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Gambia: • Gambia:

$512/capita 60 years 2012 average of low AFR income countries

• AFR low income countries: $527/capita

• AFR low income countries: 54 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Gambia: 400 per

100,000 live births

• AFR low income countries:655 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low AFR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((29%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((11%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((3%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

1995 2000 2005 2010

$12$13

$31

$4

$18

$27

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

5%

11%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

49%51%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Gambia

MalawiBurundiEritreaMozambiqueKenya

TogoBurkina FasoNigerRwandaChadUnited Republic of TanzaniaGuineaComorosLiberiaBeninDemocratic Republic of the CongoSierra LeoneMadagascarUgandaMaliGuinea-BissauEthiopiaCentral African RepublicZimbabwe

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Gambia

RwandaLiberiaMalawiTogoBurundiDemocratic Republic of the CongoMadagascarMaliSierra LeoneBurkina Faso

Central African RepublicEthiopiaNigerBeninUnited Republic of TanzaniaUgandaComorosMozambiqueGuinea-BissauGuineaChadKenyaEritreaZimbabwe

0% 2% 4% 6% 8%

Gambia

MalawiRwandaBurundiLiberiaTogoBurkina Faso

Democratic Republic of the CongoNigerMozambiqueUnited Republic of TanzaniaComorosSierra LeoneMadagascarBeninMaliUgandaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaKenyaGuineaChadGuinea-BissauEritreaZimbabwe

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

18%66%16%

WHO African countries

Page 35: WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

31WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Ghana, 2012

Ghana spentDomestic funding

2.1 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $83 per capita Spending by households

- 29% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Ghana: • Ghana:

$1,605/capita 60 years 2012 average of low-mid AFR income countries

• AFR low-mid income countries: $1,482/capita

• AFR low-mid income countries: 56 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Ghana: 350 per

100,000 live births

• AFR low-mid income countries: 483 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low-mid AFR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((30%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((10%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((3%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

1995 2000 2005 2010

$48

$33

$86

$23

$47

$81

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

20%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

11%89%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Ghana

Lesotho

Sao Tome and Principe

Mauritania

Congo

Swaziland

Cabo Verde Republic of

Senegal

Nigeria

Zambia

South Sudan

Côte d'Ivoire

Cameroon

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Ghana

Swaziland

Zambia

Lesotho

Mauritania

Senegal

Cabo Verde Republic of

Cameroon

Côte d'Ivoire

Nigeria

Congo

Sao Tome and Principe

South Sudan

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

Ghana

Lesotho

Swaziland

Zambia

Mauritania

Cabo Verde Republic of

Senegal

Sao Tome and Principe

Congo

Côte d'Ivoire

Nigeria

Cameroon

South Sudan

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

14%57%29%

Page 36: WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

32 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Guinea, 2012

Guinea spentDomestic funding

367 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $32 per capita Spending by households

- 67% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Guinea: • Guinea:

$508/capita 52 years 2012 average of low AFR income countries

• AFR low income countries: $527/capita

• AFR low income countries: 54 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Guinea: 680 per

100,000 live births

• AFR low income countries:655 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low AFR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((26%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((7%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

1995 2000 2005 2010

$12$13

$31

$19

$8

$28

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

5%

11%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

10%90%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Guinea

MalawiBurundiEritreaMozambiqueKenyaGambiaTogoBurkina FasoNigerRwandaChadUnited Republic of Tanzania

ComorosLiberiaBeninDemocratic Republic of the CongoSierra LeoneMadagascarUgandaMaliGuinea-BissauEthiopiaCentral African RepublicZimbabwe

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Guinea

RwandaLiberiaMalawiTogoBurundiDemocratic Republic of the CongoMadagascarMaliSierra LeoneBurkina FasoGambiaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaNigerBeninUnited Republic of TanzaniaUgandaComorosMozambiqueGuinea-Bissau

ChadKenyaEritreaZimbabwe

0% 2% 4% 6% 8%

Guinea

MalawiRwandaBurundiLiberiaTogoBurkina FasoGambiaDemocratic Republic of the CongoNigerMozambiqueUnited Republic of TanzaniaComorosSierra LeoneMadagascarBeninMaliUgandaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaKenya

ChadGuinea-BissauEritreaZimbabwe

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

5%28%67%

WHO African countries

Page 37: WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

33WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Guinea-Bissau, 2012

Guinea-Bissau spentDomestic funding

50 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $30 per capita Spending by households

- 43% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Guinea-Bissau: • Guinea-Bissau:

$507/capita 49 years 2012 average of low AFR income countries

• AFR low income countries: $527/capita

• AFR low income countries: 54 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Guinea-Bissau: 1,000 per

100,000 live births

• AFR low income countries:655 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low AFR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((17%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((8%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((1%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

1995 2000 2005 2010

$12$13

$31

$12

$7

$29

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%2%4%6%8%10%12%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

34%66%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Guinea-Bissau

MalawiBurundiEritreaMozambiqueKenyaGambiaTogoBurkina FasoNigerRwandaChadUnited Republic of TanzaniaGuineaComorosLiberiaBeninDemocratic Republic of the CongoSierra LeoneMadagascarUgandaMali

EthiopiaCentral African RepublicZimbabwe

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Guinea-Bissau

RwandaLiberiaMalawiTogoBurundiDemocratic Republic of the CongoMadagascarMaliSierra LeoneBurkina FasoGambiaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaNigerBeninUnited Republic of TanzaniaUgandaComorosMozambique

GuineaChadKenyaEritreaZimbabwe

0% 2% 4% 6% 8%

Guinea-Bissau

MalawiRwandaBurundiLiberiaTogoBurkina FasoGambiaDemocratic Republic of the CongoNigerMozambiqueUnited Republic of TanzaniaComorosSierra LeoneMadagascarBeninMaliUgandaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaKenyaGuineaChad

EritreaZimbabwe

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

34%23%43%

Page 38: WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

34 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Kenya, 2012

Kenya spentDomestic funding

1.9 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $45 per capita Spending by households

- 48% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Kenya: • Kenya:

$940/capita 60 years 2012 average of low AFR income countries

• AFR low income countries: $527/capita

• AFR low income countries: 54 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Kenya: 530 per

100,000 live births

• AFR low income countries:655 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low AFR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((31%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((6%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

1995 2000 2005 2010

$12$13

$31

$18

$15

$39

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%2%4%6%8%10%12%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

42%58%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Kenya

MalawiBurundiEritreaMozambique

GambiaTogoBurkina FasoNigerRwandaChadUnited Republic of TanzaniaGuineaComorosLiberiaBeninDemocratic Republic of the CongoSierra LeoneMadagascarUgandaMaliGuinea-BissauEthiopiaCentral African RepublicZimbabwe

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Kenya

RwandaLiberiaMalawiTogoBurundiDemocratic Republic of the CongoMadagascarMaliSierra LeoneBurkina FasoGambiaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaNigerBeninUnited Republic of TanzaniaUgandaComorosMozambiqueGuinea-BissauGuineaChad

EritreaZimbabwe

0% 2% 4% 6% 8%

Kenya

MalawiRwandaBurundiLiberiaTogoBurkina FasoGambiaDemocratic Republic of the CongoNigerMozambiqueUnited Republic of TanzaniaComorosSierra LeoneMadagascarBeninMaliUgandaCentral African RepublicEthiopia

GuineaChadGuinea-BissauEritreaZimbabwe

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

14%38%48%

WHO African countries

Page 39: WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

35WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Lesotho, 2012

Lesotho spentDomestic funding

283 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $138 per capita Spending by households

- 15% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Lesotho: • Lesotho:

$1,193/capita 48 years 2012 average of low-mid AFR income countries

• AFR low-mid income countries: $1,482/capita

• AFR low-mid income countries: 56 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Lesotho: 530 per

100,000 live births

• AFR low-mid income countries: 483 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low-mid AFR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((63%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((14%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((9%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

1995 2000 2005 2010

$48

$33

$86

$20

$105

$134

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

30%70%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Lesotho

Sao Tome and Principe

Mauritania

Congo

Swaziland

Cabo Verde Republic of

Ghana

Senegal

Nigeria

Zambia

South Sudan

Côte d'Ivoire

Cameroon

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Lesotho

Swaziland

Zambia

Mauritania

Ghana

Senegal

Cabo Verde Republic of

Cameroon

Côte d'Ivoire

Nigeria

Congo

Sao Tome and Principe

South Sudan

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

Lesotho

Swaziland

Zambia

Mauritania

Cabo Verde Republic of

Ghana

Senegal

Sao Tome and Principe

Congo

Côte d'Ivoire

Nigeria

Cameroon

South Sudan

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

7%79%15%

Page 40: WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

36 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Liberia, 2012

Liberia spentDomestic funding

274 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $65 per capita Spending by households

- 21% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Liberia: • Liberia:

$422/capita 56 years 2012 average of low AFR income countries

• AFR low income countries: $527/capita

• AFR low income countries: 54 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Liberia: 990 per

100,000 live births

• AFR low income countries:655 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low AFR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((24%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((19%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((5%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

1995 2000 2005 2010

$12$13

$31

$12

$17

$58

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

20%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

35%65%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Liberia

MalawiBurundiEritreaMozambiqueKenyaGambiaTogoBurkina FasoNigerRwandaChadUnited Republic of TanzaniaGuineaComoros

BeninDemocratic Republic of the CongoSierra LeoneMadagascarUgandaMaliGuinea-BissauEthiopiaCentral African RepublicZimbabwe

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

LiberiaRwanda

MalawiTogoBurundiDemocratic Republic of the CongoMadagascarMaliSierra LeoneBurkina FasoGambiaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaNigerBeninUnited Republic of TanzaniaUgandaComorosMozambiqueGuinea-BissauGuineaChadKenyaEritreaZimbabwe

0% 2% 4% 6% 8%

Liberia

MalawiRwandaBurundi

TogoBurkina FasoGambiaDemocratic Republic of the CongoNigerMozambiqueUnited Republic of TanzaniaComorosSierra LeoneMadagascarBeninMaliUgandaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaKenyaGuineaChadGuinea-BissauEritreaZimbabwe

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

49%30%21%

WHO African countries

Page 41: WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

37WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Madagascar, 2012

Madagascar spentDomestic funding

406 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $18 per capita Spending by households

- 31% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Madagascar: • Madagascar:

$443/capita 65 years 2012 average of low AFR income countries

• AFR low income countries: $527/capita

• AFR low income countries: 54 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Madagascar: 440 per

100,000 live births

• AFR low income countries:655 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low AFR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((20%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((13%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((2%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

1995 2000 2005 2010

$12$13

$31

$5

$10

$17

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

21%79%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Madagascar

MalawiBurundiEritreaMozambiqueKenyaGambiaTogoBurkina FasoNigerRwandaChadUnited Republic of TanzaniaGuineaComorosLiberiaBeninDemocratic Republic of the CongoSierra Leone

UgandaMaliGuinea-BissauEthiopiaCentral African RepublicZimbabwe

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Madagascar

RwandaLiberiaMalawiTogoBurundiDemocratic Republic of the Congo

MaliSierra LeoneBurkina FasoGambiaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaNigerBeninUnited Republic of TanzaniaUgandaComorosMozambiqueGuinea-BissauGuineaChadKenyaEritreaZimbabwe

0% 2% 4% 6% 8%

Madagascar

MalawiRwandaBurundiLiberiaTogoBurkina FasoGambiaDemocratic Republic of the CongoNigerMozambiqueUnited Republic of TanzaniaComorosSierra Leone

BeninMaliUgandaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaKenyaGuineaChadGuinea-BissauEritreaZimbabwe

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

8%61%31%

Page 42: WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

38 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Malawi, 2012

Malawi spentDomestic funding

390 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $25 per capita Spending by households

- 13% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Malawi: • Malawi:

$268/capita 47 years 2012 average of low AFR income countries

• AFR low income countries: $527/capita

• AFR low income countries: 54 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Malawi: 510 per

100,000 live births

• AFR low income countries:655 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low AFR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((39%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((18%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((7%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

1995 2000 2005 2010

$12$13

$31

$4

$25

$33

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

20%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

54%46%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

MalawiBurundiEritreaMozambiqueKenyaGambiaTogoBurkina FasoNigerRwandaChadUnited Republic of TanzaniaGuineaComorosLiberiaBeninDemocratic Republic of the CongoSierra LeoneMadagascarUgandaMaliGuinea-BissauEthiopiaCentral African RepublicZimbabwe

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Malawi

RwandaLiberia

TogoBurundiDemocratic Republic of the CongoMadagascarMaliSierra LeoneBurkina FasoGambiaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaNigerBeninUnited Republic of TanzaniaUgandaComorosMozambiqueGuinea-BissauGuineaChadKenyaEritreaZimbabwe

0% 2% 4% 6% 8%

MalawiRwandaBurundiLiberiaTogoBurkina FasoGambiaDemocratic Republic of the CongoNigerMozambiqueUnited Republic of TanzaniaComorosSierra LeoneMadagascarBeninMaliUgandaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaKenyaGuineaChadGuinea-BissauEritreaZimbabwe

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

11%77%13%

WHO African countries

Page 43: WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

39WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Mali, 2012

Mali spentDomestic funding

626 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $42 per capita Spending by households

- 61% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Mali: • Mali:

$724/capita 53 years 2012 average of low AFR income countries

• AFR low income countries: $527/capita

• AFR low income countries: 54 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Mali: 830 per

100,000 live births

• AFR low income countries:655 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low AFR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((18%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((13%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((2%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

1995 2000 2005 2010

$12$13

$31

$24

$15

$39

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

31%69%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Mali

MalawiBurundiEritreaMozambiqueKenyaGambiaTogoBurkina FasoNigerRwandaChadUnited Republic of TanzaniaGuineaComorosLiberiaBeninDemocratic Republic of the CongoSierra LeoneMadagascarUganda

Guinea-BissauEthiopiaCentral African RepublicZimbabwe

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Mali

RwandaLiberiaMalawiTogoBurundiDemocratic Republic of the CongoMadagascar

Sierra LeoneBurkina FasoGambiaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaNigerBeninUnited Republic of TanzaniaUgandaComorosMozambiqueGuinea-BissauGuineaChadKenyaEritreaZimbabwe

0% 2% 4% 6% 8%

Mali

MalawiRwandaBurundiLiberiaTogoBurkina FasoGambiaDemocratic Republic of the CongoNigerMozambiqueUnited Republic of TanzaniaComorosSierra LeoneMadagascarBenin

UgandaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaKenyaGuineaChadGuinea-BissauEritreaZimbabwe

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

0%39%61%

Page 44: WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

40 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Mauritania, 2012

Mauritania spentDomestic funding

196 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $52 per capita Spending by households

- 34% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Mauritania: • Mauritania:

$809/capita 58 years 2012 average of low-mid AFR income countries

• AFR low-mid income countries: $1,482/capita

• AFR low-mid income countries: 56 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Mauritania: 550 per

100,000 live births

• AFR low-mid income countries: 483 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low-mid AFR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((41%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((10%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((4%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

1995 2000 2005 2010

$48

$33

$86

$17

$32

$51

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

20%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

8%92%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Mauritania

Lesotho

Sao Tome and Principe

Congo

Swaziland

Cabo Verde Republic of

Ghana

Senegal

Nigeria

Zambia

South Sudan

Côte d'Ivoire

Cameroon

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Mauritania

Swaziland

Zambia

Lesotho

Ghana

Senegal

Cabo Verde Republic of

Cameroon

Côte d'Ivoire

Nigeria

Congo

Sao Tome and Principe

South Sudan

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

Mauritania

Lesotho

Swaziland

Zambia

Cabo Verde Republic of

Ghana

Senegal

Sao Tome and Principe

Congo

Côte d'Ivoire

Nigeria

Cameroon

South Sudan

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

2%64%34%

WHO African countries

Page 45: WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

41WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Mauritius, 2012

Mauritius spentDomestic funding

551 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $444 per capita Spending by households

- 47% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Mauritius: • Mauritius:

$9,238/capita 73 years 2012 average of up-mid AFR income countries

• AFR up-mid income countries: $6,402/capita

• AFR up-mid income countries: 63 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Mauritius: 36 per

100,000 live births

• AFR up-mid income countries: 258 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among up-mid AFR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((23%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((10%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

1995 2000 2005 2010

$48

$247

$433

$189$198

$404

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%2%4%6%8%10%12%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Mauritius

Algeria

Seychelles

Angola

Botswana

Namibia

South Africa

Gabon

0% 5% 10% 15%

Mauritius

Namibia

South Africa

Seychelles

Algeria

Botswana

Gabon

Angola

0% 2% 4% 6%

Mauritius

Namibia

Algeria

Seychelles

South Africa

Botswana

Angola

Gabon

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

4%49%47%

Page 46: WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

42 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Mozambique, 2012

Mozambique spentDomestic funding

937 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $37 per capita Spending by households

- 5% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Mozambique: • Mozambique:

$579/capita 49 years 2012 average of low AFR income countries

• AFR low income countries: $527/capita

• AFR low income countries: 54 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Mozambique: 550 per

100,000 live births

• AFR low income countries:655 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low AFR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((32%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((9%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((3%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

1995 2000 2005 2010

$12$13

$31

$1

$12

$27

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

20%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

56%44%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Mozambique

MalawiBurundiEritrea

KenyaGambiaTogoBurkina FasoNigerRwandaChadUnited Republic of TanzaniaGuineaComorosLiberiaBeninDemocratic Republic of the CongoSierra LeoneMadagascarUgandaMaliGuinea-BissauEthiopiaCentral African RepublicZimbabwe

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Mozambique

RwandaLiberiaMalawiTogoBurundiDemocratic Republic of the CongoMadagascarMaliSierra LeoneBurkina FasoGambiaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaNigerBeninUnited Republic of TanzaniaUgandaComoros

Guinea-BissauGuineaChadKenyaEritreaZimbabwe

0% 2% 4% 6% 8%

Mozambique

MalawiRwandaBurundiLiberiaTogoBurkina FasoGambiaDemocratic Republic of the CongoNiger

United Republic of TanzaniaComorosSierra LeoneMadagascarBeninMaliUgandaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaKenyaGuineaChadGuinea-BissauEritreaZimbabwe

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

51%44%5%

WHO African countries

Page 47: WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

43WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Namibia, 2012

Namibia spentDomestic funding

1.1 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $473 per capita Spending by households

- 7% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Namibia: • Namibia:

$5,668/capita 57 years 2012 average of up-mid AFR income countries

• AFR up-mid income countries: $6,402/capita

• AFR up-mid income countries: 63 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Namibia: 180 per

100,000 live births

• AFR up-mid income countries: 258 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among up-mid AFR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((37%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((14%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((5%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

1995 2000 2005 2010

$48

$247

$433

$30

$274

$445

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

8%92%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Namibia

Algeria

Seychelles

Angola

Botswana

South Africa

Gabon

Mauritius

0% 5% 10% 15%

Namibia

South Africa

Seychelles

Mauritius

Algeria

Botswana

Gabon

Angola

0% 2% 4% 6%

Namibia

Algeria

Seychelles

South Africa

Botswana

Mauritius

Angola

Gabon

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

31%62%7%

Page 48: WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

44 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Niger, 2012

Niger spentDomestic funding

437 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $25 per capita Spending by households

- 53% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Niger: • Niger:

$356/capita 57 years 2012 average of low AFR income countries

• AFR low income countries: $527/capita

• AFR low income countries: 54 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Niger: 820 per

100,000 live births

• AFR low income countries:655 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low AFR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((28%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((10%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((3%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

1995 2000 2005 2010

$12$13

$31

$13

$9

$24

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

20%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

20%80%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Niger

MalawiBurundiEritreaMozambiqueKenyaGambiaTogoBurkina Faso

RwandaChadUnited Republic of TanzaniaGuineaComorosLiberiaBeninDemocratic Republic of the CongoSierra LeoneMadagascarUgandaMaliGuinea-BissauEthiopiaCentral African RepublicZimbabwe

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Niger

RwandaLiberiaMalawiTogoBurundiDemocratic Republic of the CongoMadagascarMaliSierra LeoneBurkina FasoGambiaCentral African RepublicEthiopia

BeninUnited Republic of TanzaniaUgandaComorosMozambiqueGuinea-BissauGuineaChadKenyaEritreaZimbabwe

0% 2% 4% 6% 8%

Niger

MalawiRwandaBurundiLiberiaTogoBurkina FasoGambiaDemocratic Republic of the Congo

MozambiqueUnited Republic of TanzaniaComorosSierra LeoneMadagascarBeninMaliUgandaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaKenyaGuineaChadGuinea-BissauEritreaZimbabwe

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

7%40%53%

WHO African countries

Page 49: WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

45WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Nigeria, 2012

Nigeria spentDomestic funding

16 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $94 per capita Spending by households

- 66% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Nigeria: • Nigeria:

$1,555/capita 54 years 2012 average of low-mid AFR income countries

• AFR low-mid income countries: $1,482/capita

• AFR low-mid income countries: 56 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Nigeria: 840 per

100,000 live births

• AFR low-mid income countries: 483 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low-mid AFR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((28%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((7%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

1995 2000 2005 2010

$48

$33

$86

$62

$29

$94

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

5%95%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Nigeria

Lesotho

Sao Tome and Principe

Mauritania

Congo

Swaziland

Cabo Verde Republic of

Ghana

Senegal

Zambia

South Sudan

Côte d'Ivoire

Cameroon

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Nigeria

Swaziland

Zambia

Lesotho

Mauritania

Ghana

Senegal

Cabo Verde Republic of

Cameroon

Côte d'Ivoire

Congo

Sao Tome and Principe

South Sudan

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

Nigeria

Lesotho

Swaziland

Zambia

Mauritania

Cabo Verde Republic of

Ghana

Senegal

Sao Tome and Principe

Congo

Côte d'Ivoire

Cameroon

South Sudan

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

3%31%66%

Page 50: WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

46 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Rwanda, 2012

Rwanda spentDomestic funding

757 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $66 per capita Spending by households

- 21% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Rwanda: • Rwanda:

$620/capita 59 years 2012 average of low AFR income countries

• AFR low income countries: $527/capita

• AFR low income countries: 54 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Rwanda: 540 per

100,000 live births

• AFR low income countries:655 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low AFR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((28%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((22%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((6%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

1995 2000 2005 2010

$12$13

$31

$13

$35

$61

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

47%53%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Rwanda

MalawiBurundiEritreaMozambiqueKenyaGambiaTogoBurkina FasoNiger

ChadUnited Republic of TanzaniaGuineaComorosLiberiaBeninDemocratic Republic of the CongoSierra LeoneMadagascarUgandaMaliGuinea-BissauEthiopiaCentral African RepublicZimbabwe

