White Bookold.ms.md/_files/10733-10719-White%2520Book%25202012-2013... · Web viewNovember 2011 The...

November 2011

The Agency’sProposed 2012–2013

Technical Cooperation Programme(Overview and New Projects)

Europe: Regional Programme

(see documents GOV/2011/58, GOV/2011/58/Add.1 and GOV/2011/58/Add.3)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Europe region...........................................................................................................................................1

1. Supporting Quality Assurance for the Measurement and Monitoring of Radioactivity in the Environment (RER/0/033) 03 New....................................................................................................3

2. Enhancing the Characterization, Preservation and Protection of Cultural Heritage Artefacts (RER/0/034) 01 New..........................................................................................................4

3. Supporting Enhanced Sustainability of Programme Activities (RER/0/035) 01 New.................6

4. Supporting Programme Review and Planning (RER/0/036) 01 New..........................................7

5. Enhancing Use and Safety of Research Reactors through Networking, Coalitions and Shared Best Practices (RER/1/007) 08 New..................................................................................................9

6. Supporting Air Quality Management (RER/1/008) 02 New......................................................11

7. Developing Coordinated Non-Destructive Testing Activities to Comply with International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Codes for Training, Certification and Harmonization (RER/1/009) 18 New...............................................................................................13

8. Supporting Radiation Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Materials for Advanced Technology, Environmental and Healthcare Products (RER/1/010) 18 New..................................15

9. Introducing and Harmonizing Standardized Quality Control Procedures for Radiation Technologies (RER/1/011) 18 New.................................................................................................17

10. Supporting Advanced Plasma Technologies to Prevent Pollution and Control Emissions (RER/1/012) 18 New.......................................................................................................19

11. Establishing a Safety Infrastructure for a National Nuclear Power Programme (RER/2/006) 05 New...............................................................................................................................................21

12. Enhancing Nuclear Power Infrastructures for Countries Considering Developing or Expanding Nuclear Power Programmes (RER/2/007) 05 New..........................................................................23

13. Strengthening Regulatory Capabilities for Licensing and Overseeing New Designs of Generation III and III+ Nuclear Power Plants (RER/2/008) 05 New...............................................25

14. Strengthening Capabilities for Nuclear Power Plant Lifetime Management for Long Term Operation (RER/2/009) 06 New.......................................................................................................27

15. Supporting Coordinated Control of Transboundary Animal Diseases with Socioeconomic Impact and that Affect Human Health (RER/5/016) 22 New..........................................................28

16. Enhancing Productivity and Quality of Major Food Crops (RER/5/017) 20 New..................30

17. Supporting Fruit Fly Pest Prevention and Management in the Balkans and the Eastern Mediterranean (RER/5/018) 23 New................................................................................................32

18. Establishing a Sustainable Network on Irradiated Food (RER/5/019) 24 New.......................34

19. Strengthening Knowledge of Radiation Oncologists and Radiation Therapists (RER/6/022) 26 New.....................................................................................................................................................37

20. Strengthening Medical Physics in Radiation Medicine (RER/6/023) 29 New........................39

21. Supporting Quality Audits in Radiation Oncology (RER/6/024) 29 New...............................40

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22. Building Capacity for Medical Physics in Radiation Oncology at the International Training Centre (EARTH) for the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) Region (RER/6/025) 29 New.....................................................................................................................................................41

23. Strengthening Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography/Computed Tomography (SPECT/CT) and Positron Emission Tomography (PET)/CT Hybrid Imaging Applications for Chronic Disease Diagnosis (RER/6/026) 27 New............................................................................43

24. Supporting Comprehensive Cancer Control (RER/6/027) 25 New..........................................44

25. Establishing National Legal Frameworks (RER/9/105) 09 New.............................................46

26. Supporting Decommissioning and Waste Management for the Chernobyl, Ignalina and A1 Nuclear Power Plants (RER/9/106) 19 New....................................................................................48

27. Strengthening Radioactive Waste Management Capabilities (RER/9/107) 19 New...............50

28. Strengthening Engineering Capabilities for GEN 3 and GEN 3+ Nuclear Power Plants (RER/9/108) 10 New.............................................................................................................52

29. Strengthening Education and Training Infrastructures and Building Competence in Radiation Safety (RER/9/109) 09 New.............................................................................................................54

30. Strengthening the Inspection Capabilities and Programmes of the Regulatory Authorities (RER/9/110) 09 New.....................................................................................................56

31. Establishing a Sustainable National Regulatory Infrastructure for Nuclear and Radiation Safety (RER/9/111) 09 New.............................................................................................................58

32. Enhancing Management, Organization and Effectiveness of the Regulatory Authorities (RER/9/112) 09 New.....................................................................................................61

33. Strengthening Radiation Protection of Patients during Medical Procedures (RER/9/113) 12 New.....................................................................................................................................................63

34. Delivering Effective Transport Safety Regimes (RER/9/114) 13 New...................................64

35. Developing and Harmonizing National Strategies for Reduced Public Exposure to Radon (RER/9/115) 12 New.............................................................................................................66

36. Strengthening Occupational Radiation Protection Systems (RER/9/116) 12 New..................68

37. Upgrading National Capabilities for Controlling Public Exposure (RER/9/117) 19 New.......70

38. Strengthening and Harmonizing National Capabilities for Response to Nuclear and Radiological Emergencies (RER/9/118) 09 New.............................................................................72

39. Supporting Human Resource Development in Nuclear Security (RER/9/119) 14 New..........74

40. Supporting Decommissioning Implementation for Facilities Using Radioactive Material (RER/9/120) 19 New.........................................................................................................75

41. Supporting Environmental Remediation Programmes (RER/9/121) 19 New..........................77

42. Supporting Safe Management of Uranium Production Legacy Sites (RER/9/122) 19 New....79

43. Supporting the Return to Normal Radiological Environmental Conditions for the Territories Affected by the Chernobyl Accident (RER/9/123) 19 New.............................................................81

44. Improving Operational Safety of Nuclear Power Plants (RER/9/124) 10 New.......................83

45. Strengthening Nuclear Safety Assessment Capabilities Through the use of the Safety Assessment, Education and Training (SAET) Programme (RER/9/125) 10 New...........................85

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46. Advancing Safety Assessment Capabilities, Harmonizing Safety Assessments and Creating Synergy between Deterministic and Probabilistic Safety Analyses (RER/9/126) 10 New..............87

New Technical Cooperation Field of Activity Codes for the 2012–2013 Programme Cycle............89

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Europe region

The national technical cooperation programme for 2012–2013 in Europe was formulated in line with current Country Programme Frameworks (CPFs) of various Member States, and the regional programme in line with the Europe Regional Profile (ERP) adopted by Member States in 2008, which identifies four specific thematic sectors as main areas of activity for the region in the medium term, 2009–2013. The process of formulation of the regional programme was also guided by the Strategy for the Technical Cooperation Programme in the Europe Region, adopted in 2010.

The widespread use of nuclear technology in various sectors of socioeconomic importance – mainly in the energy, health, and industrial sectors – makes safety and security areas of top priority in the Europe region. Projects were formulated to address, inter alia, safety of nuclear installations, radiation safety, emergency preparedness, nuclear security and radioactive waste management and decommissioning. Although the majority of Member States in the region have well-functioning regulatory infrastructures, with established regulatory bodies, some countries have not yet achieved a situation that is fully in line with relevant IAEA Safety Standards. Several regional projects are aimed at addressing gaps in this respect.

Nuclear power plays an important role in the energy mix in several Member States in the Europe Region. Several Member States are operating nuclear power plants (NPPs) and several are considering introducing nuclear power in their future energy mix. It is of the utmost importance that expanded or new nuclear power programmes are developed and conducted – from inception to termination – within strict requirements for safety. Thus, the main focus of energy projects for the region is to strengthen national regulatory safety infrastructures and operational safety of existing NPPs, as well as providing guidance or advice to Member States that are expanding their nuclear power programmes or introducing nuclear power for the first time. A related main area of focus of the projects is support for both operators and regulators in the safe decommissioning and management of radioactive waste. The programme also includes a project on human capacity building for nuclear security in support of the IAEA Nuclear Security Plan 2010–2013.

In the area of human health, cardiovascular diseases and cancer are among the major diseases in Europe for which nuclear technology plays an important role in diagnosis and/or treatment. Projects in this field focus on improving quality and safety in nuclear medicine and radiation therapy for cancer through, inter alia, training of radiation oncologists, radiation therapists and medical physicists. Emphasis will also be placed on assisting Member States in developing comprehensive cancer control strategies including defining the role of nuclear technology.

In the industrial sector, some of the key applications of nuclear techniques include sterilization of medical and other products, treatment of materials, and non-destructive testing. The focus of the projects is on enhanced industrial and environmental safety, productivity and quality management and assurance.

Other key areas of nuclear applications covered by the programme in the Europe region include enhancing agricultural production through improving the quality of major food crops and controlling livestock diseases and insect pests. The programme also includes activities related to the use of radiation for the characterization, preservation and protection of cultural heritage artefacts.

The programme in the Europe Region supports key environment remediation activities related to uranium production legacy sites and to the Chernobyl accident. The projects are complementary to the efforts of other regional and international partners.

The programme of the Europe region also focuses on national capacity building, particularly human, and on enhancing cooperation among Member States.

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Proposed New Core Programme for 2012–2013

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Project descriptions for the 2012–2013 technical cooperation programme

1. Supporting Quality Assurance for the Measurement and Monitoring of Radioactivity in the Environment (RER/0/033) 03 New

Objectives: To improve quality assurance for the measurements and monitoring of radioactivity in the environment, in accordance with ISO 17025, in order to assure future metrologically comparable measurement results of environmental radioactivity monitoring at the regional level

Project Duration: 2 Years

Budget: CORE FINANCING

Year Human Resource Components (Euro) Procurement Components (Euro)

Total (Euro) Experts Meetings Fellow-

shipsScientific

VisitsTraining Courses Sub-Total Equipment Sub-

Contracts Sub-Total

2012 2 000 30 000 0 0 30 000 62 000 0 0 0 62 0002013 2 000 0 0 0 0 2 000 66 000 0 66 000 68 000Blank

FOOTNOTE-a/ FINANCING



shipsScientific


Contracts Sub-Total

2012 65 325 0 0 0 0 65 325 0 0 00 65 325

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Problem Statement: Many MS are recognizing the need for improvement and harmonization of methodologies for the determination of selected environmental radionuclides of regional concern and make intercomparison studies rather difficult. Lack of suitable standards for quality control and instrument calibration causes large uncertainty of results. Laboratories should be supported in organization of laboratory intercomparisons, development of criteria for planning and design of environmental monitoring surveys, and development of measures and support for obtaining accreditation (in particular measurement uncertainty and traceability).

Linkages with the regional efforts to address need: The Europe Regional Profile (ERP) for the TCP in the Europe Region prepared in 2008 identifies four specific thematic sectors as main areas of activity for the region in the medium term, 2009–2013: "Isotope and Radiation Technology Applications – including environment, agriculture and industry" is one of them

Past and present country efforts to address the need: The radioactivity monitoring of environment samples include quantitative estimation of the level of pollutants and emission rates of the pollutants and identification of the sources of materials emitted into the environment. Many laboratories in the Member States have appropriate analytical facilities and expertise to perform monitoring programme and to calibrate some of the monitoring instruments.

Past and present support by the IAEA in the same FOA: The radioactivity monitoring of environment samples include quantitative estimation of the level of pollutants and emission rates of the pollutants and identification of the sources of materials emitted into the environment. Many laboratories in the MSs have appropriate analytical facilities and expertise to perform monitoring program and to calibrate some of monitoring instruments. Their efforts in this field were supported under TC programs (for example: RER/8/009 Air Pollution Monitoring in the Mediterranean Region). Other TC projects: RUS/7/003 Harmonization of QA/QC System according to ISO and International Standards Nuclear Analytical Laboratories of Russian Federation.

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Role if nuclear technology: Environmental radioactivity monitoring involves nuclear techn iques. High-resolution gamma-spectrometry, alpha spectrometry, low level gross-alpha-beta counting system, gamma dose rate measurements are all nuclear instrumentation.

End users: The national authorities for radiation protection and national institutions responsible for radioactivity measurements.

Partnership: The Agency's Laboratories in Seibersdorf - Organization of inter-laboratory studies and statistical evaluation of analytical data.

Strategy and sustainability: The main approach will be to share lessons learned for implementation of monitoring practices and to enhance quality assurance by applying the ISO standards in this area. By enhancing networking among these MSs will be ensured sustainability for coordination of common processes, more effective use of equipment and tools developed or provided for specific activities.

Outcomes and Outputs

Indicators Means of Verifications Assumptions Outcome An improved quality

assurance programme in the participating laboratories for measurement of radioactivity in the environment following ISO standart 17025.

Increased number of standardized procedures

Intermediate report and expert assessment

Commitment by the governments to support the project through making staff and facilities available Commitment of management staff of participating laboratories to support the project through making staff and facilities available and their willingness to implement the resulting recommendations

Output Trained staff Number of staff trained

Certificates Commitment by the governments to support the project through making staff and facilities available

Use of standardized measurement procedures

Increased number of standardized procedures

Intermediate report and expert assessment

Commitment of management staff of participating laboratories to support the project through making staff and facilities available and their willingness to implement the resulting recommendations

Improved comparability of measurement results related to environmental radioactivity

Results of proficiency tests

Number of results that passed the proficiency tests

Assessment report of current environmental radioactivity in the Danube Black See ecosystems ( target countries Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania, Slovakia, Ukraine, Turkey)

Existence of report

Assessment of the report by expert

Major inputs (items with a cost of over Euro 150,000) No elements with a cost of Euro 150,000

2. Enhancing the Characterization, Preservation and Protection of Cultural Heritage Artefacts (RER/0/034) 01 New

Objectives: To improve the characterisation, preservation, protection and authentication of cultural heritage artefacts by effective utilisation of nuclear analytical techniques and radiation technology.


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shipsScientific


Contracts Sub-Total

2012 8 500 60 000 0 0 50 000 118 500 38 000 0 38 000 156 5002013 12 500 25 000 52 000 0 25 000 114 500 33 000 0 33 000 147 500Blank




shipsScientific


Contracts Sub-Total

2013 0 25 000 0 0 0 25 000 0 0 00 25 000

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Problem Statement: The previous project, RER/8/015 "Using Nuclear Techniques for the Characterization and Preservation of Cultural Heritage (CH) Artefacts in the European Region", demonstrated that nuclear techniques are exceptionally suitable for non-destructive characterization of cultural heritage artefacts, in support of their conservation/restoration, as well as for their preservation through the use of radiation treatment. Due to the limited availability of specialized equipment and a lack of expertise, only selected countries and laboratories have, to-date, been able to take advantage these techniques. This project would be to broaden access to nuclear techniques and extend the applicability range to cover new cultural heritage artefacts and materials. Another new aspect is related to the application of dating techniques in support of art historians and archaeologists. In order to ensure identification and tracing of movable CH artefacts, elemental tagging combined with nuclear techniques such as portable XRF instruments and in-situ analytical methodologies will also be included. This will help towards the development and adoption of effective policies in support of "safe" conservation and production of "museum quality" replicas for commercial purposes. Increased cooperation with other international organizations (such as UNESCO, ICCOM, ICOMOS) is also envisaged.

Linkages with the regional efforts to address need: The concept is linked to: IAEA-TC document “Strategy for the Technical Cooperation Programme in the Europe Region”, namely to the Europe Regional Profile (ERP): “Isotope and Radiation Technology Applications – including environment, agriculture and industry”. The project will especially contribute towards the achievement of Strategic Objective 2 "To promote inclusive participation of Member States in the Programme" and Strategic Objective 3 "To strengthen partnership".

Past and present country efforts to address the need: Protection and conservation of cultural heritage objects is a major mandate for international organizations such as UNESCO and ICCOM, which support financially a number of –non nuclear related- projects aimed at the preservation of CH in the Europe Region. As per regional initiatives that fall under the European Commission umbrella, the FP7 project “Cultural Heritage Advanced Research Infrastructures: Synergy for a Multidisciplinary Approach to Conservation/Restoration” (CHARISMA; 2009-2013) covers joint research, transnational access and networking, the planned activities require a combined effort and commitment of an high-level partnership of twenty-one organizations to provide access to advanced facilities and develop research and applications on artwork materials finalized to the conservation of cultural heritage and favoring the opening of larger perspective to the heritage conservation activities in Europe.

Past and present support by the IAEA in the same FOA: This project will build on the achievements of project RER/8/015 "Using Nuclear Techniques for the Characterization and Preservation of Cultural Heritage Artefacts in the European Region". Under this regional technical cooperation project, technical knowledge and skills to characterize and preserve cultural heritage artefacts using the most ideal technology in was enhanced and transferred. The major achievements of the project thus far are: i) key needs and problems related to the protection and conservation of cultural heritage were identified, ii) the compilation of an inventory of existing cultural heritage objects was successfully initiated, and iii) awareness was raised as to the unique potential and benefits of nuclear applications in support to cultural heritage characterisation and preservation.

Role if nuclear technology: Nuclear techniques offer unique opportunities for cultural heritage conservation and characterization. In the case of characterization of CH objects, applied techniques are non-destructive. Nuclear analytical techniques provide a possibility to perform in-situ measurements of immovable CH objects. Nuclear techniques may also be applied as ideal analytical tools in preventive conservation.

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End users: Public and private museums, collections and galleries, public authorities (ministries of culture, tourism, education, environment, ccience, etc), art and antiquities traders, insurance companies, universities, the general public.

Partnership: Public and private museums, collections and galleries, public authorities (Ministries of Culture and Tourism, Education, Environment, Science, Police), art and antiquities trade companies, insurance companies, universities Strategic: UNESCO, ICCOM.

Strategy and sustainability: Liaising with UNESCO, ICCROM, ICOM, ICOMOS and other relevant institutions and associations will be carried out throughout the project to initiate joint activities that would last beyond the duration on the project sensu stricto. In-country collaborations among nuclear specialists and end-users will be promoted, similar to what is currently being done under project RER/8/015.


Indicators Means of Verifications Assumptions Outcome Increased awareness,

networking and broadened knowledge on the application of nuclear technology in the field of cultural heritage

% of participating Member States who have produced articles/ videos targeting non-specialised audience or scientific publications on the application of nuclear technology in the field of CH Target: 80%

Press and Media; Scientific databases; Country reports

Governments of participating Member States are supportive

% of participating Member States involved in multidisciplinary/ international initiatives; Target: 90%

Country reports, official agreements and contracts (MoUs), participation in workshops

% of Member States in which nuclear techniques are applied in the field of CH. Target: 80%

Country reports

Output Published material on the use of nuclear analytical techniques and radiation technology for the characterisation, preservation, protection and authentication of CH

N° of publications and promotional material produced withi the project. Baseline: 0 (at the beginning of the project). Target: >/= 10

Member States reports IAEA Databases

Information successfully conveyed to key representatives of dissemination organisations

Established networks between national and regional stakeholders

N° of formal/ informal intra-country collaborations; N° of formal/ informal inter-country collaborations;

Country reports, official agreements and contracts (MoUs), memberships

Stakeholders from end-user organisation actively involved in decision-making at national and regional level; the dissemination of information granted continuity

Established online collaboration platform/forum

N° of subscriptions/registrations to online web-based platform;

Platform access records Efficient hosting of platform offered

Improved technical capabilities in the TC Europe Region where the use of nuclear techniques in the field of CH is concerned

N° of PhD, MSc, and BSc degrees to which project activities contributed to.

