white paper doc - usat.io fileSeveral technologies have already been acquired by USAT Inc. and are...

SOLAR-WIND FARM PRODUCT OVERVIEW

United Scientist Association of Technology Inc.

Issued: 01/08/2018 Copyright 2018 © USAT Inc. All Rights Reserved

https://youtu.be/QvOrnaSs_IQ


TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABOUT USAT INC. 3 MISSION 3 VALUES 3 PRODUCT HIGHLIGHTS 4 OPPORTUNITY OVERVIEW 5 INDUSTRY OVERVIEW 6 EMERGING MARKET OPPORTUNITY 7 PRODUCT SNAPSHOT 8 BUILD CHARACTERISTICS 10 OPERATIONAL INFORMATION 12 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND COST OF ELECTRICITY 14 COMPETITORS 15 ENERGY PRODUCT COMPARISON 16 COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS 19 BECOMING A CUSTOMER 20 TEAM 21 CONTACT US 22 LINKS 23


Integrity Innovation Decentralisation Knowledge Sharing

ABOUT USAT INC.

We are innovators with an entrepreneurial mindset, focused on positive impact and high ROI for customers.

Founded in 2017, the United Scientists Association of Technology Inc. is an Australian

organisation that uses blockchain-enabled technology to store, fund, develop, and

commercialise intellectual property. USAT Inc. was created by members of the esteemed

scientific association AIHEM as a response to the difficulties faced by innovators and

inventors in getting their ideas on the ground. We support innovative and ethical

projects with high market potential, guiding projects through the entire development

process to ensure they successfully enter and exit the market.

Several technologies have already been acquired by USAT Inc. and are at various stages

of commercialisation. Furthest along is USAT Inc.’s flagship project, solar-wind

technology: an efficient and affordable renewable energy system, which is currently

protected by three separate patents. This technology has proven to be cheaper and more

reliable than its market competitors and as such, will enter the market as a superior

alternative to large commercial and industrial size renewable energy systems. Several

customers from a vast array of industries and locations around the globe have initiated

the deployment of this technology. The other technologies currently owned by USAT Inc.

will also be entered into emerging markets. The priority order for commercialisation is

determined by each technology's disruptive and ethical attributes.

MISSION

To establish a secure, decentralised network for the development and commercialisation

of technologies that will benefit humanity and the planet.

VALUES


PRODUCT HIGHLIGHTS

PRODUCT NAME Solar-Wind farm

PRODUCT TYPE Industrial to utility scale energy production

AVERAGE COST OF ENERGY PRODUCTION 1 $20.00 USD per MW/hour

DEPLOYMENT COST 2 $600,000 - $700,000 USD per MW

LAND REQUIREMENT 2 12,000 – 45,000 m2 per MW

COMPONENT SIZE 2 9m - 30m long independent sections (1kW each)

MODULE DIMENSIONS 2m x 1.4m inter-connectable modules

CURRENT PRODUCED Standard AC

IMPACT ON GROUND ON BUILD LOCATION Minimal

WEATHER RESILIENCE High

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT Beneficial

CARBON FOOTPRINT 3 Zero

CONSTRUCTION TIMEFRAME 4 1 - 2 months per MW

ADDITIONAL FEATURES 5 Water desalination and waste heat recuperation

1 – USD $20 is the approximate maintenance cost. Estimated amortisation is not included. 2 – Dependent on size, design and materials used. Extras such as recuperation of waste heat and desalination of water are not included. 3 – The carbon footprint of the system can be reduced to a zero-footprint feature if the recycled building materials option is utilised. 4 – This is calculated for the basic system configuration of 10 to 20 workers per site. 5 – These features are optional and can be installed by request.


OPPORTUNITY OVERVIEW

The modern world depends entirely on reliable access to energy to function. Imagine the instability of a world with an uncertain energy supply, and the external and internal strife that would- and does -cause. The demand for energy is ever-increasing, too, with the EIA projecting a 28% increase in the world’s use of power by 2040.

This means nations must secure more sources of energy, but from where? Fossil fuels, though convenient, are finite and already greatly diminished. They are also becoming increasingly expensive as the difficulty of reaching smaller and smaller deposits grows. Add to this the dangerous environmental impact of extracting and burning fossil fuels and it’s clear that alternatives are required.