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

RwandaLiberiaMalawiTogoBurundiDemocratic Republic of the CongoMadagascarMaliSierra LeoneBurkina FasoGambiaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaNigerBeninUnited Republic of TanzaniaUgandaComorosMozambiqueGuinea-BissauGuineaChadKenyaEritreaZimbabwe

0% 2% 4% 6% 8%

RwandaMalawi

BurundiLiberiaTogoBurkina FasoGambiaDemocratic Republic of the CongoNigerMozambiqueUnited Republic of TanzaniaComorosSierra LeoneMadagascarBeninMaliUgandaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaKenyaGuineaChadGuinea-BissauEritreaZimbabwe

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

22%57%21%

WHO African countries

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47WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Sao Tome and Principe, 2012

Sao Tome and Principe spent Domestic funding

21 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $109 per capita Spending by households

- 52% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Sao Tome and Principe:

• Sao Tome and Principe:

$1,386/capita 68 years 2012 average of low-mid AFR income countries

• AFR low-mid income countries: $1,482/capita

• AFR low-mid income countries: 56 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Sao Tome and Principe: 0 per

100,000 live births

• AFR low-mid income countries: 483 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low-mid AFR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((45%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((6%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((2%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

1995 2000 2005 2010

$48

$33

$86

$57

$35

$110

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

5%

11%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

43%57%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Sao Tome and Principe

Lesotho

Mauritania

Congo

Swaziland

Cabo Verde Republic of

Ghana

Senegal

Nigeria

Zambia

South Sudan

Côte d'Ivoire

Cameroon

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Sao Tome and Principe

Swaziland

Zambia

Lesotho

Mauritania

Ghana

Senegal

Cabo Verde Republic of

Cameroon

Côte d'Ivoire

Nigeria

Congo

South Sudan

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

Sao Tome and Principe

Lesotho

Swaziland

Zambia

Mauritania

Cabo Verde Republic of

Ghana

Senegal

Congo

Côte d'Ivoire

Nigeria

Cameroon

South Sudan

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

17%32%52%

Page 52: WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

48 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Senegal, 2012

Senegal spentDomestic funding

703 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $51 per capita Spending by households

- 34% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Senegal: • Senegal:

$1,032/capita 62 years 2012 average of low-mid AFR income countries

• AFR low-mid income countries: $1,482/capita

• AFR low-mid income countries: 56 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Senegal: 410 per

100,000 live births

• AFR low-mid income countries: 483 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low-mid AFR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((29%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((10%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((3%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

1995 2000 2005 2010

$48

$33

$86

$17

$28

$49

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

5%

11%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

19%81%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Senegal

Lesotho

Sao Tome and Principe

Mauritania

Congo

Swaziland

Cabo Verde Republic of

Ghana

Nigeria

Zambia

South Sudan

Côte d'Ivoire

Cameroon

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Senegal

Swaziland

Zambia

Lesotho

Mauritania

Ghana

Cabo Verde Republic of

Cameroon

Côte d'Ivoire

Nigeria

Congo

Sao Tome and Principe

South Sudan

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

Senegal

Lesotho

Swaziland

Zambia

Mauritania

Cabo Verde Republic of

Ghana

Sao Tome and Principe

Congo

Côte d'Ivoire

Nigeria

Cameroon

South Sudan

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

10%56%34%

WHO African countries

Page 53: WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

49WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Seychelles, 2012

Seychelles spentDomestic funding

48 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $521 per capita Spending by households

- 2% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Seychelles: • Seychelles:

$11,178/capita 73 years 2012 average of up-mid AFR income countries

• AFR up-mid income countries: $6,402/capita

• AFR up-mid income countries: 63 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Seychelles: 0 per

100,000 live births

• AFR up-mid income countries: 258 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among up-mid AFR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((40%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((11%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((4%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

1995 2000 2005 2010

$48

$247

$433

$13

$495$531

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

5%

11%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

8%92%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Seychelles

Algeria

Angola

Botswana

Namibia

South Africa

Gabon

Mauritius

0% 5% 10% 15%

Seychelles

Namibia

South Africa

Mauritius

Algeria

Botswana

Gabon

Angola

0% 2% 4% 6%

Seychelles

Namibia

Algeria

South Africa

Botswana

Mauritius

Angola

Gabon

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

4%93%2%

Page 54: WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

50 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Sierra Leone, 2012

Sierra Leone spentDomestic funding

572 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $96 per capita Spending by households

- 76% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Sierra Leone: • Sierra Leone:

$635/capita 49 years 2012 average of low AFR income countries

• AFR low income countries: $527/capita

• AFR low income countries: 54 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Sierra Leone: 970 per

100,000 live births

• AFR low income countries:655 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low AFR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((20%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((12%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((2%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

1995 2000 2005 2010

$12$13

$31

$60

$13

$79

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

13%87%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Sierra Leone

MalawiBurundiEritreaMozambiqueKenyaGambiaTogoBurkina FasoNigerRwandaChadUnited Republic of TanzaniaGuineaComorosLiberiaBeninDemocratic Republic of the Congo

MadagascarUgandaMaliGuinea-BissauEthiopiaCentral African RepublicZimbabwe

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Sierra Leone

RwandaLiberiaMalawiTogoBurundiDemocratic Republic of the CongoMadagascarMali

Burkina FasoGambiaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaNigerBeninUnited Republic of TanzaniaUgandaComorosMozambiqueGuinea-BissauGuineaChadKenyaEritreaZimbabwe

0% 2% 4% 6% 8%

Sierra Leone

MalawiRwandaBurundiLiberiaTogoBurkina FasoGambiaDemocratic Republic of the CongoNigerMozambiqueUnited Republic of TanzaniaComoros

MadagascarBeninMaliUgandaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaKenyaGuineaChadGuinea-BissauEritreaZimbabwe

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

7%17%76%

WHO African countries

Page 55: WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

51WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: South Africa, 2012

South Africa spentDomestic funding

34 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $645 per capita Spending by households

- 7% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• South Africa: • South Africa:

$7,336/capita 54 years 2012 average of up-mid AFR income countries

• AFR up-mid income countries: $6,402/capita

• AFR up-mid income countries: 63 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• South Africa: 410 per

100,000 live births

• AFR up-mid income countries: 258 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among up-mid AFR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((33%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((13%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((4%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

1995 2000 2005 2010

$48

$247

$433

$46

$310

$646

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

5%

11%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

2%98%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

South Africa

Algeria

Seychelles

Angola

Botswana

Namibia

Gabon

Mauritius

0% 5% 10% 15%

South Africa

Namibia

Seychelles

Mauritius

Algeria

Botswana

Gabon

Angola

0% 2% 4% 6%

South Africa

Namibia

Algeria

Seychelles

Botswana

Mauritius

Angola

Gabon

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

45%48%7%

Page 56: WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

52 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Swaziland, 2012

Swaziland spentDomestic funding

319 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $259 per capita Spending by households

- 11% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Swaziland: • Swaziland:

$3,042/capita 49 years 2012 average of low-mid AFR income countries

• AFR low-mid income countries: $1,482/capita

• AFR low-mid income countries: 56 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Swaziland: 420 per

100,000 live births

• AFR low-mid income countries: 483 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low-mid AFR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((35%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((18%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((6%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

1995 2000 2005 2010

$48$33

$86

$28

$187

$253

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

20%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

22%78%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Swaziland

Lesotho

Sao Tome and Principe

Mauritania

Congo

Cabo Verde Republic of

Ghana

Senegal

Nigeria

Zambia

South Sudan

Côte d'Ivoire

Cameroon

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Swaziland

Zambia

Lesotho

Mauritania

Ghana

Senegal

Cabo Verde Republic of

Cameroon

Côte d'Ivoire

Nigeria

Congo

Sao Tome and Principe

South Sudan

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

Swaziland

Lesotho

Zambia

Mauritania

Cabo Verde Republic of

Ghana

Senegal

Sao Tome and Principe

Congo

Côte d'Ivoire

Nigeria

Cameroon

South Sudan

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

15%74%11%

WHO African countries

Page 57: WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

53WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Togo, 2012

Togo spentDomestic funding

271 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $41 per capita Spending by households

- 41% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Togo: • Togo:

$472/capita 59 years 2012 average of low AFR income countries

• AFR low income countries: $527/capita

• AFR low income countries: 54 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Togo: 350 per

100,000 live births

• AFR low income countries:655 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low AFR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((29%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((15%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((4%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

1995 2000 2005 2010

$12$13

$31

$15

$19

$38

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

18%82%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Togo

MalawiBurundiEritreaMozambiqueKenyaGambia

Burkina FasoNigerRwandaChadUnited Republic of TanzaniaGuineaComorosLiberiaBeninDemocratic Republic of the CongoSierra LeoneMadagascarUgandaMaliGuinea-BissauEthiopiaCentral African RepublicZimbabwe

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Togo

RwandaLiberiaMalawi

BurundiDemocratic Republic of the CongoMadagascarMaliSierra LeoneBurkina FasoGambiaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaNigerBeninUnited Republic of TanzaniaUgandaComorosMozambiqueGuinea-BissauGuineaChadKenyaEritreaZimbabwe

0% 2% 4% 6% 8%

Togo

MalawiRwandaBurundiLiberia

Burkina FasoGambiaDemocratic Republic of the CongoNigerMozambiqueUnited Republic of TanzaniaComorosSierra LeoneMadagascarBeninMaliUgandaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaKenyaGuineaChadGuinea-BissauEritreaZimbabwe

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

7%51%41%

Page 58: WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

54 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Uganda, 2012

Uganda spentDomestic funding

1.6 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $44 per capita Spending by households

- 49% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Uganda: • Uganda:

$547/capita 52 years 2012 average of low AFR income countries

• AFR low income countries: $527/capita

• AFR low income countries: 54 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Uganda: 430 per

100,000 live births

• AFR low income countries:655 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low AFR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((19%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((10%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((2%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

1995 2000 2005 2010

$12$13

$31

$19

$9

$39

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

5%

11%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

29%71%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Uganda

MalawiBurundiEritreaMozambiqueKenyaGambiaTogoBurkina FasoNigerRwandaChadUnited Republic of TanzaniaGuineaComorosLiberiaBeninDemocratic Republic of the CongoSierra LeoneMadagascar

MaliGuinea-BissauEthiopiaCentral African RepublicZimbabwe

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Uganda

RwandaLiberiaMalawiTogoBurundiDemocratic Republic of the CongoMadagascarMaliSierra LeoneBurkina FasoGambiaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaNigerBeninUnited Republic of Tanzania

ComorosMozambiqueGuinea-BissauGuineaChadKenyaEritreaZimbabwe

0% 2% 4% 6% 8%

Uganda

MalawiRwandaBurundiLiberiaTogoBurkina FasoGambiaDemocratic Republic of the CongoNigerMozambiqueUnited Republic of TanzaniaComorosSierra LeoneMadagascarBeninMali

Central African RepublicEthiopiaKenyaGuineaChadGuinea-BissauEritreaZimbabwe

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

27%24%49%

WHO African countries

Page 59: WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

55WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: United Republic of Tanzania, 2012

United Republic of Tanzania spent Domestic funding

2.0 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $41 per capita Spending by households

- 32% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• United Republic of Tanzania:

• United Republic of Tanzania:

$591/capita 55 years 2012 average of low AFR income countries

• AFR low income countries: $527/capita

• AFR low income countries: 54 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• United Republic of Tanzania: 790 per

100,000 live births

• AFR low income countries:655 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low AFR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((27%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((10%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((3%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

1995 2000 2005 2010

$12$13

$31

$12

$15

$38

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

20%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

38%62%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

United Republic of Tanzania

MalawiBurundiEritreaMozambiqueKenyaGambiaTogoBurkina FasoNigerRwandaChad

GuineaComorosLiberiaBeninDemocratic Republic of the CongoSierra LeoneMadagascarUgandaMaliGuinea-BissauEthiopiaCentral African RepublicZimbabwe

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

United Republic of Tanzania

RwandaLiberiaMalawiTogoBurundiDemocratic Republic of the CongoMadagascarMaliSierra LeoneBurkina FasoGambiaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaNigerBenin

UgandaComorosMozambiqueGuinea-BissauGuineaChadKenyaEritreaZimbabwe

0% 2% 4% 6% 8%

United Republic of Tanzania

MalawiRwandaBurundiLiberiaTogoBurkina FasoGambiaDemocratic Republic of the CongoNigerMozambique

ComorosSierra LeoneMadagascarBeninMaliUgandaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaKenyaGuineaChadGuinea-BissauEritreaZimbabwe

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

29%39%32%

Page 60: WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

56 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Zambia, 2012

Zambia spentDomestic funding

1.4 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $96 per capita Spending by households

- 24% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Zambia: • Zambia:

$1,469/capita 48 years 2012 average of low-mid AFR income countries

• AFR low-mid income countries: $1,482/capita

• AFR low-mid income countries: 56 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Zambia: 470 per

100,000 live births

• AFR low-mid income countries: 483 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low-mid AFR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((26%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((16%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((4%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

1995 2000 2005 2010

$48

$33

$86

$21

$55

$86

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

20%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

32%68%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Zambia

Lesotho

Sao Tome and Principe

Mauritania

Congo

Swaziland

Cabo Verde Republic of

Ghana

Senegal

Nigeria

South Sudan

Côte d'Ivoire

Cameroon

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Zambia

Swaziland

Lesotho

Mauritania

Ghana

Senegal

Cabo Verde Republic of

Cameroon

Côte d'Ivoire

Nigeria

Congo

Sao Tome and Principe

South Sudan

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

Zambia

Lesotho

Swaziland

Mauritania

Cabo Verde Republic of

Ghana

Senegal

Sao Tome and Principe

Congo

Côte d'Ivoire

Nigeria

Cameroon

South Sudan

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

12%64%24%

WHO African countries

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57WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Zimbabwe, 2012

Zimbabwe spentDomestic funding

0 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $0 per capita Spending by households

- 0% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Zimbabwe: • Zimbabwe:

$0/capita 49 years 2012 average of low AFR income countries

• AFR low income countries: $527/capita

• AFR low income countries: 54 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Zimbabwe: 790 per

100,000 live births

• AFR low income countries:655 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low AFR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((0%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((0%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((0%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

10

12

14

16

18

20

22

24

26

28

30

32

1995 2000 2005 2010

$12$13

$31

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

-150%-100%-50%0%50%100%150%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Zimbabwe

MalawiBurundiEritreaMozambiqueKenyaGambiaTogoBurkina FasoNigerRwandaChadUnited Republic of TanzaniaGuineaComorosLiberiaBeninDemocratic Republic of the CongoSierra LeoneMadagascarUgandaMaliGuinea-BissauEthiopiaCentral African Republic

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Zimbabwe

RwandaLiberiaMalawiTogoBurundiDemocratic Republic of the CongoMadagascarMaliSierra LeoneBurkina FasoGambiaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaNigerBeninUnited Republic of TanzaniaUgandaComorosMozambiqueGuinea-BissauGuineaChadKenyaEritrea

0% 2% 4% 6% 8%

Zimbabwe

MalawiRwandaBurundiLiberiaTogoBurkina FasoGambiaDemocratic Republic of the CongoNigerMozambiqueUnited Republic of TanzaniaComorosSierra LeoneMadagascarBeninMaliUgandaCentral African RepublicEthiopiaKenyaGuineaChadGuinea-BissauEritrea

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

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58 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Antigua and Barbuda

Argentina

Bahamas

Barbados

Belize

Bolivia Plurinational States

Brazil

Canada

Chile

Colombia

Costa Rica

Cuba

Dominica

Domincan Republic

Ecuador

El Salvador

Grenada

Guatemala

Guyana

Haiti

Honduras

Jamaica

Mexico

Nicaragua

Panama

Paraguay

Peru

Saint Kitts and Nevis

Saint Lucia

Saint Vincent and Grenadines

Suriname

Trinidad and Tobago

United States of America

Uruguay

Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

WHO Region of the Americas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2010 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Antigua and Barbuda, 2012

Antigua and Barbuda spent Domestic funding

61 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $681 per capita Spending by households

- 22% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Antigua and Barbuda: • Antigua and Barbuda:

$13,207/capita 74 years 2012 average of hi AMR income countries

• AMR hi income countries:$47,830/capita

• AMR hi income countries: 76 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Antigua and Barbuda: 0 per

100,000 live births

• AMR hi income countries:37 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among hi AMR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((22%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((18%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((4%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

1995 2000 2005 2010

$936

$3,899

$8,124

$145$493$654

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

20%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Antigua and Barbuda

Canada

Barbados

United States of America

Trinidad and Tobago

Saint Kitts and Nevis

Uruguay

Chile

Bahamas

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%

Antigua and Barbuda

Uruguay

United States of America

Canada

Bahamas

Chile

Barbados

Trinidad and Tobago

Saint Kitts and Nevis

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

Antigua and Barbuda

United States of America

Canada

Uruguay

Barbados

Chile

Bahamas

Trinidad and Tobago

Saint Kitts and Nevis

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

2%75%22%

List of countries in WHO Region of the Americas

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60 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Argentina, 2012

Argentina spentDomestic funding

41 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $995 per capita Spending by households

- 20% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Argentina: • Argentina:

$11,717/capita 75 years 2012 average of up-mid AMR income countries

• AMR up-mid income countries:$10,094/capita

• AMR up-mid income countries: 75 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Argentina: 70 per

100,000 live births

• AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among up-mid AMR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((26%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((22%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((6%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1995 2000 2005 2010

$253

$409

$778

$172

$593

$857

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

1%99%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%

Argentina

CubaBrazilSaint LuciaPanamaEcuadorDominicaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesGrenadaBelizeJamaicaVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)SurinameColombiaCosta Rica

MexicoDominican RepublicPeru

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%

ArgentinaCosta Rica

ColombiaPeruMexicoDominican RepublicPanamaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesBelizeSurinameCubaJamaicaDominicaSaint LuciaGrenadaBrazilEcuadorVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

Argentina

CubaCosta Rica

PanamaColombiaSaint LuciaBrazilSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesDominicaBelizeSurinameJamaicaMexicoPeruGrenadaEcuadorDominican RepublicVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

11%69%20%

Countries in WHO Region of the Americas

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Bahamas, 2012

Bahamas spentDomestic funding

612 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $1,647 per capita Spending by households

- 29% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Bahamas: • Bahamas:

$21,908/capita 76 years 2012 average of hi AMR income countries

• AMR hi income countries:$47,830/capita

• AMR hi income countries: 76 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Bahamas: 49 per

100,000 live births

• AMR hi income countries:37 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among hi AMR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((22%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((16%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((3%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

1995 2000 2005 2010

$936

$3,899

$8,124

$480$760

$1,650

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

20%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Bahamas

Canada

Barbados

United States of America

Trinidad and Tobago

Saint Kitts and Nevis

Uruguay

Chile

Antigua and Barbuda

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%

Bahamas

Uruguay

United States of America

Antigua and Barbuda

Canada

Chile

Barbados

Trinidad and Tobago

Saint Kitts and Nevis

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

Bahamas

United States of America

Canada

Uruguay

Barbados

Antigua and Barbuda

Chile

Trinidad and Tobago

Saint Kitts and Nevis

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

25%46%29%

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62 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Barbados, 2012

Barbados spentDomestic funding

266 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $938 per capita Spending by households

- 34% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Barbados: • Barbados:

$14,917/capita 76 years 2012 average of hi AMR income countries

• AMR hi income countries:$47,830/capita

• AMR hi income countries: 76 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Barbados: 64 per

100,000 live births

• AMR hi income countries:37 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among hi AMR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((42%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((10%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((4%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

1995 2000 2005 2010

$936

$3,899

$8,124

$306$584$890

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

5%

11%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

2%98%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Barbados

Canada

United States of America

Trinidad and Tobago

Saint Kitts and Nevis

Uruguay

Chile

Bahamas

Antigua and Barbuda

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%

Barbados

Uruguay

United States of America

Antigua and Barbuda

Canada

Bahamas

Chile

Trinidad and Tobago

Saint Kitts and Nevis

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

Barbados

United States of America

Canada

Uruguay

Antigua and Barbuda

Chile

Bahamas

Trinidad and Tobago

Saint Kitts and Nevis

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

66%34%

Countries in WHO Region of the Americas

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Belize, 2012

Belize spentDomestic funding

84 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $259 per capita Spending by households

- 24% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Belize: • Belize:

$4,468/capita 0 years 2012 average of up-mid AMR income countries

• AMR up-mid income countries:$10,094/capita

• AMR up-mid income countries: 0 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Belize: 0 per

100,000 live births

• AMR up-mid income countries: 0 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among up-mid AMR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((31%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((12%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((4%))

Source: National Health Accounts database, World Health Organization ([email protected])

Footnote:

All the indicators refer to expenditures by Financing Agent classification except External resources which falls in to Financing Source classification. While the components of Total health expenditure (THE) would come up to 100% within the same classification, one cannot expect sum of components of different classifications to come up to THE.Eg. Sum of General government (GG), components of Private (Pvt) expenditures on health and Externally funded expenditures on health may not add up to THE, as external resources (as a Financing Source) might flow through government or private and will be double counted.We recommend further reading on this, in the ‘Glossary of terms’ in the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/In some cases, the sum of components of the same classification may not add up to 100% because of rounding”.When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1.

In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000), unless otherwise stated for the country. Absolute values of expenditures are expressed in nominal terms (current prices).National currency unit per US$ are calculated using the average exchange rates for the year. For 2008, 2009 the use of yearly average exchange rates (compared to year-end exchange rates) may not fully represent the impact of the global financial crisis.

National currency unit per US$ are calculated using the average exchange rates for the year. For 2008, 2009 the use of yearly average exchange rates (compared to year-end exchange rates) may not fully represent the impact of the global financial crisis.PPP series resulting from the 2005 International comparison project (ICP) estimated by the World Bank has been used. In countries where this is not available, PPPs are estimated by the WHO.

Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used.