Country reports; IAEA reports.

Basic equipment and facilities available in Member States

Guidelines and technical documents available to Member States

N° of reviewed and approved documents established made availabe to Member States;

Country reports; IAEA reports.

Counterparts authorised to use harmonised guidelines in routine sampling and analysis


3. Supporting Enhanced Sustainability of Programme Activities (RER/0/035) 01 New

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Objectives: To meet high priority unforeseen needs of Member States not covered in specific on-going national or regional projects.





shipsScientific


Contracts Sub-Total

2012 40 000 0 40 000 0 0 80 000 40 000 0 40 000 120 0002013 40 000 0 40 000 0 0 80 000 40 000 0 40 000 120 000

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Problem Statement: During the course of a technical cooperation cycle certain country needs arise which cannot be met through any of ongoing projects with specific objective and corresponding set of activities and budget. The unforeseen needs may relate to: upgrading of existing facilities in response to new or improved technologies, for example for the purpose of efficiency or safety; acquiring new knowledge or technology which has just become available, an emergency etc. The present regional project constitutes a framework within which such priority unforeseen needs of Member States for Agency assistance are addressed. Addressing such unforeseen needs of Member States usually involves provision of short training, expert services or minor procurement items. The assistance to be provided through this project is essential for supporting sustainability for nuclear applications in key priority areas of Member States.

Linkages with the regional efforts to address need: This project is in line with the Strategy for the TC Programme in the Europe Region which, inter alia, promotes sustainable use of nuclear technologies for addressing national and regional needs.

Past and present country efforts to address the need: Such needs have been addressed through various national and regional projects. Currently, the needs are being addressed through regional project RER/0/032 which has multiple objectives, but it is preferred that the assistance is provided through a single dedicated project for transparency and to ensure effective monitoring

Past and present support by the IAEA in the same FOA: This project builds on and complements past and present support given to Member States in the region in various priority areas for Member States.

Role if nuclear technology: Not Applicable

End users: Member State institutions responsible for planning and implementing technical cooperation activities with the Agency.

Partnership: Not Applicable

Strategy and sustainability: Every request from Member States will be assessed from both technical and relevance standpoints.


Indicators Means of Verifications Assumptions Outcome Sustainability of TC programme

activities in Member States enhanced

Proportion of requesting institutions able to continue implementing relevant activities due to support

Periodic progress reports; TCPrime

Member States are providing necessary local resources for implementing relevant

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through the project activities Output Unforeseen needs of Member

States for supporting institutions responsible for planning and implementing technical cooperation activities with the Agency are met.

Percent of suitable requests satisfied within six months of receipt.

Periodic progress reports; TCPrime

Member State requests are only for unforeseen needs related to ongoing activities


4. Supporting Programme Review and Planning (RER/0/036) 01 New

Objectives: To support national and regional programme review and planning.





shipsScientific


Contracts Sub-Total

2012 225 000 150 000 0 0 50 000 425 000 0 0 0 425 0002013 220 000 100 000 0 0 50 000 370 000 0 0 0 370 000

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Problem Statement: With the Board's approval of the TC Strategy in 1997 and its review in 2002, Country Programme Frameworks (CPFs) became one of the modalities for achieving the strategic objectives of the TC Programme. Member States in the Europe Region need support in developing and updating CPFs and in preparing plans to identify areas of technical cooperation with the IAEA where nuclear technology can make a significant contribution. As part of the CPF process opportunities for partnerships with regional and international organisations is sought. Of special importance is the need for cooperation with other UN organisations done, inter alia, through the particiaption in the UNDAF process. Member States also need support in the design of projects that meet Agency quality criteria and are feasible and implementable within time and budget. Associated with this is the need for training National Liaison Officers and counterparts on project design methodologies and quality control and review processes. Furthermore, during the preparation of the programme, project design missions are necessary to clarify technical needs, local arrangements and to improve the design of the projects in consultation with project counterparts and NLOs. During project implementation it is necessary to carry out monitoring missions to Member States to assess progress and and address general implementation issues. These missions are typically carried out by assigned Project Management Officers accompanied, when necessary, by technical experts. Member States and the Secretariat adopted a Strategy for the Technical Cooperation Programme in the Europe Region. The Strategy sets certain strategic objectives intended to ensure relevance and impact of the programme, promote inclusive participation, strengthen partnership, ensure effective governance and enhance financial resources for the programme. The Strategy also indentifies core values that underpin the way in which the region delivers on its strategic vision. For the Secretariat to effectively contribute to achieving the set strategic goals there is a need to have available an appropriate project intended to enable the implementation of programme review and planning activities. For the regional programme, it is also necessary to conduct periodic programme review or planning meetings involving NLOs. These meetings will also serve to monitor progess and assess the implementation of the Strategy for the TC Programme in the Europe Region.

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Linkages with the regional efforts to address need: The project is linked to one of the mission statements of the Strategy for the TC Programme in the Europe Region "to identify in a comprehensive manner and apply in a balanced way, nuclear technologies that can be used to address national and regional needs, and promote their sustainable use".

Past and present country efforts to address the need: Similar projects have been implemented in past TC programme cycles becaues programme planning and review is a continuous activity, which is indispensable to sustain dialogue with Member States and ensure quality in the design and implementation of the TC programme.

Past and present support by the IAEA in the same FOA: Similar projects have been implemented in past TC programme cycles becaues programme planning and review is a continuous activity, which is indispensable to sustain dialogue with Member States and ensure quality in the design and implementation of the TC programme.

Role if nuclear technology: This project is for developing and implementing a quality TC programme for the utilisation of nuclear technology.

End users: Direct beneficiaries from project implementation will be the Member State institutions responsible for planning and implementing technical cooperation activities with the Agency.

Partnership: This projects does not require any partner sensu stricto for its implementation. Nevertheless, one of its aims is to engage partners who will be invited to participate in relevant activities such as project/programme planning meetings.

Strategy and sustainability: Project implementation will be guided by the TC Strategy and the Strategy for TC Programme for the Europe Region.


Indicators Means of Verifications Assumptions Outcome Safe, secure and sustainable use of

nuclear technologies to address national and regional development priorities facilitated and maintained through effective and efficient design and implementation of the TCP in the Europe Region

Priority areas of the Europe Regional Profile (ERP) covered in the 2014-2015 TCP

TC White Book for 2014-2015

Successful TCP 2012-2013 implementation based on established criteria

Project/programme implementation progress reports; satisfaction survey of NLOs

Output Updated strategic framework for the TCP in the Europe Region (CPFs, ERP, ERS)

All countries with endorsed CPFs

Official TCEU records Member States willing to update CPF

ERP endorsed by NLO Meeting

Official TCEU records

ERS endorsed by NLO Meeting

Official TCEU records

Results of TCP 2012-2013 assessment and monitoring and Board-approved TCP 2014-2015

Favourable reviews of the programme based on periodic assessments and monitoring against established criteria

Periodic reviews of the programme by counterparts, NLOs, and the Secretariat

Annual Implementation Rate of not less than 75%

TC Annual Report

Board’s approval of TCP 2014-2015

Report of TACC/Board


5. Enhancing Use and Safety of Research Reactors through Networking, Coalitions and

9

Shared Best Practices (RER/1/007) 08 New

Objectives: To improve sustainable utilization, safe operation and management of the research reactors through networks and coalitions and effective application of the Code of Conduct on Safety of Research Reactors.





shipsScientific


Contracts Sub-Total

2012 8 390 125 580 0 0 0 133 970 15 000 0 15 000 148 9702013 8 590 141 450 0 0 0 150 040 0 0 0 150 0402014 8 790 129 900 0 0 0 138 690 15 000 0 15 000 153 6902015 8 990 128 040 0 0 0 137 030 15 000 0 15 000 152 030Blank




shipsScientific


Contracts Sub-Total

2012 18 458 45 930 80 000 0 0 144 388 100 000 0 100 000 244 3882013 18 898 46 290 80 000 0 0 145 188 15 000 0 15 000 160 1882014 19 338 46 650 80 000 0 0 145 988 0 0 00 145 9882015 19 778 47 010 80 000 0 0 146 788 0 0 00 146 788

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Problem Statement: Access to research reactor services is not uniform within the region, and user needs for research reactors, for example in medical isotope production, analyses to support industry and the environment, education and training in nuclear sciences, are under-served. Yet many Member States operate research reactors that are underutilized and are facing significant budgetary challenges that have the potential to impact upon safe and secure operations. New research reactors are proposed within the region, and it is important that these reactors develop an adequate stakeholder base to avoid future underutilization and budgetary shortfalls as well as the needed technical and safety infrastructures. Considering radioisotope supply for medical purposes, Mo-99, where there was a serious shortfall in 2009, when two (out of five major global producers) had to unexpectedly shut down. Although the reactors have since restarted, the five main reactors that produce isotopes are aging, and operational problems are becoming more frequent, leaving patients and hospitals at risk of not receiving adequate supply of this vital medical radioisotope. The analysis of the results of recent IAEA activities showed a common need for: • Improving the capabilities of regulatory bodies in review of assessment of safety submittals; • Enhancing the effectiveness of the operating organizations’ safety committees; • Developing/updating safety documentation to reflect the actual status of the facilities; • Developing and implementing systematic ageing management programmes; • Establishing effective operational radiation protection programmes; • Developing comprehensive emergency plans and establishing procedures and response capabilities at the national level; • Establishing decommissioning plans for many research reactors. In addition, there is a need for: • Improving networking, and enhancing exchange of operating experience and good safety practices; • Improving the use of research reactors in establishing the safety and technical infrastructures for countries embarking on nuclear power programmes.

Linkages with the regional efforts to address need: The project is in line with the Strategy for the Technical Cooperation Programme in the Europe Region, in particular with its mission to promote regional networks for exchange of nuclear technologies, know-how and information; with its core values, in particular collaboration, inclusiveness, partnerships and safety; and to the Strategic Objective 3 to strengthen partnerships.

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Past and present country efforts to address the need: The initiative for sharing capacities of the research reactors appeared several years ago from the institutions in Central Europe themselves, in order to overcome the issue of underutilization of some research reactors and overloading of the others. The first coalition has been built over the education and training activities as a follow-up of the support that the IAEA used to provide to the Eugen Wigner Course. Given the research reactors are unique research facilities and countries typically run one of them only, regional approach is the logical way for networking.

Past and present support by the IAEA in the same FOA: The project would build upon the results achieved of preceding projects RER/4/029 and RER/4/032. These achievements included improved of knowledge sharing and exchange of information on good safety practices, enhanced awareness of the participating Member States on the provisions of the code of Conduct on the Safety of Research Reactors and in the application of the supporting IAEA Safety Standards, and enhanced capabilities of the research reactor personnel in the preparation, updating and assessment of the safety documents for research reactors. The achievements of the RER/4/029 and RER /4/032 also included establishing four sub-regional research reactor coalitions in the Europe region: the East-European RR Imitative (EERRI), the Eurasia RR Coalition (EARRC), the Baltic RR Network (BRRN) and the Mediterranean RR Network. After two TC project cycles there are four active research reactor coalitions in the region. The support for establishing RR networks and coalition has been provided by US extra budgetary funding also. In addition, countries that do not have a research reactor will have the opportunity to join a coalition or network and so improve their access to the peaceful applications of nuclear technology in science, energy, industry and medicine.

Role if nuclear technology: Research reactors are nuclear facilities used for a variety of purposes, from production to radioisotopes to analytical services. Most of these services and products can only be supplied by research reactors

End users: Decision makers, research reactor operators, research reactor regulators (through improved regulatory supervision of research reactors) patients (through improved medical isotope supplies), industry, and farers (through improved access to analytical and other services), general public (through increased safety and security of research reactor operation).

Partnership: The European Commission has several programmes concerning research reactor safe operation. The IAEA will link with EC programmes to build on synergies and avoid overlapping. A request has been subitted to the US PUI programme to fund research reactor coalition and networks activities. Depending on US conditions on using the funds for countries within the Europe region, some extrabudetary funding may be available in 2012-2013, in particular for activities involving Member States outside the European Union.

Strategy and sustainability: To ensure the sustainability the project will be implemented foreseeing phase approach and gradual withdraw of the IAEA from its coordination role supporting the activities of coalitions and networks. The means for making the multilateral entities established in this and preceding projects will be searched, including setting up the administrative support offices. In this way the durable partnerships among the research reactors staff and management will be established in order to mutually improve the utilization and sustainability of the involved facilities.


Indicators Means of Verifications Assumptions Outcome Enhanced sustainable

utilization and increased access to research reactor services and products for the users, including Member States without research reactors.

Specific cases and success stories reported and quantified by the MSs.

Final coordination meeting report.

Each individual RR responds to proposals for potential shared activities by participating in the network. Interest and funding available for joint activities.

Enhanced safety of research reactors and improved networking and coalitions

Level of compliance with the provisions of the Code of Conduct.

INSARR mission reports, meeting reports, coordination meeting reports, self-assessment reports.

Commitment of the Member States.

Strengthened role of research reactors in establishing the technical and safety infrastructures for nuclear power programme

Level of use of research reactors in supporting development of technical and safety infrastructures.

Meeting and mission reports, coordination reports.

Commitment and reactivity of Member States.

Output Consolidated coalitions/networks with concrete areas of joint

Meetings held annually at the regional level and at the subregional level for

Meeting reports MSs are using coalition mechanism to improve own reactor utilization.

11

activities: communication and information shared among institutes, facilities and their users is sustained and improved

the networks.

Improved regional Mo-99 and other radioisotope production capabilities

Increased amount of Mo-99 produced at the end of the project.

Annual reports in participating institutions/facilities.

Availability of additional funding to complement TC funding.

Improved research reactors management and capabilities to offer products and services

Strategic plans for utilization of the research reactors in place. Business plans for commercially driven facilities in place.

Country reports Political decision to grant access to RR to external users from the same or different countries. Financial and other mechanisms in place to provide an incentive to RR to provide more services and products.

Enhanced application of the Code of Conduct on the Safety of RRs and networking of knowledge sharing.

Increased number of MSs adopting the provisions of the Code of Conduct as a main reference for activities on safety of research reactors; number of meetings of Regional Advisory Safety Committee.

Meeting and mission reports, coordination meetings

Reactivity of MSs to take benefits from the IAEA safety review and expert missions, and commitment to implement the recommendations of these missions.

Trained staff in areas related to safety of RRs.

Number of trained staff on different topics on research reactor safety.

Workshops, meetings, training courses and fellowships reports.

Training needs are identified by MSs, availability of host institutes for fellowships, commitment of MSs to get benefits from the knowledge gained from the training.

Trained staff in areas related to utilization and management of RRs.

Number of trained staff on different topics on research reactor management and utilization.

Training reports

Improved use of research reactors for establishing the safety and technical infrastructures in countries embarking on nuclear power programmes.

Concrete activities documented on nuclear power programme stakeholders using research reactor facilities and training programmes.

Meeting reports and coordination meetings

MSs requesting activities on the use of research reactors for nuclear power programme.


6. Supporting Air Quality Management (RER/1/008) 02 New

Objectives: To increase knowledge about the status of atmospheric pollution in the TC Europe Region.





shipsScientific


Contracts Sub-Total

2012 4 500 50 000 16 000 0 40 000 110 500 45 000 0 45 000 155 500

12

2013 3 000 45 000 16 000 0 40 000 104 000 40 000 0 40 000 144 000

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Problem Statement: Project RER/2/005 “Characterizing Seasonal Variations in Elemental Particulate Matter Concentrations in European Urban and Rural Areas under Different Climatic Conditions” was focused on characterization of PM10 fraction in air particulate matter collected at different sites. The collection time was short, limited to two weeks per site and season. Therefore, the number of samples was only sufficient for preliminarily source identification and apportionment methods. Since air pollution studies need to be performed more systematically over an extended period of time, the collection and analysis of samples need to continue in order to generate meaningful and sufficiently large set of analytical data to apply advanced data interpretation methods. Moreover, implementation of the guidelines/recommendations to reduce air pollution requires extensive time and effort before assessment of the effectiveness of the abatement strategies can be performed. A new aspect of the project (Phase II) is related to the recent directives of the European Parliament which requires implementation of PM2.5 particle fraction monitoring. Future activities under the project will require better coordination and cooperation with other national and regional institutions mandatorily involved in air pollution monitoring and air quality management. In addition, the uptake of the data produced by the project needs to be improved and regional databases for PM10 and PM2.5 APM should be established. Further efforts need to be made to study the impact on the human health and the environment including study of transboundary movement of pollution.

Linkages with the regional efforts to address need: The concept is linked to: IAEA-TC document “Strategy for the Technical Cooperation Programme in the Europe Region”, namely to the Europe Regional Profile (ERP): “Isotope and Radiation Technology Applications – including environment, agriculture and industry”. The project will especially contribute towards the achievement of Strategic Objective 2 "To promote inclusive participation of Member States in the Programme" and Strategic Objective 3 "To strengthen partnership". The Europe Regional Profile (ERP) for the TCP in the Europe Region prepared in 2008 identifies four specific thematic sectors as main areas of activity for the region in the medium term, 2009–2013 and "Isotope and Radiation Technology Applications – including environment, agriculture and industry" in one of them.

Past and present country efforts to address the need: Environmental pollution monitoring became mandatory and is performed by dedicated institutions and agencies. New national legislation and European directives require substantial efforts and resources to comply with the requirements and ensure a good air quality. Several past and ongoing regional initiatives aimed at monitoring and improving air quality are promoted by the European Commission, UNEP and WHO.

Past and present support by the IAEA in the same FOA: The TCEU Region received support in the past from the IAEA mainly through two regional projects: RER/8/009 “Air Pollution Monitoring in the Mediterranean Region” (2005-2008) and RER/2/005 (2009-2011) “Characterizing Seasonal Variations in Elemental Particulate Matter Concentrations in European Urban and Rural Areas under Different Climatic Conditions”. The main achievements of these projects thus far are: i) the establishment of a network for air monitoring and the design of remedial strategies with up to date data analyses and proficiency tests where monitoring showed poor air quality have contributed to the efforts in the European region towards air quality improvement and ii) sampling and meteorological stations for the quantitative and qualitative monitoring of Atmospheric Particulate Matter (APM) established in some ten TCEU Member States, respectively.

Role if nuclear technology: Nuclear analytical techniques offer unique opportunities to environmental pollution monitoring and have distinct advantages over conventional methods in this field. First, they provide multielemental data which can be used as fingerprints for various pollution sources. The analytical results generated by these techniques are used for identification and apportionment of the pollution sources. Some models applied to study transboundary movement of pollution require multielemental data.

End users: Environmental pollution monitoring institutions and agencies, public authorities (Ministries of Environment, Ministries of Health), industry, universities, and the public at large.