The problem The problem is finding a source of energy that is not prohibitively expensive, damaging to the environment, or excessively unreliable. For most alternatives, it seems two out of three is the best that can be hoped for. Nuclear is reliable, but has enormously expensive set-up and maintenance costs, as well as having a serious long-term environmental issue of what to do with the waste. Bio fuels are costly and take up agricultural land in many cases, but are reliable. Solar panels, whilst highly innovative, are reliant on the right weather conditions to function and also can have a significant environmental impact due to the materials that go into their construction. And so on.

The solution So, what is the solution? USAT Inc.’s mission is to help the world through ethical and novel technologies: as world energy security has never been a more pressing issue, members of USAT Inc.’s scientific partner organisation, the Australian Institute of High Energetic Materials (AIHEM) have actually been giving this question a lot of thought over the last decade.

The ideal energy source would satisfy all the core criteria of being affordable, reliable, and environmentally friendly. Drawing inspiration from the some of the most basic natural processes on the planet, the team from AIHEM developed solar-wind technology.

How is this technology different? The key to the technology is how simple it is: comparative to other energy systems it costs very little to build (under $700K USD per MW) and maintain (approx. $20 USD per MWh), can be scaled to fit any energy needs, can be easily built from entirely recycled materials, and can be built almost anywhere (land with a 15 to 27 degree slope is ideal, however). This makes the technology accessible to not just developed nations but developing nations (which happen to also be the places with the greatest growth in demand for energy). The result? Solar-wind is cheaper than any other energy system on the market, renewable or otherwise (see ‘Product Snapshot’ for details).

In addition to this ultra-affordability, solar-wind is also reliable. Unlike solar panels, solar-wind can store heat long into the night, allowing it to operate even when its dark. The fact that it uses heat, rather than light, means it can operate at a high level even on cloudy day or be fitted to use the ‘waste heat’ from industry.

It’s cleaner than all renewable tech on the market! Perhaps most importantly, given the high stakes of climate change and the current state of the environment, solar-wind is completely green. It uses recycled materials, does not harm the land, emits no chemicals or gasses, and does not disturb wildlife. In fact, the only by-product is clean water.

The future Solar-wind technology will play a key role in future of the world’s energy security, being the only currently available technology that is reliable, affordable, accessible, and good for the environment. As the stability and happiness of a country becomes increasingly tied to its capacity to supply adequate and reliable energy to its citizens, the demand for a technology that answers all core needs will only increase.


INDUSTRY OVERVIEW

As mentioned earlier in this document, the global demand for

energy is projected to grow by 28% by 2040. The bulk of this growth will come from non-OCED Asian countries, China and India in particular. In fact, they will account for approximately 60% of the growth.

Shift towards renewables

China, one of the world's largest economies, is seeking to source 50-70% of its energy needs from oil, natural gas, and renewables by 2050. Green technology is a high priority for China, with air quality problems being a persistent concern for the nation, among other environmental issues. The bulk of their renewables are currently being sourced from solar panels and wind farms, but both of these technologies have flaws (low reliability, end-of-life environmental pollutants, etc.) that will force China to look elsewhere for its energy solution.

The emerging market

The key message to take from this data is that renewable energy sector is an emerging market with huge growth potential. In fact, the EIA has identified renewables as the fastest growing energy sector, with a projected global increase in consumption of 2.3% every year. In terms of revenue, the global renewable energy market (excluding biofuels) reached USD $432.7 billion in 2013 and $476.3 billion in 2014. This figure is expected to increase to a staggering $777.6 billion in 2019, with a compound annual growth rate of 10.3% from 2014 to 2019.

Economies of scale

Large economies, like China, are the biggest drivers of this explosive growth and also heavily influence the markets of other nations with their own economic trends. China’s large-scale investment in green technologies is rapidly propelling these sectors forward. Meanwhile, fossil fuels (and coal in particular), are stagnating: the increased cost of acquiring these fuels and their negative environmental impact have made coal the least attractive energy option for many nations.

Small economies

Even in smaller economies, the shift is towards renewables. In Australia, AUD $11,190 million was put into renewable energy projects in 2018 alone. This is reflective of Australia’s energy goals, with the nation currently on track to reach its target of sourcing 33% of its power from renewables by 2020 and potentially exceeding 40% by 2030.