Source : Health expenditure series, World Health Organization, Geneva, (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

1995 2000 2005 2010

$61

$172

$260

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

5%

11%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

1%99%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%

Belize

CubaBrazilSaint LuciaPanamaEcuadorDominicaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesGrenada

JamaicaVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)SurinameColombiaCosta RicaArgentinaMexicoDominican RepublicPeru

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%

Belize

Costa RicaArgentinaColombiaPeruMexicoDominican RepublicPanamaSaint Vincent and the Grenadines

SurinameCubaJamaicaDominicaSaint LuciaGrenadaBrazilEcuadorVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

Belize

CubaCosta RicaArgentinaPanamaColombiaSaint LuciaBrazilSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesDominica

SurinameJamaicaMexicoPeruGrenadaEcuadorDominican RepublicVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Total expenditure on health

Government expenditure on health

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General government expenditure on health %

GGE

General government expenditure on health %

GDP

11%65%24%

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64 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Bolivia Plurinational States of , 2012

Bolivia Plurinational States of spent Domestic funding

1.6 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $149 per capita Spending by households

- 23% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Bolivia Plurinational States of :

• Bolivia Plurinational States of :

$2,576/capita 68 years 2012 average of low-mid AMR income countries

• AMR low-mid income countries: $2,967/capita

• AMR low-mid income countries: 70 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Bolivia Plurinational States of : 180 per

100,000 live births

• AMR low-mid income countries: 139 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low-mid AMR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((44%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((10%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((4%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

50

100

150

200

250

1995 2000 2005 2010

$98$109

$221

$28

$86

$120

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%2%4%6%8%10%12%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

4%96%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Bolivia Plurinational States of

Paraguay

Honduras

Guyana

El Salvador

Nicaragua

Guatemala

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Bolivia Plurinational States of

Nicaragua

Guatemala

El Salvador

Guyana

Honduras

Paraguay

0% 2% 4% 6%

Bolivia Plurinational States of

Nicaragua

Paraguay

Guyana

Honduras

El Salvador

Guatemala

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

5%72%23%

Countries in WHO Region of the Americas

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Brazil, 2012

Brazil spentDomestic funding

210 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $1,056 per capita Spending by households

- 31% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Brazil: • Brazil:

$11,348/capita 73 years 2012 average of up-mid AMR income countries

• AMR up-mid income countries:$10,094/capita

• AMR up-mid income countries: 75 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Brazil: 58 per

100,000 live births

• AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among up-mid AMR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((57%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((8%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((4%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1,000

1,100

1995 2000 2005 2010

$253

$409

$778

$322

$483

$1,041

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%2%4%6%8%10%12%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

0%100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%

BrazilCuba

Saint LuciaPanamaEcuadorDominicaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesGrenadaBelizeJamaicaVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)SurinameColombiaCosta RicaArgentinaMexicoDominican RepublicPeru

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%

Brazil

Costa RicaArgentinaColombiaPeruMexicoDominican RepublicPanamaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesBelizeSurinameCubaJamaicaDominicaSaint LuciaGrenada

EcuadorVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

Brazil

CubaCosta RicaArgentinaPanamaColombiaSaint Lucia

Saint Vincent and the GrenadinesDominicaBelizeSurinameJamaicaMexicoPeruGrenadaEcuadorDominican RepublicVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

23%46%31%

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66 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Canada, 2012

Canada spentDomestic funding

199 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $5,741 per capita Spending by households

- 15% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Canada: • Canada:

$52,530/capita 81 years 2012 average of hi AMR income countries

• AMR hi income countries:$47,830/capita

• AMR hi income countries: 76 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Canada: 12 per

100,000 live births

• AMR hi income countries:37 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among hi AMR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((44%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((17%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((8%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

1995 2000 2005 2010

$936

$3,899

$8,124

$777

$3,631

$5,183

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

20%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Canada

Barbados

United States of America

Trinidad and Tobago

Saint Kitts and Nevis

Uruguay

Chile

Bahamas

Antigua and Barbuda

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%

Canada

Uruguay

United States of America

Antigua and Barbuda

Bahamas

Chile

Barbados

Trinidad and Tobago

Saint Kitts and Nevis

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

Canada

United States of America

Uruguay

Barbados

Antigua and Barbuda

Chile

Bahamas

Trinidad and Tobago

Saint Kitts and Nevis

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

15%70%15%

Countries in WHO Region of the Americas

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67WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Chile, 2012

Chile spentDomestic funding

19 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $1,103 per capita Spending by households

- 32% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Chile: • Chile:

$15,363/capita 79 years 2012 average of hi AMR income countries

• AMR hi income countries:$47,830/capita

• AMR hi income countries: 76 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Chile: 26 per

100,000 live births

• AMR hi income countries:37 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among hi AMR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((23%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((15%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((3%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

1995 2000 2005 2010

$936

$3,899

$8,124

$321$485$999

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

0%100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Chile

Canada

Barbados

United States of America

Trinidad and Tobago

Saint Kitts and Nevis

Uruguay

Bahamas

Antigua and Barbuda

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%

Chile

Uruguay

United States of America

Antigua and Barbuda

Canada

Bahamas

Barbados

Trinidad and Tobago

Saint Kitts and Nevis

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

Chile

United States of America

Canada

Uruguay

Barbados

Antigua and Barbuda

Bahamas

Trinidad and Tobago

Saint Kitts and Nevis

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

19%49%32%

Page 72: WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

68 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Colombia, 2012

Colombia spentDomestic funding

25 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $530 per capita Spending by households

- 15% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Colombia: • Colombia:

$7,752/capita 76 years 2012 average of up-mid AMR income countries

• AMR up-mid income countries:$10,094/capita

• AMR up-mid income countries: 75 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Colombia: 85 per

100,000 live births

• AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among up-mid AMR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((28%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((19%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((5%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

1995 2000 2005 2010

$253

$409

$778

$67

$346

$456

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

1%99%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%

Colombia

CubaBrazilSaint LuciaPanamaEcuadorDominicaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesGrenadaBelizeJamaicaVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)Suriname

Costa RicaArgentinaMexicoDominican RepublicPeru

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%

Colombia

Costa RicaArgentina

PeruMexicoDominican RepublicPanamaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesBelizeSurinameCubaJamaicaDominicaSaint LuciaGrenadaBrazilEcuadorVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

Colombia

CubaCosta RicaArgentinaPanama

Saint LuciaBrazilSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesDominicaBelizeSurinameJamaicaMexicoPeruGrenadaEcuadorDominican RepublicVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

9%76%15%

Countries in WHO Region of the Americas

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Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Costa Rica, 2012

Costa Rica spentDomestic funding

4.6 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $951 per capita Spending by households

- 23% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Costa Rica: • Costa Rica:

$9,387/capita 79 years 2012 average of up-mid AMR income countries

• AMR up-mid income countries:$10,094/capita

• AMR up-mid income countries: 75 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Costa Rica: 44 per

100,000 live births

• AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among up-mid AMR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((27%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((28%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((8%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1995 2000 2005 2010

$253

$409

$778

$194

$627

$841

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

0%100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%

Costa Rica

CubaBrazilSaint LuciaPanamaEcuadorDominicaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesGrenadaBelizeJamaicaVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)SurinameColombia

ArgentinaMexicoDominican RepublicPeru

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%

Costa RicaArgentinaColombiaPeruMexicoDominican RepublicPanamaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesBelizeSurinameCubaJamaicaDominicaSaint LuciaGrenadaBrazilEcuadorVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

Costa RicaCuba

ArgentinaPanamaColombiaSaint LuciaBrazilSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesDominicaBelizeSurinameJamaicaMexicoPeruGrenadaEcuadorDominican RepublicVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

2%75%23%

Page 74: WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

70 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Cuba, 2012

Cuba spentDomestic funding

6.3 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $558 per capita Spending by households

- 6% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Cuba: • Cuba:

$6,498/capita 78 years 2012 average of up-mid AMR income countries

• AMR up-mid income countries:$10,094/capita

• AMR up-mid income countries: 75 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Cuba: 53 per

100,000 live births

• AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among up-mid AMR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((70%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((12%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((8%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

1995 2000 2005 2010

$253

$409

$778

$31

$504$536

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

0%100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%

CubaBrazilSaint LuciaPanamaEcuadorDominicaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesGrenadaBelizeJamaicaVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)SurinameColombiaCosta RicaArgentinaMexicoDominican RepublicPeru

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%

Cuba

Costa RicaArgentinaColombiaPeruMexicoDominican RepublicPanamaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesBelizeSuriname

JamaicaDominicaSaint LuciaGrenadaBrazilEcuadorVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

CubaCosta RicaArgentinaPanamaColombiaSaint LuciaBrazilSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesDominicaBelizeSurinameJamaicaMexicoPeruGrenadaEcuadorDominican RepublicVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

94%6%

Countries in WHO Region of the Americas

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Dominica, 2012

Dominica spentDomestic funding

28 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $392 per capita Spending by households

- 24% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Dominica: • Dominica:

$6,691/capita 74 years 2012 average of up-mid AMR income countries

• AMR up-mid income countries:$10,094/capita

• AMR up-mid income countries: 75 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Dominica: 0 per

100,000 live births

• AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among up-mid AMR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((40%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((10%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((4%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

1995 2000 2005 2010

$253

$409

$778

$92

$278

$386

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

5%

11%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

4%96%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%

Dominica

CubaBrazilSaint LuciaPanamaEcuador

Saint Vincent and the GrenadinesGrenadaBelizeJamaicaVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)SurinameColombiaCosta RicaArgentinaMexicoDominican RepublicPeru

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%

Dominica

Costa RicaArgentinaColombiaPeruMexicoDominican RepublicPanamaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesBelizeSurinameCubaJamaica

Saint LuciaGrenadaBrazilEcuadorVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

Dominica

CubaCosta RicaArgentinaPanamaColombiaSaint LuciaBrazilSaint Vincent and the Grenadines

BelizeSurinameJamaicaMexicoPeruGrenadaEcuadorDominican RepublicVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

4%72%24%

Page 76: WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

72 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Dominican Republic, 2012

Dominican Republic spent Domestic funding

3.2 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $310 per capita Spending by households

- 39% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Dominican Republic: • Dominican Republic:

$5,731/capita 71 years 2012 average of up-mid AMR income countries

• AMR up-mid income countries:$10,094/capita

• AMR up-mid income countries: 75 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Dominican Republic: 100 per

100,000 live births

• AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among up-mid AMR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((19%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((14%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((3%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

1995 2000 2005 2010

$253

$409

$778

$113$148

$292

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

20%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

5%95%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%

Dominican Republic

CubaBrazilSaint LuciaPanamaEcuadorDominicaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesGrenadaBelizeJamaicaVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)SurinameColombiaCosta RicaArgentinaMexico

Peru

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%

Dominican Republic

Costa RicaArgentinaColombiaPeruMexico

PanamaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesBelizeSurinameCubaJamaicaDominicaSaint LuciaGrenadaBrazilEcuadorVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

Dominican Republic

CubaCosta RicaArgentinaPanamaColombiaSaint LuciaBrazilSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesDominicaBelizeSurinameJamaicaMexicoPeruGrenadaEcuador

Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

10%51%39%

Countries in WHO Region of the Americas

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Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Ecuador, 2012

Ecuador spentDomestic funding

5.6 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $361 per capita Spending by households

- 51% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Ecuador: • Ecuador:

$5,648/capita 75 years 2012 average of up-mid AMR income countries

• AMR up-mid income countries:$10,094/capita

• AMR up-mid income countries: 75 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Ecuador: 140 per

100,000 live births

• AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among up-mid AMR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((41%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((7%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((3%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

1995 2000 2005 2010

$253

$409

$778

$169$147

$329

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%2%4%6%8%10%12%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

0%100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%

Ecuador

CubaBrazilSaint LuciaPanama

DominicaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesGrenadaBelizeJamaicaVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)SurinameColombiaCosta RicaArgentinaMexicoDominican RepublicPeru

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%

Ecuador

Costa RicaArgentinaColombiaPeruMexicoDominican RepublicPanamaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesBelizeSurinameCubaJamaicaDominicaSaint LuciaGrenadaBrazil

Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

Ecuador

CubaCosta RicaArgentinaPanamaColombiaSaint LuciaBrazilSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesDominicaBelizeSurinameJamaicaMexicoPeruGrenada

Dominican RepublicVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

4%45%51%

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74 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: El Salvador, 2012

El Salvador spentDomestic funding

1.6 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $254 per capita Spending by households

- 32% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• El Salvador: • El Salvador:

$3,777/capita 72 years 2012 average of low-mid AMR income countries

• AMR low-mid income countries: $2,967/capita

• AMR low-mid income countries: 70 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• El Salvador: 110 per

100,000 live births

• AMR low-mid income countries: 139 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low-mid AMR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((27%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((15%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((4%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

220

240

260

1995 2000 2005 2010

$98$109

$221

$77

$149

$237

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

20%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

1%99%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

El Salvador

Bolivia Plurinational States of

Paraguay

Honduras

Guyana

Nicaragua

Guatemala

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

El Salvador

Nicaragua

Guatemala

Guyana

Honduras

Paraguay

Bolivia Plurinational States of

0% 2% 4% 6%

El Salvador

Nicaragua

Paraguay

Guyana

Honduras

Bolivia Plurinational States of

Guatemala

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

5%63%32%

Countries in WHO Region of the Americas

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Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Grenada, 2012

Grenada spentDomestic funding

50 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $478 per capita Spending by households

- 52% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Grenada: • Grenada:

$7,485/capita 73 years 2012 average of up-mid AMR income countries

• AMR up-mid income countries:$10,094/capita

• AMR up-mid income countries: 75 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Grenada: 0 per

100,000 live births

• AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among up-mid AMR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((33%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((9%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((3%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

1995 2000 2005 2010

$253

$409

$778

$244$217

$466

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

1%99%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%

Grenada

CubaBrazilSaint LuciaPanamaEcuadorDominicaSaint Vincent and the Grenadines

BelizeJamaicaVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)SurinameColombiaCosta RicaArgentinaMexicoDominican RepublicPeru

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%

Grenada

Costa RicaArgentinaColombiaPeruMexicoDominican RepublicPanamaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesBelizeSurinameCubaJamaicaDominicaSaint Lucia

BrazilEcuadorVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

Grenada

CubaCosta RicaArgentinaPanamaColombiaSaint LuciaBrazilSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesDominicaBelizeSurinameJamaicaMexicoPeru

EcuadorDominican RepublicVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

1%47%52%

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76 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Guatemala, 2012

Guatemala spentDomestic funding

3.4 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $226 per capita Spending by households

- 53% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Guatemala: • Guatemala:

$3,348/capita 69 years 2012 average of low-mid AMR income countries

• AMR low-mid income countries: $2,967/capita

• AMR low-mid income countries: 70 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Guatemala: 110 per

100,000 live births

• AMR low-mid income countries: 139 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low-mid AMR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((15%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((16%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

220

240

1995 2000 2005 2010

$98$109

$221

$106

$71

$199

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

20%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

3%97%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Guatemala

Bolivia Plurinational States of

Paraguay

Honduras

Guyana

El Salvador

Nicaragua

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Guatemala

Nicaragua

El Salvador

Guyana

Honduras

Paraguay

Bolivia Plurinational States of

0% 2% 4% 6%

Guatemala

Nicaragua

Paraguay

Guyana

Honduras

El Salvador

Bolivia Plurinational States of

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

11%36%53%

Countries in WHO Region of the Americas

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Guyana, 2012

Guyana spentDomestic funding

187 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $235 per capita Spending by households

- 31% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Guyana: • Guyana:

$3,585/capita 67 years 2012 average of low-mid AMR income countries

• AMR low-mid income countries: $2,967/capita

• AMR low-mid income countries: 70 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Guyana: 270 per

100,000 live births

• AMR low-mid income countries: 139 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low-mid AMR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((33%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((13%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((4%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

50

100

150

200

250

1995 2000 2005 2010

$98$109

$221

$65

$136

$206

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

20%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

11%89%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Guyana

Bolivia Plurinational States of

Paraguay

Honduras

El Salvador

Nicaragua

Guatemala

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Guyana

Nicaragua

Guatemala

El Salvador

Honduras

Paraguay

Bolivia Plurinational States of

0% 2% 4% 6%

Guyana

Nicaragua

Paraguay

Honduras

El Salvador

Bolivia Plurinational States of

Guatemala

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

3%66%31%

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78 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Haiti, 2012

Haiti spentDomestic funding

535 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $53 per capita Spending by households

- 3% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Haiti: • Haiti:

$816/capita 62 years 2012 average of low AMR income countries

• AMR low income countries: $816/capita

• AMR low income countries: 62 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Haiti: 300 per

100,000 live births

• AMR low income countries: 300 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low AMR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((27%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((5%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((1%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

1995 2000 2005 2010

$2

$12

$53

$2

$11

$48

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

67%33%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Haiti

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40%

Haiti

0% 2% 4% 6% 8%10%12%14%16%18%20%

Haiti

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

74%23%3%

Countries in WHO Region of the Americas

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Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Honduras, 2012

Honduras spentDomestic funding

1.5 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $195 per capita Spending by households

- 46% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Honduras: • Honduras:

$2,268/capita 69 years 2012 average of low-mid AMR income countries

• AMR low-mid income countries: $2,967/capita

• AMR low-mid income countries: 70 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Honduras: 110 per

100,000 live births

• AMR low-mid income countries: 139 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low-mid AMR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((37%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((12%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((4%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

220

240

1995 2000 2005 2010

$98$109

$221

$82$90

$179

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

4%96%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Honduras

Bolivia Plurinational States of

Paraguay

Guyana

El Salvador

Nicaragua

Guatemala

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Honduras

Nicaragua

Guatemala

El Salvador

Guyana

Paraguay

Bolivia Plurinational States of

0% 2% 4% 6%

Honduras

Nicaragua

Paraguay

Guyana

El Salvador

Bolivia Plurinational States of

Guatemala

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

4%50%46%

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80 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Jamaica, 2012

Jamaica spentDomestic funding

882 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $318 per capita Spending by households

- 29% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Jamaica: • Jamaica:

$5,374/capita 71 years 2012 average of up-mid AMR income countries

• AMR up-mid income countries:$10,094/capita

• AMR up-mid income countries: 75 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Jamaica: 89 per

100,000 live births

• AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among up-mid AMR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((31%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((11%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((3%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

1995 2000 2005 2010

$253

$409

$778

$83

$157

$287

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%2%4%6%8%10%12%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

2%98%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%

Jamaica

CubaBrazilSaint LuciaPanamaEcuadorDominicaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesGrenadaBelize

Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)SurinameColombiaCosta RicaArgentinaMexicoDominican RepublicPeru

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%

Jamaica

Costa RicaArgentinaColombiaPeruMexicoDominican RepublicPanamaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesBelizeSurinameCuba

DominicaSaint LuciaGrenadaBrazilEcuadorVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

Jamaica

CubaCosta RicaArgentinaPanamaColombiaSaint LuciaBrazilSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesDominicaBelizeSuriname

MexicoPeruGrenadaEcuadorDominican RepublicVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

16%55%29%

Countries in WHO Region of the Americas

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Mexico, 2012

Mexico spentDomestic funding

72 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $618 per capita Spending by households

- 44% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Mexico: • Mexico:

$10,057/capita 76 years 2012 average of up-mid AMR income countries

• AMR up-mid income countries:$10,094/capita

• AMR up-mid income countries: 75 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Mexico: 85 per

100,000 live births

• AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among up-mid AMR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((20%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((16%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((3%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

1995 2000 2005 2010

$253

$409

$778

$259$304

$587

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

20%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

1%99%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%

Mexico

CubaBrazilSaint LuciaPanamaEcuadorDominicaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesGrenadaBelizeJamaicaVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)SurinameColombiaCosta RicaArgentina

Dominican RepublicPeru

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%

Mexico

Costa RicaArgentinaColombiaPeru

Dominican RepublicPanamaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesBelizeSurinameCubaJamaicaDominicaSaint LuciaGrenadaBrazilEcuadorVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

Mexico

CubaCosta RicaArgentinaPanamaColombiaSaint LuciaBrazilSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesDominicaBelizeSurinameJamaica

PeruGrenadaEcuadorDominican RepublicVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

4%52%44%

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82 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Nicaragua, 2012

Nicaragua spentDomestic funding

865 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $144 per capita Spending by households

- 39% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Nicaragua: • Nicaragua:

$1,754/capita 74 years 2012 average of low-mid AMR income countries

• AMR low-mid income countries: $2,967/capita

• AMR low-mid income countries: 70 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Nicaragua: 100 per

100,000 live births

• AMR low-mid income countries: 139 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low-mid AMR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((23%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((20%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((4%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

50

100

150

200

250

1995 2000 2005 2010

$98$109

$221

$51

$71

$131

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

11%89%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Nicaragua

Bolivia Plurinational States of

Paraguay

Honduras

Guyana

El Salvador

Guatemala

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Nicaragua

Guatemala

El Salvador

Guyana

Honduras

Paraguay

Bolivia Plurinational States of

0% 2% 4% 6%

Nicaragua

Paraguay

Guyana

Honduras

El Salvador

Bolivia Plurinational States of

Guatemala

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

7%54%39%

Countries in WHO Region of the Americas

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Panama, 2012

Panama spentDomestic funding

2.8 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $723 per capita Spending by households

- 25% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Panama: • Panama:

$9,534/capita 77 years 2012 average of up-mid AMR income countries

• AMR up-mid income countries:$10,094/capita

• AMR up-mid income countries: 75 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Panama: 71 per

100,000 live births

• AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among up-mid AMR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((41%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((13%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((5%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

1995 2000 2005 2010

$253

$409

$778

$161

$446

$650

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

0%100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%

Panama

CubaBrazilSaint Lucia

EcuadorDominicaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesGrenadaBelizeJamaicaVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)SurinameColombiaCosta RicaArgentinaMexicoDominican RepublicPeru

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%

Panama

Costa RicaArgentinaColombiaPeruMexicoDominican Republic

Saint Vincent and the GrenadinesBelizeSurinameCubaJamaicaDominicaSaint LuciaGrenadaBrazilEcuadorVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

Panama

CubaCosta RicaArgentina

ColombiaSaint LuciaBrazilSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesDominicaBelizeSurinameJamaicaMexicoPeruGrenadaEcuadorDominican RepublicVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

7%69%25%

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84 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Paraguay, 2012

Paraguay spentDomestic funding

2.6 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $392 per capita Spending by households

- 53% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Paraguay: • Paraguay:

$3,799/capita 74 years 2012 average of low-mid AMR income countries

• AMR low-mid income countries: $2,967/capita

• AMR low-mid income countries: 70 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Paraguay: 95 per

100,000 live births

• AMR low-mid income countries: 139 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low-mid AMR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((39%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((11%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((4%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

1995 2000 2005 2010

$98$109

$221

$170

$134

$319

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

20%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

3%97%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Paraguay

Bolivia Plurinational States of

Honduras

Guyana

El Salvador

Nicaragua

Guatemala

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Paraguay

Nicaragua

Guatemala

El Salvador

Guyana

Honduras

Bolivia Plurinational States of

0% 2% 4% 6%

Paraguay

Nicaragua

Guyana

Honduras

El Salvador

Bolivia Plurinational States of

Guatemala

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

5%42%53%

Countries in WHO Region of the Americas

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Peru, 2012

Peru spentDomestic funding

10 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $337 per capita Spending by households