Partnership: Environmental pollution monitoring institutions and agencies, public authorities (Ministries of Environment, Ministries of Health), industry, universities. Strategic partnership with UNEP and WHO.

Strategy and sustainability: Liaising with UNEP, WHO and other relevant institutions and associations will be maintained throughout the project duration to initiate joint activities among counterparts. This will continue beyond

13

the duration on the project sensu stricto. In-country collaborations among nuclear specialists and air monitoring organizations will be promoted, similarly to what is currently being done under project RER/2/005.


Indicators Means of Verifications Assumptions Outcome Enhanced knowledge, technical

capacities and cooperation on the characterisation and mapping of Atmospheric Particulate Matter (APM) across the Europe Region

% of participating Member States for which APM data has been produced in compliance with international practices and standards. Target: 75%

Country reports and scientific databases

Equipment and facilities available in all Member States

% of participating Member States involved in multidisciplinary initiatives Target: 30%

Country reports

Output Implemented guidelines and standardised procedures

N° of countries in which standard procedure are adopted; Baseline: 5/20 Target: 15/20

Country reports Nil

Improved regional capabilities to apply nuclear analytical techniques for the elemental analysis of APM

% of countries technically able to characterize APM using analytical techniques (e.g., X Ray Fluorescence – XRF, Particle Induced X-ray Emission -PIXE). Baseline: 40% Target: 70%

Country reports

Populated regional database on concentration levels and nature (i.e., chemical and physical characteristics) of APM

N° of countries which provided data to the database; Baseline: 0/20 (at beginning of project) Target: 15/20

Project database Overall data treatment and interpretation coordinated and performed

Established networks of national and regional stakeholders involved in APM monitoring and air quality management

N° of countries in which joint reports involving at least two national stakeholders were produced; Baseline: 0 (at the beginning of the project) Target: 6

Country reports Nil

Preliminary data on transboundary movements and sources of APM in the Region

N° of countries that produced data on transboundary movements of APM; Baseline: 0/20 (at the beginning of the project) Target: 4

Country reports; IAEA reports; international publications.


7. Developing Coordinated Non-Destructive Testing Activities to Comply with International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Codes for Training, Certification and Harmonization (RER/1/009) 18 New

Objectives: Development of coordinated NDT activities in advanced digital radiography techniques to comply with ISO codes requirement for training and certification and harmonization





shipsScientific


Contracts Sub-Total

14

2012 26 130 15 000 23 040 0 25 000 89 170 20 000 0 20 000 109 1702013 17 820 0 30 000 0 50 000 97 820 20 000 0 20 000 117 820

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Problem Statement: To assist the Member States to acquire and enhance the capability to apply advanced Non-destructive Testing and Evaluation Technologies (NDT) with specific reference to nuclear radiation based techniques for increased industrial and environmental safety, productivity and quality management and assurance in industrial and energy-related installations such as nuclear, oil and gas, aviation, automobile and power generating industry including civil engineering.

Linkages with the regional efforts to address need: European Regional Profile for 2009 -2013 stats that Application of the analytical and diagnostic methods in industry, transport and fuel transportation pipes is emerging as one of the most important area for TC cooperation in Europe. Non Destructive Methods (NDT) using gamma and X-ray sources are applied for installation and materials safety control. The fact that the MS have proposed to include NDT related project in the 2012-2013 TC programme has confirmed the great interest to the enhancing of NDT application in the European countries.

Past and present country efforts to address the need: NDT is widely used in the region for quality assurance and component inspection applications. The European Federation for NDT (EFNDT) brings together the resources of the individual national societies and organisations in the field of NDT in Europe to create a more effective and more valuable voice for the NDT industry, the NDT profession, users of NDT and the wider community. EFNDT developed working groups to provide answers to NDT problems in Europe and to establish a European-wide system of personnel qualification.

Past and present support by the IAEA in the same FOA: Several national projects (UZB8002, KAZ8002, TAD8002, GEO8002) were implemented over the last years. The regional project RER8013 "Development of Non-Destructive Testing to Comply with the Requirement of ISO Standards" was initiated as Footnote a/ project in scope of 2007-2008 TC Programme, but was not implemented due to the lack of TC funds. Recently, the need for advanced digital techniques for enhanced inspection speed and resolution and storage possibility has been realised. The new project will promote introduction of advanced digital imaging Radiography and digital detector arrays, and development of quality assurance manuals and regional capability for training, certification and for harmonization of training/certification with ISO standards.

Role if nuclear technology: The role of nuclear technology in NDT is important. X-ray and gamma ray based techniques are useful for detection of defects in components during quality assurance, especially after welding, casting, assembly etc. to ensure manufacturing quality and structural integrity. Film-based X-and gamma radiography is slow and requires large storage space and use of environmentally unfriendly processing chemicals. On the contrary, digital detector array based radiography techniques are very attractive. The project implementation foresee to harmonize quality assurance procedures in establishing new technologies and to improve already existing ones and to evolve training and certification and accredited according to ISO 30, ISO 17024 and ISO 9712.The introduction and use of the relevant ISO standards is on different stage in Europe region, therefore the introduction and harmonization of these quality procedures need joint effort with the coordination of the IAEA.

End users: Potential end-users are the National NDT centres, services and research laboratories (government and/or private industry), national standards institutes and Atomic Energy Authorities. Additional beneficiaries are various industrial, technological and transportation sectors such as metal and heavy metal industry, petrochemical, chemical, utilities and power plants, ship-building and repairs, civil engineering and construction, aircraft industry, railways, etc.

Partnership: European Federation for NDT (EFNDT), NDT Centers and NDT Societies of the European region

Strategy and sustainability: Project implementation will be based on a series of technical meetings (seminars, workshops and Regional training courses) with the involvement of international experts and in close cooperation with the participating governments through their national coordinators. This will introduce an advanced digital Radiography and digital detector arrays techniques, define the status of NDT training and certification in each country, develop a quality assurance manual and determine a structure leading towards harmonization of training/certification with ISO standards.


15

Indicators Means of Verifications Assumptions Outcome Regional regulations for NDT

stakeholders developed and harmonized with ISO 9712 & 17024 code requirements.

Number of national stakeholders applying QA and QC systems as per standards for NDT.

Certifications bodies’ documentation, audit reports.

National stakeholders` interest for regional regulations development and harmonization

Information network among NDT stakeholders in TC Europe region on application of advanced NDT technologies established.

Number of stakeholders (NDT societies, industries, research organizations, end-users) in MS utilizing advanced technologies

Progress countries reports and documentation.

Suitable level of competent human and infrastructure resources available to support the application of advanced NDT technologies.

Improved regional/national capability for training and certification at all levels for NDT personnel enhanced to guarantee industrial, ecological and radiation safety.

Numbers of centers possessing capabilities for training and certification of NDT personnel qualifications on all levels.

Centers documentations and personnel certificates.

Availability of national funds.

Output Regional NDT strategy and database on related norms, standards and regulations (GOST, EN473 COFREN, etc.) for further harmonization with ISO 9712 & 17024 established.

Number of NDT policy documents and database.

Document on NDT policy and reports to IAEA.

National stakeholders` interest in development and approval of the regional strategy.

Information network established and advanced NDT techniques in place.

Number of NDT stakeholders participating in information network. Number of techniques adopted, number of national NDT centers applying advanced techniques.

Documentation and manuals on advanced NDT and complementary technologies

National stakeholders` interest in the information network establishment and application of advanced NDT technologies.

Comprehensive training system and certification bodies’ scheme of NDT personnel in compliance with ISO 9712 & IAEA-TECDOC-628/REV.2 2008 standards established.

Quality of the training system and number of certification centers established.

Experts’ reports, documentation and electronic versions of training materials, etc.).

National stakeholders` interest in regional system establishment. Availability of sufficient funds and qualified experts to perform training and implement procedures.

Trained and certified NDT personnel

Number of professionals trained. Number of certified inspectors of level 2 & 3 and advanced operators.

Certificates and IAEA records.

Availability of certified host institutions.


8. Supporting Radiation Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Materials for Advanced Technology, Environmental and Healthcare Products (RER/1/010) 18 New

Objectives: To develop and promote the application of radiation technologies in nanotechnologies through innovation and effective transition from a resource-based to knowledge-based industry through.the established regional network


Budget: FOOTNOTE-a/ FINANCING

Year Human Resource Components (Euro) Procurement Components (Euro) Total

16

(Euro) Experts Meetings Fellow-ships

Scientific Visits

Training Courses Sub-Total Equipment Sub-

Contracts Sub-Total

2012 18 291 40 000 0 0 30 000 88 291 0 25 000 25 000 113 2912013 22 275 30 000 24 000 0 38 000 114 275 0 0 00 114 275

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Problem Statement: According to ‘Towards a European Strategy for Nanotechnology’, nanotechnology has important implications in the industrial sectors. It particularly highlights medical, information, energy, materials, manufacturing, instrumentation, food, water, the environment and security as key areas. New products based on nanotechnology increasingly emulate nature, and this requires a good understanding of how nature works at the nanoscale. To achieve this, research teams need to be multidisciplinary, where physicists, chemists, biologists and engineers are increasingly working together to find innovative solutions to what might have previously been considered intransigent problems. These scientists and engineers are also engaging actively with other disciplines, such as the humanities, to ensure that new scientific advances are socially acceptable and people friendly. Radiation technology plays key roles in manufacturing of the new nanoscience based materials. Three groups of products could be considered for fabricated by radiation techniques: nanoparticles, nanogels and nanocomposites.In the case of healthcare products application the methods of radiation bases synthesis of nanogels, silver particles (having antibacterial activities), nanoporous membranes and nanofilters based on ion track membranes (for injection fluids filtration),and nanostructured surfaces for tissue engineering have been developed. Regarding environmental protection application, possibility of radiation based engineering of supported metal catalysts like metallic nanoclusters in zeolithes (VOC thermal and EB oxidation), ion exchange resins and sensor materials for pollution monitoring have been developed in the frame of CRPs and other IAEA national programs. Finally, radiation technology including ion implementation is one of the tools to develop nanostructures for photovoltanic applications, nanoporous membranes for fuel cells and lithium-ion batteries. Composites manufactured with the applications of ionizing radiation will find their applications in automotive and aerospace industries. Based on the achievements listed above, this regional project is necessary for transfer of knowledge and technology through partnerships between advanced and developing countries in the region, along with interregional collaboration via participation at relevant nanotechnology events.

Linkages with the regional efforts to address need: The project is linked to European Regional Profile (ERP) for the TCP in the European Region prepared in 2008. It identifies four specific thematic sectors as main areas of activity for the region in the medium term, 2009 -2013. Isotope and Radiation Technology application - including environment, agriculture and industry" is one of them. The project scope falls within the main strategy of regional development approved by the governments of EU MS and other countries of the region. Report on the European Commission's Public Online Consultation "TOWARDS A STRATEGIC NANOTECHNOLOGY ACTION PLAN" (SNAP) and Report “Nanotechnology – a Key Technology for the Future of Europe".

Past and present country efforts to address the need: Nanosciences and Nanotechnologies is one of the priority areas of the European FP7 program and many national programs on this subject are in progress in a number of countries in the European region. A lot of most advanced scientific centres of the region participate in implementation of the above mentioned programs with their radiation processing, testing and analytical equipment. Direct collaboration with industry (especially small and medium-sized enterprises) and the health care sector are established.

Past and present support by the IAEA in the same FOA: The regional project on nanotechnology has been developed and approved for the cycle 2009 - 2011 - RER8014 Supporting Radiation Synthesis and the Characterization of Nanomaterials for Health Care, Environmental Protection. National TC projects were implemented in different MS; POL8020 Use of Ionizing Radiation for the Manufacture and Modification of Nanostructure Materials;TUR8018 Establishment of a Laboratory for Application of Radiation Processing Techniques in Nanostructuring of Polymer;MAL8022 Establishing a Laboratory for the Application of Radiation in Nanotechnology; SAU 8011 Capacity Building for Application of Radiation Processing Techniques in Nanostructuring of Polymers. The proposed project follows up the ongoing project RER8014. The main task for the new period is to develop and promote the application of radiation technologies in nanotechnologies through innovation and effective transition from a resource-based to knowledge-based industry through the established regional network. European excellence in nanosciences must finally be translated into commercially viable products and processes.

Role if nuclear technology: Radiation processing is application of nuclear technology and plays key roles in synthesis, surface modification as well as characterization of advanced materials on the nanoscale and three groups of products could be be fabricated by radiation techniques: nanoparticles, nanogels, and nanocomposites.

17

End users: The beneficiaries of the project will be the general public (since most of the developed nanoproducts are materials for health care and environmental applications), industry (new product manufacturing capacity) and research and development (R&D) institutions (since a large number of centres using radiation technology in nanotechnology will be established and other R&D and academic institutions will obtain radiation-based instruments for research and development).

Partnership: EU - projects in the frame of FP7 & FP8. The 7th Framework Programme does - for the first time - last for seven years and it is structured along four specific programmes: Cooperation, Ideas, People and Capacities. A considerable increase of the budget for nanotechnology is granted, which form part of Theme Four "Nanosciences, nanotechnologies, materials and new production technologies - NMP" within the Cooperation programme, but is addressed by many others Themes and specific programmes. The total budget of FP7 is 50,521 million Euro with 3,467 million Euro for nanotedchnology. Important activities, also for FP7, are Technology Platforms, that bring together companies, research institutions, the financial world and the regulatory authorities at the European level to define a common research agenda which should mobilise a critical mass of - national and European - public and private resources. Within nanotechnology, so far two Technology Platforms are set up: Nanoelectronics and Nanomedicine. Furthermore, the Technology Platform for Sustainable Chemistry SusChem highlights nanomaterials within its New Materials section and the Technology Platform for Industrial Safety ETPIS addresses occupational health and safety in nanotechnology. National projects in the field do exist in all the countries of the region - 31 programme(s) are listed at http://cordis.europa.eu/fetch

Strategy and sustainability: The success of the project relies on the implementation of project activities. These activities are to be carried out through the cooperation and collaboration of research and development institutions, industries, end users, government agencies and safety authorities. Technology transfer through partnerships between advanced and developing countries will be encouraged, along with interregional collaboration via participation at European regional events. The project results sustainability is guaranteed by use radiation technologies for design and production of nano materials for advanced technologies, environment and healthcare products applications in European countries.


Indicators Means of Verifications Assumptions Outcome Increased awareness of the MS in

use of Radiation technology for synthesis and characterization of nano materials for advanced technology, environment and health care products applications

National R&D projects and technology transfer to end users.

Number and project documents. Active involvement in preparation of the projects, promotion of application of radiation technology, addressing of the sustainable country development.

Established regional network of stakeholders to increase/ enhance/implement radiation technology applications in the field of nano technology, acting as a driving force for material technology development for health, environment and energy sectors.

Stake holders involved, network established, developed and/or implemented radiation technologies and products for applications for health, environment and energy sectors.

Number of stake holders involved, Number of procedures and developed technologies.

Interest of stake holders in participation, approval of health care related products by the authorities.

Output Information materials about application radiation technology for synthesis/characterization of nano materials prepared.

Number of booklets and technical materials published. Number of copies distributed among the MS.

Printed materials, circulation size and response from the MS obtained in the written form.

Availability of the results, information and authors.

Trained staff in application of Radiation technology for synthesis and characterization of nano materials.

Number of staff trained, scope of training.

IAEA and participating MS records.

Availability of the host country laboratories equipped in the required irradiators and characterization instruments and interest of MS.

Enhanced interaction between Agency regional projects and EU framework programs.

Participation of national stake holders in EU FP.

Number of stake holders from European countries involved.

Close cooperation between participating countries, active involvement of stake holders in EU projects.

18

New materials and products developed and characterized by radiation technology at regional service plants (accelerator and gamma source based irradiators).

Number and quality of developed manufacturing technologies and new products.

National and international R&D projects liaison with RER on nano developed technologies, technology transfer & number of patents, agreements with SME signed. Papers in technical and scientific journals.

Tangible results and interest from participating laboratories


9. Introducing and Harmonizing Standardized Quality Control Procedures for Radiation Technologies (RER/1/011) 18 New

Objectives: To introduce and harmonise standardised quality control procedures in radiation processing of advanced materials, health care- and environmentally-friendly products





shipsScientific


Contracts Sub-Total

2012 13 065 25 000 0 0 28 000 66 065 15 000 0 15 000 81 0652013 8 910 0 0 0 56 000 64 910 0 10 000 10 000 74 910

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Problem Statement: The use of harmonized quality control procedures in establishing new technologies and to improve existing ones is of basic importance for the successful application of these technologies. The introduction and use of the relevant ASTM and ISO standards is at different levels in this region. Therefore the introduction and harmonization of these quality procedures need joint effort with the coordination by the IAEA. EU and national authorities introduced a new standards and regulations related to health care products, pharmaceuticals and food treatment. Further development in radiation processing without implementation of these regulations is not possible.

Linkages with the regional efforts to address need: European Regional Profile for 2009 -2013 stated that Management System Based on ISO Standards at Irradiation Facilities for sterilization of medical products is emerging as one of the most promising and rapidly expanding fields of Isotope and Radiation Technology Applications Sector. Moreover, this project represents one of the main pillars of the FP 7 Health research - Optimising the delivery of healthcare to European citizens.

Past and present country efforts to address the need: The application of the radiation technologies is one of the priorities areas in scope of EU Framework Programme. Regional activities were initiated and carried out to help the establishment of radiation processing technologies and to check the existing quality control procedures in the region in industrial gamma and electron beam facilities. EU and national authorities introduced a new standards and regulations related to health care products, pharmaceuticals and food treatment and further development in radiation processing.

Past and present support by the IAEA in the same FOA: Regional TC projects in application of the radiation technologies have already been initiated and carried out to help the establishment of radiation processing technologies and to check the existing quality control procedures in the region in industrial gamma and electron

19

beam facilities. RER8010 Regional TC project has already been initiated and carried out to help the establishment of radiation processing technologies and to check the existing quality control procedures in the region in industrial gamma and electron beam facilities. The on-going RER8017 "Enhancing Quality Control Methods and Procedures for Radiation Technology" was initiated in order to enhance European Member State application of standardized quality control methods and procedures for radiation processing of human health products and advanced materials, and to promote the contributions of nuclear technology on human health and environmental protection. The regional approach can most effectively transfer already existing knowledge through various events capable e.g. to train many participants. IAEA has started recently the new TC projects aimed in construction of the new irradiation facilities in AZB, MOL and SLO. Moreover quite a few installations have been established under TC program in many countries of the region (HUN, POL, ROM, CRO, SRB, KAZ, SLO etc.). These installations would be not able to operate without implementation of product and process control, what is enforced by the EU and national laws and regulations.

Role if nuclear technology: Gamma, electron and X-ray technologies will be used for the treatment of products and various chemical and physical dosimetry systems will be applied together with the control of irradiation facility parameters. Radiation technologies have the advantage of saving the environment and decreasing costs in certain applications.