Sustainability

Sustainability is the bottom line: around the world, the market is shifting to fit into this new paradigm and reach environmental and energy goals. The already large renewable energy market is going to rapidly grow to meet the huge demand, making this the perfect time to enter with a product that answers all of its needs: solar-wind technology.

PARIS CLIMATE CHANGE PLEDGE TRACKER

Country Summary of the I/NDC % of 2012 GHG

China 20% of energy from low-carbon sources by 2030, cut emissions per unit of GDP by 60-65% by 2030

23.75

USA The US plans to withdraw from pledge to reduce domestic greenhouse gases by 26-28% by 2025.

12.10

EU At least a 40% domestic reduction in greenhouse gases by 2030 compared to 1990 levels

8.97

India 33-35% reduction in emissions and 40% of electricity installed capacity from renewable resources by 2030

5.73

Brazil 37% reduction in emissions by 2025, 43% reduction in emissions by 2030

5.70

Russia 25-30% reduction in greenhouse gases by 2030 5.35

Japan 26% reduction in emissions by 2030 2.82

Canada 30% decrease in greenhouse emissions by 2030 1.96

Congo 17% reduction by 2030, pending international support

1.53

Indonesia 29-49% reduction in emissions by 2030 1.49

Australia 26-28% reduction in emissions by 2030 1.45

Source: carbonbrief.org

THE COMMON ISSUES

With 87.6% of countries covered by the I/NDC there is a global move towards very optimistic clean energy targets. The issue which all these counties face is the lack of cheap and truly clean. renewable energy products that can facilitate this shift towards a reduction in carbon emissions.

Issue 1: high cost of renewables

With the current technologies, energy prices rise when the percentage of renewables is increased. This causes disenchantment amongst the public and a backlash against the use of renewables. The solution? A cheap renewable energy product that will reduce the cost of energy and thus can compete against non-renewables.

Issue 2: Renewable energy systems are not really clean

The problem with many current renewable energy technologies is that they are not as clean as one might think. Technologies such as PV solar panels actually require a significant amount of energy (which typically comes from non-renewables) to be produced and toxic components go into their construction, which is damaging to the environment. As a result, they do not reduce the environmental impact of energy production, in so as much as shift the problem elsewhere. The areas where these types of products are produced and disposed of bear the brunt of the negative environmental impact. It is a case of the first world mortgaging the health of the third world for its own benefit... but the idea of that temporary benefit crumbles when you remember that we all share the one, interconnected earth.


PRODUCT SNAPSHOT

What is Solar-Wind technology?

Solar-wind technology produces clean, sustainable, and affordable renewable energy. The simple and flexible design makes it robust and gives it many applications, whilst its ultra-low cost makes it highly accessible.

In fact, solar-wind technology produces the cheapest energy on the market, with no exceptions. On top of this, it's the quickest to build, easiest to maintain, has a reverse carbon footprint, leaves no impact on the land that it was built on… and its only by-product is clean water. That's the beauty of solar-wind technology

Design

The simple and robust design means the Solar-wind farm is easy to scale to meet any energy requirements. It consists of a series of clear tubes connected together, built along a slight slope. Inside each tube is a flat, horizontal plate that helps to absorb the sun’s heat and beneath this are tubes of water, which help to trap heat and store it for use after the sun has set. At the top end of the tube, there is a turbine. As hot air rises, the warmed air in the tube has to pass the turbine to leave the tube, which turns it and generates power

This simple structure gives the technology several advantages. For example:

• It can be built out of entirely recycled materials, making itcarbon-neutral

• It has a low-stress structure with few moving parts,resulting in extremely low maintenance requirements

• The modular design means it can be easily scaled to suitany power requirements without requiring a custom build

• The technology can be adapted to use the waste-heat fromindustry to generate power.

• Because all it needs is heat and air to work, it can be builtpractically anywhere there’s space, regardless of thecondition of the land. If there is a slope to build on, thisreduces costs even further, as it can use the slope for itselevation instead of building a support structure

• It’s very safe. As the technology doesn’t use chemicals,require water, burn fuel or anything similar, it’s not adangerous installation.

• It’s low impact. Aside from posts for its foundations, thetechnology doesn’t disrupt the environment it’s built in.