- 36% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Peru: • Peru:

$6,654/capita 76 years 2012 average of up-mid AMR income countries

• AMR up-mid income countries:$10,094/capita

• AMR up-mid income countries: 75 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Peru: 98 per

100,000 live births

• AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among up-mid AMR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((16%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((18%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((3%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

1995 2000 2005 2010

$253

$409

$778

$106

$174

$296

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

1%99%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%

Peru

CubaBrazilSaint LuciaPanamaEcuadorDominicaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesGrenadaBelizeJamaicaVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)SurinameColombiaCosta RicaArgentinaMexicoDominican Republic

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%

Peru

Costa RicaArgentinaColombia

MexicoDominican RepublicPanamaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesBelizeSurinameCubaJamaicaDominicaSaint LuciaGrenadaBrazilEcuadorVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

Peru

CubaCosta RicaArgentinaPanamaColombiaSaint LuciaBrazilSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesDominicaBelizeSurinameJamaicaMexico

GrenadaEcuadorDominican RepublicVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

5%59%36%

Page 90: WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

86 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Saint Kitts and Nevis, 2012

Saint Kitts and Nevis spent Domestic funding

44 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $825 per capita Spending by households

- 55% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Saint Kitts and Nevis: • Saint Kitts and Nevis:

$13,967/capita 74 years 2012 average of hi AMR income countries

• AMR hi income countries:$47,830/capita

• AMR hi income countries: 76 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Saint Kitts and Nevis: 0 per

100,000 live births

• AMR hi income countries:37 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among hi AMR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((33%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((7%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

1995 2000 2005 2010

$936

$3,899

$8,124

$438$312$793

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%2%4%6%8%10%12%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

3%97%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Saint Kitts and Nevis

Canada

Barbados

United States of America

Trinidad and Tobago

Uruguay

Chile

Bahamas

Antigua and Barbuda

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%

Saint Kitts and Nevis

Uruguay

United States of America

Antigua and Barbuda

Canada

Bahamas

Chile

Barbados

Trinidad and Tobago

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

Saint Kitts and Nevis

United States of America

Canada

Uruguay

Barbados

Antigua and Barbuda

Chile

Bahamas

Trinidad and Tobago

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

5%39%55%

Countries in WHO Region of the Americas

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Saint Lucia, 2012

Saint Lucia spentDomestic funding

101 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $556 per capita Spending by households

- 44% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Saint Lucia: • Saint Lucia:

$6,558/capita 74 years 2012 average of up-mid AMR income countries

• AMR up-mid income countries:$10,094/capita

• AMR up-mid income countries: 75 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Saint Lucia: 0 per

100,000 live births

• AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among up-mid AMR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((46%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((10%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((5%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

1995 2000 2005 2010

$253

$409

$778

$245

$305

$553

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

4%96%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%

Saint Lucia

CubaBrazil

PanamaEcuadorDominicaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesGrenadaBelizeJamaicaVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)SurinameColombiaCosta RicaArgentinaMexicoDominican RepublicPeru

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%

Saint Lucia

Costa RicaArgentinaColombiaPeruMexicoDominican RepublicPanamaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesBelizeSurinameCubaJamaicaDominica

GrenadaBrazilEcuadorVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

Saint Lucia

CubaCosta RicaArgentinaPanamaColombia

BrazilSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesDominicaBelizeSurinameJamaicaMexicoPeruGrenadaEcuadorDominican RepublicVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

0%55%44%

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88 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, 2012

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines spent Domestic funding

37 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $340 per capita Spending by households

- 18% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Saint Vincent and the Grenadines:

• Saint Vincent and the Grenadines:

$6,515/capita 73 years 2012 average of up-mid AMR income countries

• AMR up-mid income countries:$10,094/capita

• AMR up-mid income countries: 75 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Saint Vincent and the Grenadines: 0 per

100,000 live births

• AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among up-mid AMR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((34%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((12%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((4%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

1995 2000 2005 2010

$253

$409

$778

$59

$269

$328

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

5%

11%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

3%97%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

CubaBrazilSaint LuciaPanamaEcuadorDominica

GrenadaBelizeJamaicaVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)SurinameColombiaCosta RicaArgentinaMexicoDominican RepublicPeru

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

Costa RicaArgentinaColombiaPeruMexicoDominican RepublicPanama

BelizeSurinameCubaJamaicaDominicaSaint LuciaGrenadaBrazilEcuadorVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

CubaCosta RicaArgentinaPanamaColombiaSaint LuciaBrazil

DominicaBelizeSurinameJamaicaMexicoPeruGrenadaEcuadorDominican RepublicVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

82%18%

Countries in WHO Region of the Americas

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Suriname, 2012

Suriname spentDomestic funding

278 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $521 per capita Spending by households

- 10% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Suriname: • Suriname:

$8,864/capita 72 years 2012 average of up-mid AMR income countries

• AMR up-mid income countries:$10,094/capita

• AMR up-mid income countries: 75 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Suriname: 100 per

100,000 live births

• AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among up-mid AMR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((28%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((12%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((3%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

1995 2000 2005 2010

$253

$409

$778

$53

$299

$525

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

4%96%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%

Suriname

CubaBrazilSaint LuciaPanamaEcuadorDominicaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesGrenadaBelizeJamaicaVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

ColombiaCosta RicaArgentinaMexicoDominican RepublicPeru

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%

Suriname

Costa RicaArgentinaColombiaPeruMexicoDominican RepublicPanamaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesBelize

CubaJamaicaDominicaSaint LuciaGrenadaBrazilEcuadorVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

Suriname

CubaCosta RicaArgentinaPanamaColombiaSaint LuciaBrazilSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesDominicaBelize

JamaicaMexicoPeruGrenadaEcuadorDominican RepublicVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

33%57%10%

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90 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Trinidad and Tobago, 2012

Trinidad and Tobago spent Domestic funding

1.3 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $972 per capita Spending by households

- 42% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Trinidad and Tobago: • Trinidad and Tobago:

$17,861/capita 70 years 2012 average of hi AMR income countries

• AMR hi income countries:$47,830/capita

• AMR hi income countries: 76 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Trinidad and Tobago: 55 per

100,000 live births

• AMR hi income countries:37 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among hi AMR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((36%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((8%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((3%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

1995 2000 2005 2010

$936

$3,899

$8,124

$347$416$826

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Trinidad and Tobago

Canada

Barbados

United States of America

Saint Kitts and Nevis

Uruguay

Chile

Bahamas

Antigua and Barbuda

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%

Trinidad and Tobago

Uruguay

United States of America

Antigua and Barbuda

Canada

Bahamas

Chile

Barbados

Saint Kitts and Nevis

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

Trinidad and Tobago

United States of America

Canada

Uruguay

Barbados

Antigua and Barbuda

Chile

Bahamas

Saint Kitts and Nevis

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

8%50%42%

Countries in WHO Region of the Americas

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: United States of America, 2012

United States of America spent Domestic funding

2,809 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $8,895 per capita Spending by households

- 11% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• United States of America:

• United States of America:

$49,668/capita 79 years 2012 average of hi AMR income countries

• AMR hi income countries:$47,830/capita

• AMR hi income countries: 76 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• United States of America: 24 per

100,000 live births

• AMR hi income countries:37 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among hi AMR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((42%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((20%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((8%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

1995 2000 2005 2010

$936

$3,899

$8,124

$945

$3,947

$8,509

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

United States of America

Canada

Barbados

Trinidad and Tobago

Saint Kitts and Nevis

Uruguay

Chile

Bahamas

Antigua and Barbuda

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%

United States of America

Uruguay

Antigua and Barbuda

Canada

Bahamas

Chile

Barbados

Trinidad and Tobago

Saint Kitts and Nevis

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

United States of America

Canada

Uruguay

Barbados

Antigua and Barbuda

Chile

Bahamas

Trinidad and Tobago

Saint Kitts and Nevis

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

43%46%11%

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92 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Uruguay, 2012

Uruguay spentDomestic funding

4.4 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $1,308 per capita Spending by households

- 17% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Uruguay: • Uruguay:

$14,703/capita 76 years 2012 average of hi AMR income countries

• AMR hi income countries:$47,830/capita

• AMR hi income countries: 76 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Uruguay: 27 per

100,000 live births

• AMR hi income countries:37 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among hi AMR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((24%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((25%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((6%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

1995 2000 2005 2010

$936

$3,899

$8,124

$186$751

$1,127

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%5%10%15%20%25%30%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

0%100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Uruguay

Canada

Barbados

United States of America

Trinidad and Tobago

Saint Kitts and Nevis

Chile

Bahamas

Antigua and Barbuda

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%

Uruguay

United States of America

Antigua and Barbuda

Canada

Bahamas

Chile

Barbados

Trinidad and Tobago

Saint Kitts and Nevis

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

Uruguay

United States of America

Canada

Barbados

Antigua and Barbuda

Chile

Bahamas

Trinidad and Tobago

Saint Kitts and Nevis

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

17%67%17%

Countries in WHO Region of the Americas

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), 2012

Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) spent Domestic funding

18 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $593 per capita Spending by households

- 64% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of):

• Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of):

$12,767/capita 75 years 2012 average of up-mid AMR income countries

• AMR up-mid income countries:$10,094/capita

• AMR up-mid income countries: 75 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of): 68 per

100,000 live births

• AMR up-mid income countries: 83 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among up-mid AMR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((28%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((6%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1995 2000 2005 2010

$253

$409

$778

$429

$227

$674

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

0%100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%

Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

CubaBrazilSaint LuciaPanamaEcuadorDominicaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesGrenadaBelizeJamaica

SurinameColombiaCosta RicaArgentinaMexicoDominican RepublicPeru

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%

Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Costa RicaArgentinaColombiaPeruMexicoDominican RepublicPanamaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesBelizeSurinameCubaJamaicaDominicaSaint LuciaGrenadaBrazilEcuador

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

CubaCosta RicaArgentinaPanamaColombiaSaint LuciaBrazilSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesDominicaBelizeSurinameJamaicaMexicoPeruGrenadaEcuadorDominican Republic

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

3%34%64%

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94 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Bangladesh

Bhutan

Democratic People’s Republic of Korea

India

Indonesia

Maldives

Myanmar

Nepal

Sri Lanka

Thailand

Timor-Leste

WHO South-East Asia Region

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2010 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

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Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Bangladesh, 2012

Bangladesh spentDomestic funding

4.0 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $26 per capita Spending by households

- 63% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Bangladesh: • Bangladesh:

$722/capita 65 years 2012 average of low SEAR income countries

• SEAR low income countries: $801/capita

• SEAR low income countries: 67 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Bangladesh: 340 per

100,000 live births

• SEAR low income countries: 303 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the

region

Among low SEAR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((16%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((8%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((1%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

1995 2000 2005 2010

$16

$9

$26

$17

$9

$26

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

7%93%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40%

Bangladesh

Myanmar

Nepal

Democratic People's Republic of Korea

0% 5% 10% 15%

Bangladesh

Nepal

Myanmar

Democratic People's Republic of Korea

0% 2% 4%

Bangladesh

Nepal

Myanmar

Democratic People's Republic of Korea

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

2%34%63%

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96 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Bhutan, 2012

Bhutan spentDomestic funding

67 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $90 per capita Spending by households

- 15% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Bhutan: • Bhutan:

$2,398/capita 63 years 2012 average of low-mid SEAR income countries

• SEAR low-mid income countries: $1,856/capita

• SEAR low-mid income countries: 67 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Bhutan: 200 per

100,000 live births

• SEAR low-mid income countries: 216 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the

region

Among low-mid SEAR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((45%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((7%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((3%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

1995 2000 2005 2010

$38

$24

$69

$15

$80

$96

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

20%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

12%88%

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%110%120%130%140%

Bhutan

Timor-Leste

Indonesia

India

Sri Lanka

0% 5% 10%

Bhutan

India

Indonesia

Timor-Leste

Sri Lanka

0% 2% 4%

Bhutan

Timor-Leste

India

Indonesia

Sri Lanka

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

1%84%15%

Countries in WHO South-East Asia Region

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Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Democratic People's Republic of Korea, 2012

Democratic People's Republic of Korea spent Domestic funding

0 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $0 per capita Spending by households

- 0% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Democratic People's Republic of Korea:

• Democratic People's Republic of Korea:

$0/capita 70 years 2012 average of low SEAR income countries

• SEAR low income countries: $801/capita

• SEAR low income countries: 67 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Democratic People's Republic of Korea: 250 per

100,000 live births

• SEAR low income countries: 303 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the

region

Among low SEAR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((0%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((0%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((0%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

1995 2000 2005 2010

$16

$9

$26

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

0% 10% 20% 30% 40%

Democratic People's Republic of Korea

Myanmar

Nepal

Bangladesh

0% 5% 10% 15%

Democratic People's Republic of Korea

Nepal

Bangladesh

Myanmar

0% 2% 4%

Democratic People's Republic of Korea

Nepal

Bangladesh

Myanmar

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

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98 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: India, 2012

India spentDomestic funding

76 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $61 per capita Spending by households

- 58% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• India: • India:

$1,516/capita 65 years 2012 average of low-mid SEAR income countries

• SEAR low-mid income countries: $1,856/capita

• SEAR low-mid income countries: 67 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• India: 230 per

100,000 live births

• SEAR low-mid income countries: 216 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the

region

Among low-mid SEAR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((14%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((9%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((1%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

1995 2000 2005 2010

$38

$24

$69

$35

$20

$61

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

1%99%

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%110%120%130%140%

India

Timor-Leste

Bhutan

Indonesia

Sri Lanka

0% 5% 10%

India

Bhutan

Indonesia

Timor-Leste

Sri Lanka

0% 2% 4%

India

Bhutan

Timor-Leste

Indonesia

Sri Lanka

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

9%33%58%

Countries in WHO South-East Asia Region

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Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Indonesia, 2012

Indonesia spentDomestic funding

27 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $108 per capita Spending by households

- 45% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Indonesia: • Indonesia:

$3,557/capita 68 years 2012 average of low-mid SEAR income countries

• SEAR low-mid income countries: $1,856/capita

• SEAR low-mid income countries: 67 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Indonesia: 240 per

100,000 live births

• SEAR low-mid income countries: 216 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the

region

Among low-mid SEAR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((17%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((7%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((1%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

1995 2000 2005 2010

$38

$24

$69

$45$39

$98

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

1%99%

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%110%120%130%140%

Indonesia

Timor-Leste

Bhutan

India

Sri Lanka

0% 5% 10%

Indonesia

India

Bhutan

Timor-Leste

Sri Lanka

0% 2% 4%

Indonesia

Bhutan

Timor-Leste

India

Sri Lanka

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

15%40%45%

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100 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Maldives, 2012

Maldives spentDomestic funding

189 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $558 per capita Spending by households

- 48% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Maldives: • Maldives:

$6,567/capita 75 years 2012 average of up-mid SEAR income countries

• SEAR up-mid income countries: $5,479/capita

• SEAR up-mid income countries: 73 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Maldives: 37 per

100,000 live births

• SEAR up-mid income countries: 43 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the

region

Among up-mid SEAR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((41%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((9%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((4%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

1995 2000 2005 2010

$29

$165

$217

$286$269

$593

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

5%

11%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

1%99%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Maldives

Thailand

0% 5% 10% 15%

Maldives

Thailand

0% 2% 4%

Maldives

Thailand

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

6%45%48%

Countries in WHO South-East Asia Region

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Myanmar, 2012

Myanmar spentDomestic funding

1.0 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $20 per capita Spending by households

- 71% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Myanmar: • Myanmar:

$1,108/capita 64 years 2012 average of low SEAR income countries

• SEAR low income countries: $801/capita

• SEAR low income countries: 67 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Myanmar: 240 per

100,000 live births

• SEAR low income countries: 303 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the

region

Among low SEAR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((28%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((2%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((0%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

1995 2000 2005 2010

$16

$9

$26

$12

$4

$16

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%2%4%6%8%10%12%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

8%92%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40%

Myanmar

Nepal

Bangladesh

Democratic People's Republic of Korea

0% 5% 10% 15%

Myanmar

Nepal

Bangladesh

Democratic People's Republic of Korea

0% 2% 4%

Myanmar

Nepal

Bangladesh

Democratic People's Republic of Korea

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

5%24%71%

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102 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Nepal, 2012

Nepal spentDomestic funding

985 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $36 per capita Spending by households

- 49% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Nepal: • Nepal:

$656/capita 67 years 2012 average of low SEAR income countries

• SEAR low income countries: $801/capita

• SEAR low income countries: 67 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Nepal: 380 per

100,000 live births

• SEAR low income countries: 303 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the

region

Among low SEAR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((21%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((10%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((2%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

1995 2000 2005 2010

$16

$9

$26

$17

$14

$35

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

5%

11%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

18%82%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40%

Nepal

Myanmar

Bangladesh

Democratic People's Republic of Korea

0% 5% 10% 15%

Nepal

Bangladesh

Myanmar

Democratic People's Republic of Korea

0% 2% 4%

Nepal

Bangladesh

Myanmar

Democratic People's Republic of Korea

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

11%39%49%

Countries in WHO South-East Asia Region

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Sri Lanka, 2012

Sri Lanka spentDomestic funding

0 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $0 per capita Spending by households

- 0% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Sri Lanka: • Sri Lanka:

$0/capita 71 years 2012 average of low-mid SEAR income countries

• SEAR low-mid income countries: $1,856/capita

• SEAR low-mid income countries: 67 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Sri Lanka: 39 per

100,000 live births

• SEAR low-mid income countries: 216 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the

region

Among low-mid SEAR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((0%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((0%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((0%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

1995 2000 2005 2010

$38

$24

$69

$0$0$0

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%110%120%130%140%

Sri Lanka

Timor-Leste

Bhutan

Indonesia

India

0% 5% 10%

Sri Lanka

India

Bhutan

Indonesia

Timor-Leste

0% 2% 4%

Sri Lanka

Bhutan

Timor-Leste

India

Indonesia

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

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104 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Thailand, 2012

Thailand spentDomestic funding

14 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $215 per capita Spending by households

- 13% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Thailand: • Thailand:

$5,474/capita 70 years 2012 average of up-mid SEAR income countries

• SEAR up-mid income countries: $5,479/capita

• SEAR up-mid income countries: 73 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Thailand: 48 per

100,000 live births

• SEAR up-mid income countries: 43 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the

region

Among up-mid SEAR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((21%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((14%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((3%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

50

100

150

200

250

1995 2000 2005 2010

$29

$165

$217

$26

$153

$200

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

20%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

1%99%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Thailand

Maldives

0% 5% 10% 15%

Thailand

Maldives

0% 2% 4%

Thailand

Maldives

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

10%76%13%

Countries in WHO South-East Asia Region

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Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Timor-Leste, 2012

Timor-Leste spentDomestic funding

55 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $50 per capita Spending by households

- 4% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Timor-Leste: • Timor-Leste:

$1,160/capita 67 years 2012 average of low-mid SEAR income countries

• SEAR low-mid income countries: $1,856/capita

• SEAR low-mid income countries: 67 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Timor-Leste: 370 per

100,000 live births

• SEAR low-mid income countries: 216 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the

region

Among low-mid SEAR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((120%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((3%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((3%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

1995 2000 2005 2010

$38

$24

$69

$2

$30

$40

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%5%10%15%20%25%30%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

45%55%

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%110%120%130%140%

Timor-Leste

Bhutan

Indonesia

India

Sri Lanka

0% 5% 10%

Timor-Leste

India

Bhutan

Indonesia

Sri Lanka

0% 2% 4%

Timor-Leste

Bhutan

India

Indonesia

Sri Lanka

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

22%74%4%

Page 110: WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

106 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

AlbaniaAndorraArmenia

Austria

Azerbaijan

Belarus

Belgium

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Bulgaria

Croatia

Cyprus

Czech Republic

Denmark

Estonia

Finland

France

Georgia

Germany

Greece

Hungary

Iceland

Ireland

Israel

Italy

Kazakhstan

Kyrgyzstan

Latvia

Lithuania

Luxembourg

Malta

Monaco

Montenegro

Netherlands

Norway

Poland

Portugal

Republic of Moldova

Romania

Russian Federation

San Marino

Serbia

Slovakia

Slovenia

Spain

Sweden

Switzerland

Tajikistan

Turkey

Turkmenistan

Ukraine

United Kingdom

Uzbekistan

Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

WHO European Region

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2010 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Albania, 2012

Albania spentDomestic funding

719 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $228 per capita Spending by households

- 52% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Albania: • Albania:

$3,809/capita 73 years 2012 average of up-mid EUR income countries

• EUR up-mid income countries: $9,333/capita

• EUR up-mid income countries: 72 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Albania: 31 per

100,000 live births

• EUR up-mid income countries: 25 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among up-mid EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((29%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((10%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((3%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

1995 2000 2005 2010

$142

$383

$562

$117$106

$223

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%2%4%6%8%10%12%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

4%96%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Albania

Hungary

Serbia

Montenegro

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Turkey

Bulgaria

Romania

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Azerbaijan

Belarus

Kazakhstan

Turkmenistan

0% 5% 10% 15% 20%

Albania

Bosnia and Herzegovina

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Serbia

Belarus

Turkey

Bulgaria

Romania

Kazakhstan

Hungary

Montenegro

Turkmenistan

Azerbaijan

0% 2% 4% 6% 8%

Albania

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Serbia

Hungary

Turkey

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Montenegro

Bulgaria

Romania

Belarus

Kazakhstan

Turkmenistan

Azerbaijan

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

0%48%52%

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108 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Andorra, 2012

Andorra spentDomestic funding

268 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $3,057 per capita Spending by households

- 17% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Andorra: • Andorra:

$36,819/capita 82 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries

• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita

• EUR hi income countries: 79 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Andorra: 0 per

100,000 live births

• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among hi EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((0%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((0%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((6%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

1995 2000 2005 2010

$474

$2,309

$3,052

$531

$2,328

$3,040

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%5%10%15%20%25%30%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Andorra

DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonaco

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Andorra

SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprus

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%

Andorra

NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

6%77%17%

Countries in WHO European Region

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Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Armenia, 2012

Armenia spentDomestic funding

446 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $150 per capita Spending by households

- 55% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Armenia: • Armenia:

$3,351/capita 70 years 2012 average of low-mid EUR income countries

• EUR low-mid income countries: $2,951/capita

• EUR low-mid income countries: 69 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Armenia: 29 per