End users: The end users will be the institutions and industrial organizations with operational facilities and those where new or upgraded irradiation facilities will be put into operation. Specifically they are the pharmaceutical, food, car and telecommunication industries, plastic and medical product manufacturers, the medical and environmental protection sectors, state regulatory bodies and trade companies. Due to the wide scope of established radiation processing technologies, the population of the participating regions will benefit from the project as its objectives aim to improveproduct related to human health and promote a cleaner environment.

Partnership: The synergy with EU programs “Action Plan to Further Progress the European Risk Management Strategy”, aimed to achieve high standards of public health protection for all medicines available on the European Union (EU) market, which is the primary objective of the European Risk Management Strategy (ERMS) can be established. Moreover the project is one of the main pillars of FP 7 Health research - Optimizing the delivery of healthcare to European citizens.

Strategy and sustainability: The success of the project relies on the implementation of project activities. These activities are to be carried out through the cooperation and collaboration of research and development institutions, industries, end users, government agencies and safety authorities. Technology transfer through partnerships between advanced and developing countries will be encouraged, along with interregional collaboration via participation at European regional events.The project results sustainability is guaranteed by routine use of new radiation initiated processes; routine production of radiation processed advanced materials; new radiation processing plants constructed or upgraded; increased volume of health care products treated in accordance to QC in the participating Member States; advanced international trade for health care products; implementation and increased technology transfer; and use of harmonized, standardized QC methods in process control and establishment of national standard regulations.


Indicators Means of Verifications Assumptions Outcome Increased capability of

national stakeholders in QC/QA harmonized with international regulations in radiation processing management.

Number of national stakeholders applying QA and QC systems as per standards for radiation processing; Number of accredited laboratories in MS.

National stakeholders` reports; Accreditation documents.

National stakeholders` interest for accreditation of quality control laboratories and existence of national organization for accreditation

Enhanced capability of national stakeholders in provision of feasibility studies for new radiation facilities and technologies.

Number of feasibility studies for new radiation facilities and technologies prepared.

Feasibility study reports. National stakeholders` interest in developing radiation technology; Availability of national funds.

Output Guidance materials and protocols for QC/QA in radiation processing management elaborated and introduced.

Number of guidance materials and protocols for QC/QA management prepared.

Issued QC/QA documents. International standards related to QA/QC management in radiation technology available in MS.

Standardized procedures for QC/QA in radiation processing management in place.

Number of standard protocols prepared

Prepared quality manuals. Experts for guidance development available.

20

Guidance for feasibility study for new facilities and technologies elaborated and adopted.

Number of guidance for feasibility study for new radiation facilities and technologies adopted.

Prepared guidance materials.

Availability of experts.

Trained personnel. Number of professionals trained.

Reports and IAEA records. Staff available for training, Availability of qualified trainers and host institutions


10. Supporting Advanced Plasma Technologies to Prevent Pollution and Control Emissions (RER/1/012) 18 New

Objectives: To disseminate knowledge and to elaborate the techno-economical comparison on advanced plasma technologies for pollutants emission control to prevent water/air pollution and climate changes and to contribute to the implementation of the goals of UN Millennium and EU 20/20/20 programs.





shipsScientific


Contracts Sub-Total

2012 0 41 780 0 0 35 000 76 780 0 30 000 30 000 106 7802013 19 602 42 180 0 0 45 000 106 782 0 0 00 106 782

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Problem Statement: Since the problems related to environmental pollution does not recognize borders, their solutions need to be tackled regionally. The strategic approach for international collaboration on pollution control and remediation includes identification of the problem,and fostering of major cooperation between countries in the region for developing the best solution. The main objective of this collaboration will be to support knowledge dissemination on available technologies,and establishment of MS network in the field of the technology development on the basis of established R&D&T center.

Linkages with the regional efforts to address need: European Regional Profile for 2009 -2013 stated that the pollution control and its minimization is a transnational request of all European countries and a strategic aim of the EU in the region and is emerging as one of the most promising and rapidly expanding fields of R&D. This is also reflected in the increasing tightening of the exhaust emission standards.

Past and present country efforts to address the need: The application of the advanced electron beam and electric fields generated plasmas technologies for pollutant emission control is one of the priorities areas in scope of EU FP 7 Specific Program for 'Cooperation'. EU and national authorities introduced a new standards and regulations related to pollutants emission control to prevent water/air pollution and climate changes in the European region. Since the pollution control and its minimization is transboundary problem, therefore regional cooperation has added value. Several most advanced scientific centers of the region participate/collaborate in implementation of the above mentioned programs with their accelerators, testing and analytical equipment. Direct collaboration with industry and the environmental protection sector for multi-component air/water pollution control are establishing.

21

Past and present support by the IAEA in the same FOA: Several national and regional project were devoted to introduction of the EBFGT. In the cycle 2009-2011 under IAEA/UNIDO program (RER8011), standard feasibility study has been prepared. The new project should increase awareness of the MS in the use of advanced electron beam and electric fields generated plasmas for pollutant emission control in order to respond to global challenges. It represents an ambitious commitment to combat air/water pollution, which couses environmental degradation,adverse effects on human health and climate change.

Role if nuclear technology: The main component of this radiation technology are advanced electron beam and electric fields generated plasma power accelerators. Successful application of these techniques have already been demonstrated in flue gas and waste water treatments, as well as for sewage sludge hygienization. The advantage of the nuclear techniques over non-nuclear ones are: 1.no addition of toxic chemicals; 2.no waste generated; 3.useful byproducts produced, or the possibility for re-use of the cleaned wastewater. These methods can be used to complement non-nuclear techniques.

End users: The general public and environment will benefit from the technology implementation. Industry, like power plants and other companies using thermal processes (metallurgical industries, refineries, municipal waste incinerators etc). SME and other companies producing air pollution control equipment.

Partnership: The project is directly linked to EU FP 7 program, objective of the Environment Theme (according to FP7 Specific Programme for 'Cooperation'): To promote sustainable management of the natural and human environment and its resources by advancing our knowledge on the interactions between the biosphere, ecosystems and human activities, and developing new technologies, tools and services, in order to address in an integrated way global environmental issues. Emphasis will be put on prediction of climate, ecological, earth and ocean systems changes, on tools and on technologies for monitoring, prevention and mitigation of environmental pressures and risks including on health and for the sustainability of the natural and man-made environment.

Strategy and sustainability: The success of the project relies on the implementation of project activities. These activities are to be carried out through the cooperation and collaboration of research and development institutions, industries, end users, government agencies and safety authorities. Technology transfer through partnerships between advanced and developing countries will be encouraged, along with interregional collaboration via participation at European regional events. The project results sustainability is guaranteed by routine use of new electron beam and electric fields generated plasmas technologies for pollutant emission control in industry/power generataion.


Indicators Means of Verifications Assumptions Outcome Increased awareness of the MS

in use of advanced electron beam and electric fields generated plasmas pollutant emission control technologies in order to respond to global challenges and ambitious commitment to combating air/water pollution causing environment degradation, human health diverse effects and climate change.

•Number of national R&D projects and technology transfer to end users. •Number of stake holders involved, network established, number of developed and/or implemented plasma technologies.

•Project documents. •Counterparts reports, contracts.

•Active involvement in preparation of the projects, promotion of application of plasma technology, addressing the sustainable country development. •Interest of stake holders in participation, approval of the processes by environmental authorities.

Output Information materials promoted and published

Number of booklets and technical materials published. Number of copies distributed among the MS.

Printed materials, circulation size and response from the MS obtained in the written form.

Availability of the results, information and authors.

Techno - economical studies/reports in application of the advanced plasma technologies to prevent air/water pollution and climate changes in comparison with conventional technologies features.

Participation of national stake holders in regional international environmental programs (UN, UNEP, UNDP, EU FP, etc.). Number and quality of review reports.

IAEA and participating MS records. Number of stake holders from region involved.

Close cooperation between participating countries, active involvement of stake holders in regional environmental projects. Tangible results and interest from participating stakeholders.

Trained staff in the field of development and implementation of advanced electron beam and electric

Number of staff trained, scope of training.

National and international R&D projects liaison with RER on advanced plasma technologies, technology transfer & number of

Member states nominate appropriate trainees. Availability of host institutions and qualified

22

fields generated plasma technologies.

patents, agreements with stake holders signed. Papers in technical and scientific journals.

trainers.


11. Establishing a Safety Infrastructure for a National Nuclear Power Programme (RER/2/006) 05 New

Objectives: To contribute to develop or reinforce the safety infrastructure of countries embarking in a nuclear power programme by completing national programmes with harmonized regional activities following IAEA DS424 road-map





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Contracts Sub-Total

2012 0 100 000 0 0 40 000 140 000 0 0 0 140 0002013 20 000 155 000 0 17 000 40 000 232 000 0 0 0 232 0002014 0 170 000 0 17 000 0 187 000 0 0 0 187 0002015 0 135 000 0 17 000 50 000 202 000 0 0 0 202 000Blank




shipsScientific


Contracts Sub-Total

2012 0 60 000 0 0 40 000 100 000 0 0 00 100 0002013 0 95 000 0 0 0 95 000 0 0 00 95 0002014 0 35 000 0 0 20 000 55 000 0 0 00 55 000

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Problem Statement: One of the many challenges for a country embarking on a nuclear power programme is to build the safety infrastucture, both in operating organisations and nuclear regulatory bodies. The IAEA has prepared a safety guide a roadmap for the implementation of safety infrastructure for nuclear power compatible with the recommendations and guidance contained in the IAEA safety standards. The draft safety guide, which has already been approved by the IAEA Safety Standards Committee, has been labelled until final publication as "DS 424. Nuclear Safety Infrastructure". The project is intended to support the development of a safety infrastructure for nuclear power following the road map established in DS 424 to the point of milestone 2.

Linkages with the regional efforts to address need: This project is directly connected to priority sector 1 (nuclear and radiation safety/nuclear installation safety/nuclear safety infrastructure) and 2 (nuclear energy/nuclear power planning and introduction) of the European Regional Profile for 2009 - 2013. Besides, it is in line with Core Value "Safety, Security and Non-proliferation" of the Strategy for the Technical Cooperation Programme in the Europe region.

23

Past and present country efforts to address the need: There have been no regional efforts in the past to address the need. This project will be the first attempt to provide support to the development of a nuclear safety infrastructure for nuclear safety following a systematic approach, as set down in Draft IAEA Safety Guide 424 "Nuclear Safety Infrastructure" (in publishing). DS 424 represents a bridge between NG-G-3.1 "Milestones in the development of a national infrastructure for nuclear power"and the IAEA Safety Standards.

Past and present support by the IAEA in the same FOA: In previous TC cycles, developing general nuclear power infrastructure has been supported through various regional TC projects, in particular project RER/0/029 - Supporting the Introduction of Nuclear Energy (phase II) - as well as various national projects dealing with this subject. In addition, a number of TC regional and national projects were aimed to contribute developing general safety infrastructure, but not specifically for nuclear power.

Role if nuclear technology: This project is intrinsically aimed at nuclear technology.

End users: Immediate users of this project will be the regulatory bodies, their technical support organizations and the operating organizations of new nuclear power plants of participating countries. The end users as such will be the society at large, which will enjoy of a safer use of nuclear energy.

Partnership: Potential partners for the project are the European Commission (for MS eligibles for cooperation under the Instrument of Nuclear Safety Cooperation and/or the Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance) and the US Department of State under the Peaceful Uses Initiative

Strategy and sustainability: The strategy of the project follows closely the road-map of DS424. The project will enjoy from past experiences gained from other TC projects e.g. RER9096 to support MSs in drafting regulations with IAEA support. Besides, the project counteparts involve both countries seeking assistance and countries ready to contribute with their experience to assist other countries in improving the present status of their nuclear safety infrastructure. The involvement of the two types of countries will enhance regional cooperation and it is an effective way of using the resources available in the region.


Indicators Means of Verifications Assumptions Outcome Safety infrastructures for

nuclear power in place and in compliance with the IAEA Safety Standards as recommended in Milestone 2 (prepared to call for a bid) of DS424 ”Establishing a safety infrastructure for a national nuclear power programme”

At least 50% of project participants have reached milestone 2 and the rest completed milestone 1 and are on their way to reach milestone 2 soon after the termination of the project.

State reports and information; Experts reports; IAEA review of the development of the national safety infrastructure through IRRS and INIR missions (with a specific module for safety infrastructure)

Participating MSs have decided to establish a nuclear power programme and committed the efforts necessary to develop a national safety infrastructure (i.e. permanent State budget line, governmental infrastructure and communication lines between players…); Participating MS have in operation a national TC project TC to develop a nuclear power infrastructure to complement the activities within the scope of the regional project (note: countries that will request participation after commencement of the project will revise the CPF at the first available opportunity and are expected to participate only when the activities are relevant to the national status of development of the safety infrastructure)

Output Government and decision-making bodies of participating countries have put in place measures and taken appropriate actions to enable the establishment of a nuclear infrastructure as required in milestone 2

Number of MS which have established a governmental infrastructure for nuclear safety of a nuclear power programme in accordance with DS424

State reports; Expert reports; IRRS/INIR missions; SAT/RASIMS general information; Self-assessment for nuclear safety infrastructure

The Government is committed to enable the establishment of a safety infrastructure, including the provision of appropriate funding and staffing; A self-assessment tool for DS424 road-map exists and the MS have implemented the self-assessment; MS have completed a SAT and keep updated RASIMS

Regulatory Bodies of participating countries with a nuclear safety

Number of MS which have reached for a regulatory as

State reports; Expert reports; IRRS/INIR missions; SAT/RASIMS general

The regulatory bodies are willing and committed to adjust the existing infrastructure to that required to

24

infrastructure as required in milestone 2

required in milestone 2 of DS424

information; Self-assessment for nuclear safety infrastructure

reach milestone 2; A self-assessment tool for DS424 road-map exists and the MS have implemented the self-assessment; MS have completed a SAT and keep updated RASIMS

Operating Organization of participating countries with a nuclear safety infrastructure as required in milestone 2

Number of MS which have established an operating organization prepared to address the safety requirements of nuclear power programme as required in milestone 2 of DS424

State reports; Expert reports; IRRS/INIR missions; SAT/RASIMS general information; Self-assessment for nuclear safety infrastructure

The Government has put in place an operating organization in the participating countries; A self-assessment tool for DS424 road-map exists and the MS have implemented the self-assessment; MS have completed a SAT and keep updated RASIMS


12. Enhancing Nuclear Power Infrastructures for Countries Considering Developing or Expanding Nuclear Power Programmes (RER/2/007) 05 New

Objectives: To contribute to energy security in the participating Member States by strengthening capacities in considering, developing or expanding nuclear power programmes.





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Contracts Sub-Total

2012 5 000 30 000 0 0 60 000 95 000 0 0 0 95 0002013 0 105 000 0 0 45 000 150 000 0 0 0 150 000Blank




shipsScientific


Contracts Sub-Total

2012 19 000 25 000 0 0 150 000 194 000 0 0 00 194 0002013 21 000 25 000 0 0 150 000 196 000 40 000 0 40 000 236 000

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Problem Statement: Current driver for developing nuclear power programmes is as a result of increasing energy demand, climate change concerns, economics considerations and insurance against future energy prices. Therefore, many countries in Europe are approaching the IAEA for support for the introduction of nuclear power. In addition, there is a request from several countries in the region for the IAEA support to ensure smooth coordination for the introduction and expansion of NP in those countries. During the last few years through the regular budget programme, the Agency has provided substantial support for infrastructure development and pre-feasibility studies for the introduction of nuclear power to those Member States that requested it. Those projects and activities currently guide Member States throughout the process of evaluating the nuclear option and assessing their overall

25

infrastructure, including international legal instruments, legal and regulatory framework, liability issues, energy planning, stakeholder involvement and public communications strategies, setting requirements, human resources development, etc. This project is intended to support development of nuclear power infrastructures including planning, building and assessing a nuclear power infrastructure for the introduction and expansion of nuclear power in Europe region. This would include strategy development, feasibility, financing, nuclear power infrastructure programme management which related to the 19 issues identified in the Milestone document. In particular, the regional project would be: • Supporting Integrated Management System and Human Resources, as cross-cutting enabler from feasibility studies to NPP operation; • Improving Workforce Planning, Stakeholder Engagement and Knowledge Management; • Providing Member States with technical capabilities to effectively use the tools and expertise gained through IAEA support for selecting the various available nuclear reactor designs and their application for electric and non-electric applications. • Supporting newcomer countries on how to build the required safety and security infrastructure.

Linkages with the regional efforts to address need: The Europe Regional Profile (ERP) for the TCP in the Europe Region prepared in 2008 identifies four specific thematic sectors as main areas of activity for the region in the medium term, 2009–2013. Nuclear and Radiation Safety is the first priority. CPF of most of the countries mentioned above

Past and present country efforts to address the need: Several countries in Europe established national nuclear power programmes and also took part in regional activities. They are now considering having an INIR missions to verify the level of their readiness for the nuclear power programme, e.g. Albania, Belarus, Lithuania, Poland and Turkey.

Past and present support by the IAEA in the same FOA: This project is a follow-up of the regional project RER/0/029 and its predecessor RER/0/026 where IAEA organised a series of activities on issues related to the nuclear power infrastructure building. Support to Member States that are considering or developing nuclear power has been provided by the Agency for many years. Since 2008, the Agency's role has increased significantly as the number of Member States requesting assistance has increased. In response, the IAEA has developed a series of new guidance documents, most notably NG-G-3.1, Milestones in the Development of a National Infrastructure for Nuclear Power and follow-on documents. The newly formed Integrated Nuclear Infrastructure Group (INIG) coordinates Agency support to Member States in the area of nuclear power infrastructure development. This regional project has been developed under the guidance of INIG and represents an integrated approach to providing Member States with the most efficient, effective, and comprehensive services from the Agency. Because of this, all relevant departments will be involved in the activities to ensure the continuation of past support and to ensure that the current and future support encompasses all of the relevant information necessary to support Member States.

Role if nuclear technology: Nuclear Power infrastructure activities. Nuclear is therefore the core activity of the project.

End users: Immediate beneficiaries will be decision makers and service users. The ultimate end users are the societies who will be benefiting from the availability of energy.

Partnership: EU, FORATOM

Strategy and sustainability: The project will provide the series of training activities, workshops, support of member state strategy development, fellowships, and scientific visits. As such, the activities are discreet and relatively independent and inherently sustainable for the length of the project. For long term sustainability, the project will promote the indigenization of the concepts, strategies, and approaches so that they become part of the member states policies in their nuclear planning and development programs.


Indicators Means of Verifications Assumptions Outcome Increased national

capacities and capabilities in the participating MSs in areas relevant for the introduction or expansion of nuclear power.

Number of MSs that have progressed in their decision making and implementation efforts.

Governmental statements in MSs and/or the results of independent assessments.

Nuclear power is a viable option and the country is capable to embark/expand nuclear power programme.

Output Initial planning and preparatory documents for nuclear power programs in

Existence of initial planning and preparatory documents

Statements made by Member States, press releases, official publications, mission reports

Accessibility of MSs information

26

the participating MSs developed and in place.

related to nuclear power programme.