COMPARISON OF LEVELISED COST OF ENERGY

* This estimate does not include the cost of land, licensing fees, or capitalgains.** Figures adapted from: Energy Innovation: Policy and Technology

LLC, Comparing the costs of renewable and conventional energy source, February 7,2015. Online retrieved on 1 December 2017. WebAddress: http://energyinnovation.org/2015/02/07/levelized-cost-of-energy/

A beneficial by-product of the design is that it collects water in the form of condensation. This water can then be used for agriculture or land rehabilitation.

Cost breakdown

Solar-wind farms can produce power for less than USD $0.03 per kWh. This makes them significantly cheaper than all other sources of power on the market. Though power production varies depending on the conditions of the location and the model of solar-wind farm being used, approximately 45m is needed per kilowatt of power required (the high efficiency versions take up much less space, using as little as 12m per kW, though USAT Inc. is currently experimenting with a 9m version).

The low cost is due to several factors, but primarily the extremely low construction and maintenance costs, combined with the fact that the technology does not require a fuel component to work.

Energy Type Cost (USD Per

MWh)

Solar-wind Farm Technology 20

Onshore Wind Farm 59

Gas Combined Cycle Plant 74

Utility-Scale Solar Photovoltaic Plant 79

Coal Plant 109

Nuclear Plant 113

Geothermal 116

Solar Thermal 124

Solar Photovoltaic Rooftop Residential 158

Diesel Generator 316

http://energyinnovation.org/2015/02/07/levelized-cost-of-energy/

http://energyinnovation.org/2015/02/07/levelized-cost-of-energy/


Applications

The solar-wind farm’s design allows it produce power even after the sun has set, making it a very reliable source of power. Additionally, the flexibility of its design means it can be adapted to use the waste-heat generated by factories and industry, and so convert this into power to offset the operation’s expenses and energy needs.

For energy-intensive operations such as cryptocurrency mining, this makes the technology not only an environmentally-conscious choice, but offers an affordable, off-the-grid option.

As the technology requires nothing but a source of heat to operate, it can be built to suit a wide range of environmental conditions and space limits and still provide reliable power for industrial, urban, or agricultural use.

Humanitarian mission

For remote areas or countries with unstable infrastructure, solar-wind technology can provide reliable, clean energy to people in need. Unlike solar panels, solar-wind farms are extremely cheap to maintain and require no special technical skills to repair. They’re long lasting and hard-wearing, making them ideal for places which have low access to specialist tools and training.

The simple design of the technology means that just about anyone can build them, which means they can be built largely using local labour, thus creating jobs within the communities the technology is built in.

The USAT Inc. team believes that solar-wind technology has enormous potential to make a positive impact on the world: from helping remote communities, to making industry cleaner and more efficient, to providing cities with affordable and sustainable energy. Providing access to clean, sustainable, and affordable energy is more important than ever in today’s world.

IP information

Patents:

2017101410 - Recuperation of waste heat to co-generate electricity in solar-wind farms

2017100315 - A multi-layered structural material for conversion of solar radiation to kinetic energy of fluids

Funding and development by USAT Inc. completed: 2018

Status

Open to buyers.


BUILD CHARACTERISTICS

Minimum land area requirement

Solar-wind farms can be designed using different arrangements of the working sections and different materials in order to suit better the customer's requirements. Depending on the design and materials used, a solar-wind farm can occupy 12,000 – 45,000 m2 of low-cost steep land per 1MW power output.

The area required can be up (or down) scaled, depending on the power requirements.

List of materials (quality, quantity & specifications)

Each segment of a solar-wind farm is most commonly made from 1mm thick galvanised steel sheets and 1mm thick UV resistant clear plastic sheets. A solar-wind farm of 1MW power output requires 351 - 526.5 tons of 1 - 1.5mm thick galvanised steel sheets and 85 - 171 tons of 1 - 2mm thick UV and heat resistant clear plastic sheets. Assembling a 1MW solar-wind farm also requires 46 tons of bitumen, 4,500 m2 of galvanised steel planks (1mm thick), 30 000 pegs made from galvanised steel (0.5 m long), and 47 000 m2 of rubber mats.

The total cost of a custom-made air turbine and AC generator assemblies and fittings is US$55 000 per 1MW (or less if the labour cost is low).