100,000 live births

• EUR low-mid income countries: 41 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low-mid EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((24%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((8%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

50

100

150

200

250

1995 2000 2005 2010

$96$111

$216

$86

$66

$158

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%2%4%6%8%10%12%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

6%94%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Armenia

Republic of Moldova

Ukraine

Kyrgyzstan

Uzbekistan

Georgia

0% 5% 10% 15%

Armenia

Republic of Moldova

Kyrgyzstan

Ukraine

Uzbekistan

Georgia

0% 2% 4% 6%

Armenia

Republic of Moldova

Kyrgyzstan

Ukraine

Uzbekistan

Georgia

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

4%42%55%

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110 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Austria, 2012

Austria spentDomestic funding

46 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $5,407 per capita Spending by households

- 15% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Austria: • Austria:

$47,161/capita 80 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries

• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita

• EUR hi income countries: 79 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Austria: 5 per

100,000 live births

• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among hi EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((51%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((17%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((9%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

1995 2000 2005 2010

$474

$2,309

$3,052

$811

$4,030

$5,334

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

20%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Austria

DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Austria

SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%

Austria

NetherlandsDenmarkFranceGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

9%76%15%

Countries in WHO European Region

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Azerbaijan, 2012

Azerbaijan spentDomestic funding

3.7 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $398 per capita Spending by households

- 69% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Azerbaijan: • Azerbaijan:

$7,383/capita 68 years 2012 average of up-mid EUR income countries

• EUR up-mid income countries: $9,333/capita

• EUR up-mid income countries: 72 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Azerbaijan: 38 per

100,000 live births

• EUR up-mid income countries: 25 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among up-mid EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((32%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((4%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((1%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

1995 2000 2005 2010

$142

$383

$562

$223

$73

$323

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

1%99%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Azerbaijan

Hungary

Serbia

Montenegro

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Turkey

Bulgaria

Romania

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Belarus

Albania

Kazakhstan

Turkmenistan

0% 5% 10% 15% 20%

Azerbaijan

Bosnia and Herzegovina

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Serbia

Belarus

Turkey

Bulgaria

Romania

Kazakhstan

Hungary

Montenegro

Albania

Turkmenistan

0% 2% 4% 6% 8%

Azerbaijan

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Serbia

Hungary

Turkey

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Montenegro

Bulgaria

Romania

Belarus

Albania

Kazakhstan

Turkmenistan

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

8%23%69%

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112 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Belarus, 2012

Belarus spentDomestic funding

3.2 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $339 per capita Spending by households

- 19% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Belarus: • Belarus:

$6,726/capita 70 years 2012 average of up-mid EUR income countries

• EUR up-mid income countries: $9,333/capita

• EUR up-mid income countries: 72 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Belarus: 15 per

100,000 live births

• EUR up-mid income countries: 25 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among up-mid EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((29%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((13%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((4%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

1995 2000 2005 2010

$142

$383

$562

$62

$245

$317

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

5%

11%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

0%100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Belarus

Hungary

Serbia

Montenegro

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Turkey

Bulgaria

Romania

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Azerbaijan

Albania

Kazakhstan

Turkmenistan

0% 5% 10% 15% 20%

Belarus

Bosnia and Herzegovina

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Serbia

Turkey

Bulgaria

Romania

Kazakhstan

Hungary

Montenegro

Albania

Turkmenistan

Azerbaijan

0% 2% 4% 6% 8%

Belarus

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Serbia

Hungary

Turkey

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Montenegro

Bulgaria

Romania

Albania

Kazakhstan

Turkmenistan

Azerbaijan

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

3%77%19%

Countries in WHO European Region

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Belgium, 2012

Belgium spentDomestic funding

52 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $4,711 per capita Spending by households

- 20% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Belgium: • Belgium:

$43,641/capita 80 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries

• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita

• EUR hi income countries: 79 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Belgium: 5 per

100,000 live births

• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among hi EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((55%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((15%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((8%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

5,000

1995 2000 2005 2010

$474

$2,309

$3,052

$917

$3,539

$4,661

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Belgium

DenmarkFranceFinlandGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Belgium

SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%

Belgium

NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanySwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

4%76%20%

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114 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Bosnia and Herzegovina, 2012

Bosnia and Herzegovina spent Domestic funding

1.7 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $447 per capita Spending by households

- 28% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Bosnia and Herzegovina:

• Bosnia and Herzegovina:

$4,517/capita 76 years 2012 average of up-mid EUR income countries

• EUR up-mid income countries: $9,333/capita

• EUR up-mid income countries: 72 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Bosnia and Herzegovina: 9 per

100,000 live births

• EUR up-mid income countries: 25 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among up-mid EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((42%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((17%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((7%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

1995 2000 2005 2010

$142

$383

$562

$123

$315

$442

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

20%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

2%98%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Hungary

Serbia

Montenegro

Turkey

Bulgaria

Romania

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Azerbaijan

Belarus

Albania

Kazakhstan

Turkmenistan

0% 5% 10% 15% 20%

Bosnia and Herzegovina

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Serbia

Belarus

Turkey

Bulgaria

Romania

Kazakhstan

Hungary

Montenegro

Albania

Turkmenistan

Azerbaijan

0% 2% 4% 6% 8%

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Serbia

Hungary

Turkey

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Montenegro

Bulgaria

Romania

Belarus

Albania

Kazakhstan

Turkmenistan

Azerbaijan

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

1%71%28%

Countries in WHO European Region

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Bulgaria, 2012

Bulgaria spentDomestic funding

3.8 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $516 per capita Spending by households

- 42% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Bulgaria: • Bulgaria:

$6,950/capita 74 years 2012 average of up-mid EUR income countries

• EUR up-mid income countries: $9,333/capita

• EUR up-mid income countries: 72 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Bulgaria: 13 per

100,000 live births

• EUR up-mid income countries: 25 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among up-mid EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((36%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((12%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((4%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

1995 2000 2005 2010

$142

$383

$562

$181

$241

$428

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

5%

11%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Bulgaria

Hungary

Serbia

Montenegro

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Turkey

Romania

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Azerbaijan

Belarus

Albania

Kazakhstan

Turkmenistan

0% 5% 10% 15% 20%

Bulgaria

Bosnia and Herzegovina

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Serbia

Belarus

Turkey

Romania

Kazakhstan

Hungary

Montenegro

Albania

Turkmenistan

Azerbaijan

0% 2% 4% 6% 8%

Bulgaria

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Serbia

Hungary

Turkey

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Montenegro

Romania

Belarus

Albania

Kazakhstan

Turkmenistan

Azerbaijan

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

1%56%42%

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116 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Croatia, 2012

Croatia spentDomestic funding

3.9 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $908 per capita Spending by households

- 14% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Croatia: • Croatia:

$13,312/capita 76 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries

• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita

• EUR hi income countries: 79 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Croatia: 14 per

100,000 live births

• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among hi EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((37%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((15%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((6%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

1995 2000 2005 2010

$474

$2,309

$3,052

$130

$769$934

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

20%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Croatia

DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Croatia

SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%

Croatia

NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

4%82%14%

Countries in WHO European Region

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Cyprus, 2012

Cyprus spentDomestic funding

1.7 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $1,949 per capita Spending by households

- 49% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Cyprus: • Cyprus:

$26,643/capita 81 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries

• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita

• EUR hi income countries: 79 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Cyprus: 10 per

100,000 live births

• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among hi EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((46%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((7%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((3%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

1995 2000 2005 2010

$474

$2,309

$3,052

$953$831

$1,926

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Cyprus

DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Cyprus

SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaAndorra

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%

Cyprus

NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatvia

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

7%43%49%

Page 122: WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

118 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Czech Republic, 2012

Czech Republic spentDomestic funding

15 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $1,432 per capita Spending by households

- 14% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Czech Republic: • Czech Republic:

$18,688/capita 77 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries

• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita

• EUR hi income countries: 79 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Czech Republic: 8 per

100,000 live births

• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among hi EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((44%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((15%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((6%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

1995 2000 2005 2010

$474

$2,309

$3,052

$207

$1,238$1,459

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Czech Republic

DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Czech Republic

SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%

Czech Republic

NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

1%85%14%

Countries in WHO European Region

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Denmark, 2012

Denmark spentDomestic funding

35 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $6,304 per capita Spending by households

- 13% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Denmark: • Denmark:

$56,311/capita 79 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries

• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita

• EUR hi income countries: 79 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Denmark: 5 per

100,000 live births

• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among hi EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((60%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((16%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((10%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

1995 2000 2005 2010

$474

$2,309

$3,052

$797

$5,407

$6,321

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

20%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Denmark

SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%

DenmarkNetherlandsFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

2%86%13%

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120 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Estonia, 2012

Estonia spentDomestic funding

1.3 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $1,010 per capita Spending by households

- 18% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Estonia: • Estonia:

$16,998/capita 75 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries

• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita

• EUR hi income countries: 79 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Estonia: 12 per

100,000 live births

• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among hi EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((41%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((12%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((5%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

1995 2000 2005 2010

$474

$2,309

$3,052

$175

$760$952

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Estonia

DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Estonia

SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%

Estonia

NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

2%80%18%

Countries in WHO European Region

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Finland, 2012

Finland spentDomestic funding

23 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $4,232 per capita Spending by households

- 19% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Finland: • Finland:

$46,261/capita 80 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries

• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita

• EUR hi income countries: 79 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Finland: 8 per

100,000 live births

• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among hi EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((56%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((12%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((7%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

1995 2000 2005 2010

$474

$2,309

$3,052

$766

$3,105

$4,117

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

5%

11%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

FinlandDenmarkFranceBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Finland

SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%

Finland

NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

6%75%19%

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122 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: France, 2012

France spentDomestic funding

306 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $4,690 per capita Spending by households

- 7% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• France: • France:

$39,923/capita 81 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries

• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita

• EUR hi income countries: 79 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• France: 8 per

100,000 live births

• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among hi EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((57%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((16%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((9%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

5,000

1995 2000 2005 2010

$474

$2,309

$3,052

$347

$3,611

$4,693

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

20%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

FranceDenmarkFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

France

SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%

FranceNetherlandsDenmarkAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

16%77%7%

Countries in WHO European Region

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Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Georgia, 2012

Georgia spentDomestic funding

1.5 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $333 per capita Spending by households

- 65% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Georgia: • Georgia:

$3,632/capita 71 years 2012 average of low-mid EUR income countries

• EUR low-mid income countries: $2,951/capita

• EUR low-mid income countries: 69 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Georgia: 48 per

100,000 live births

• EUR low-mid income countries: 41 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low-mid EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((32%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((5%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

1995 2000 2005 2010

$96$111

$216

$180

$50

$278

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

3%97%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Georgia

Republic of Moldova

Ukraine

Kyrgyzstan

Uzbekistan

Armenia

0% 5% 10% 15%

Georgia

Republic of Moldova

Kyrgyzstan

Ukraine

Uzbekistan

Armenia

0% 2% 4% 6%

Georgia

Republic of Moldova

Kyrgyzstan

Ukraine

Uzbekistan

Armenia

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

17%18%65%

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124 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Germany, 2012

Germany spentDomestic funding

383 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $4,683 per capita Spending by households

- 12% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Germany: • Germany:

$41,506/capita 80 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries

• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita

• EUR hi income countries: 79 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Germany: 7 per

100,000 live births

• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among hi EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((45%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((19%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((9%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

5,000

1995 2000 2005 2010

$474

$2,309

$3,052

$570

$3,607

$4,728

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

20%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Germany

DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

GermanySwitzerlandNetherlandsMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%

Germany

NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

12%76%12%

Countries in WHO European Region

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Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Greece, 2012

Greece spentDomestic funding

23 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $2,044 per capita Spending by households

- 30% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Greece: • Greece:

$22,050/capita 80 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries

• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita

• EUR hi income countries: 79 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Greece: 2 per

100,000 live births

• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among hi EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((55%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((11%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((6%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

1995 2000 2005 2010

$474

$2,309

$3,052

$624

$1,419

$2,102

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

5%

11%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Greece

DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Greece

SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaPolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%

Greece

NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

3%68%30%

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126 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Hungary, 2012

Hungary spentDomestic funding

9.8 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $987 per capita Spending by households

- 27% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Hungary: • Hungary:

$12,615/capita 74 years 2012 average of up-mid EUR income countries

• EUR up-mid income countries: $9,333/capita

• EUR up-mid income countries: 72 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Hungary: 13 per

100,000 live births

• EUR up-mid income countries: 25 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among up-mid EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((49%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((10%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((5%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1995 2000 2005 2010

$142

$383

$562

$272

$639

$1,004

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

5%

11%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Hungary

Serbia

Montenegro

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Turkey

Bulgaria

Romania

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Azerbaijan

Belarus

Albania

Kazakhstan

Turkmenistan

0% 5% 10% 15% 20%

Hungary

Bosnia and Herzegovina

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Serbia

Belarus

Turkey

Bulgaria

Romania

Kazakhstan

Montenegro

Albania

Turkmenistan

Azerbaijan

0% 2% 4% 6% 8%

Hungary

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Serbia

Turkey

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Montenegro

Bulgaria

Romania

Belarus

Albania

Kazakhstan

Turkmenistan

Azerbaijan

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

9%64%27%

Countries in WHO European Region

Page 131: WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Iceland, 2012

Iceland spentDomestic funding

1.2 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $3,872 per capita Spending by households

- 18% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Iceland: • Iceland:

$42,733/capita 82 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries

• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita

• EUR hi income countries: 79 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Iceland: 5 per

100,000 live births

• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among hi EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((46%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((16%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((7%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

1995 2000 2005 2010

$474

$2,309

$3,052

$667

$3,004

$3,724

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

20%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Iceland

DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Iceland

SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%

Iceland

NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

1%81%18%

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128 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Ireland, 2012

Ireland spentDomestic funding

17 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $3,708 per capita Spending by households

- 15% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Ireland: • Ireland:

$45,867/capita 80 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries

• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita

• EUR hi income countries: 79 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Ireland: 3 per

100,000 live births

• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among hi EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((42%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((12%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((5%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

5,000

1995 2000 2005 2010

$474

$2,309

$3,052

$562

$2,412

$3,743

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

20%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Ireland

DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Ireland

SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%

Ireland

NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

21%64%15%

Countries in WHO European Region

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Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Israel, 2012

Israel spentDomestic funding

18 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $2,289 per capita Spending by households

- 25% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Israel: • Israel:

$30,494/capita 82 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries

• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita

• EUR hi income countries: 79 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Israel: 7 per

100,000 live births

• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among hi EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((45%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((10%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((5%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

1995 2000 2005 2010

$474

$2,309

$3,052

$556

$1,372

$2,223

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%2%4%6%8%10%12%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Israel

DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Israel

SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%

Israel

NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

13%62%25%

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130 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Italy, 2012

Italy spentDomestic funding

184 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $3,032 per capita Spending by households

- 20% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Italy: • Italy:

$33,081/capita 82 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries

• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita

• EUR hi income countries: 79 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Italy: 5 per

100,000 live births

• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among hi EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((51%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((14%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((7%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

1995 2000 2005 2010

$474

$2,309

$3,052

$614

$2,372

$3,034

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Italy

DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Italy

SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%

Italy

NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandSpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

2%78%20%

Countries in WHO European Region

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Kazakhstan, 2012

Kazakhstan spentDomestic funding

8.5 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $521 per capita Spending by households

- 42% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Kazakhstan: • Kazakhstan:

$12,455/capita 64 years 2012 average of up-mid EUR income countries

• EUR up-mid income countries: $9,333/capita

• EUR up-mid income countries: 72 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Kazakhstan: 45 per

100,000 live births

• EUR up-mid income countries: 25 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among up-mid EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((22%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((11%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

1995 2000 2005 2010

$142

$383

$562

$181

$251

$435

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

0%100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Kazakhstan

Hungary

Serbia

Montenegro

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Turkey

Bulgaria

Romania

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Azerbaijan

Belarus

Albania

Turkmenistan

0% 5% 10% 15% 20%

Kazakhstan

Bosnia and Herzegovina

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Serbia

Belarus

Turkey

Bulgaria

Romania

Hungary

Montenegro

Albania

Turkmenistan

Azerbaijan

0% 2% 4% 6% 8%

Kazakhstan

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Serbia

Hungary

Turkey

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Montenegro

Bulgaria

Romania

Belarus

Albania

Turkmenistan

Azerbaijan

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

1%58%42%

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132 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Kyrgyzstan, 2012

Kyrgyzstan spentDomestic funding

462 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $84 per capita Spending by households

- 35% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Kyrgyzstan: • Kyrgyzstan:

$1,183/capita 66 years 2012 average of low-mid EUR income countries

• EUR low-mid income countries: $2,951/capita

• EUR low-mid income countries: 69 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Kyrgyzstan: 81 per

100,000 live births

• EUR low-mid income countries: 41 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low-mid EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((35%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((12%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((4%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

50

100

150

200

250

1995 2000 2005 2010

$96$111

$216

$23$39

$66

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

12%88%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Kyrgyzstan

Republic of Moldova

Ukraine

Uzbekistan

Georgia

Armenia

0% 5% 10% 15%

Kyrgyzstan

Republic of Moldova

Ukraine

Uzbekistan

Armenia

Georgia

0% 2% 4% 6%

Kyrgyzstan

Republic of Moldova

Ukraine

Uzbekistan

Armenia

Georgia

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

5%60%35%

Countries in WHO European Region

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Latvia, 2012

Latvia spentDomestic funding

1.6 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $792 per capita Spending by households

- 37% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Latvia: • Latvia:

$13,239/capita 72 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries

• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita

• EUR hi income countries: 79 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Latvia: 20 per

100,000 live births

• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among hi EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((38%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((9%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((3%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

1995 2000 2005 2010

$474

$2,309

$3,052

$284$431

$759

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

5%

11%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Latvia

DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Latvia

SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationCyprusAndorra

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%

Latvia

NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationCyprus

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

6%57%37%

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134 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Lithuania, 2012

Lithuania spentDomestic funding

2.7 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $859 per capita Spending by households

- 29% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Lithuania: • Lithuania:

$12,915/capita 73 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries

• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita

• EUR hi income countries: 79 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Lithuania: 13 per

100,000 live births

• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among hi EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((37%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((13%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((5%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

1995 2000 2005 2010

$474

$2,309

$3,052

$235

$583$823

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

3%97%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Lithuania

DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Lithuania

SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%

Lithuania

NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

1%71%29%

Countries in WHO European Region

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Luxembourg, 2012

Luxembourg spentDomestic funding

3.9 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $7,452 per capita Spending by households

- 11% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Luxembourg: • Luxembourg:

$108,756/capita 81 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries

• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita

• EUR hi income countries: 79 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Luxembourg: 17 per

100,000 live births

• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among hi EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((43%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((13%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((6%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

1995 2000 2005 2010

$474

$2,309

$3,052

$791

$5,945

$7,038

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

20%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Luxembourg

DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Luxembourg

SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%

Luxembourg

NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

4%84%11%

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136 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Malta, 2012

Malta spentDomestic funding

772 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $1,835 per capita Spending by households

- 32% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Malta: • Malta:

$20,184/capita 80 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries

• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita

• EUR hi income countries: 79 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Malta: 8 per

100,000 live births

• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among hi EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((45%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((13%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((6%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

1995 2000 2005 2010

$474

$2,309

$3,052

$587

$1,193

$1,819

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Malta

DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Malta

SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%

Malta

NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreecePortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

2%66%32%

Countries in WHO European Region

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Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Monaco, 2012

Monaco spentDomestic funding

252 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $6,708 per capita Spending by households

- 7% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Monaco: • Monaco:

$152,481/capita 82 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries

• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita

• EUR hi income countries: 79 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Monaco: 0 per

100,000 live births

• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among hi EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((21%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((19%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((4%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

1995 2000 2005 2010

$474

$2,309

$3,052

$470

$5,953

$6,722

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

20%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Monaco

DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandAndorra

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Monaco

SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%

Monaco

NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprus

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

4%89%7%

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138 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Montenegro, 2012

Montenegro spentDomestic funding

306 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $493 per capita Spending by households

- 37% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Montenegro: • Montenegro:

$6,514/capita 75 years 2012 average of up-mid EUR income countries

• EUR up-mid income countries: $9,333/capita

• EUR up-mid income countries: 72 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Montenegro: 15 per

100,000 live births

• EUR up-mid income countries: 25 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among up-mid EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((45%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((10%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((5%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

1995 2000 2005 2010

$142

$383

$562

$181

$294

$493

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

20%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

1%99%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Montenegro

Hungary

Serbia

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Turkey

Bulgaria

Romania

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Azerbaijan

Belarus

Albania

Kazakhstan

Turkmenistan

0% 5% 10% 15% 20%

Montenegro

Bosnia and Herzegovina

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Serbia

Belarus

Turkey

Bulgaria

Romania

Kazakhstan

Hungary

Albania

Turkmenistan

Azerbaijan

0% 2% 4% 6% 8%

Montenegro

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Serbia

Hungary

Turkey

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Bulgaria

Romania

Belarus

Albania

Kazakhstan

Turkmenistan

Azerbaijan

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

4%60%37%

Countries in WHO European Region

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Netherlands, 2012

Netherlands spentDomestic funding

96 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $5,737 per capita Spending by households

- 6% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Netherlands: • Netherlands:

$46,128/capita 81 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries

• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita

• EUR hi income countries: 79 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Netherlands: 9 per

100,000 live births

• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among hi EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((50%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((20%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((10%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

1995 2000 2005 2010

$474

$2,309

$3,052

$324

$4,629

$5,800

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Netherlands

DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalySloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

NetherlandsSwitzerlandGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%

NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

15%80%6%

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140 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Norway, 2012

Norway spentDomestic funding

45 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $9,055 per capita Spending by households

- 13% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Norway: • Norway:

$100,511/capita 81 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries

• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita

• EUR hi income countries: 79 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Norway: 7 per

100,000 live births

• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among hi EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((43%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((18%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((8%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

1995 2000 2005 2010

$474

$2,309

$3,052

$1,068

$6,761

$7,947

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Norway

DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Norway

SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%

Norway

NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

1%85%13%

Countries in WHO European Region

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Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Poland, 2012

Poland spentDomestic funding

33 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $854 per capita Spending by households

- 23% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Poland: • Poland:

$12,711/capita 76 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries

• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita

• EUR hi income countries: 79 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Poland: 6 per

100,000 live births

• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among hi EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((42%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((11%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((5%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