Sustained regional cooperation, experience exchange, group trainaing and knowledge sharing among the participating MSs on issues related to NP Programme.

Number of regional cooperation initiatives, workshops and training courses, total number of training man-hours.

Meeting reports and Agency documents.

Willingness of MS to take ownership of their nuclear infrastructure development activities and to share experiences with partners. Participants of regional activities are able to share knowledge within their country.

Staff trained to high proficiency level in infrastructure issues related to the NP Programme (footnote/a funding - PUI)

Number of professionals trained.

Fellowship / SV reports, training evaluations.

Trained staff involved in the national NP Programmes.

Major inputs (items with a cost of over Euro 150,000) Description Amount

Extended training for professional staff involved in nuclear power programme

150 000

Extended training for professional staff involved in nuclear power programme

150 000

13. Strengthening Regulatory Capabilities for Licensing and Overseeing New Designs of Generation III and III+ Nuclear Power Plants (RER/2/008) 05 New

Objectives: To strengthen regulatory capabilities to license new designs of nuclear power plants up until routing operation





shipsScientific


Contracts Sub-Total

2012 0 150 000 0 0 50 000 200 000 0 0 0 200 0002013 20 000 180 000 0 0 100 000 300 000 0 0 0 300 000

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Problem Statement: Several MSs in Europe region plan to construct new nuclear power plants (NPP) in next five to ten years. With all probability, the design of the new plants to be constructed will incorporate operational features that belong to the so-called generation III or III+ fleet of reactors. These MSs are in the process of reinforcing their nuclear safety infrastructure, and in most cases will also include changes to the regulatory framework as necessary. In Europe region, there has been no construction of new NPPs for many years (with the exception of Finland and France) and the national regulatory capabilities for reviewing and assessing license applications of NPP have been partially diminished or was not sufficiently built at the beginning. This is particularly the case for the independent regulatory assessment and oversight of safety during site evaluation, construction and commissioning of new NPPs. The existing gaps need to be filled up. The project will focus on identifying the key features and characteristics of Generation III and III+ NPPs in order to identify possible regulatory challeges and address them early in the process. In particular, the project will address, inter alia, a) essential issues connected to licensing reactor design and plant construction; b) generic aspects of design review and assessment (assessment of compliance with relevant safety

27

standards); c) review of recent regulatory experience; d) applicability of current IAEA safety standards and harmonisation of safety requirements; e) standardisation/harmonisation of generic safety requirements vs. national reality; f) regulatory assessment of key features, including, but not limited to, passive safety, instrumentation & control, probabilistic safety assessment, safety analysis of accidents & transients, severe accident management, emergency zoning and external hazards. Available experiences of on-going ventures for harmonize licensing requirements and processes, like the Multinational Design Evaluation Programme (MDEP) and the work carried out by the European Utilities Requirements (EUR) and the Western European Nuclear Regulator Association (WENRA), will be closely followed and analyzed a view of make Generation III/III+ NPP a reality in Europe soon.

Linkages with the regional efforts to address need: This project is directly connected to priority sector 1 (nuclear and radiation safety: nuclear installation safety/nuclear safety infrastructure)and 2 (nuclear energy/nuclear power planning and introduction) of the European Regional Profile for 2009 - 2013. Besides, it is in line with Core Value "Safety, Security and Non-proliferation" of the Strategy for the Technical Cooperation Programme in the Europe region.

Past and present country efforts to address the need: So far, there have been no regional efforts in relation to the subject matter. A regional approach is necessary because the project draws on the existing experience of MS operating Generation II NPPs and is aimed to share knowledge and harmonize safety and licensing criteria to face the challenges ahead in an effective and efficient manner.

Past and present support by the IAEA in the same FOA: Support to MS in improving safety regulatory infrastructure is a continuous priority activity of the TC Programme. The support provided over the time by the IAEA under the TCP has been instrumental for MS of Europe region to constantly improve the regulatory infrastructure. As of today, many MS of Europe regional have achieved a remarkable safety regulatory infrastructure for overseeing safety of nuclear power plants and to ensure its safe operation. Most past regional TC projects in this field have focused on the safety of the existing reactors, including life extension; however, there is a clear need to move ahead by enlarging the scope of the projects to address matters connected to the licensing of new reactor designs within the boundaries of the so-called Generation III/III+ NPP designs.


End users: Immediate users of this project will be the regulatory bodies and their technical support organizations. The end users as such will be the society at large, which will enjoy of a safer use of nuclear power.

Partnership: Potential partners for the project are the European Commission (in particular for MSs eligible for cooperation under the Instrument of Nuclear Safety Cooperation and/or the Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance), the OCDE/NEA, WENRA and EUR.

Strategy and sustainability: The strategy of the project foresees a progressive implementation of its activities driven by the learning curve of the safety features of new designs, the analysis of its impact in the licensing procedures and regulatory framework and lessons learned. A part of the project activities will aim to foster cooperation between participants for sharing licensing experience and regulatory criteria and process.


Indicators Means of Verifications Assumptions Outcome Improved regulatory knowledge

transfer and best practices shared among Member States with emphasis on licensing generation III/III+ NPPs and areas identified for further harmonizing regulatory requirements vis-à-vis IAEA safety standards and other international best practices

# of MS with developed list of differences between IAEA standards, WENRA Safety Levels and Principles and their national situations

State reports Reports from regional coordination meetings

Participating MS have existing NP programmes or advanced and validated plans to construct a new generation NPP

Strategy in place to address regulatory infrastructure enhancements needed to license a new reactor design and consideration of trends and best practices

# of MS that have an action plan to address regulatory trends/best practices

State reports Reports from regional coordination meetings

Participating MS committed to implement the strategy to address regulatory challenges

Output Project participant familiar with regulatory trends/best practices, safety standards, requirements and new safety features associated with

# of project participants which have in place an action plan to reconcile the existing licensing

State reports Experts reports

Participants committed to put in place the action plan

28

recent licensing experience of Gen III and III+ designs

requirements to those necessary for Gen III/III+

Project participants trained on advance matters of design review and construction oversight

# of project participants which have prepared a staff competence development programmes to address challenges associated to licensing Gen III/III+ designs


Participants committed to implement the staff competence development programmes vis-à-vis their national programmes to build new NPP

Knowledge and experience shared on harmonization of safety requirements for Generation 3/3+ new builds upon the basis of international initiatives

# of cooperation agreements (i.e. MoU) between participating MS aimed to harmonize licensing practices among certain project participants


Participants committed to cooperate with other MS within the region

MS developed national strategy for regulatory infrastructure modifications to support licensing III and III+ designs in Europe

# of MS with draft action plan to reconcile the existing regulatory infrastructure to license Gen III/III+ designs


Participants committed to put in place the action plan


14. Strengthening Capabilities for Nuclear Power Plant Lifetime Management for Long Term Operation (RER/2/009) 06 New

Objectives: Harmonisation of approaches including best practices and input data assessment of NPP safety important components and regimes for long term operation and aging management.





shipsScientific


Contracts Sub-Total

2012 20 000 160 000 0 0 30 000 210 000 0 0 0 210 0002013 22 500 180 000 0 0 65 000 267 500 0 0 0 267 500

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Problem Statement: Long-term operation (LTO) and ageing management is vital for GEN II NPPs. Most of the countries are using national codes and practices. National codes and approaches differ in details which could result in significantly different LTO results. Further harmonisation process is needed quickly. Recent results of such harmonisation are published in the IAEA-TECDOC-1627 (2010) on the PTS Good Practices for Assessments. Similar conclusion was reached by the EUG (End User Group) of the EC project NULIFE. Therefore, several gaps have to be bridged in original Soviet/Russian Codes and Rules for WWER type NPPs (key regional reactor type ), as these codes were developed only for design and manufacturing and were not changed since their second edition in 1989. VERLIFE Procedure is based on these Russian codes but incorporates also new developments in research, mainly in fracture mechanics, and also some principal approaches used in PWR codes. Upgrading/updating of the VERLIFE procedure is prepared together with the extension by (at least) following procedures: - Leak-before-break concept for WWER NPPs; - Reduction of Probability of Break procedure for evaluation of integrity of high-energy

29

piping in NPPs of WWER-440 and WWER-1000 types; - Lifetime of reactor pressure vessel internals; - Risk informed In-service inspection implementation process and organization; - Methodology for Qualification of In-Service Inspection Systems for WWER Nuclear Power Plants; - Component and piping supports; - Monitoring and evaluation of erosion-corrosion damage in piping materials. It implies the provision of requisite conditions under which LTO is being ensured with sufficient care to be taken be the Member States to participate in the project (the CANDU case (Romania) will be addressed separately but still in a manner harmonised with the other regional Member States involving sharing best practices and incorporating the lessons learnt from the other involved participants into NPP operation practices).

Linkages with the regional efforts to address need: The Europe Regional Profile (ERP) for the TCP in the Europe Region prepared in 2008 identifies four specific thematic sectors as main areas of activity for the region in the medium term, 2009–2013. Nuclear and Radiation Safety is the first priority. NULIFE and VERLIFE

Past and present country efforts to address the need: EC FP 6 project VERLIFE and NULIFE projects. VERLIFE Procedure is based on these Russian codes but incorporates also new developments in research, mainly in fracture mechanics, and also some principal approaches used in PWR codes.Several gap needs to be addressed soon: Reactor Pressure Vessel (RPV) main circulating nozzle assessments for pressure tubes (PT) including ultrasonic testing (UT) qualification, termohydraulic analysis as well as fracture toughness data. Integrity assessments of large heterogeneous welds including the input material properties and environmental effects such stress corrosion cracking (SCC).

Past and present support by the IAEA in the same FOA: IAEA have successfully performed several Coordinated Research Projects on RPV and RPV Integrity. VERLIFE Procedure is based on these Russian codes but incorporates also new developments in research, mainly in fracture mechanics, and also some principal approaches used in PWR codes. To assure that VERLIFE Procedure will remain a living document, a new three-year IAEA project (in close co-operation with the another project 6th Framework Program of the European Union “NULIFE – Plant Life Management of NPPs”) was begun in 2009.

Role if nuclear technology: The project aims at improvement of the safety of the existing nuclear technology.

End users: The implied end-users of the project outcomes are staff of the nuclear power plants operated in the region, technical support organisations (TSO) and engineering institutes as well as that of the respective regulatory bodies.

Partnership: There are no expressed partners to the project at the time of the project development. However, several may join the project activities in one or another role (co-funder, event hosts, training providers, etc). Besides interested organisations from China and India may be involved into project events with necessary funding to come from Asia&Pacific regional funding.

Strategy and sustainability: The project counteparts involve both countries seeking assistance and countries ready to contribute with their experience to help other countries to tweak their national lifetime extension programmes to internationally tried appoaches and the country's national specificities. The involvement of the two types of countries will enhance regional cooperation and will be an effective way of using the resources available in the region.


Indicators Means of Verifications Assumptions Outcome NPP safety enhanced Results of PSR

Performance Indicators (PIs) # of extension years

Periodic Safety Review SALTO mission reports WS technical proceedings Training course material

Government’s willingness to go ahead with lifetime extension Operator’s decision to go ahead with lifetime extension

Performance in NPP lifetime improved

Results of PSR Performance Indicators (PIs) # of extension years


Lifetime extension and refurbishment performed

Results of PSR Performance Indicators (PIs) # of extension years


Output Strategies for NPP maintenance, operation and training prepared

NPP-specific indicators

NPP license documentation Maintenance procedures

Government’s willingness to go ahead with lifetime

30

Training materials extension Operator’s decision to go ahead with lifetime extension

License extension procedures in place through periodic safety review (PSR), including gap analysis of regulatory requirements among countries

# of extension nuclear power plant # of on-going processing nuclear power plants for life extensions

NPP license documentation

Plant performance improved through Plant Life Management (PLiM)

Performance Indicators (PIs)

Maintenance procedures Training materials

Ageing management programmes (AMP) developed for long term operation with screening and scoping for safety important System structure and components(SSCs)

NPP-specific indicators Results of PSR

Ageing management programme (AMP)

Operator’s decision to go ahead with lifetime extension

Best practices in place for PLiM approaches

NPP-specific indicators Results of PSR

Training materials


15. Supporting Coordinated Control of Transboundary Animal Diseases with Socioeconomic Impact and that Affect Human Health (RER/5/016) 22 New

Objectives: To reduce transboundary disease incidence in livestock and livestock products in the Euro-Asian Region





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Contracts Sub-Total

2012 19 500 25 000 0 0 70 000 114 500 39 200 0 39 200 153 7002013 3 500 60 000 0 0 20 000 83 500 31 000 0 31 000 114 500Blank




shipsScientific


Contracts Sub-Total

2013 0 75 000 0 0 0 75 000 0 0 00 75 000

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Problem Statement: The livestock sector plays a major role for the economy of Eastern Europeam countries especially for rural areas. The region is also rich in wildlife, including ungulates that often carry infectious diseases. In the course of their seasonal migrations, they often come into contact with local livestock. According to the OIE, a number of outbreaks of transboundary animal diseases (TADs) occurred in the region in the recent years, including food and mouth disease (FMD), highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI), sheep and goat pox, African and classical swine fever and peste de petits ruminants. In addition, the movement of livestock due to international trade has led to the emergence or re-emergence of several transboundary animal diseases in the region. Both domestic

31

animals and wildlife are often implicated as the source of human infection; hence transboundary animal diseases can also be of concern to public health institutions. International trade and travel in the region may thus be restricted due to these diseases. Zoonotic diseases and parasitic diseases affect thousands of people in the region each year. It is vital therefore that a regional network is created, capable of providing early and rapid disease diagnosis to ensure rapid information dissemination on outbreaks and effective control measures against transboundary animal diseases through a regional co-operative project. This will focus on the establishment / upgrade of appropriate diagnostic capacities by technology transfer, facilitate the communication between the designated laboratories and the competent authorities within and between participating countries and co-operative field activities like surveillance. Furthermore, there is a lack of communication and collaboration between stakeholders in human health, veterinary and food sectors at both the national and regional level. Thus, the proposed project also intends to establish a regional training system for animal and public health specialists and the organisation of joint workshops/symposiums/conferences.

Linkages with the regional efforts to address need: The concept is linked to: • IAEA-TC document “Strategy for the Technical Cooperation Programme in the Europe Region”, namely to the Europe Regional Profile (ERP): “Isotope and Radiation Technology Applications – including environment, agriculture and industry”. • FAO document “Implementation of the Programme of Work and Budget 2010-11 and Areas of Priority Actions for the European Region for the Following Biennium 2012-2013” under strategy B “Increased Sustainable Livestock Production".

Past and present country efforts to address the need: In the Europe Region, there have been and there are a number of initiatives in the field of control and detection of transboundary animal diseases. These include: i) regional initiatives to control and eventually eradicate diseases (e.g. projects coordinated by the FAO-OIE Crisis Management Centre/Animal Health; CMC-AH), ii) national and regional initiatives to prevent disease incursion into free areas (e.g., joint EC-FAO programme to prevent entry of the Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) into Western Europe, and iii) stamping out outbreaks occurring in previously free countries (e.g., relevant actions of the Global Early Warning System [GLEWS] Platform managed by the FAO, OIE and the WHO).

Past and present support by the IAEA in the same FOA: The projects builds on the achievements of the IAEA TC project RER/5/015 "Supporting Early Warning and Surveillance of Avian Influenza Infection in Wild and Domestic Birds and Assessing Genetic Markers for Bird Resistance" (2009-2011). Project RER/5/015 contributed to facilitate and upgrade the technology transfer of nuclear and nuclear related methods for Avian Influenza (AI) in the counterpart laboratories. Moreover, it has demonstrated the effectiveness of tracing the pathways of migratory birds using stable isotope analysis. The outstanding outcome of the latter thus far is that all participating countries are now reporting to the World Animal Health Organization (OIE) the presence or absence of Avian Influenza in the region, thereby reducing the risk that humans face from this disease.

Role if nuclear technology: The project relies of on the complementary use of the following nuclear and conventional techniques: Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification-PCR (LAMP-PCR), Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assays (ELISA), DNA sequencing and isotope analysis.

End users: Decision makers and health services in animal and public health sectors in each counterpart country; local herders/farmers/veterinary/food safety and public health employers; and the public at large.

Partnership: Strategic partnership with FAO and with the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE). All countries will be encouraged to apply for continuous information exchange at the existing global OIE-FAO network (OFFLU) in order to keep their level of knowledge up-to-date. This should be one of the expected outcomes for all participating countries.

Strategy and sustainability: The strategies to achieve the project objectives are detailed in the project workplan. For instance, regular thematic workshops involving mainly project counterparts are foreseen, as well as continuous reporting and reviewing of all activities (in line with IAEA requirements). This way of communication enables timely detection of eventual gaps and application of corrective measures on implementation activities.


Indicators Means of Verifications Assumptions Outcome Enhanced control and

prevention of TADs in the Europe Region

% of correct outbreak notifications from participating Member States leading to timely response; Target: 50%

OIE reports and website Increase in disease notification;

32

Output Improved capabilities in Member States to perform early and rapid disease diagnosis of targeted TADs by standardized diagnostic procedures

N° of new diagnostic methods implemented in Member States laboratories; Target: 2 diseases/ lab N° of countries with adopted standard procedure; Target: 10/15

Reports of MS labs; annual reports

Participants countries are committed to work in collaboration

Enhanced capacities of the veterinary systems to respond to TADs

Time of response to selected TAD alerts; Baseline: 3-5 days; Target: Time of response - 2 days in >/= 5 Member States; N° of Member States with coordinated contingency plans;

Member States reports Commitment of participating countries

Networks of local experts, veterinaries, breeders and farmes established

N° of intra-country collaborations; N° of inter-country collaborations; N° of joint initiatives; Baseline: 0 (at the beginning of the project)

Web search; IAEA and Member States’ reports

Financial and human resources available


16. Enhancing Productivity and Quality of Major Food Crops (RER/5/017) 20 New

Objectives: To support production of cereals, vegetables and legumes with higher yields, improved quality and better adaptability to unfavourable environmental conditions through mutation breeding.





shipsScientific


Contracts Sub-Total

2012 0 35 000 0 0 100 000 135 000 30 000 0 30 000 165 0002013 0 70 000 0 0 50 000 120 000 30 000 0 30 000 150 000

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Problem Statement: Through the itsTechnical Cooperation Programme, and to a lesser extent through the Edouard Saouma Award, FAO supports a number of past and on-going regional –and national- initiatives have addressed and address issues related to food security, nutrition, strengthening of production and support systems in the agricultural sector, and implementation of international standards in Europe and Central Asia., As per major EC-supported initiatives in the regional, 1.9 billion Euros were earmarked for funding the 'Food, Agriculture and Fisheries, and Biotechnology' research theme under the Seventh Framework Programme (FP7; 2007-2013), which include “Integrated approach to studying effects of combined biotic and abiotic stress in crop plants” among the key activities, towards building a European Knowledge Based Bio-Economy (KBBE).