This can be scaled to meet power requirements with all building supplies preferably made from recycled materials.

Approximate build time

Assembling the working sections of a 1MW solar-wind farm requires approximately 5,000 hours of unskilled labour. Assembling the air turbines and connecting the AC generators to the grid requires 200 hours of labour from mechanical and electrical technicians.

The maintenance is simple and only requires occasional cleaning of the working sections, mowing grass that grows nearby (if necessary), and checking the performance of the air turbines and the AC generators, totalling approximately 2 000 hours of unskilled labour and 100 hours skilled labour from technicians per year for a 1MW installation. The labour requirements can be up- or down-scaled depending on the installed power.

Estimated cost of a project on a turnkey basis

The cost of the project on turnkey basis depends on the projected maximal power output.

PRODUCT TYPE COST (per MW) Small projects

(<10MW)

COST (per MW) Large projects

(>10MW) 10% discount

Budget US$600,000 US$540,000

Standard US$650,000 US$585,000

High efficiency US$700,000 US$630,000

Zero carbon footprint US$700,000 US$630,000

Side-view of a solar-wind farm.


Main components included in CAPEX calculations:

Air turbine and AC generator assembly Prefabricated solar collector sections Miscellaneous parts and materials Land Construction labour

Function of the air turbine and AC generator assembly:

To convert the kinetic energy of the solar-heated air into electricity

Air turbine: Custom-made, low pressure/high flow single stage turbine

Rated voltage, frequency and max power of a standard AC generator:

220V/380V/50Hz/60Hz (customised) 10 kW (larger projects require multiple standard 10kW assemblies; custom variations available)

Function of the prefabricated solar collector sections:

To absorb the solar radiation and to confine and direct the flow of hot air towards the turbine

Materials used in solar collectors (per MW):

351 – 526.5 tons of galvanised steel sheets (1 – 1.5mm thick) 85 - 171 tons of UV resistant clear plastic sheets (1 – 2mm thick)

Miscellaneous parts and materials PVC tubes, rubber, crushed rock (or concrete), bitumen, steel planks and pegs

Land (per MW): 12,000 - 45,000 m2

Construction labour (per MW) 5,000 hours of unskilled labour 200 hours of labour of mechanical and electrical technicians

Maintenance (per MW per year): 2,000 hours of unskilled labour 100 hours of labour of mechanical and electrical technicians


OPERATIONAL INFORMATION

Electricity production

The electricity production is proportional to the number of working sections. The level of production is affected by the local climate conditions, levels of sun exposure, and the levels of air pollution (which can block sunlight).

The optimal gradient for the solar-wind farm system is 25-30 degrees. Capital expenditure can be drastically reduced when the structure is deployed over an existing slope of the aforementioned gradient.

Product maintenance

Working sections require regular cleaning from dust and any other sediments. Turbines and generators require maintenance as per the specifications of the manufacturers. The area underneath the sections may require control of vegetation.

Damage to the working sections caused by severe weather conditions (such as hail, monsoons, hurricanes etc.) are easily and cheaply repaired by replacing elements (plastic sheeting) of the working sections. Working sections require regular cleaning to remove dust and any other sediments. Turbines and generators require maintenance as per the specifications of the manufacturers. The area underneath the sections may require vegetation control.

Energy storage

Unlike solar panels, the solar-wind system does not require the use of chemical batteries for the storage of energy. Instead, energy is stored using simple heat pools, which are heated during the day and then release the heat at night, thus allowing continuous generation of electricity.

Product types

There are several variations of the solar-wind technology available to customers. The cost of each of these variations are outlined in the Build Characteristics section of this document.

• The budget version of the product uses crushed rockor concrete underneath the structure instead of waterpipes for heat storage.

• The standard version uses clear plastic workingsections with black metal heat collection areas. Waterpipes and heat pools are used for heat storage (cost ofthe heat pools is not included).

• The high efficiency version uses an ultra-heat-absorbent covering on the collection area. This greatlyincreases the efficiency but requires more expensive,heat resistant materials such as glass and carbon fibre.

Air filters are also necessary to prevent organic material from entering the system, preventing the risk of combustion.

• The zero-carbon footprint version uses completelyrecycled materials for the construction of the facility.This option is available to economies of scale, whichcan source large amounts of recycled plastic, concrete,rubber and aluminium. It is the most environmentallyfriendly option.