1995 2000 2005 2010

$474

$2,309

$3,052

$199

$611

$872

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%2%4%6%8%10%12%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Poland

DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Poland

SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreeceIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%

Poland

NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

7%70%23%

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142 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Portugal, 2012

Portugal spentDomestic funding

20 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $1,905 per capita Spending by households

- 32% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Portugal: • Portugal:

$20,160/capita 79 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries

• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita

• EUR hi income countries: 79 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Portugal: 7 per

100,000 live births

• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among hi EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((47%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((12%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((6%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

1995 2000 2005 2010

$474

$2,309

$3,052

$619

$1,225

$1,956

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Portugal

DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Portugal

SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%

Portugal

NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

6%63%32%

Countries in WHO European Region

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Republic of Moldova, 2012

Republic of Moldova spent Domestic funding

850 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $239 per capita Spending by households

- 45% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Republic of Moldova: • Republic of Moldova:

$2,038/capita 69 years 2012 average of low-mid EUR income countries

• EUR low-mid income countries: $2,951/capita

• EUR low-mid income countries: 69 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Republic of Moldova: 32 per

100,000 live births

• EUR low-mid income countries: 41 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low-mid EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((40%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((13%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((5%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

50

100

150

200

250

1995 2000 2005 2010

$96$111

$216

$110$110

$242

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

20%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

7%93%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Republic of Moldova

Ukraine

Kyrgyzstan

Uzbekistan

Georgia

Armenia

0% 5% 10% 15%

Republic of Moldova

Kyrgyzstan

Ukraine

Uzbekistan

Armenia

Georgia

0% 2% 4% 6%

Republic of Moldova

Kyrgyzstan

Ukraine

Uzbekistan

Armenia

Georgia

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

9%46%45%

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144 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Romania, 2012

Romania spentDomestic funding

8.9 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $420 per capita Spending by households

- 22% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Romania: • Romania:

$8,212/capita 73 years 2012 average of up-mid EUR income countries

• EUR up-mid income countries: $9,333/capita

• EUR up-mid income countries: 72 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Romania: 27 per

100,000 live births

• EUR up-mid income countries: 25 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among up-mid EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((35%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((11%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((4%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

1995 2000 2005 2010

$142

$383

$562

$91

$326

$420

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

5%

11%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Romania

Hungary

Serbia

Montenegro

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Turkey

Bulgaria

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Azerbaijan

Belarus

Albania

Kazakhstan

Turkmenistan

0% 5% 10% 15% 20%

Romania

Bosnia and Herzegovina

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Serbia

Belarus

Turkey

Bulgaria

Kazakhstan

Hungary

Montenegro

Albania

Turkmenistan

Azerbaijan

0% 2% 4% 6% 8%

Romania

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Serbia

Hungary

Turkey

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Montenegro

Bulgaria

Belarus

Albania

Kazakhstan

Turkmenistan

Azerbaijan

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

0%78%22%

Countries in WHO European Region

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Russian Federation, 2012

Russian Federation spent Domestic funding

127 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $887 per capita Spending by households

- 34% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Russian Federation: • Russian Federation:

$14,178/capita 68 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries

• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita

• EUR hi income countries: 79 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Russian Federation: 39 per

100,000 live births

• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among hi EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((37%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((10%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((4%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

1995 2000 2005 2010

$474

$2,309

$3,052

$247$438

$719

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

5%

11%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Russian Federation

DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Russian Federation

SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelLatviaCyprusAndorra

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%

Russian Federation

NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoLatviaCyprus

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

5%61%34%

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146 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: San Marino, 2012

San Marino spentDomestic funding

121 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $3,792 per capita Spending by households

- 12% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• San Marino: • San Marino:

$58,007/capita 83 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries

• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita

• EUR hi income countries: 79 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• San Marino: 0 per

100,000 live births

• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among hi EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((43%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((13%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((6%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

5,000

1995 2000 2005 2010

$474

$2,309

$3,052

$460

$3,264

$3,744

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

San Marino

DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

San Marino

SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%

San Marino

NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

1%87%12%

Countries in WHO European Region

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Serbia, 2012

Serbia spentDomestic funding

4.0 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $561 per capita Spending by households

- 37% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Serbia: • Serbia:

$5,360/capita 74 years 2012 average of up-mid EUR income countries

• EUR up-mid income countries: $9,333/capita

• EUR up-mid income countries: 72 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Serbia: 8 per

100,000 live births

• EUR up-mid income countries: 25 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among up-mid EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((48%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((13%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((6%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

1995 2000 2005 2010

$142

$383

$562

$206

$340

$555

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

0%100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Serbia

Hungary

Montenegro

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Turkey

Bulgaria

Romania

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Azerbaijan

Belarus

Albania

Kazakhstan

Turkmenistan

0% 5% 10% 15% 20%

Serbia

Bosnia and Herzegovina

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Belarus

Turkey

Bulgaria

Romania

Kazakhstan

Hungary

Montenegro

Albania

Turkmenistan

Azerbaijan

0% 2% 4% 6% 8%

Serbia

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Hungary

Turkey

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Montenegro

Bulgaria

Romania

Belarus

Albania

Kazakhstan

Turkmenistan

Azerbaijan

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

2%61%37%

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Slovakia, 2012

Slovakia spentDomestic funding

7.2 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $1,326 per capita Spending by households

- 23% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Slovakia: • Slovakia:

$16,990/capita 75 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries

• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita

• EUR hi income countries: 79 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Slovakia: 6 per

100,000 live births

• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among hi EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((37%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((15%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((6%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

1995 2000 2005 2010

$474

$2,309

$3,052

$303

$935

$1,327

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Slovakia

DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Slovakia

SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%

Slovakia

NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

7%71%23%

Countries in WHO European Region

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Slovenia, 2012

Slovenia spentDomestic funding

4.0 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $1,942 per capita Spending by households

- 12% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Slovenia: • Slovenia:

$22,169/capita 79 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries

• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita

• EUR hi income countries: 79 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Slovenia: 18 per

100,000 live births

• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among hi EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((49%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((13%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((6%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

1995 2000 2005 2010

$474

$2,309

$3,052

$236

$1,447

$1,974

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Slovenia

DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Slovenia

SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%

Slovenia

NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

15%73%12%

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150 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Spain, 2012

Spain spentDomestic funding

130 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $2,808 per capita Spending by households

- 20% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Spain: • Spain:

$29,191/capita 82 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries

• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita

• EUR hi income countries: 79 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Spain: 6 per

100,000 live births

• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among hi EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((47%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((15%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((7%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

1995 2000 2005 2010

$474

$2,309

$3,052

$580

$2,106

$2,863

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

20%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Spain

DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Spain

SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%

Spain

NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

6%74%20%

Countries in WHO European Region

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Sweden, 2012

Sweden spentDomestic funding

50 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $5,319 per capita Spending by households

- 16% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Sweden: • Sweden:

$55,339/capita 81 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries

• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita

• EUR hi income countries: 79 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Sweden: 5 per

100,000 live births

• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among hi EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((52%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((15%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((8%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

5,000

1995 2000 2005 2010

$474

$2,309

$3,052

$791

$4,009

$4,908

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Sweden

DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Sweden

SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%

Sweden

NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

2%82%16%

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152 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Switzerland, 2012

Switzerland spentDomestic funding

71 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $8,980 per capita Spending by households

- 28% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Switzerland: • Switzerland:

$79,501/capita 82 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries

• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita

• EUR hi income countries: 79 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Switzerland: 10 per

100,000 live births

• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among hi EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((34%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((21%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((7%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

1995 2000 2005 2010

$474

$2,309

$3,052

$2,266

$4,966

$8,051

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Switzerland

DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaUnited KingdomPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaMonacoAndorra

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkUnited KingdomFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%

Switzerland

NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenUnited KingdomNorwayIcelandItalySpainFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

10%62%28%

Countries in WHO European Region

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Tajikistan, 2012

Tajikistan spentDomestic funding

440 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $55 per capita Spending by households

- 60% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Tajikistan: • Tajikistan:

$953/capita 68 years 2012 average of low EUR income countries

• EUR low income countries: $953/capita

• EUR low income countries: 68 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Tajikistan: 64 per

100,000 live births

• EUR low income countries:64 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((25%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((7%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((2%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

1995 2000 2005 2010

$33

$16

$55

$28

$14

$47

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

9%91%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Tajikistan

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40%

Tajikistan

0% 2% 4% 6% 8%10%12%14%16%18%20%

Tajikistan

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

10%30%60%

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154 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Turkey, 2012

Turkey spentDomestic funding

50 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $665 per capita Spending by households

- 17% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Turkey: • Turkey:

$10,557/capita 75 years 2012 average of up-mid EUR income countries

• EUR up-mid income countries: $9,333/capita

• EUR up-mid income countries: 72 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Turkey: 23 per

100,000 live births

• EUR up-mid income countries: 25 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among up-mid EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((36%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((13%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((5%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

1995 2000 2005 2010

$142

$383

$562

$116

$509

$689

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

5%

11%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

0%100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Turkey

Hungary

Serbia

Montenegro

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Bulgaria

Romania

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Azerbaijan

Belarus

Albania

Kazakhstan

Turkmenistan

0% 5% 10% 15% 20%

Turkey

Bosnia and Herzegovina

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Serbia

Belarus

Bulgaria

Romania

Kazakhstan

Hungary

Montenegro

Albania

Turkmenistan

Azerbaijan

0% 2% 4% 6% 8%

Turkey

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Serbia

Hungary

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Montenegro

Bulgaria

Romania

Belarus

Albania

Kazakhstan

Turkmenistan

Azerbaijan

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

9%74%17%

Countries in WHO European Region

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Turkmenistan, 2012

Turkmenistan spentDomestic funding

666 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $129 per capita Spending by households

- 37% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Turkmenistan: • Turkmenistan:

$6,511/capita 63 years 2012 average of up-mid EUR income countries

• EUR up-mid income countries: $9,333/capita

• EUR up-mid income countries: 72 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Turkmenistan: 77 per

100,000 live births

• EUR up-mid income countries: 25 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among up-mid EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((14%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((9%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((1%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

1995 2000 2005 2010

$142

$383

$562

$40$70

$110

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

1%99%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Turkmenistan

Hungary

Serbia

Montenegro

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Turkey

Bulgaria

Romania

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Azerbaijan

Belarus

Albania

Kazakhstan

0% 5% 10% 15% 20%

Turkmenistan

Bosnia and Herzegovina

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Serbia

Belarus

Turkey

Bulgaria

Romania

Kazakhstan

Hungary

Montenegro

Albania

Azerbaijan

0% 2% 4% 6% 8%

Turkmenistan

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Serbia

Hungary

Turkey

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Montenegro

Bulgaria

Romania

Belarus

Albania

Kazakhstan

Azerbaijan

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

63%37%

Page 160: WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

156 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Ukraine, 2012

Ukraine spentDomestic funding

13 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $293 per capita Spending by households

- 42% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Ukraine: • Ukraine:

$3,872/capita 68 years 2012 average of low-mid EUR income countries

• EUR low-mid income countries: $2,951/capita

• EUR low-mid income countries: 69 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Ukraine: 26 per

100,000 live births

• EUR low-mid income countries: 41 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low-mid EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((36%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((12%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((4%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

50

100

150

200

250

1995 2000 2005 2010

$96$111

$216

$101

$131

$239

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

1%99%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Ukraine

Republic of Moldova

Kyrgyzstan

Uzbekistan

Georgia

Armenia

0% 5% 10% 15%

Ukraine

Republic of Moldova

Kyrgyzstan

Uzbekistan

Armenia

Georgia

0% 2% 4% 6%

Ukraine

Republic of Moldova

Kyrgyzstan

Uzbekistan

Armenia

Georgia

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

3%55%42%

Countries in WHO European Region

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: United Kingdom, 2012

United Kingdom spentDomestic funding

230 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $3,647 per capita Spending by households

- 10% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• United Kingdom: • United Kingdom:

$38,657/capita 80 years 2012 average of hi EUR income countries

• EUR hi income countries:$31,080/capita

• EUR hi income countries: 79 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• United Kingdom: 12 per

100,000 live births

• EUR hi income countries:10 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among hi EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((49%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((16%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((8%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

1995 2000 2005 2010

$474

$2,309

$3,052

$342

$2,835

$3,437

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

20%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

United Kingdom

DenmarkFranceFinlandBelgiumGreeceSwedenAustriaItalyNetherlandsSloveniaPortugalSpainIcelandCyprusGermanyMaltaIsraelCzech RepublicSan MarinoNorwayLuxembourgPolandIrelandEstoniaLatviaSlovakiaCroatiaRussian FederationLithuaniaSwitzerlandMonacoAndorra

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

United Kingdom

SwitzerlandNetherlandsGermanyMonacoNorwayAustriaDenmarkFranceIcelandSwedenCroatiaSpainBelgiumSlovakiaCzech RepublicItalyLuxembourgMaltaSan MarinoSloveniaLithuaniaPortugalIrelandFinlandEstoniaGreecePolandIsraelRussian FederationLatviaCyprusAndorra

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%

United Kingdom

NetherlandsDenmarkFranceAustriaGermanyBelgiumSwedenNorwayIcelandItalySpainSwitzerlandFinlandCzech RepublicSloveniaAndorraGreeceMaltaPortugalLuxembourgSan MarinoCroatiaSlovakiaIrelandEstoniaLithuaniaPolandIsraelMonacoRussian FederationLatviaCyprus

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

8%83%10%

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158 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Uzbekistan, 2012

Uzbekistan spentDomestic funding

3.0 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $105 per capita Spending by households

- 44% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Uzbekistan: • Uzbekistan:

$1,789/capita 69 years 2012 average of low-mid EUR income countries

• EUR low-mid income countries: $2,951/capita

• EUR low-mid income countries: 69 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Uzbekistan: 30 per

100,000 live births

• EUR low-mid income countries: 41 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low-mid EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((32%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((10%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((3%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

50

100

150

200

250

1995 2000 2005 2010

$96$111

$216

$42$50

$94

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%2%4%6%8%10%12%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

1%99%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Uzbekistan

Republic of Moldova

Ukraine

Kyrgyzstan

Georgia

Armenia

0% 5% 10% 15%

Uzbekistan

Republic of Moldova

Kyrgyzstan

Ukraine

Armenia

Georgia

0% 2% 4% 6%

Uzbekistan

Republic of Moldova

Kyrgyzstan

Ukraine

Armenia

Georgia

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

3%53%44%

Countries in WHO European Region

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, 2012

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia spent Domestic funding

689 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $327 per capita Spending by households

- 36% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia:

• The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia:

$4,590/capita 74 years 2012 average of up-mid EUR income countries

• EUR up-mid income countries: $9,333/capita

• EUR up-mid income countries: 72 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia: 9 per

100,000 live births

• EUR up-mid income countries: 25 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the

region

Among up-mid EUR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((34%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((14%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((5%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

550

600

1995 2000 2005 2010

$142

$383

$562

$117

$209

$326

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

20%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

1%99%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Hungary

Serbia

Montenegro

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Turkey

Bulgaria

Romania

Azerbaijan

Belarus

Albania

Kazakhstan

Turkmenistan

0% 5% 10% 15% 20%

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Serbia

Belarus

Turkey

Bulgaria

Romania

Kazakhstan

Hungary

Montenegro

Albania

Turkmenistan

Azerbaijan

0% 2% 4% 6% 8%

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Serbia

Hungary

Turkey

Montenegro

Bulgaria

Romania

Belarus

Albania

Kazakhstan

Turkmenistan

Azerbaijan

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

64%36%

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160 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Afghanistan

Bahrain

Djibouti

Egypt

Iran (Islamic Republic of)

Iraq

Jordan

Kuwait

Lebanon

Libyan Arab Jamahiriya

Morocco

Oman

Pakistan

Qatar

Saudi Arabia

Somalia

Sudan

Syrian Arab Republic

Tunisia

United Arab Emirates

Yemen

WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2010 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Afghanistan, 2012

Afghanistan spentDomestic funding

1.7 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $51 per capita Spending by households

- 74% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Afghanistan: • Afghanistan:

$595/capita 48 years 2012 average of low EMR income countries

• EMR low income countries: $595/capita

• EMR low income countries: 50 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Afghanistan: 1,400 per

100,000 live births

• EMR low income countries: 1,300 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low EMR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((25%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((7%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((2%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

1995 2000 2005 2010

$38

$11

$51

$34

$10

$46

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

22%78%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40%

Afghanistan

Somalia

0% 5% 10%

Afghanistan

Somalia

0% 2%

Afghanistan

Somalia

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

5%21%74%

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162 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Bahrain, 2012

Bahrain spentDomestic funding

1.2 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $895 per capita Spending by households

- 16% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Bahrain: • Bahrain:

$23,039/capita 74 years 2012 average of hi EMR income countries

• EMR hi income countries:$34,042/capita

• EMR hi income countries: 76 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Bahrain: 19 per

100,000 live births

• EMR hi income countries:15 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among hi EMR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((29%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((10%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((3%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1,000

1,100

1995 2000 2005 2010

$173

$694

$986

$132

$575

$800

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

5%

11%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Bahrain

Oman

Kuwait

Saudi Arabia

Qatar

United Arab Emirates

0% 5% 10%

Bahrain

United Arab Emirates

Saudi Arabia

Kuwait

Oman

Qatar

0% 2% 4%

Bahrain

Saudi Arabia

Oman

Kuwait

United Arab Emirates

Qatar

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

12%72%16%

Countries in WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region

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Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Djibouti, 2012

Djibouti spentDomestic funding

119 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $129 per capita Spending by households

- 40% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Djibouti: • Djibouti:

$1,467/capita 60 years 2012 average of low-mid EMR income countries

• EMR low-mid income countries: $1,927/capita

• EMR low-mid income countries: 66 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Djibouti: 300 per

100,000 live births

• EMR low-mid income countries: 251 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low-mid EMR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((37%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((14%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((5%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

1995 2000 2005 2010

$53

$31

$88

$47

$70

$117

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

13%87%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40%

Djibouti

Yemen

Morocco

Egypt

Syrian Arab Republic

Pakistan

Sudan

0% 5% 10% 15% 20%

Djibouti

Sudan

Morocco

Egypt

Syrian Arab Republic

Pakistan

Yemen

0% 2% 4% 6%

Djibouti

Morocco

Egypt

Sudan

Syrian Arab Republic

Yemen

Pakistan

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

0%60%40%

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164 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Egypt, 2012

Egypt spentDomestic funding

13 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $152 per capita Spending by households

- 60% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Egypt: • Egypt:

$3,033/capita 71 years 2012 average of low-mid EMR income countries

• EMR low-mid income countries: $1,927/capita

• EMR low-mid income countries: 66 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Egypt: 82 per

100,000 live births

• EMR low-mid income countries: 251 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low-mid EMR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((33%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((6%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((2%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

1995 2000 2005 2010

$53

$31

$88$79

$52

$133

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

0%100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40%

Egypt

Yemen

Djibouti

Morocco

Syrian Arab Republic

Pakistan

Sudan

0% 5% 10% 15% 20%

Egypt

Djibouti

Sudan

Morocco

Syrian Arab Republic

Pakistan

Yemen

0% 2% 4% 6%

Egypt

Djibouti

Morocco

Sudan

Syrian Arab Republic

Yemen

Pakistan

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

1%39%60%

Countries in WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Egypt, 2012

Egypt spentDomestic funding

13 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $152 per capita Spending by households

- 60% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Egypt: • Egypt:

$3,033/capita 71 years 2012 average of low-mid EMR income countries

• EMR low-mid income countries: $1,927/capita

• EMR low-mid income countries: 66 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Egypt: 82 per

100,000 live births

• EMR low-mid income countries: 251 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low-mid EMR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((33%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((6%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((2%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

1995 2000 2005 2010

$53

$31

$88$79

$52

$133

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

0%100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40%

Egypt

Yemen

Djibouti

Morocco

Syrian Arab Republic

Pakistan

Sudan

0% 5% 10% 15% 20%

Egypt

Djibouti

Sudan

Morocco

Syrian Arab Republic

Pakistan

Yemen

0% 2% 4% 6%

Egypt

Djibouti

Morocco

Sudan

Syrian Arab Republic

Yemen

Pakistan

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

1%39%60%

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166 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Iraq, 2012

Iraq spentDomestic funding

7.7 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $226 per capita Spending by households

- 46% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Iraq: • Iraq:

$6,309/capita 66 years 2012 average of up-mid EMR income countries

• EMR up-mid income countries: $7,057/capita

• EMR up-mid income countries: 72 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Iraq: 75 per

100,000 live births

• EMR up-mid income countries: 52 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among up-mid EMR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((43%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((4%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

1995 2000 2005 2010

$194$191

$414

$80$92

$172

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%1%2%3%4%5%6%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

0%100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Iraq

Libya

Jordan

Lebanon

Tunisia

Iran (Islamic Republic of)

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Iraq

Jordan

Iran (Islamic Republic of)

Tunisia

Libya

Lebanon

0% 2% 4% 6% 8%

Iraq

Jordan

Tunisia

Libya

Iran (Islamic Republic of)

Lebanon

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

54%46%

Countries in WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Jordan, 2012

Jordan spentDomestic funding

2.7 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $388 per capita Spending by households

- 28% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Jordan: • Jordan:

$3,946/capita 71 years 2012 average of up-mid EMR income countries

• EMR up-mid income countries: $7,057/capita

• EMR up-mid income countries: 72 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Jordan: 59 per

100,000 live births

• EMR up-mid income countries: 52 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among up-mid EMR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((35%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((18%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((6%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

1995 2000 2005 2010

$194$191

$414

$99

$219

$347

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

20%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

4%96%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Jordan

Libya

Iraq

Lebanon

Tunisia

Iran (Islamic Republic of)

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Jordan

Iran (Islamic Republic of)

Tunisia

Libya

Lebanon

Iraq

0% 2% 4% 6% 8%

Jordan

Tunisia

Libya

Iran (Islamic Republic of)

Lebanon

Iraq

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

8%63%28%

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168 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Kuwait, 2012

Kuwait spentDomestic funding

4.6 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $1,428 per capita Spending by households

- 16% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Kuwait: • Kuwait:

$56,367/capita 78 years 2012 average of hi EMR income countries

• EMR hi income countries:$34,042/capita

• EMR hi income countries: 76 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Kuwait: 9 per

100,000 live births

• EMR hi income countries:15 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among hi EMR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((37%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((6%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((2%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