Linkages with the regional efforts to address need: The concept is linked to: • IAEA-TC document “Strategy for the Technical Cooperation Programme in the Europe Region”, namely to the Europe Regional Profile (ERP): “Isotope and Radiation Technology Applications – including environment, agriculture and industry”. • FAO document “Implementation of the Programme of Work and Budget 2010-11 and Areas of Priority Actions for the European Region for the Following Biennium 2012-2013” under strategy D “Improved quality and safety of foods at all stages of the food chain”. • Copenhagen Consensus 2004, which concluded that providing sufficient dietary micronutrients was among the most important research priorities for advancing global welfare. • Millennium

33

Development Goals (MSGs) of United Nations., after which development of new technologies for agriculture is among top priorities of world governments.

Past and present country efforts to address the need: Through the its Technical Cooperation Programme, and to a lesser extent through the Edouard Saouma Award, FAO has supported and supports a number of regional –and national- initiatives to address issues related to food security, nutrition, strengthening of production and support systems in the agricultural sector, and implementation of international standards in Europe and Central Asia. As per major EC-supported initiatives in the regional, 1.9 billion Euros were earmarked for funding the 'Food, Agriculture and Fisheries, and Biotechnology' research theme under the Seventh Framework Programme (FP7; 2007-2013), which includes “Integrated approach to studying effects of combined biotic and abiotic stress in crop plants”, towards building a European Knowledge Based Bio-Economy (KBBE).

Past and present support by the IAEA in the same FOA: At the regional level, the support of the IAEA was mainly delivered thought the TC Regional Project RER/5/013 “Evaluation and Increase of Natural and Mutant Genetic Diversity in Cereals using Nuclear and Molecular Techniques” (2007-2011), which aims at evaluating and increasing genetic diversity in major cereals –and solaenacea food crops since 2009- using nuclear techniques, molecular genetics and biotechnology. The major achievements of RER/5/013 thus far comprise: 250 advance mutant lines produced, 2 TILLING population produced, 933 advanced mutant lines already existing and being used (including two hybrid mutant varieties of tomato in second year pre-release trials), and an active network of 16 active or lead institution and 48 associated establishments across some 12 countries in Europe and Central Asia. The impact of such results could be greatly enhanced though the present proposal.

Role if nuclear technology: Nuclear techniques are used to induce mutations and accelerate a naturally occurring process in plants. Crop variability fostered by the use of induced mutation has had a worldwide impact. The benefits from the widespread adoption and cultivation of better adapted and more productive crop varieties have translated into billions of dollars in additional income to the farmers. The IAEA database for officially released mutant varieties now holds close to 3100 entries from 170 species in about 60 countries on all the continents. These methods are robust, non-hazardous, do not require expensive regulatory processes, complement traditional breeding methods and add value through efficiency gains. The effective use of in vitro techniques, molecular markers and genomics further assist in the implementation of modern and competitive plant breeding programmes.

End users: Direct end-users will be participating institutions in the project; beneficiaries will be national stakeholders in agriculture and farmers. The project will indeed enhance scientific and technical manpower for sustainable agriculture, research and education, while consumers will benefit in having a wider choice of food with added value.

Partnership: Strategic partnership with FAO will facilitate a cohesive approach driven by scientists, policy makers and farmers organizations, towards the transfer of project outcome to end-users in the region (via, e.g., stakeholders meetings).

Strategy and sustainability: Laboratories will work closely as a team to achieve better efficiency and focus on their areas of specialization. Through interaction with other stakeholders linkages will be made to transfer the knowledge and material to end users. The involvement of regional and national stakeholders, including farmers and NGOs will ensure its sustainability. Eco-friendly mutation breeding technologies will be used to develop climate-proof crop varieties and advanced mutant lines, which will enable farmers to combat environmental variability and benefit through more profitable production. Appropriate science-based breeding strategies targeting crop adaptation and quality will be incorporated into national breeding programs. They will be diversified into the improvement of other crops with emphasis on staple foods of the region. The existing capacities of the institutions, in terms of facilities, expertise and skills will be extensively upgraded. In particular, the impact of the achievements of project RER5013 (viz. Section "Past and present support to the region by the IAEA in the same Field of Activity") could be greatly enhanced though the present proposal by: i) sharing advanced breeding lines for releasing varieties, ii) providing specialized training and procuring key laboratory consumables for counterpart institutes from Member States involved in the project, and iii) furthering result dissemination to end-users in the region, especially though cooperation with the FAO Regional Office for Europe and Central Asia.


Indicators Means of Verifications Assumptions Outcome New varieties with

improved quality and yield available to specialists

N° of improved mutant varieties available to end users in the Region Target: at least 5

National Reports; end-user reports; IAEA’s Database of Mutant Variety and Genetic

Stakeholders agree to make use of new varieties; Selected

34

and end-users from the Region

Stock varieties are approved for release

Output Integrated, expanded and strengthened regional networks involving diverse stakeholders

N° of inter-country collaborations (e.g., project proposals, publications, organization of joint meetings and symposia) Baseline: 0 (at the beginning of the project) Target: 10 or more

Regional activities reports, Regional stakeholder workshops reports

Countries identify common opportunity to work together

Harmonized national capacities for the application of nuclear techniques and biotechnologies for crop improvement, in line with international standards

N° of Institutions involved for the first time in IAEA TC regional activities Baseline: 0 (at the beginning of the project) Target: at least 1 from 70% of the participating Member States

Project reports, country reports Member States align national policies to international requirements

Improved mutant lines of selected crops evaluated in target environments and in variety development programmes

N° of improved mutant lines characterized and filed-tested; Baseline: 1300 lines from 8 crops (i.e., 3 cereal -maize, wheat, barley, 1 legume -bean chickpea, 1 Root & tuber -potato, and 3 fruit & vegetables-tomato, eggplant pepper- crops. Target: 1600 lines from 10 crops (e.g., additional cereals -triticale, oats- and legume -groundnuts- crops)

Project reports; country reports, IAEA’s Database of Mutant Variety and Genetic Stock (MVGS) http://mvgs.iaea.org/

Selected mutants used by plant breeders


17. Supporting Fruit Fly Pest Prevention and Management in the Balkans and the Eastern Mediterranean (RER/5/018) 23 New

Objectives: To enhance agricultural productivity in the Balkans and Eastern Mediterranean by supporting fruit fly pest prevention and management.





shipsScientific


Contracts Sub-Total

2012 10 000 42 500 40 000 0 40 000 132 500 20 000 0 20 000 152 5002013 10 000 0 8 000 0 90 000 108 000 30 000 0 30 000 138 000

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Problem Statement: In parts of the Balkans and the Eastern Mediterranean, the Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata) causes major damage to fruit and vegetable production. This pest reduces fruit production and increases insecticide use, and therefore has a direct impact on the production cost of agricultural commodities. Moreover, it causes problems in international fruit and vegetables trading due to quarantine regulations imposed by some countries, and maximum insecticide residues limits allowed by others. The recent introduction of exotic fruit fly species in North Africa and the Middle East poses a high threat to fruits and vegetable production of the Balkan and Eastern Mediterranean since this region is subject to a high risk of introduction of the above exotic fruit fly species.

35

The invasive exotic pests include among others highly virulent species such as the peach fruit fly, Bacrocera zonata, and the species of the oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis complex species. The project will unfold to cover two major two components of fruit fly management, relevant for the participating Member States of the Region: i) sharing of technical knowledge and ii) provision of support to selected fruit fly suppression programmes in which the use of SIT, as part of an area-wide integrated management approach has already proven to be technically and economically feasible.

Linkages with the regional efforts to address need: The concept is linked to: • IAEA-TC document “Strategy for the Technical Cooperation Programme in the Europe Region”, namely to the Europe Regional Profile (ERP): “Isotope and Radiation Technology Applications – including environment, agriculture and industry”. • FAO document “Implementation of the Programme of Work and Budget 2010-11 and Areas of Priority Actions for the European Region for the Following Biennium 2012-2013” under strategy D “Improved quality and safety of foods at all stages of the food chain”.

Past and present country efforts to address the need: In the Europe Region, regional initiatives aimed at using environment-friendly methods, such as the Sterile Insect Technique, to control the Mediterranean fruit fly population -while reducing pesticide residues on fruits- have been limited thus far.

Past and present support by the IAEA in the same FOA: Croatia (2007-2008) initiated a project in Neretva Valley (CRO5002: Feasibility Study for the Suppression of the Mediterranean Fly by Integrating the Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) on an Area-Wide Basis in the Neretva Valley) with the objective to study the economic and technical feasibility of applying the SIT. As a result of the initial project, Bosnia and Herzegovina amd Montenegro (other countries in the Neretva Valley) joined the project and a regional effort to suppress the Mediterranean fruit fly population is in preparation through the regional project RER/5/014 “Suppressing the Mediterranean Fruit Fly by Integrating the Sterile Insect Technique on an Area-Wide Basis in Neretva Valley”, a pilot project in the Europe Region. Major achievements of the latter include the completion of technical and economic feasibility studies for both Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina, the collection of baseline data for Croatia, the elaboration of detailed activities, including releases workplan, and the procurement of sterile flies to establish a pilot release area in the Croatia side and the build-up of expertise in activities related to the collection of baseline data for the application of the Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) in the region.

Role if nuclear technology: An integral part of the Sterile Insect Technique is the use of radiation to sterilize the mass-reared pest insects. There are no alternatives available that can achieve this effectively. The SIT needs to be integrated on an area-wide basis with other suppression methods.

End users: The farmers through the increase in the quality and yield of fruits. The consumers of the participating countries and countries importing agricultural products. The farming and resident population of the region will also benefit from the reduction of insecticide use.

Partnership: Strategic partnership with FAO

Strategy and sustainability: Counterparts will work closely and under the same protocol. Through interaction with other stakeholders linkages will be made to transfer the knowledge and material to end users. The involvement of regional and national stakeholders, including farmers and NGOs will ensure its sustainability. The status of tephritid fruit fly pests in each of the participating countries, as well as the respective control techniques in use, will be reviewed. A phased conditional approach will be followed for each of the countries, based on the well-established technical knowledge available in the field of SIT application. These phases include (a) collection of baseline data, (b) improvement of population monitoring strategies, (c) development of management strategies including the possibility of applying the Sterile Insect Technique (SIT), and (d) assessment of the feasibility for implementing the SIT in pilot areas depending on the target market (non-discriminatory, low pesticide or pest free). Information will be shared across the region as to existing techniques for the detection of invasive exotic fruit fly species and on-going joint efforts required to avoid the introduction of these species into target areas. In particular, (a) quarantine and pest risk analysis will be strengthened for each of the participating countries, and, when possible, (b) accurate monitoring systems to detect an exotic fruit fly pest in the early phases of introduction will be deployed, towards the implementation of eradication programs at incipient stages of the invasion, therefore, maintaining the region free of these pests.


Indicators Means of Verifications Assumptions

36

Outcome Increased awareness, cooperation and technical capabilities to prevent, detect and address invasive exotic tephritid fruit fly pest outbreaks though the integration of SIT as part of a phased conditional approach

Detection networks for exotic fruit fly species installed and in operation in relevant areas of participating Member States

Member State progress reports on insecticide use and levels of infestation by medfly; Experts Reports.

Commitment of participating Governments

Reduced insecticide use and fruit infestation levels in selected areas using the SIT for medfly suppression integrated with other control methods

Member State progress reports on insecticide use and levels of infestation by medfly

Output Knowledge sharing and networking on quarantines for fruit flies coordinated in participating Member States.

Increased awareness of exotic invasive fruit fly pests and improvements of quarantines for fruit flies

Member States progress reports on quarantine

Increasing risk of introduction of exotic fruit fly pest species and commitment to prevent their establishment in new areas

Knowledge sharing and networking on deployment of accurate monitoring systems to detect exotic fruit fly pests coordinated in participating Member States

Common protocol on exotic fruit fly detection developed and monitoring systems installed

Project report on development of common protocol on exotic fruit fly detection systems and

Commitment of participating Member State to agree on a common protocol and are committed to implement it

Staff trained in fruit fly detection and surveillance systems, population suppression and related SIT activities

Number of staff trained Member States reports Active participation of plant protection authorities, as well as making staff in fruit fly programmes available for training

Trapping and fruit sampling systems deployed and operational for Ceratitis capitata in selected areas

Protocols on trapping and fruit sampling implemented through installation of detection systems

Member States progress reports on trapping and fruit infestation and databases created with surveillance data

Active participation of plant protection authorities, as well as availability of trapping and fruit sampling materials

Medfly suppression activities operational in selected areas.

Suppressed medfly populations

Fruit fly trapping and infestation data in databases

Commitment of participating Member States to provide the required financial and human resources

Sterile flies releases implemented in selected areas as part of an Integrated pest management (IPM) approach

Release of sterile flies on a routine basis with sterile to wild ratios above 25

Reports with trap data in in release areas


18. Establishing a Sustainable Network on Irradiated Food (RER/5/019) 24 New

Objectives: To promote food security, reduce post-harvest losses, improve food safety and enhance food quality through establishing a network on irradiated foods.



37



shipsScientific


Contracts Sub-Total

2012 47 905 35 000 0 0 25 000 107 905 6 500 0 6 500 114 4052013 8 910 32 000 24 000 0 35 000 99 910 10 000 0 10 000 109 910

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Problem Statement: Food irradiation is a proven and effective post-harvest treatment to reduce bacterial contamination and extend the shelf-life of food. It is envisaged that technical assistance towards the enhanced development of this technology will strengthen and further inter-agency cooperation, it will also promote compliance with international standards of the Joint FAO/WHO Codex Alimentarius Commission on sanitary (human health) and FAO International Plant Protection Commission on regulatory (quarantine) pests and thereby help in the production of safe and wholesome food supplies, facilitating international trade and benefitting the consumer. However over the past 10 years, food irradiation processing and the transfer of the technology for commercial applications in the European region have not been widespread. In addition, no European regional project has addressed the issue of food irradiation. This is against a background of perceived negative public feeling towards the technology in this part of the world where a number of consumer groups have expressed concerns over the safety and usefulness of irradiated food. These campaigns have resulted in a reluctance to adopt the technology and develop regulations for its application as a food process. There is a need for improved understanding on irradiated food and the irradiation process, and one solution is to build and establish a group of stakeholders who can be a source of authoritative information in this area. Therefore, this is a timely European regional project which aims to address; • Transfer of knowledge and evaluation of the European and international legislation on food irradiation (applications and benefits of this technology, irradiation sources and irradiation facilities, product labelling, detection of irradiated foodstuffs etc); • Bringing to prominence proposals for improving and harmonising national, European and international legislation on food irradiation; • Transfer of knowledge relating to international standards on food irradiation (standards used in world trade e.g. under the Codex Alimentarius Commission and the International Plant Protection Commission and also standards relating to the application of the technology for categories of foods, good manufacturing / irradiation practices (QA/QC); • Informational support of the nuclear technology of food processing (focused on consumers, politicians and food experts through booklets, workshops and conferences on applications, safety and benefits of food irradiation).

Linkages with the regional efforts to address need: European Regional Profile for 2009 -2013 stated that Management System Based on ISO/EN Standards at Irradiation (Sterilization) Facilities is emerging as one of the most promising and rapidly expanding fields of R&D. R&D in the field of Isotope and Radiation Technology Applications Sector and the Framework Programme-7 of the EU. This project will contribute to present and future relevant EC and FAO initiatives aimed at enhancing food security in the Europe region through the application of irradiation. FAO document “Implementation of the Programme of Work and Budget 2010-11 and Areas of Priority Actions for the European Region for the Following Biennium 2012-2013” under strategy D “Improved Quality and Safety of Foods at all Stages of the Food Chain"

Past and present country efforts to address the need: During the last 50 years some European national and regional programmes and projects have been involved with the application of food irradiation technology. International organisations such as IAEA, FAO, WHO, EU have been involved with considering the safety and wholesomeness of irradiated food and the application of the technology. However, European Union legislation on food irradiation was being produced during and after the accident at the Chernobyl Nuclear Reactor and many in the public confuse radioactive food with food irradiation (a process that does not contaminate food with radioactive material). Nevertheless, evidence for progress at European national and regional level can be found in the archives of the International Consultative Group on Food Irradiation’s which contains documents / research reports / booklets / workshops, national legislation and European standards/protocols. There is a growing interest in the use of food irradiation and recently the ISO produced a standard on food irradiation which aims to assist with the application of the Codex Alimentarius Commission General Standard on Irradiated Food and International Code of Practice for Food Irradiation Facilities. Despite the tremendous work done by international experts in irradiation technology (IAEA), food processing (FAO) and public health (WHO) to investigate and pronounce on the safety and efficacy of food irradiation, the food industry seems to be reluctant to market irradiated food, possibly for fear that consumers will not accept it. In the European Union some countries are in favour of the technology e.g. France, Belgium and the Netherlands where politicians and scientists / experts and the consumer have been receptive to the irradiation of food) but other countries have not shown an interest in the technology nor it’s regulation. The accident at the NPP in Chernobyl, even though it had nothing to do with food irradiation, still resonates and exerts a negative influence on the development of food irradiation, its implementation and acceptance in the wider European region. After this accident, many European countries revised their activities in the nuclear field, and reduced their participation in

38

nuclear technology related projects. In the last 10 years no European regional projects have addressed food irradiation and there is a need for improved understanding on irradiated food and the use of food irradiation. This project aims to counter this through an established group of stakeholders who can be a source of authoritative information in this area. This is a timely European regional project, In the Americas and in the Asia Pacific region, food irradiation is finding more favour and the trade in irradiated products is increasing. In contrast, the European region is falling behind and countries here are in need of knowledge transfer and improved understanding / development of legislation and standards on food irradiation.

Past and present support by the IAEA in the same FOA: The project will use the achievements of the IAEA TC projects RER/8/010 “Quality Control Methods and Procedures for Radiation Technology” and RER/8/017 “Enhancing quality control methods and procedures for radiation technology” (2009-2011) in establishment of the QC/QA system in the Radiation Technology and will contribute to past and on-going national and regional (e.g., IAEA TC projects and relevant EC and FAO initiatives) aimed at enhancing irradiated food security in the Europe region.

Role if nuclear technology: Food irradiation is a nuclear technology of food processing. Food irradiation has many applications and can offer a wide range of benefits to food industry and the consumer. This nuclear technology could be used for sprout inhibition, delay of ripening, insect disinfestations, parasite inactivation, and reduction in number of spoilage microorganisms, reduction in number or elimination of pathogens, improving technological properties of food, reduction in number of microorganisms to the point of sterility. Food irradiation provides the highest level of protection with the least detrimental effects on product quality as related to other physical and chemical techniques. It is the most efficient technology to ensure compliance with importing country requirements and improve food safety for consumers. In addition, irradiation does not significantly raise food temperature and the food does not “cook”; unlike chemical treatments, irradiation does not leave potentially harmful residues; it can be used to treat packaged food, which will remain safe and protected from microbial contamination after treatment; and, irradiation does not produce harmful toxins or residues. Interest in the irradiation process is high because of persistently high food losses from infestation, contamination and spoilage; mounting concerns over food-borne diseases; and growing international trade in food products that must meet strict import standards of quality and quarantine, all areas in which food irradiation has demonstrated practical benefits when integrated within an established system for the safe handling and distribution of food. In addition, with increasingly restricted regulations or complete prohibition on the use of a number of chemical fumigants for insect and microbial control in food, irradiation is an effective alternative to protect food against insect damage and as a quarantine treatment of fresh produce. Only certain radiation sources can be used in food irradiation. These are: -the radionuclides cobalt-60 or cesium-137; -X-ray machines having a maximum energy of 5 MeV; -electron accelerators having a maximum energy of 10 MeV. Energies from these radiation sources are too low to induce radioactivity in any material, including food.