Energy loss

The most significant source of energy loss throughout the system occurs in the turbine (as with any system reliant on a turbine). To combat this, USAT Inc. has enlisted the services of the internationally acclaimed mechanical engineer, Dr Ryspek Usubamatov, who has custom built a highly efficient turbine especially for the solar-wind systems.

Loss of energy during transfer

Solar-wind farms use AC generators, producing standard AC. The generators can be connected to standard transformers to minimise energy loss during transportation. Unlike solar panels, there is no need for expensive inverters of DC to AC.

Efficiency during different seasons

The energy production of solar-wind farms is affected by the seasons, with most important factor being the level of exposure to solar radiation. The ambient temperature of the air is of lesser importance, as the system operates on the difference in temperature between the inside of the tunnels and the outside temperature. As such, this technology can operate in any temperature levels including sub-zero temperatures, provided there are adequate levels of sun exposure or some other source of heat (such as waste heat from industry).

Recuperation of heat

Solar-wind technology can utilise waste heat from industry and computers (and other electronic components and devices) working on a large scale. In the process of recuperation, the waste heat supplements solar energy as a source of energy, which increases the rate of electricity generation and also reduces the electricity cost by up to 30%.

Desalination of water

One of the unique features of solar-wind technology is that it can also be used for the purification and desalination of water. The inclusion of a desalination unit is an extra option available to customers.


PRODUCT VARIATIONS

PRODUCT TYPE PRODUCT SUMMARY LAND

REQUIRMENT (per MW)

Budget This variation uses crushed rock instead of water pipes for heat storage. 45,000 m2

Standard The standard version of the system uses clear plastic covers with black metal heat collection areas.

Water pipes and heat pools are used for heat storage. 45,000 m2

High efficiency

This variation uses an ultra-heat-absorbent covering on the collection area. This greatly increases the efficiency, but requires more expensive, heat resistant materials such as glass and carbon fibre. Air filters

are also necessary to prevent organic material from entering the system, preventing the risk of combustion.

12,000 m2

Zero carbon footprint

This variation uses completely recycled materials for the construction. This option is available to economies of scale, which can source large amounts of recycled plastic, concrete, rubber, and

aluminium. It is the most environmentally friendly option. 45,000 m2

Large vs small systems

Large and small systems will vary in how their materials can be sourced. Builds under 10MW will normally need to have their materials sourced locally, due to the cost of sourcing non-bulk orders from foreign

suppliers. -

Green energy, even at night

Solar panel farms cannot supply electricity at night without using sets of batteries. This is a problem, because with the current technology available, the financial and environmental cost of the batteries can never be recovered. Solar-wind technology uses simple thermal pools to store heat during the daytime, which is released during the night. No batteries required, making this system both cheaper and better for the environment.

Electricity output of a solar-wind farm (marked in magenta) and a solar panel farm (marked as the lined segment) versus solar radiation

(marked in gold). The electricity output of a solar-panel farm strictly follows the solar radiation level and stops at night. The solar-wind

farm stores heat during daytime just as a solar-panel farm does, but also gradually releases heat to generate electricity at night.

Additionally, recuperation of waste heat from industry can add up to 30% to the energy output of solar-wind farms.

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COMPETITORS

Currently, the technologies with the biggest share of the

renewable energy sector are hydroelectric, wind farms, and solar panels, in that order. Each of these have their own strengths, but they also have key flaws that lock them into being effective only in particular niches.

Hydroelectric

Hydroelectric requires quite specific conditions to work: the flow and volume of the water must be within certain parameters, meaning not all bodies of water are suitable. Even then, hydroelectric requires significant infrastructure to be built, which disrupts aquatic ecosystems and can prevent fish populations from migrating. Whilst it provides reliable energy as long as it has water flow and does not cause any pollution, it’s heavily restricted to use in areas with the right environmental conditions and needs costly and environmentally disruptive infrastructure.

Wind farms

Wind farms obviously need wind to work, but not too much or too little. This restricts them to very specific locations and may force governments to choose between using land for agriculture or energy production. Wind farms do have a very low environmental impact for the most part, but there are instances of locals being irritated by the noise created by the large blades and reports of bats and birds being killed by them as well. Overall, the greatest weakness of wind farms is their reliability: no wind means no power.