1,600

1,800

2,000

1995 2000 2005 2010

$173

$694

$986

$165

$862

$1,044

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Kuwait

Oman

Saudi Arabia

Qatar

Bahrain

United Arab Emirates

0% 5% 10%

Kuwait

Bahrain

United Arab Emirates

Saudi Arabia

Oman

Qatar

0% 2% 4%

Kuwait

Bahrain

Saudi Arabia

Oman

United Arab Emirates

Qatar

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

2%83%16%

Countries in WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region

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Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Lebanon, 2012

Lebanon spentDomestic funding

3.0 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $650 per capita Spending by households

- 39% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Lebanon: • Lebanon:

$8,897/capita 74 years 2012 average of up-mid EMR income countries

• EMR up-mid income countries: $7,057/capita

• EMR up-mid income countries: 72 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Lebanon: 26 per

100,000 live births

• EMR up-mid income countries: 52 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among up-mid EMR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((32%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((7%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1,000

1,100

1995 2000 2005 2010

$194$191

$414

$227$172

$587

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

1%99%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Lebanon

Libya

Iraq

Jordan

Tunisia

Iran (Islamic Republic of)

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Lebanon

Jordan

Iran (Islamic Republic of)

Tunisia

Libya

Iraq

0% 2% 4% 6% 8%

Lebanon

Jordan

Tunisia

Libya

Iran (Islamic Republic of)

Iraq

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

32%29%39%

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170 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Libya, 2012

Libya spentDomestic funding

3.7 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $578 per capita Spending by households

- 23% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Libya: • Libya:

$14,808/capita 72 years 2012 average of up-mid EMR income countries

• EMR up-mid income countries: $7,057/capita

• EMR up-mid income countries: 72 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Libya: 64 per

100,000 live births

• EMR up-mid income countries: 52 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among up-mid EMR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((44%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((7%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((3%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

1995 2000 2005 2010

$194$191

$414

$101

$344

$445

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

0%100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Libya

Iraq

Jordan

Lebanon

Tunisia

Iran (Islamic Republic of)

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Libya

Jordan

Iran (Islamic Republic of)

Tunisia

Lebanon

Iraq

0% 2% 4% 6% 8%

Libya

Jordan

Tunisia

Iran (Islamic Republic of)

Lebanon

Iraq

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

77%23%

Countries in WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Morocco, 2012

Morocco spentDomestic funding

6.2 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $190 per capita Spending by households

- 59% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Morocco: • Morocco:

$2,974/capita 73 years 2012 average of low-mid EMR income countries

• EMR low-mid income countries: $1,927/capita

• EMR low-mid income countries: 66 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Morocco: 110 per

100,000 live births

• EMR low-mid income countries: 251 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low-mid EMR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((35%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((6%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((2%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

1995 2000 2005 2010

$53

$31

$88

$114

$65

$194

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40%

Morocco

Yemen

Djibouti

Egypt

Syrian Arab Republic

Pakistan

Sudan

0% 5% 10% 15% 20%

Morocco

Djibouti

Sudan

Egypt

Syrian Arab Republic

Pakistan

Yemen

0% 2% 4% 6%

Morocco

Djibouti

Egypt

Sudan

Syrian Arab Republic

Yemen

Pakistan

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

8%33%59%

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172 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Oman, 2012

Oman spentDomestic funding

2.0 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $690 per capita Spending by households

- 12% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Oman: • Oman:

$26,330/capita 74 years 2012 average of hi EMR income countries

• EMR hi income countries:$34,042/capita

• EMR hi income countries: 76 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Oman: 20 per

100,000 live births

• EMR hi income countries:15 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among hi EMR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((38%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((6%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((2%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1,000

1,100

1995 2000 2005 2010

$173

$694

$986

$66

$440

$547

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Oman

Kuwait

Saudi Arabia

Qatar

Bahrain

United Arab Emirates

0% 5% 10%

Oman

Bahrain

United Arab Emirates

Saudi Arabia

Kuwait

Qatar

0% 2% 4%

Oman

Bahrain

Saudi Arabia

Kuwait

United Arab Emirates

Qatar

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

8%80%12%

Countries in WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Pakistan, 2012

Pakistan spentDomestic funding

6.0 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $34 per capita Spending by households

- 55% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Pakistan: • Pakistan:

$1,252/capita 63 years 2012 average of low-mid EMR income countries

• EMR low-mid income countries: $1,927/capita

• EMR low-mid income countries: 66 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Pakistan: 260 per

100,000 live births

• EMR low-mid income countries: 251 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low-mid EMR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((21%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((5%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((1%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

1995 2000 2005 2010

$53

$31

$88

$15$10

$28

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

1%

2%

3%

4%

5%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

5%95%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40%

Pakistan

Yemen

Djibouti

Morocco

Egypt

Syrian Arab Republic

Sudan

0% 5% 10% 15% 20%

Pakistan

Djibouti

Sudan

Morocco

Egypt

Syrian Arab Republic

Yemen

0% 2% 4% 6%

Pakistan

Djibouti

Morocco

Egypt

Sudan

Syrian Arab Republic

Yemen

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

8%37%55%

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174 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Qatar, 2012

Qatar spentDomestic funding

4.2 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $2,029 per capita Spending by households

- 9% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Qatar: • Qatar:

$93,832/capita 78 years 2012 average of hi EMR income countries

• EMR hi income countries:$34,042/capita

• EMR hi income countries: 76 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Qatar: 8 per

100,000 live births

• EMR hi income countries:15 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among hi EMR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((34%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((5%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

1995 2000 2005 2010

$173

$694

$986

$135

$1,324

$1,583

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

5%

11%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Qatar

Oman

Kuwait

Saudi Arabia

Bahrain

United Arab Emirates

0% 5% 10%

Qatar

Bahrain

United Arab Emirates

Saudi Arabia

Kuwait

Oman

0% 2% 4%

Qatar

Bahrain

Saudi Arabia

Oman

Kuwait

United Arab Emirates

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

8%84%9%

Countries in WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region

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Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Saudi Arabia, 2012

Saudi Arabia spentDomestic funding

23 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $795 per capita Spending by households

- 19% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Saudi Arabia: • Saudi Arabia:

$24,771/capita 72 years 2012 average of hi EMR income countries

• EMR hi income countries:$34,042/capita

• EMR hi income countries: 76 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Saudi Arabia: 24 per

100,000 live births

• EMR hi income countries:15 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among hi EMR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((37%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((6%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((2%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1,000

1,100

1995 2000 2005 2010

$173

$694

$986

$126

$442

$672

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Saudi Arabia

Oman

Kuwait

Qatar

Bahrain

United Arab Emirates

0% 5% 10%

Saudi Arabia

Bahrain

United Arab Emirates

Kuwait

Oman

Qatar

0% 2% 4%

Saudi Arabia

Bahrain

Oman

Kuwait

United Arab Emirates

Qatar

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

16%66%19%

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176 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Somalia, 2012

Somalia spentDomestic funding

0 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $0 per capita Spending by households

- 0% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Somalia: • Somalia:

$0/capita 51 years 2012 average of low EMR income countries

• EMR low income countries: $595/capita

• EMR low income countries: 50 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Somalia: 1,200 per

100,000 live births

• EMR low income countries: 1,300 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low EMR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((0%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((0%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((0%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

1995 2000 2005 2010

$38

$11

$51

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

1%

2%

3%

4%

5%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

0% 10% 20% 30% 40%

Somalia

Afghanistan

0% 5% 10%

Somalia

Afghanistan

0% 2%

Somalia

Afghanistan

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

Countries in WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Sudan, 2012

Sudan spentDomestic funding

4.3 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $115 per capita Spending by households

- 74% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Sudan: • Sudan:

$1,580/capita 59 years 2012 average of low-mid EMR income countries

• EMR low-mid income countries: $1,927/capita

• EMR low-mid income countries: 66 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Sudan: 750 per

100,000 live births

• EMR low-mid income countries: 251 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low-mid EMR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((16%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((11%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((2%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

1995 2000 2005 2010

$53

$31

$88$81

$26

$110

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

5%

11%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

2%98%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40%

Sudan

Yemen

Djibouti

Morocco

Egypt

Syrian Arab Republic

Pakistan

0% 5% 10% 15% 20%

Sudan

Djibouti

Morocco

Egypt

Syrian Arab Republic

Pakistan

Yemen

0% 2% 4% 6%

Sudan

Djibouti

Morocco

Egypt

Syrian Arab Republic

Yemen

Pakistan

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

3%23%74%

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178 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Syrian Arab Republic, 2012

Syrian Arab Republic spent Domestic funding

2.2 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $105 per capita Spending by households

- 54% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Syrian Arab Republic: • Syrian Arab Republic:

$3,077/capita 74 years 2012 average of low-mid EMR income countries

• EMR low-mid income countries: $1,927/capita

• EMR low-mid income countries: 66 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Syrian Arab Republic: 46 per

100,000 live births

• EMR low-mid income countries: 251 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low-mid EMR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((28%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((6%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((2%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

1995 2000 2005 2010

$53

$31

$88

$50$42

$92

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

1%99%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40%

Syrian Arab Republic

Yemen

Djibouti

Morocco

Egypt

Pakistan

Sudan

0% 5% 10% 15% 20%

Syrian Arab Republic

Djibouti

Sudan

Morocco

Egypt

Pakistan

Yemen

0% 2% 4% 6%

Syrian Arab Republic

Djibouti

Morocco

Egypt

Sudan

Yemen

Pakistan

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

46%54%

Countries in WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region

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Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Tunisia, 2012

Tunisia spentDomestic funding

3.2 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $297 per capita Spending by households

- 36% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Tunisia: • Tunisia:

$4,216/capita 75 years 2012 average of up-mid EMR income countries

• EMR up-mid income countries: $7,057/capita

• EMR up-mid income countries: 72 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Tunisia: 60 per

100,000 live births

• EMR up-mid income countries: 52 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among up-mid EMR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((31%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((13%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((4%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

1995 2000 2005 2010

$194$191

$414

$105

$175

$297

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

5%

11%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

0%100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Tunisia

Libya

Iraq

Jordan

Lebanon

Iran (Islamic Republic of)

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Tunisia

Jordan

Iran (Islamic Republic of)

Libya

Lebanon

Iraq

0% 2% 4% 6% 8%

Tunisia

Jordan

Libya

Iran (Islamic Republic of)

Lebanon

Iraq

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

5%59%36%

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: United Arab Emirates, 2012

United Arab Emirates spent Domestic funding

11 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $1,343 per capita Spending by households

- 20% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• United Arab Emirates: • United Arab Emirates:

$47,348/capita 78 years 2012 average of hi EMR income countries

• EMR hi income countries:$34,042/capita

• EMR hi income countries: 76 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• United Arab Emirates: 10 per

100,000 live births

• EMR hi income countries:15 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among hi EMR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((21%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((9%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

1,600

1,800

1995 2000 2005 2010

$173

$694

$986

$222

$739

$1,090

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

United Arab Emirates

Oman

Kuwait

Saudi Arabia

Qatar

Bahrain

0% 5% 10%

United Arab Emirates

Bahrain

Saudi Arabia

Kuwait

Oman

Qatar

0% 2% 4%

United Arab Emirates

Bahrain

Saudi Arabia

Oman

Kuwait

Qatar

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

12%68%20%

Countries in WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Yemen, 2012

Yemen spentDomestic funding

1.8 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $71 per capita Spending by households

- 72% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Yemen: • Yemen:

$1,284/capita 0 years 2012 average of low-mid EMR income countries

• EMR low-mid income countries: $1,927/capita

• EMR low-mid income countries: 0 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Yemen: 0 per

100,000 live births

• EMR low-mid income countries: 0 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of

the region

Among low-mid EMR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((38%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((4%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))

Source: National Health Accounts database, World Health Organization ([email protected])

Footnote:

All the indicators refer to expenditures by Financing Agent classification except External resources which falls in to Financing Source classification. While the components of Total health expenditure (THE) would come up to 100% within the same classification, one cannot expect sum of components of different classifications to come up to THE.Eg. Sum of General government (GG), components of Private (Pvt) expenditures on health and Externally funded expenditures on health may not add up to THE, as external resources (as a Financing Source) might flow through government or private and will be double counted.We recommend further reading on this, in the ‘Glossary of terms’ in the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/In some cases, the sum of components of the same classification may not add up to 100% because of rounding”.When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1.

In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000), unless otherwise stated for the country. Absolute values of expenditures are expressed in nominal terms (current prices).National currency unit per US$ are calculated using the average exchange rates for the year. For 2008, 2009 the use of yearly average exchange rates (compared to year-end exchange rates) may not fully represent the impact of the global financial crisis.

National currency unit per US$ are calculated using the average exchange rates for the year. For 2008, 2009 the use of yearly average exchange rates (compared to year-end exchange rates) may not fully represent the impact of the global financial crisis.PPP series resulting from the 2005 International comparison project (ICP) estimated by the World Bank has been used. In countries where this is not available, PPPs are estimated by the WHO.

Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used.

Source : Health expenditure series, World Health Organization, Geneva, (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

1995 2000 2005 2010

$32

$12

$44

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%2%4%6%8%10%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

4%96%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40%

Yemen

Djibouti

Morocco

Egypt

Syrian Arab Republic

Pakistan

Sudan

0% 5% 10% 15% 20%

Yemen

Djibouti

Sudan

Morocco

Egypt

Syrian Arab Republic

Pakistan

0% 2% 4% 6%

Yemen

Djibouti

Morocco

Egypt

Sudan

Syrian Arab Republic

Pakistan

Total expenditure on health

Government expenditure on health

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General government expenditure on health %

GGE

General government expenditure on health %

GDP

1%27%72%

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182 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

Australia

Brunei Darussalam

Cambodia

China

Cook Islands

Fiji

Japan

Kiribati

Lao People’s Democratic Republic

Malaysia

Marshall Islands

Micronesia (Federated States of)

Mongolia

Nauru

New Zealand

Niue

Palau

Papua New Guinea

Philippines

Republic of Korea

Samoa

Singapore

Solomon Islands

Tonga

Tuvalu

Vanuatu

Viet Nam

WHO Western Pacific Region

Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2010 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Australia, 2012

Australia spentDomestic funding

141 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $6,140 per capita Spending by households

- 19% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Australia: • Australia:

$67,241/capita 82 years 2012 average of hi WPR income countries

• WPR hi income countries:$43,291/capita

• WPR hi income countries: 81 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Australia: 8 per

100,000 live births

• WPR hi income countries:13 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the

region

Among hi WPR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((34%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((18%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((6%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

1995 2000 2005 2010

$719

$3,118

$4,078

$976

$3,529

$5,274

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

20%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Australia

Japan

New Zealand

Brunei Darussalam

Republic of Korea

Singapore

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Australia

New Zealand

Japan

Republic of Korea

Singapore

Brunei Darussalam

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

Australia

New Zealand

Japan

Republic of Korea

Brunei Darussalam

Singapore

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

15%67%19%

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Brunei Darussalam, 2012

Brunei Darussalam spent Domestic funding

387 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $939 per capita Spending by households

- 8% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Brunei Darussalam: • Brunei Darussalam:

$41,126/capita 77 years 2012 average of hi WPR income countries

• WPR hi income countries:$43,291/capita

• WPR hi income countries: 81 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Brunei Darussalam: 21 per

100,000 live births

• WPR hi income countries:13 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the

region

Among hi WPR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((35%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((6%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

1995 2000 2005 2010

$719

$3,118

$4,078

$58

$657$716

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Brunei Darussalam

Japan

New Zealand

Australia

Republic of Korea

Singapore

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Brunei Darussalam

New Zealand

Japan

Australia

Republic of Korea

Singapore

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

Brunei Darussalam

New Zealand

Japan

Australia

Republic of Korea

Singapore

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

0%92%8%

Countries in WHO Western Pacific Region

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Cambodia, 2012

Cambodia spentDomestic funding

763 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $51 per capita Spending by households

- 62% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Cambodia: • Cambodia:

$946/capita 61 years 2012 average of low WPR income countries

• WPR low income countries: $946/capita

• WPR low income countries: 61 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Cambodia: 290 per

100,000 live births

• WPR low income countries: 290 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the

region

Among low WPR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((20%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((7%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((1%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

1995 2000 2005 2010

$32

$13

$51

$29

$12

$47

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

20%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

15%85%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Cambodia

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40%

Cambodia

0% 2% 4% 6% 8%10%12%14%16%18%20%

Cambodia

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

14%25%62%

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: China, 2012

China spentDomestic funding

445 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $322 per capita Spending by households

- 34% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• China: • China:

$5,941/capita 74 years 2012 average of up-mid WPR income countries

• WPR up-mid income countries: $6,032/capita

• WPR up-mid income countries: 69 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• China: 38 per

100,000 live births

• WPR up-mid income countries: 32 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the

region

Among up-mid WPR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((24%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((13%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((3%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

1995 2000 2005 2010

$111

$181

$324

$93

$151

$270

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

0%100%

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%110%120%130%140%

China

Niue

Tuvalu

Nauru

Marshall Islands

Palau

Malaysia

Tonga

Cook Islands

Fiji

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

China

Marshall Islands

Tuvalu

Palau

Tonga

Nauru

Cook Islands

Fiji

Malaysia

Niue

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%12%14%16%18%

China

Tuvalu

Marshall Islands

Palau

Niue

Nauru

Tonga

Cook Islands

Fiji

Malaysia

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

10%56%34%

Countries in WHO Western Pacific Region

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Cook Islands, 2012

Cook Islands spentDomestic funding

10 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $511 per capita Spending by households

- 9% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Cook Islands: • Cook Islands:

$14,913/capita 76 years 2012 average of up-mid WPR income countries

• WPR up-mid income countries: $6,032/capita

• WPR up-mid income countries: 69 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Cook Islands: 0 per

100,000 live births

• WPR up-mid income countries: 32 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the

region

Among up-mid WPR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((33%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((10%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((3%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

1995 2000 2005 2010

$111

$181

$324

$40

$406$445

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

5%

11%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

4%96%

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%110%120%130%140%

Cook Islands

Niue

Tuvalu

Nauru

Marshall Islands

Palau

Malaysia

Tonga

Fiji

China

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Cook Islands

Marshall Islands

Tuvalu

Palau

Tonga

China

Nauru

Fiji

Malaysia

Niue

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%12%14%16%18%

Cook Islands

Tuvalu

Marshall Islands

Palau

Niue

Nauru

Tonga

China

Fiji

Malaysia

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

91%9%

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188 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Fiji, 2012

Fiji spentDomestic funding

155 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $177 per capita Spending by households

- 23% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Fiji: • Fiji:

$4,438/capita 69 years 2012 average of up-mid WPR income countries

• WPR up-mid income countries: $6,032/capita

• WPR up-mid income countries: 69 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Fiji: 26 per

100,000 live births

• WPR up-mid income countries: 32 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the

region

Among up-mid WPR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((29%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((9%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((3%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

1995 2000 2005 2010

$111

$181

$324

$34

$98

$151

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%2%4%6%8%10%12%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

7%93%

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%110%120%130%140%

Fiji

Niue

Tuvalu

Nauru

Marshall Islands

Palau

Malaysia

Tonga

Cook Islands

China

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Fiji

Marshall Islands

Tuvalu

Palau

Tonga

China

Nauru

Cook Islands

Malaysia

Niue

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%12%14%16%18%

Fiji

Tuvalu

Marshall Islands

Palau

Niue

Nauru

Tonga

Cook Islands

China

Malaysia

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

13%65%23%

Countries in WHO Western Pacific Region

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Japan, 2012

Japan spentDomestic funding

601 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $4,752 per capita Spending by households

- 14% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Japan: • Japan:

$47,170/capita 83 years 2012 average of hi WPR income countries

• WPR hi income countries:$43,291/capita

• WPR hi income countries: 81 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Japan: 6 per

100,000 live births

• WPR hi income countries:13 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the

region

Among hi WPR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((43%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((19%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((8%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

5,000

1995 2000 2005 2010

$719

$3,118

$4,078

$626

$3,660

$4,437

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

20%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Japan

New Zealand

Brunei Darussalam

Australia

Republic of Korea

Singapore

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Japan

New Zealand

Australia

Republic of Korea

Singapore

Brunei Darussalam

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

Japan

New Zealand

Australia

Republic of Korea

Brunei Darussalam

Singapore

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

3%82%14%

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Kiribati, 2012

Kiribati spentDomestic funding

19 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $187 per capita Spending by households

- 0% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Kiribati: • Kiribati:

$1,743/capita 68 years 2012 average of low-mid WPR income countries

• WPR low-mid income countries: $2,095/capita

• WPR low-mid income countries: 69 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Kiribati: 0 per

100,000 live births

• WPR low-mid income countries: 191 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the

region

Among low-mid WPR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((86%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((10%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((9%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

50

100

150

200

250

1995 2000 2005 2010

$53$47

$111

$0

$140

$170

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

5%

11%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

6%94%

0% 10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

Kiribati

Micronesia (Federated States of)

Samoa

Mongolia

Solomon Islands

Papua New Guinea

Viet Nam

Lao People's Democratic Republic

Vanuatu

Philippines

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Kiribati

Solomon Islands

Micronesia (Federated States of)

Papua New Guinea

Vanuatu

Samoa

Philippines

Viet Nam

Mongolia

Lao People's Democratic Republic

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14%

Kiribati

Micronesia (Federated States of)

Solomon Islands

Samoa

Papua New Guinea

Mongolia

Vanuatu

Viet Nam

Philippines

Lao People's Democratic Republic

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

17%83%0%

Countries in WHO Western Pacific Region

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Lao People's Democratic Republic, 2012

Lao People's Democratic Republic spent Domestic funding

267 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $40 per capita Spending by households

- 38% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Lao People's Democratic Republic:

• Lao People's Democratic Republic:

$1,395/capita 63 years 2012 average of low-mid WPR income countries

• WPR low-mid income countries: $2,095/capita

• WPR low-mid income countries: 69 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Lao People's Democratic Republic: 580 per

100,000 live births

• WPR low-mid income countries: 191 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the

region

Among low-mid WPR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((24%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((6%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((1%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

1995 2000 2005 2010

$53$47

$111

$14$19

$36

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

20%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

22%78%

0% 10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

Lao People's Democratic Republic

Kiribati

Micronesia (Federated States of)

Samoa

Mongolia

Solomon Islands

Papua New Guinea

Viet Nam

Vanuatu

Philippines

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Lao People's Democratic Republic

Solomon Islands

Micronesia (Federated States of)

Papua New Guinea

Vanuatu

Samoa

Philippines

Kiribati

Viet Nam

Mongolia

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14%

Lao People's Democratic Republic

Micronesia (Federated States of)