End users: Decision makers: governmental bodies and authorities responsible for nuclear technology applications, food safety and public health, which will be informed about and understand better the applications, safety and benefits of food irradiation; • Service users: farmers / companies that produce food that could be irradiated and institutions (hospitals, schools, companies) where irradiated food could be introduced in menu, which will be informed about and understand better the legislation and standardization on applications, safety and benefits of food irradiation; • Public consumers: will be informed about and understand better the legislation and standardization on applications, safety and benefits of food irradiation

Partnership: Potential partners are the FAO Regional Office for Europe and Central Asia and DG SANCO of the European Commission

Strategy and sustainability: The success of the project relies on the implementation of project activities. These activities are to be carried out through the cooperation and collaboration of research and development institutions, industries, end users, government agencies and safety authorities. Technology transfer through partnerships between advanced and developing countries will be encouraged, along with interregional collaboration via participation at European regional events. The project results sustainability is guaranteed by routine use of food irradiation in the European countries.


Indicators Means of Verifications Assumptions Outcome An established network of regulatory,

food and radiation processing organizations with an increased awareness and capacity to meet

The network is established and includes key stakeholders from each Member State.

A list of network members is kept up to date.

Commitment of participating countries.

39

international standards and codes of practice relating to commercially irradiated food.

Improved collaboration among MS in TC Europe region on issues related to irradiated food.

Increased information sharing and collaboration between Member States.

Evidence of joint meetings and collaborative working.

Participant countries are committed to working in collaboration

Output Shared knowledge and a network established on the status, regulation and trade of irradiated food.

Increased awareness of the regulation of irradiated foods, tests to verify irradiation treatment and the potential of irradiate foods.

Member States progress reports.

Key stakeholders are involved and committed to the project

Informational material (brochures, handbooks, leaflets) relating to irradiated food and suitable for the non-specialist reader.

The amount of informational material distributed.

Member States progress reports.

Member State participants have a role in disseminating information on food safety

Information exchange on legislation and regulation related to irradiated food is enhanced.

Increased awareness of the regulation of irradiated foods and the potential of irradiate foods.

Member states progress reports.

Commitment of participating countries.

Internet website or publication giving details on appropriate stakeholders (e.g. radiation facilities, regulatory authorities).

How many people access the information on the internet publication / web-site?

The number of “hits” on the internet publication / web-site.

Statistics on the number of hits are collected.

Stakeholders (regulatory, food industry, radiation processing) trained in application of legislation as regards international standards, operation of food irradiation facilities for post-harvest food treatment and detection of irradiated food.

Increased awareness of international standards, codes of practice and detection tests.

Member states progress reports.

Member States nominate appropriate trainees. Availability of qualified trainers and host institutions


19. Strengthening Knowledge of Radiation Oncologists and Radiation Therapists (RER/6/022) 26 New

Objectives: To ensure safe and effective application of radiotherapy in an era of increasing technology and complexity through training of Radiation Oncologists (ROs) and Radiation Therapists (RTs)





shipsScientific


Contracts Sub-Total

2012 0 51 780 0 0 140 000 191 780 0 0 0 191 7802013 0 60 000 0 0 140 000 200 000 0 0 0 200 000

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Problem Statement: Through the IAEA/ ESTRO course on Best Practice in Radiation Oncology: Train the Trainers project, the QUATRO initiative, and questionnaires for the core curriculum review, a mismatch between the roles

40

and responsibilities taken by radiation therapists (RTs) and their educational background has been identified. As technology increases and more complex techniques are introduced this disconnect poses a significant threat to both the quality of treatment and the safety of patients receiving radiotherapy. The IAEA syllabi show in detail the topics that should be covered in educational programmes. It is frequently not possible to cover all of the topics identified at local and/or regional level and the IAEA has supported radiation oncologists (ROs) and RTs to attend international short courses to compensate for identified gaps in their initial education programme or to provide education when new technology or techniques are introduced. These initiatives have highlighted the deficiencies in the education programmes at the undergraduate level for RTs and in ongoing continuous professional development/continuous medical education (CPD/CME) for radiation oncologists and this project aims to address these deficiencies to complement and enhance the outcomes of prior initiatives.

Linkages with the regional efforts to address need: The Europe Regional Profile (ERP) for the TCP in the Europe Region prepared in 2008 identifies four specific thematic sectors as main areas of activity for the region in the medium term, 2009-2013. Human Health (specifically radiation medicine) is one of those areas of activity.

Past and present country efforts to address the need: The IAEA together with European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology (ESTRO) have supported the Best Practice in Oncology: Train the Trainers courses and as a result a series of short courses have been delivered, one country has prepared a one year add-on programme in radiotherapy for RTs, new national societies in the discipline have been established and some RTs are now involved in small research projects. A regional approach is the most appropriate as it is important that the delivery of radiotherapy is equal and up to international standards for all patients within the region.

Past and present support by the IAEA in the same FOA: The IAEA has supported attendance by ROs and RTs at short training courses held internationally and has facilitated placement for training in international centres of excellence. The QUATRO audit methodology introduced by the IAEA and carried out within several regional TC projects has had a major impact on the quality of radiotherapy in many regions and centres. It has raised the awareness of the need for continuous internal and external review of practices and procedures and has contributed to improved outcomes and an increase in safety for patients receiving radiotherapy. The Best Practice in Oncology: Train the Trainers activities under the TCP RER/6/019 has resulted in the delivery of a series of short courses by RTs aimed for RTs but attended by radiation oncologists and medical physicists and has improved the knowledge and understanding of staff of specific issues in radiotherapy. The IAEA syllabi for radiation oncologists and RTs have been used in countries establishing elements of specialist education programmes.

Role if nuclear technology: Radiation therapy cannot be replaced by non-nuclear or other techniques in the treatment of cancer.

End users: The results of this project will ultimately benefit patients through provision of high quality accurate and safe radiotherapy. Decision makers will benefit from a greater understanding of the education standards necessary for staff to practice safely. Management will benefit from a reduced potential for incidents and errors. The clinical team will benefit from delegation of roles and responsibilities to competent colleagues enabling more time to be dedicated to the introduction of new technology and more complex techniques which reduce the associated damage to normal tissue.

Partnership: ESTRO through provision of training courses in radiation oncology.

Strategy and sustainability: The train-the-trainers process is a collaborative effort between the IAEA and ESTRO. It started in 2008 with a training workshop in which groups of 3 RTs from eight countries were trained on how to plan and conduct training courses for RTs in their own countries and in their own language. In August 2010 a new cycle was initiated with new groups of RTs from 7 countries. Although a primary endpoint is to have the RTs develop the self-confidence and expertise of organizing these local courses, the ultimate goal of the process is to encourage an improvement of national education programmes incorporating specific training for radiation therapists. This is the key to the sustainability of the process. In the case of radiation oncologists, the Agency will sponsor participants from the TCEU countries in ESTRO courses to provide an opportunity for continuous professional development which can help to increase skill levels as well as staff motivation and retention. It is expected that the participants acquire knowledge and skills from the high level experts in Europe, to be subsequently brought and applied in their own countries and in the treatment of their own patients.


Indicators Means of Verifications Assumptions

41

Outcome Increased knowledge and skills of radiation oncologists and radiation therapists to improve the quality of treatment for cancer patients

Improved capacity to provide radiotherapy at international standards by qualified staff

Provision of attendance records from the course organisers including completed the course evaluation, examination results and certificates of attendance

The participant’s departments or institutes implement new knowledge and skills into practice. Government approval is provided where necessary to implement educational change or development.

Output Trained radiation therapists (RTs)

Number of RTs trained

Training course attendance reports Participants will be able to attend events

Trained radiation oncologists (ROs)

Number of RO trained

Training course attendance reports

Availability of training materials for RTs

Training material such as syllabi, lectures, reference documents

Existence of new education/training programs

Government approval will be provided where necessary to implement educational change or development in Member States

Adoption of curriculum for RTs according to the European core curriculum of ESTRO

Number of Member States adopting the core curricula for education and training

Reports to the IAEA The commitment of the participants to carry out the preparation of educational material

Report on education of ROs & RTs in the CIS

A Report on education in CIS

Reports available Information provided by relevant Member States


20. Strengthening Medical Physics in Radiation Medicine (RER/6/023) 29 New

Objectives: To improve the quality and safety of radiation medicine through consolidation of medical physics practices in the region





shipsScientific


Contracts Sub-Total

2012 0 16 780 0 0 140 000 156 780 0 0 0 156 7802013 0 70 000 0 0 140 000 210 000 0 0 0 210 000

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Problem Statement: The medical physicists have an important role in the safe and effective use of radiation in medicine, especially in radiation oncology/cancer treatments and diagnostic radiology where radiation is used for diagnosis of disease. Cancer rates are rising worldwide, however the cancer incidence in Europe is particularly high, thus requiring a proper number of well qualified medical physicists. In recent years, the increasing complexity of equipment producing radiation and used both for diagnosis and treatment, coupled with the raising of the expectations of good health care, as well as the implementation of more stringent radiation safety standards and accreditation requirements has exacerbated the already critical shortage of fully competent medical physicists. Training and continuous professional development are vital to ensure safe and effective use of radiation in medicine.

42


Past and present country efforts to address the need: The European Society of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology (ESTRO) has organised over the years numerous courses and seminars for the strengthening and further education of medical physicists, radiation oncologists and radiotherapy technologists. Also European Federation of Organisations for Medical Physics (EFOMP) has organised courses to upgrade the skills and knowledge of Medical Physicists in Europe.

Past and present support by the IAEA in the same FOA: The IAEA has supported and organized regional training courses for medical physicists to upgrade their skills and practices for the last several TC cycles, most recently the project on Strengthening Regional Capacity in Medical Radiation Physics (Phase II) (RER/6/018). There is a need to continue to support opportunities of training for medical physicists in order to allow for improvement of the status and contribution of medical physicists in radiation medicine.

Role if nuclear technology: Nuclear technology has helped through development of methods for accurate measurement of radiation dose (dosimetry), which is important in various applications such as radiation oncology, diagnostic radiology, nuclear medicine and radiation protection. The proper quality control of more and more complex equipment for use in radiation medicine is a prerequisite for its proper use for diagnosis and treatment.

End users: Beneficiaries include medical physicists, radiotherapy technologists and patients.

Partnership: Both organizations, ESTRO and EFOMP, which develop training courses for medical physicists to attend and learn better ways to practice their profession.

Strategy and sustainability: The project will provide opportunities for Continuous Professional Development (CPD) as well as training materials, syllabi and relevant publications all of which will contribute to the overall sustainability in the participating Member States. Sustainability will also be ensured through the formation of national teams to support the implementation of national training activities for medical physicists. Involvement of National Associations of Medical Physicists will be helpful in disseminating training courses material and facilitating adoption of recommended curricula and syllabi.


Indicators Means of Verifications Assumptions Outcome Enhanced quality of treatment for

cancer patients and improved recognition of medical physics as a profession

Number of MPs per population as compared with baseline data and recommended staffing levels. Survey results of past training course participants. Independent external assessment results

Self assessment and audits Reports from Project Counterparts

Institutional and Governmental support is forthcoming Baseline data are available

Output Medical physics professionals trained

Number of staff trained Evaluation/training reports Commitment of universities

Adoption of Medical Physics curriculum recommendations of international organizations (IAEA/ESTRO/EFOMP/EC)

Syllabi of MP courses are available

Workshop reports Internet/national reports

Government commitment

National teams of Trainers in Medical Physics established

National reports from designated counterparts

National reports Staff available for training


21. Supporting Quality Audits in Radiation Oncology (RER/6/024) 29 New

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Objectives: To improve the quality and safety of radiotherapy services





shipsScientific


Contracts Sub-Total

2012 106 262 20 000 34 560 0 0 160 822 0 20 000 20 000 180 8222013 92 664 80 000 36 000 0 0 208 664 0 20 000 20 000 228 664

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Problem Statement: Radiation oncology is a common and essential practice in the Europe region for the treatment of cancer. While all Member States in the region have a national cancer centre with infrastructure for carrying out radiotherapy, not all have established a comprehensive quality assurance (QA) programme in radiation oncology necessary to provide safe and effective radiotherapy service. Independent external quality audits, forming part of a comprehensive QA programme, are widely recognised as an effective method to verify that the quality of radiotherapy practices in an individual hospital is suitable for achieving the required cancer treatment objectives. Following the recommendations of the IAEA International Basic Safety Standards and the European Directive 97/43/Euratom, several Member States in Europe are required to adopt regulations on quality assurance in radiotherapy and make quality audits compulsory (or highly recommended) for radiotherapy departments.The IAEA has developed several audit methodologies to improve quality assurance in radiotherapy, including QUATRO, dosimetry audit for national programs and treatment planning system (TPS) specific audits. The Quality Assurance Team for Radiation Oncology (QUATRO) provides peer evaluation of the overall practice of radiation oncology centres through a comprehensive assessment of their radiotherapy programmes. Any gaps in the radiotherapy treatment chain or areas for improvement will be identified by a multidisciplinary team of qualified experts who will provide recommendations for bringing the quality of radiotherapy practices in participating centres into line with internationally accepted standards. The ultimate goal for a hospital is to achieve centre of competence status in radiotherapy, complying with IAEA criteria. In addition to internal quality control programmes, hospitals are recommended to participate in external quality audits which monitor their dosimetry and this project will support Member States to set up national programs for quality audit in radiotherapy dosimetry.

Linkages with the regional efforts to address need: The Europe Regional Profile (EPR) for the TCP in the Europe Region prepared in 2008 identifies four specific thematic sectors as main areas for the region in the medium term 2009-2013. Human health (specifically radiation medicine) is one of those areas of activities.

Past and present country efforts to address the need: Many European organisations like European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology (ESTRO) and European Federation of Organisations for Medical Physics (EFOMP) have provided guidance on quality and auditing related issues for all Member States through training courses, workshops, publications and postal dosimetry services.

Past and present support by the IAEA in the same FOA: The IAEA has a long history of providing assistance for dosimetry audits in radiotherapy to its Member States through the postal TLD audit service. No regional TC project was dedicated so far to establishing national capacities for dosimetry audit for radiotherapy, although a quality audit of treatment planning systems is included in the project "Strengthening Regional Capacity in Medical Radiation Physics". In TC Europe, based on voluntary requests, 27 comprehensive QUATRO audit missions have been completed since 2005 under TC projects.

Role if nuclear technology: The accurate measurement of radiation dose is particularly important in radiation therapy as it is a high-dose and therefore a potentially high-risk procedure, where overdosage can cause significant damage to organs and tissues. Under dosage makes the treatment ineffective due to a failure in the local control of tumour cells. The majority of accidental exposures in radiotherapy have occurred in hospitals without properly

44

implemented QA programmes. The proper quality control of complex radiotherapy equipment verified through an audit is a prerequisite for its proper use for cancer treatment.

End users: Beneficiaries of the project will be radiotherapy centres, their patients and the medical staff.

Partnership: Possible partnership organizations include European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology (ESTRO), European Federation of Organisations for Medical Physics (EFOMP), and European Commission (EC).

Strategy and sustainability: The establishment of national coordination teams will support sustainability and ensure implementation of recommendations are followed. Lessons learned and relevant non-confidential reports and other documentation will be shared through the national networks. Train the trainers activities will provide the basis for sustainability at the national level.


Indicators Means of Verifications Assumptions Outcome National quality audit

systems including dosimetry in radiotherapy established in Member State institutions

Implementation of recommendations from audit reports, and dosimetry audit results within tolerance limits

QUATRO audit reports, TPS reports

Recommendations are able to be implemented by radiotherapy departments

Output Quality systems operating in radiotherapy centres in accordance with QUATRO guidelines or other international standards

Number of centres recognized as operating at centre of competence level

Reports of expert missions and project participants from Member States

Member States submit requests for audit and adopt recommendations for improvement

National centres for dosimetry audit established and operating in participating Member States

Number of national external audit centres in operation. Number of audited centres. Number of EAGs established. Dosimetry audit reports from national centres.

Reports of expert missions and project participants from Member States

Necessary national infrastructure for dosimetry in place

Treatment Planning Systems (TPS) in radiotherapy departments fully and accurately functioning

Statistics/measurements from Medical Physics departments.

Reports from Medical Physics departments.

Necessary national infrastructure for TPS in place


22. Building Capacity for Medical Physics in Radiation Oncology at the International Training Centre (EARTH) for the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) Region (RER/6/025) 29 New

Objectives: To improve the skills, competence and knowledge in medical radiotherapy physics in the CIS region



45



shipsScientific


Contracts Sub-Total

2012 0 15 000 0 0 130 000 145 000 0 0 0 145 0002013 0 24 680 0 0 130 000 154 680 0 0 0 154 680

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Problem Statement: An analysis of the situation in medical radiotherapy physics in the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) has shown that medical physicists, radiation therapists (RTs) and radiation oncologists are poorly qualified because of a range of limitations in university education, post graduate training and lack of Continuous Professional Development (CPD). There is a severe lack of adequate clinical facilities in the CIS suitable for training of medical physicists and much of the equipment is outdated and obsolete. Access to supplementary training and CPD for specialists through attendance of courses in countries outside the CIS has a number of limitations including: a language barrier; narrow specific topics; little access to clinical practice; and, a disconnect in the technology basis being practiced within and outside the CIS. In addition, there is an absence of established national quality assurance (QA) and patient and personnel safety systems, presenting the potential for a higher probability of radiotherapy and accidents risks. There is also a lack of national certification and audit systems for radiotherapy centres. The factors illustrate the drastic need for the provision of training and CPD courses in Russian for medical physicists, so as to improve their skills, competence and knowledge in medical radiotherapy physics and significantly upgrade the performance and quality of the provision of cancer treatment in the CIS.

Linkages with the regional efforts to address need: The Regional Profile for Europe signed in 2008 identifies human health (specifically radiation medicine) as a priority area of activity for the region. The on-going upgrading of radiotherapy facilities in former Soviet Republics necessitates (or calls for) the organization of the proper professional education and training of medical physicists. The Federal Target Program "Prevention and Control of Socially Significant Diseases" (2007-2011) and subprogram "Oncology", the regional "Oncology" programs focus on the training of medical staff, medical physicists and radiotherapists. Training and education of medical staff has become the key issue in CIS counties.