Solar panels

Unlike the previous two technologies discussed, solar panels are very flexible with where they can be built, as each unit is quite small and only needs sunlight to function. In this regard, solar is quite strong. However, the other side of this is that solar panels lose all functionality at night and most on cloudy days. This drastically reduces their reliability. In addition to this, the materials needed to build a solar panel (rather ironically) cause them to be quite bad for the environment, especially at the end of their life cycle where recycling options are limited and costly.

Non-renewables

Non-renewable energy facilities (such as coal power stations), may be cheap to operate, but the large supporting infrastructure (i.e. coal supply chains) is often overlooked when comparing costs of production. With renewables becoming more and more popular, fewer companies are willing to invest the billions necessary to facilitate the new infrastructure for such large non-renewable projects.

Solar –wind technology

Solar-wind technology can outcompete the “big three” renewables in every key area. Solar-wind is:

• Affordable: it produces cheaper energy than any other

offering

• Reliable: will run in most weather conditions, well into thenight

• Clean: uses recyclable materials and the only by-productis clean water

• Accessible: ultra-low build and maintenance costs,

combined with an extremely simple structure andmaterials means it can be built just about anywhere andmaintained with no special tools or training.

• Long lasting: the simple and hardy structure is verydifficult to damage and will last essentially indefinitely.

• Low impact: won’t damage the environment it’s built inand doesn’t disturb animals

• Can use any land: has no special requirements for thebuild zone and thus can be built on “unusable” land, suchas old landfill sites or mining grounds. Costs are greatlyreduced when the system is built along a slope, however,as this means no supports are required.

• Flexible: can be scaled to fit any energy requirements and

is capable of harnessing the waste heat from industry toincrease efficiency.

Solar-wind technology’s space requirements mean it’s not suitable for inner-city builds, but USAT Inc. is currently testing designs that would make this possible. However, as the system produces AC energy, power is more affordably transported over a distance.

As discussed in the Industry Overview, how “green” a technology is, along with reliability and cost are the deciding factors driving energy market trends now and into the foreseeable future. Solar-wind excels in these key areas.

The table below provides an overview of the key strengths and weaknesses of various types of renewable and non-renewable energy systems.


COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS

Note: Statistics provided are based on standardised parameters and will vary upon the alteration of the contributing circumstances.

SOLAR PANELS SOLAR-WIND FARMS

POWER GENERATED AT SAME CAPITAL COST (US$10m facility)

12.5MW 14.3 - 16.7MW

POWER GENERATED ATSAME LAND AREA (100,000 m2)

5.5MW 2.2 - 8.3MW

LAND REQUIREMENT Flat land (higher CAPEX) Steep hills (lower CAPEX)

ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION(per MW installed power per day)

Max. 8MWh Avg. 12MWh

ENERGY EFFICIENCY 20% 40%

LOSS IN INVERTERS 10-50% Not applicable

SCALABILITY Scalable Scalable

LIFE CYCLE 20 years 50 years

CARBON FOOTPRINT 72 grams per kWh

ZERO

24 EFFICIENCY LEVELS Max. 8 hours 24 hours (80% red. at night)


BECOMING A CUSTOMER

Expression of interest

The first step in arranging a solar-wind farm deployment is to send USAT Inc. a non-binding expression of interest. The expression of interest should contain some basic information regarding the build requirements and the purpose for the product.

Please include the following details in the expression of interest and email the information to [email protected]:

• Name of company• Contact information• Country of registration• Location specifications• Purpose of deployment• System size• Preferred product variation• Additional requirements

The expression of interest will be responded to within seven working days of receipt.

Engineering review

Upon receipt of an expression of interest, USAT Inc.'s team of experts and engineers will carry out a preliminary review of the build parameters. Then, USAT Inc. personnel will discuss all options with the potential customers to ensure the best possible results for the product deployment.

In the event that the build location or parameters are not suitable for the requested style of product deployment, the customer will be notified and the request can be cancelled with no costs incurred.

Site compatibility test

Once the feasibility review is complete, USAT Inc.'s engineers will visit the build location to ensure optimal system performance is achieved from the construction of the facility. This inspection is carried out over a one week period, at the cost of two USAT Inc. experts for the period (including travel expenses), paid for upfront by the customer. The experts will advise the customer on all recommended build specifications and will instruct USAT Inc. on the system design schematics as the project progresses into the construction phases.