Kiribati

Solomon Islands

Samoa

Papua New Guinea

Mongolia

Vanuatu

Viet Nam

Philippines

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

11%51%38%

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192 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Malaysia, 2012

Malaysia spentDomestic funding

12 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $419 per capita Spending by households

- 35% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Malaysia: • Malaysia:

$10,381/capita 73 years 2012 average of up-mid WPR income countries

• WPR up-mid income countries: $6,032/capita

• WPR up-mid income countries: 69 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Malaysia: 31 per

100,000 live births

• WPR up-mid income countries: 32 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the

region

Among up-mid WPR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((39%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((6%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

1995 2000 2005 2010

$111

$181

$324

$132

$208

$378

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

0%100%

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%110%120%130%140%

Malaysia

Niue

Tuvalu

Nauru

Marshall Islands

Palau

Tonga

Cook Islands

Fiji

China

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Malaysia

Marshall Islands

Tuvalu

Palau

Tonga

China

Nauru

Cook Islands

Fiji

Niue

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%12%14%16%18%

Malaysia

Tuvalu

Marshall Islands

Palau

Niue

Nauru

Tonga

Cook Islands

China

Fiji

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

10%55%35%

Countries in WHO Western Pacific Region

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Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Marshall Islands, 2012

Marshall Islands spentDomestic funding

31 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $590 per capita Spending by households

- 13% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Marshall Islands: • Marshall Islands:

$3,773/capita 59 years 2012 average of up-mid WPR income countries

• WPR up-mid income countries: $6,032/capita

• WPR up-mid income countries: 69 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Marshall Islands: 0 per

100,000 live births

• WPR up-mid income countries: 32 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the

region

Among up-mid WPR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((53%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((24%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((13%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

1995 2000 2005 2010

$111

$181

$324

$72

$454

$550

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%5%10%15%20%25%30%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

36%64%

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%110%120%130%140%

Marshall Islands

Niue

Tuvalu

Nauru

Palau

Malaysia

Tonga

Cook Islands

Fiji

China

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Marshall Islands

Tuvalu

Palau

Tonga

China

Nauru

Cook Islands

Fiji

Malaysia

Niue

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%12%14%16%18%

Marshall Islands

Tuvalu

Palau

Niue

Nauru

Tonga

Cook Islands

China

Fiji

Malaysia

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

4%83%13%

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Micronesia (Federated States of), 2012

Micronesia (Federated States of) spent Domestic funding

42 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $405 per capita Spending by households

- 9% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Micronesia (Federated States of):

• Micronesia (Federated States of):

$3,164/capita 69 years 2012 average of low-mid WPR income countries

• WPR low-mid income countries: $2,095/capita

• WPR low-mid income countries: 69 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Micronesia (Federated States of): 0 per

100,000 live births

• WPR low-mid income countries: 191 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the

region

Among low-mid WPR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((64%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((18%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((12%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

1995 2000 2005 2010

$53$47

$111

$36

$340

$376

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

70%30%

0% 10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

Micronesia (Federated States of)

Kiribati

Samoa

Mongolia

Solomon Islands

Papua New Guinea

Viet Nam

Lao People's Democratic Republic

Vanuatu

Philippines

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Micronesia (Federated States of)

Solomon Islands

Papua New Guinea

Vanuatu

Samoa

Philippines

Kiribati

Viet Nam

Mongolia

Lao People's Democratic Republic

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14%

Micronesia (Federated States of)

Kiribati

Solomon Islands

Samoa

Papua New Guinea

Mongolia

Vanuatu

Viet Nam

Philippines

Lao People's Democratic Republic

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

0%90%9%

Countries in WHO Western Pacific Region

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Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Mongolia, 2012

Mongolia spentDomestic funding

649 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $232 per capita Spending by households

- 35% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Mongolia: • Mongolia:

$3,673/capita 69 years 2012 average of low-mid WPR income countries

• WPR low-mid income countries: $2,095/capita

• WPR low-mid income countries: 69 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Mongolia: 65 per

100,000 live births

• WPR low-mid income countries: 191 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the

region

Among low-mid WPR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((44%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((9%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((4%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

1995 2000 2005 2010

$53$47

$111

$64

$116

$185

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

5%

11%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

4%96%

0% 10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

Mongolia

Kiribati

Micronesia (Federated States of)

Samoa

Solomon Islands

Papua New Guinea

Viet Nam

Lao People's Democratic Republic

Vanuatu

Philippines

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Mongolia

Solomon Islands

Micronesia (Federated States of)

Papua New Guinea

Vanuatu

Samoa

Philippines

Kiribati

Viet Nam

Lao People's Democratic Republic

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14%

Mongolia

Micronesia (Federated States of)

Kiribati

Solomon Islands

Samoa

Papua New Guinea

Vanuatu

Viet Nam

Philippines

Lao People's Democratic Republic

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

3%63%35%

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196 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Nauru, 2012

Nauru spentDomestic funding

6 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $564 per capita Spending by households

- 7% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Nauru: • Nauru:

$7,532/capita 60 years 2012 average of up-mid WPR income countries

• WPR up-mid income countries: $6,032/capita

• WPR up-mid income countries: 69 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Nauru: 0 per

100,000 live births

• WPR up-mid income countries: 32 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the

region

Among up-mid WPR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((57%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((11%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((7%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

1995 2000 2005 2010

$111

$181

$324

$27

$315$361

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%5%10%15%20%25%30%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

48%52%

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%110%120%130%140%

Nauru

Niue

Tuvalu

Marshall Islands

Palau

Malaysia

Tonga

Cook Islands

Fiji

China

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Nauru

Marshall Islands

Tuvalu

Palau

Tonga

China

Cook Islands

Fiji

Malaysia

Niue

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%12%14%16%18%

Nauru

Tuvalu

Marshall Islands

Palau

Niue

Tonga

Cook Islands

China

Fiji

Malaysia

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

5%87%7%

Countries in WHO Western Pacific Region

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: New Zealand, 2012

New Zealand spentDomestic funding

15 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $3,292 per capita Spending by households

- 11% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• New Zealand: • New Zealand:

$32,016/capita 81 years 2012 average of hi WPR income countries

• WPR hi income countries:$43,291/capita

• WPR hi income countries: 81 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• New Zealand: 14 per

100,000 live births

• WPR hi income countries:13 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the

region

Among hi WPR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((42%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((20%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((9%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

1995 2000 2005 2010

$719

$3,118

$4,078

$367

$2,778

$3,359

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

New Zealand

Japan

Brunei Darussalam

Australia

Republic of Korea

Singapore

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

New Zealand

Japan

Australia

Republic of Korea

Singapore

Brunei Darussalam

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

New Zealand

Japan

Australia

Republic of Korea

Brunei Darussalam

Singapore

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

6%83%11%

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Niue, 2012

Niue spentDomestic funding

2 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $1,270 per capita Spending by households

- 2% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Niue: • Niue:

$18,992/capita 72 years 2012 average of up-mid WPR income countries

• WPR up-mid income countries: $6,032/capita

• WPR up-mid income countries: 69 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Niue: 0 per

100,000 live births

• WPR up-mid income countries: 32 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the

region

Among up-mid WPR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((133%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((5%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((7%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

1995 2000 2005 2010

$111$181$324$0$0$0

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

62%38%

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%110%120%130%140%

Niue

Tuvalu

Nauru

Marshall Islands

Palau

Malaysia

Tonga

Cook Islands

Fiji

China

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Niue

Marshall Islands

Tuvalu

Palau

Tonga

China

Nauru

Cook Islands

Fiji

Malaysia

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%12%14%16%18%

Niue

Tuvalu

Marshall Islands

Palau

Nauru

Tonga

Cook Islands

China

Fiji

Malaysia

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

98%2%

Countries in WHO Western Pacific Region

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Palau, 2012

Palau spentDomestic funding

20 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $972 per capita Spending by households

- 11% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Palau: • Palau:

$10,273/capita 72 years 2012 average of up-mid WPR income countries

• WPR up-mid income countries: $6,032/capita

• WPR up-mid income countries: 69 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Palau: 0 per

100,000 live births

• WPR up-mid income countries: 32 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the

region

Among up-mid WPR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((44%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((16%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((7%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

1,600

1,800

1995 2000 2005 2010

$111$181

$324

$99

$722

$937

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

20%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

35%65%

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%110%120%130%140%

Palau

Niue

Tuvalu

Nauru

Marshall Islands

Malaysia

Tonga

Cook Islands

Fiji

China

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Palau

Marshall Islands

Tuvalu

Tonga

China

Nauru

Cook Islands

Fiji

Malaysia

Niue

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%12%14%16%18%

Palau

Tuvalu

Marshall Islands

Niue

Nauru

Tonga

Cook Islands

China

Fiji

Malaysia

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

12%77%11%

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Countries in WHO Western Pacific Region

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Papua New Guinea, 2012

Papua New Guinea spent Domestic funding

814 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $114 per capita Spending by households

- 9% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Papua New Guinea: • Papua New Guinea:

$2,184/capita 63 years 2012 average of low-mid WPR income countries

• WPR low-mid income countries: $2,095/capita

• WPR low-mid income countries: 69 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Papua New Guinea: 250 per

100,000 live births

• WPR low-mid income countries: 191 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the

region

Among low-mid WPR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((31%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((14%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((4%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

1995 2000 2005 2010

$53$47

$111

$8

$67

$81

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

22%78%

0% 10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

Papua New Guinea

Kiribati

Micronesia (Federated States of)

Samoa

Mongolia

Solomon Islands

Viet Nam

Lao People's Democratic Republic

Vanuatu

Philippines

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Papua New Guinea

Solomon Islands

Micronesia (Federated States of)

Vanuatu

Samoa

Philippines

Kiribati

Viet Nam

Mongolia

Lao People's Democratic Republic

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14%

Papua New Guinea

Micronesia (Federated States of)

Kiribati

Solomon Islands

Samoa

Mongolia

Vanuatu

Viet Nam

Philippines

Lao People's Democratic Republic

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

7%83%9%

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Philippines, 2012

Philippines spentDomestic funding

11 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $119 per capita Spending by households

- 52% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Philippines: • Philippines:

$2,588/capita 70 years 2012 average of low-mid WPR income countries

• WPR low-mid income countries: $2,095/capita

• WPR low-mid income countries: 69 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Philippines: 94 per

100,000 live births

• WPR low-mid income countries: 191 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the

region

Among low-mid WPR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((17%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((10%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

1995 2000 2005 2010

$53$47

$111

$55

$40

$105

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%2%4%6%8%10%12%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

2%98%

0% 10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

Philippines

Kiribati

Micronesia (Federated States of)

Samoa

Mongolia

Solomon Islands

Papua New Guinea

Viet Nam

Lao People's Democratic Republic

Vanuatu

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Philippines

Solomon Islands

Micronesia (Federated States of)

Papua New Guinea

Vanuatu

Samoa

Kiribati

Viet Nam

Mongolia

Lao People's Democratic Republic

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14%

Philippines

Micronesia (Federated States of)

Kiribati

Solomon Islands

Samoa

Papua New Guinea

Mongolia

Vanuatu

Viet Nam

Lao People's Democratic Republic

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

10%38%52%

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202 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Republic of Korea, 2012

Republic of Korea spent Domestic funding

85 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $1,703 per capita Spending by households

- 36% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Republic of Korea: • Republic of Korea:

$22,590/capita 80 years 2012 average of hi WPR income countries

• WPR hi income countries:$43,291/capita

• WPR hi income countries: 81 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Republic of Korea: 18 per

100,000 live births

• WPR hi income countries:13 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the

region

Among hi WPR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((30%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((14%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((4%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

1995 2000 2005 2010

$719

$3,118

$4,078

$583$881

$1,618

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

5%

11%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Republic of Korea

Japan

New Zealand

Brunei Darussalam

Australia

Singapore

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Republic of Korea

New Zealand

Japan

Australia

Singapore

Brunei Darussalam

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

Republic of Korea

New Zealand

Japan

Australia

Brunei Darussalam

Singapore

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

10%54%36%

Countries in WHO Western Pacific Region

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Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Samoa, 2012

Samoa spentDomestic funding

46 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $245 per capita Spending by households

- 7% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Samoa: • Samoa:

$3,598/capita 70 years 2012 average of low-mid WPR income countries

• WPR low-mid income countries: $2,095/capita

• WPR low-mid income countries: 69 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Samoa: 0 per

100,000 live births

• WPR low-mid income countries: 191 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the

region

Among low-mid WPR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((45%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((13%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((6%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

50

100

150

200

250

1995 2000 2005 2010

$53$47

$111

$16

$192

$218

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

20%80%

0% 10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

Samoa

Kiribati

Micronesia (Federated States of)

Mongolia

Solomon Islands

Papua New Guinea

Viet Nam

Lao People's Democratic Republic

Vanuatu

Philippines

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Samoa

Solomon Islands

Micronesia (Federated States of)

Papua New Guinea

Vanuatu

Philippines

Kiribati

Viet Nam

Mongolia

Lao People's Democratic Republic

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14%

Samoa

Micronesia (Federated States of)

Kiribati

Solomon Islands

Papua New Guinea

Mongolia

Vanuatu

Viet Nam

Philippines

Lao People's Democratic Republic

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

4%88%7%

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204 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Singapore, 2012

Singapore spentDomestic funding

13 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $2,426 per capita Spending by households

- 59% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Singapore: • Singapore:

$52,141/capita 82 years 2012 average of hi WPR income countries

• WPR hi income countries:$43,291/capita

• WPR hi income countries: 81 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Singapore: 9 per

100,000 live births

• WPR hi income countries:13 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the

region

Among hi WPR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((15%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((11%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((2%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

1995 2000 2005 2010

$719

$3,118

$4,078

$1,269

$814

$2,166

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%2%4%6%8%10%12%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

100%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Singapore

Japan

New Zealand

Brunei Darussalam

Australia

Republic of Korea

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Singapore

New Zealand

Japan

Australia

Republic of Korea

Brunei Darussalam

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

Singapore

New Zealand

Japan

Australia

Republic of Korea

Brunei Darussalam

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

4%38%59%

Countries in WHO Western Pacific Region

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Foreword Factsheet Policy highlights Health expenditures and universal coverage Country profile by region 2012 World Health Statistics 2012 tables Technical documentation

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Solomon Islands, 2012

Solomon Islands spentDomestic funding

81 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $148 per capita Spending by households

- 2% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Solomon Islands: • Solomon Islands:

$1,835/capita 71 years 2012 average of low-mid WPR income countries

• WPR low-mid income countries: $2,095/capita

• WPR low-mid income countries: 69 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Solomon Islands: 100 per

100,000 live births

• WPR low-mid income countries: 191 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the

region

Among low-mid WPR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((39%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((20%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((8%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

1995 2000 2005 2010

$53$47

$111

$2

$108$112

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

52%48%

0% 10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

Solomon Islands

Kiribati

Micronesia (Federated States of)

Samoa

Mongolia

Papua New Guinea

Viet Nam

Lao People's Democratic Republic

Vanuatu

Philippines

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Solomon Islands

Micronesia (Federated States of)

Papua New Guinea

Vanuatu

Samoa

Philippines

Kiribati

Viet Nam

Mongolia

Lao People's Democratic Republic

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14%

Solomon Islands

Micronesia (Federated States of)

Kiribati

Samoa

Papua New Guinea

Mongolia

Vanuatu

Viet Nam

Philippines

Lao People's Democratic Republic

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

2%96%2%

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206 WHO Global Health Expenditure Atlas

HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Tonga, 2012

Tonga spentDomestic funding

25 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $238 per capita Spending by households

- 11% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Tonga: • Tonga:

$4,430/capita 71 years 2012 average of up-mid WPR income countries

• WPR up-mid income countries: $6,032/capita

• WPR up-mid income countries: 69 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Tonga: 0 per

100,000 live births

• WPR up-mid income countries: 32 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the

region

Among up-mid WPR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((35%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((13%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((5%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

1995 2000 2005 2010

$111

$181

$324

$22

$170

$202

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%5%10%15%20%25%30%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

19%81%

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%110%120%130%140%

Tonga

Niue

Tuvalu

Nauru

Marshall Islands

Palau

Malaysia

Cook Islands

Fiji

China

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Tonga

Marshall Islands

Tuvalu

Palau

China

Nauru

Cook Islands

Fiji

Malaysia

Niue

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%12%14%16%18%

Tonga

Tuvalu

Marshall Islands

Palau

Niue

Nauru

Cook Islands

China

Fiji

Malaysia

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

5%84%11%

Countries in WHO Western Pacific Region

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Tuvalu, 2012

Tuvalu spentDomestic funding

6 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $577 per capita Spending by households

- 0% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Tuvalu: • Tuvalu:

$3,740/capita 64 years 2012 average of up-mid WPR income countries

• WPR up-mid income countries: $6,032/capita

• WPR up-mid income countries: 69 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Tuvalu: 0 per

100,000 live births

• WPR up-mid income countries: 32 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the

region

Among up-mid WPR countries:

Total government expenditure is high as a % of GDP ((86%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is high ((18%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is high ((15%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

1995 2000 2005 2010

$111

$181

$324

$1

$510$510

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

12%88%

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%110%120%130%140%

Tuvalu

Niue

Nauru

Marshall Islands

Palau

Malaysia

Tonga

Cook Islands

Fiji

China

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Tuvalu

Marshall Islands

Palau

Tonga

China

Nauru

Cook Islands

Fiji

Malaysia

Niue

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%12%14%16%18%

Tuvalu

Marshall Islands

Palau

Niue

Nauru

Tonga

Cook Islands

China

Fiji

Malaysia

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

100%0%

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Vanuatu, 2012

Vanuatu spentDomestic funding

29 million US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $116 per capita Spending by households

- 8% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Vanuatu: • Vanuatu:

$3,183/capita 71 years 2012 average of low-mid WPR income countries

• WPR low-mid income countries: $2,095/capita

• WPR low-mid income countries: 69 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Vanuatu: 0 per

100,000 live births

• WPR low-mid income countries: 191 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the

region

Among low-mid WPR countries:

Total government expenditure is low as a % of GDP ((23%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is in the median range ((14%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is in the medain range ((3%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

1995 2000 2005 2010

$53$47

$111

$8

$92

$107

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%

4%

8%

12%

16%

20%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

29%71%

0% 10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

Vanuatu

Kiribati

Micronesia (Federated States of)

Samoa

Mongolia

Solomon Islands

Papua New Guinea

Viet Nam

Lao People's Democratic Republic

Philippines

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Vanuatu

Solomon Islands

Micronesia (Federated States of)

Papua New Guinea

Samoa

Philippines

Kiribati

Viet Nam

Mongolia

Lao People's Democratic Republic

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14%

Vanuatu

Micronesia (Federated States of)

Kiribati

Solomon Islands

Samoa

Papua New Guinea

Mongolia

Viet Nam

Philippines

Lao People's Democratic Republic

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

6%87%8%

Countries in WHO Western Pacific Region

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HEALTH SYSTEM FINANCING COUNTRY PROFILE: Viet Nam, 2012

Viet Nam spentDomestic funding

9.3 billion US$ Funding from abroad

on health care:

- $102 per capita Spending by households

- 49% spent by households

Expenditure by government

Other

• Viet Nam: • Viet Nam:

$1,560/capita 72 years 2012 average of low-mid WPR income countries

• WPR low-mid income countries: $2,095/capita

• WPR low-mid income countries: 69 years

GDP per capita Life expectancy

2009 data

• Viet Nam: 56 per

100,000 live births

• WPR low-mid income countries: 191 per 100,000 live births

Maternalmortality rate

2008 data

Government resources allocated to health

Government’s health spending as compared to other countries of the

region

Among low-mid WPR countries:

Total government expenditure is in the median range as a % of GDP ((30%))

Share of government spending allocated to health is low ((9%))

Government expenditure on health as a % of GDP is low ((3%))

Source : global health expenditure database

Footnote: For Glossary of Terms : visit the Documentation Center on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/. When the number is smaller than 0.05% the percentage may appear as zero. For per capita expenditure indicators, when the value is less than 0.5 it is represented as <1. In countries where the fiscal year begins in July, expenditure data have been allocated to the later calendar year (for example, 2000 data will cover the fiscal year 1999–2000). Care needs to be taken in interpreting external resource figures. Most are taken from the OECD DAC/CRS database except where a reliable full national health account study has been done. They are disbursements to recipient countries as reported by donors, lagged one year to account for the delay between disbursement and expenditure. Before 2002, disbursement data is not available and commitments are used. (latest updates are available on GHED http://who.int/nha/database/).

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

1995 2000 2005 2010

$53$47

$111

$42$36

$86

Per capita expenditure in US$ (constant 2012 US$)

0%2%4%6%8%10%12%

1995 2000 2005 2010

% of all government resources going to health % of domestic government resources going to health

2%98%

0% 10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

Viet Nam

Kiribati

Micronesia (Federated States of)

Samoa

Mongolia

Solomon Islands

Papua New Guinea

Lao People's Democratic Republic

Vanuatu

Philippines

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Viet Nam

Solomon Islands

Micronesia (Federated States of)

Papua New Guinea

Vanuatu

Samoa

Philippines

Kiribati

Mongolia

Lao People's Democratic Republic

0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14%

Viet Nam

Micronesia (Federated States of)

Kiribati

Solomon Islands

Samoa

Papua New Guinea

Mongolia

Vanuatu

Philippines

Lao People's Democratic Republic

Total ex pendi tur e on heal thGov er nment ex pendi tur e on heal th

Households out of pocket spending on health

General government expenditure (GGE) % GDP

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GGE

General gov ernment expendi ture on heal th %

GDP

9%43%49%

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World Health Statistics 2012 tables

World Health Statistics 2012 tables present data on government, private, external, social security and out-of-pocket expenditures on health. These data are generated from information that has been collected by WHO since 1999. The most comprehensive and consistent data on health financing are generated from national health accounts (NHAs) that collect expenditure information within an internationally recognized framework. NHAs trace financing as it flows from funding sources to decision-makers (who decide upon the use of the funds) and then to the providers and beneficiaries of health services. Not all countries maintain or update NHAs – in such cases, data are obtained through technical contacts in the country or from publicly available documents and reports. Missing values are estimated using various accounting techniques depending upon the data available for each country.32 WHO sends all such estimates to the respective ministries of health every year for validation.

32. To obtain the latest updates, a full series or more-disaggregated health expenditures including metadata and sources, please see: http://www.who.int/nha/

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Technical documentation

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Department of Health Systems FinancingHealth Systems ServicesWorl Health Organization

ISBN 978 92 4 150444 7