Industrial vs utility scale

Requirements for the size of the build can vary significantly, depending on the purpose of the build. Individual customer builds are considered industrial scale products. Here, the customer is intending to use the solar-wind farm for off-grid power generation for private purposes. Often this would be a customer seeking to power a private facility (e.g. metal fabrication factory). Solar-wind farm deployments of this scale require less licencing protocols than utility scale projects.

In a utility scale system deployment, the customer is intending to sell electricity to the grid through the use of offtake agreements. These types of deployments require more time in preparation due to all the regulatory hurdles that

must be satisfied. Although USAT Inc. will assist in the process of such deployments, the customer is responsible for the undertaking of negotiations with their local regulatory bodies to secure this type of system deployment.

Availability

Product availability is subject to location, timing, and size. Certain builds may not pass the feasibility test due to various circumstances, including economic embargos and turbulent political conditions in the location of the build. Smaller deployments may also be affected by the lack of local materials available for the construction of the facility.

Distribution

Depending on the size of the facility being built, materials may have to be sourced locally if the build is smaller than 10MW or alternatively imported from USAT Inc.'s manufacturers. These factors should be taken into account when considering the purchase of this technology. In certain cases, USAT Inc. will consider creating a localised manufacturing and distribution centre for large utility scale clients when government backing is provided

Deposit

Customers must pay an upfront deposit of 25% of the cost of the facility after the site compatibility test is complete. This deposit must be paid into the prescribed USAT Inc. bank account prior to the commencement of the product construction.

Customisation

Customers have several customisation options available to them when building a solar-wind farm facility. These customisation options are outlined in the Operational Information section of this document. USAT Inc. personnel will be able to assist and advise each customer regarding the suitability of each option for their requirements.

Financing options

Customers have several customisation options available to them when building a solar-wind farm facility. These customisation options are outlined in the Operational Information section of this document. USAT Inc. personnel will be able to assist and advise each customer regarding the suitability of each option for their requirements.

Government subsidies

Many governments provide subsidies for renewable energy products and energy generation. Please contact your local government for further information.

Customer support

USAT Inc. provides continuous support for all product deployments and offers a range of warranty services. Please contact USAT Inc. for further information regarding these services.

mailto:[email protected]


Dr. Jason Hung

Blockchain and Investment

Dr. Sally Eaves

Brand Ambassador

Executive Team

Advisory Board

Core Team Members

Jason Butcher

Networking

George Hamalian

Chief Strategy Officer (CSO)

Ivan Jasenovic

Chief Technology Officer (CTO)

Mofassair Hossain

Chief Marketing Officer (CMO)

Alexander de St. Amatus

Chief Executive Officer (CEO)

Arturas Svirskis

Marketing and Investment

Sydney Ifergan

Marketing

William Cartmell

Legal

Timo Trippler

Investment

Maksym Dolchenko

Investment

Chandan Indoria

Product Distribution

Richard Lofgren

Product Development

Natasha Cain

Head of PR / Science Officer

Peter Banjanin

President

Dr. Benedict de St. Amatus

Chief Scientist

Andy Banjanin

Video Content Manager

Mike Alonso

Senior Developer

Mark Paddenburg

Innovation Advisor


CONTACT USAT INC.

Registered Office: Innovation Centre Sunshine Coast, 90 Sippy Downs Dr, Sippy Downs, QLD, 4556,

Australia Australian Organisation Nō: IA57460

Email: [email protected]

Website: https://USAT.io

LINKS

USAT Inc. Website: https://usat.io

USAT Inc. Telegram: https://t.me/USATINC

USAT Inc. Telegram Announcements: https://t.me/usatchannel

USAT Inc. Twitter: https://twitter.com/USAT_Inc

USAT Inc. Medium: https://medium.com/@usatinc101 USAT Inc.

Tokensale: https://usat.io/join-ico/

BitcoinTalk Thread: https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=4419611

dWealth: https://dWealthServices.com

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white paper doc - usat.io fileSeveral technologies have already been acquired by USAT Inc. and are...

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Transcript of white paper doc - usat.io fileSeveral technologies have already been acquired by USAT Inc. and are...