Past and present country efforts to address the need: The Association of Medical Physicists in Russia (AMPR) has been involved in the CPD of medical physicists and radiation oncologists from the former Soviet Republics for 15 years and it has conducted 25 CPD courses (2 and 4 week). From this significant background and experience on the needs and requirements of these professionals 5 different training programs in medical physics and radiation oncology have been devised. Based on this, a coordinated regional approach will be an effective means of addressing the educational and training needs of the Russian speaking medical physicists in the participating countries

Past and present support by the IAEA in the same FOA: Improving Clinical Practice in Nuclear Medicine (RER6017), Strengthening Regional Capacity in Medical Radiation Physics (RER6018), Improving Clinical Practice in Radiation Oncology (RER6019), Quality Assurance Team in Radiation Oncology (RER6020). Within these projects medical physicists have received training to upgrade their skills and knowledge for safe and effective delivery of radiotherapy through participation in regional training courses and external peer reviews.

Role if nuclear technology: Nuclear technology is an indispensible tool in this area of healthcare.

End users: Beneficiaries of the project are: radiotherapy clinics and cancer patients in CIS.

Partnership: External institutions and partners include: Ministry of Health, Armenia; National Center of oncology, Azerbaijan; Republic scientific and practical center for oncology and medical radiology, Belarus; Regional cancer dispensary of Semey, Kazakhstan; Institute of oncology, Republic of Moldova; Oncology research center, Tajikistan; National Cancer Institute, Ukraine; National Cancer Center, Uzbekistan; and National Cancer Center, Kyrgystan. (Their individual contributions will be agreed at a later date). Manufacturers and suppliers of radiological equipment(Siemens, Varian, Elekta, GE, etc.) may provide support for activities.

Strategy and sustainability: Overall the project will promote sustainability through a strategy of providing ongoing support to participants through the provision of training materials and associated documents and support through continuing professional development initiatives. In order for the project to commence promptly at the beginning of year 2012, the following strategic steps are planned: 2011 - preparative work and assessment, 2012 - 2013 project implementation.

46


Indicators Means of Verifications Assumptions Outcome Improved quality of patient treatment

and safety in radiotherapy in the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) region.

Improved skills of radiotherapy practitioners in medical radiation physics Results of external assessments and audits

Reports Audit reports Reporting, tracking and baseline data available

Output Trained radiotherapy practitioners 48 professionals trained per year

Certificates issued Availability of trainees

Trained lecturers/faculty for the course conduct

30 lecturers trained during project life-time

Evaluation reports Availability of trainers

Updated course programmes/curriculum

Approved syllabi by IAEA & Scientific Council

Course materials on CD and website

Successful implementation of courses


23. Strengthening Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography/Computed Tomography (SPECT/CT) and Positron Emission Tomography (PET)/CT Hybrid Imaging Applications for Chronic Disease Diagnosis (RER/6/026) 27 New

Objectives: To improve management of patients affected by chronic diseases by using hybrid nuclear medicine technologies





shipsScientific


Contracts Sub-Total

2012 24 000 35 000 0 0 95 000 154 000 0 0 0 154 0002013 25 000 0 0 0 145 000 170 000 0 0 0 170 0002014 0 65 000 0 0 145 000 210 000 0 0 0 210 0002015 0 30 000 0 0 145 000 175 000 0 0 0 175 000

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Problem Statement: Chronic diseases like cardiovascular diseases and cancer account for more than 40% of causes of death worldwide (source: WHO World Health Report 2007). Nuclear medicine/molecular imaging has a strong role to play as Molecular imaging is emerging as a new approach for the non-invasive detection of molecular and cellular processes that can identify disease before the manifestation of gross anatomic features or physiologic consequences. Application of molecular imaging for early detection of the initiating events associated with disease will be critical for improved understanding of the underlying mechanisms of disease, primary prevention of disease, risk stratification of patients with disease, and promotion of individualized medical treatment based on the unique characteristics of a disease in any given patient. SPECT/CT and PET/CT are new imaging technologies which couple the metabolic information provided by SPECT and PET with the exquisite anatomical resolution of X-ray CT. Both procedures have already found a number of clinical applications in oncologic imaging, particularly PET/CT, and in cardiac disease management. Widespread introduction into clinical practice started approximately 10 years ago and is increasing steadily. It can already be stated that the synthesis of structural and metabolic

47

information improves the accuracy of primary staging and the detection of recurrent disease and has the realistic potential to change patient management in 10 to 20% of cases. PET/CT fusion images can directly guide biopsies or surgical interventions.


Past and present country efforts to address the need: There is no specific coordinated efforts in the region, besides training courses run by the European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM) in Vienna (for which IAEA support attendance from the regional projects).

Past and present support by the IAEA in the same FOA: The past and ongoing regional projects (RER6014 and RER6017) had contributed to improve health service for patients undergoing nuclear medicine techniques for diagnosis and treatment in the Member States participating in the project. Building on to the outcome achieved so far, the new project aims to improved appropriate use of SPECT/CT and PET/CT imaging in managing chronic diseases.

Role if nuclear technology: Nuclear Medicine techniques like SPECT/CT and PET/CT will maintain their unique role either as first line modalities, when appropriate, or by complementing other imaging modalities like X-ray CT, MRI and ultrasound. To this respect, the project will also focus on the preparation of Clinical Guidelines to help determine the most appropriate test for the most frequent clinical scenarios. The central role of nuclear technologies will be reinforced either as first line modalities or complementary to other diagnostic tests and therapeutic procedures.

End users: Beneficiaries will be patients suffering from chronic disease, particularly cardiovascular disease and cancer, who will receive improved diagnoses and will have better treatment choices. Referring and treating physicians will also benefit from the improved diagnostic work-up of their patients. Health care systems will benefit from better allocations of resources due to the improved diagnostic process that will allow the choice for more appropriate treatments.

Partnership: The European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM) will serve as a partner to the project, offering training courses that provide opportunities for continuous professional development to nuclear medicine practitioners. The EANM offers a reduced course fee to participants supported by the IAEA.

Strategy and sustainability: The work plan includes appropriate evaluation steps to ensure timely and effective implementation. The project will be implemented, in parallel with the inter-regional project on Quality Assurance in Nuclear Medicine (QUANUM).


Indicators Means of Verifications Assumptions Outcome Improved appropriate use of

SPECT/CT and PET/CT hybrid imaging in managing chronic diseases

Number of Departments using hybrid imaging technologies at hospital level and adopting IAEA’s Guidelines

Records of Nuclear Medicine Departments

SPECT/CT and PET/CT are applied in appropriate settings

Output Improved professional competences of nuclear medicine physicians and medical staff on SPECT/CT and PET/CT imaging

Number of staff trained Training Courses records Interest and commitment of the relevant stakeholders; appropriate nominations to participate in training events actually received

Guidelines on clinical application of PET/CT and SPECT/CT established

Guidelines published Adopted Guidelines Suitable experts available

Knowledge strengthened among diverse stakeholders on the status of hybrid imaging

Number of staff participated in workshops

Workshop reports Interest and commitment of the relevant stakeholders; appropriate nominations to participate in events actually received


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24. Supporting Comprehensive Cancer Control (RER/6/027) 25 New

Objectives: To support establishing national cancer control programmes in participating Member States for improved cancer management





shipsScientific


Contracts Sub-Total

2012 83 616 30 000 0 0 50 000 163 616 0 0 0 163 6162013 85 536 30 000 0 0 50 000 165 536 0 0 0 165 536

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Problem Statement: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) account for more than 87% of the disease burden in high income countries. Cancer, the second most common NCD, is becoming a more important cause of premature mortality than infectious disease in developing countries - cancer deaths already exceed infectious deaths in China and a number of middle income countries. Nonetheless, available resources, particularly for cancer control, within LMI countries remain grossly inadequate to deal with this growing problem. Developing countries will bear 60 percent of the world's cancer burden by 2020 and 70 percent by 2030, but are not prepared for the looming crisis. Effective control of cancer requires major commitments to the training of health professionals, provision of adequate facilities for early diagnosis and treatment, as well as public education programs. Prevention may be the best means to control some cancers, e.g., lung cancer; early detection for others e.g. breast and cervical cancer, and treatment for others; but all main treatment modalities (surgery, radiation and chemotherapy) are much more effective when cancer is detected at an early stage. The effective control of cancer can only be accomplished through implementation of comprehensive national cancer control programmes following WHO recommendations. Towards this end, the IAEA has sought to coordinate and align its radiation medicine (radiotherapy and nuclear medicine) activities with the efforts of WHO and other agencies and institutions involved in the expansion of cancer control infrastructure in developing countries by moving to a public health platform. The Programme of Action for Cancer Therapy (PACT) was created within the Agency in 2004 as an umbrella programme to build upon the Agency’s experience in radiation medicine and technology transfer to enable developing countries to introduce, expand and improve their cancer care capacity by integrating radiation medicine into a comprehensive cancer control programme that maximises its therapeutic effectiveness, impact and sustainability (see GOV/2004/39). Such approach integrates and aligns all areas of cancer control from prevention to palliative care within the public health system, based on the WHO guidelines and in partnership with other leading cancer institutions. The IAEA is implementing the PACT model through its Technical Cooperation framework to ensure a unified and harmonized approach at the regional and country levels for the assessment of needs and further development or expansion of cancer services. The regional project will serve as a platform for regional cooperation and involvement of WHO and other key international players to assist LMI Member States to combat the looming cancer epidemic in a more effective and sustainable manner.

Linkages with the regional efforts to address need: The Europe Regional Profile (ERP) for the TCP in the Europe Region prepared in 2008 identifies four specific sectors as main areas of activity for the region in the medium term, 2009-2013. Human Health (specifically radiation medicine) is one of those areas of activity.

Past and present country efforts to address the need: Because of Non Communicable Diseases (NCD) including cancer, account for 86% of deaths and 77% of the diseases burden within the European region, the WHO, Headquarter, the Regional Office for Europe and Country Offices have been intensifying the activities toward the

49

control of NCD through the Global Strategy for the Prevention and Control of NCDs to accelerate actions, promote partnerships and address special needs of Member States across the Region. The percentage of countries having NCD (including cancer) Unit, branch or department at the Ministry of Health level increased during the past decade. Establishment of national policy, strategy and action plan also increased, being cancer control plans the most relevant. Cancer is also the most covered diseases in the surveillance system having recognized Cancer Registry in nine tenths of the countries. The European Union is promoting the Quality assurance of Cancer Screening, not only in the EU members but in the Region.

Past and present support by the IAEA in the same FOA: The IAEA has worked for over 40 years in over 110 developing countries to deploy sound radiotherapy programmes, expending over $240 million on cancer-related assistance under its TC programme. With a looming cancer epidemic in developing countries, the existing infrastructure is far from sufficient in responding to the growing demand. The Agency has also observed over the years that investments in cancer treatment, including radiation medicine, cannot be optimized in the absence of comprehensive national cancer control plans and improved national capacity in other areas beyond therapy, such as, epidemiology, prevention, early detection, surgical and medical oncology, as well as cancer policy analysis and formulation, advocacy and management. A number of national and regional cancer-related projects have been implemented in the region during 2009-2010 which serve as a basis to move to a more comprehensive cancer control approach. Under these projects, some relevant activities (e.g. imPACT reviews to Montenegro and Serbia 2010, and National Workshop in Albania to discuss the national strategies for cervical and breast cancer screening) were conducted.

Role if nuclear technology: The main objective of the project is to enable Member States to enhance their "radiation medicine" capacity within the context of a national cancer control programme. Radiation medicine techniques are indispensable in cancer cure and care; in particular radiotherapy plays a fundamental role in the treatment of many common cancers.

End users: - Ministries of Health in Member States - Decision makers in the field of health who will benefit from expertise and support to establish National Cancer Control Programmes. - Health professionals in the field of cancer control who will benefit from the expertise of the Agency, the WHO and their partners in the various components of comprehensive cancer control. - In the long-term, patients will benefit from the development and implementation of national cancer control programmes through increased access to cancer care.

Partnership: Apart from the World Health Organization (WHO), its headquarters, its Regional and Country Offices in Europe, PACT partners include several internationally recognized institutions in the field of cancer control such as the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), the International Union Against Cancer (UICC), National Cancer Institutes in several countries (US, France), the International Network for Cancer Treatment and Research (INCTR), and Organisation of European Cancer Institutes (OECI). All PACT partners could potentially contribute to the project. All project activities will be performed in close cooperation with the participating Member States and specifically through the Ministry of Health or its equivalent and in coordination with TC National Liaison Officers. All imPACT reviews and regional workshops will draw from expert rosters of Member States, PACT partners, and other leading cancer control, public health, and policy institutions.

Strategy and sustainability: To ensure sustainability the overall efforts will be coordinated closely with the WHO Regional Office, such as in conducting the imPACT reviews to identify existing gaps in cancer control capacity and to support the Ministry of Health in their effort to develop their cancer control strategies, national cancer control programmes and action plans. After the imPACT mission, the countries will present their experience in the regional workshops to share lessons which could be learnt by the rest of the countries. The same strategy will be adopted for the national workshops and training activities. The project will also provide a concrete platform to develop further regional collaboration in the field of cancer control.


Indicators Means of Verifications Assumptions Outcome Awareness raised on cancer

burden and effective planning of comprehensive national cancer control programmes developed, integrating radiation medicine

Number of Member States endorsing National cancer control strategies (by end 2013)

Endorsement of National cancer control strategies by national authorities/official reports

Interest of Member State & Commitment of relevant stakeholders

Output Networking approach introduced for regional collaboration in integrating radiation medicine in cancer control programme

Networking approach becomes available and utilized

Reports /MOUs Government commitment and support. Participation of relevant

50

stakeholders. National cancer control strategies

and plans developedNumber of national strategic plans drafted

Official Reports & Feedback from MS and external experts

Improved knowledge of health and other related professionals on cancer control

Number of officials and professionals trained on thematic /specific areas

Meeting/training reports


25. Establishing National Legal Frameworks (RER/9/105) 09 New

Objectives: To assist Member States in establishing adequate national legal frameworks for the application of safe and peaceful uses of nuclear energy to comply with their international obligations and fundamental requirements of the relevant legal instruments and international standards.





shipsScientific


Contracts Sub-Total

2012 30 000 0 0 0 45 000 75 000 0 0 0 75 0002013 30 000 0 0 0 45 000 75 000 0 0 0 75 000

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Problem Statement: A preliminary assessment of the national nuclear legislation in various Member States shows that the existing legal infrastructure needs to be enhanced in order to make it consistent with relevant IAEA safety standards and other binding and non-binding international instruments. This applies equally to countries with limited nuclear applications involving only radiation sources also to those that are interested in introducing or developing further their respective nuclear programmes (e.g. power reactors or research reactors). Overall legislative assistance, in the areas of nuclear safety, radiation protection, emergency preparedness and response, nuclear security, mining and milling of radioactive ores, transport of radioactive material, spent fuel and radioactive waste management, decommissioning, physical protection of nuclear material and facilities, non-proliferation, and civil liability for nuclear damage would be provided under this project. The IAEA experience in providing legislative assistance under other regional projects confirms the advantage of promoting a comprehensive national legal framework and establishing the necessary legal and regulatory infrastructure at the national, regional and inter-regional level through (i) interaction with individual states as well as regional groups; (ii) interface between legal and technical experts; and (iii) a multi-means approach. The latter approach combines bilateral assistance, regional and sub-regional workshops, training and capacity-building and the development of reference material for the assessment and drafting of national nuclear legislation. The competent national authorities and institutions will work in accordance with comprehensive, up-to-date national legislation which complies with the fundamental requirements of the relevant international instruments covering nuclear safety, security, safeguards and liability for nuclear damage.

Linkages with the regional efforts to address need: The Europe Regional Profile for the TCP in the Europe Region prepared in 2008 identifies four specific thematic sectors as main areas of activity for the region in the medium term, 2009–2013. Among them is "Nuclear and Radiation Safety – including nuclear installation safety, radiation safety, emergency preparedness and nuclear security"

51

Past and present country efforts to address the need: Several EUTC Member States received support from the EU to adjust national nuclear legislation to legal requirements within EU. Based on data from RASIMS 75% of TCEU MSs have legislation that is either in compliance with international standards or is being revised to achieve full compliance and 75% of countries have regulations that are fully or broadly compatible with international standards. There still is a need to further update legal framework and to ensure capabilities of MSs for sustainable development/maintenance of it, which applied to majority of countries in the region. Around 25% still need support for development/adjustment of their legal framework.

Past and present support by the IAEA in the same FOA: Many Member States have engaged in a programme to establish or improve their national regulatory infrastructure for radiation safety. The IAEA has supported such activities over many years, particularly through the technical cooperation programme (Model Project on Upgrading Radiation Protection Infrastructure) and through Regional Projects (RER/9/092 and RER/9/096). In 2004, the Board of Governors and the General Conference in GOV/2004/52-GC(48)/15 endorsed a policy on Promoting Effective and Sustainable National Regulatory Infrastructure for the Control of Radiation Sources. In implementing this policy the IAEA will strengthen and accelerate its activities for promoting regulatory infrastructure.

Role if nuclear technology: This project related to developing nuclear and radiation safety infrastructure.

End users: Governments and regulatory bodies. Participating Member States will have improved legal and regulatory frameworks for compliance with the fundamental requirements of the relevant international standards and guidance and both binding and non-binding international legal instruments. This will result in safer, more secure and productive use of nuclear technology, indirectly benefiting the general population.

Partnership: OECD/NEA for Training Courses, Monpellier Institution of International Law in France

Strategy and sustainability: The Agency’s will promote a comprehensive national legal framework and establishing the necessary legal and regulatory infrastructure at the national, regional and inter-regional level through (i) interaction with individual states as well as regional groups; (ii) interface between legal and technical experts; and (iii) a multi-means approach. The latter approach combines bilateral assistance, regional and sub-regional workshops, training and capacity-building and the development of reference material for the assessment and drafting of national nuclear legislation.


Indicators Means of Verifications Assumptions Outcome Assistance provided to the

Member States in establishing comprehensive, up-to-date national legislation which complies with international standards and relevant international legal instruments

Review and amendment by Member States of their existing legislation to comply with international standards and relevant international legal instruments

• Official announcements of new or amended legislation by Governments; make copy of the law available to the Agency • National reports under NSC and JC

New or amended legislation processed through Government channels

Trained lawyers, regulators, decision makers are available in MS to ensure sustainability for the drafting of nuclear legislation

Number of persons trained in nuclear law and involved in the drafting of nuclear legislation

Training records and reports from the project counterparts

Governments make available competent counterparts to participate in the training activities and ensure funding for relevant institutions and offices to maintain staff availability

Output 1.1. Member States establish adequate national legal frameworks which comply with international standards and relevant international legal instruments

An increase in the number of countries that have reviewed and amended their existing legislation in accordance with IAEA advice to comply with international standards and relevant international legal instruments

• Reports on draft or enacted laws • Fact finding and other expert missions • Validated national reports • Project progress reports

Governments make available competent counterparts for preparing draft legislation

1.2. Country-specific action plans developed

• Number of Member States participating in project with developed and agreed action plan • Number of countries assessed for consistency between national nuclear legislation and international

Expert reports Governments make available competent counterparts to participate in the review

52

standards and relevant international legal instruments

2.1. Adequate pools of human resources established

An increase in the number of countries that have expertise to develop nuclear legislation

Training records and reports from the project counterparts

Governments make available competent counterparts to participate in the training activities and ensure funding for relevant institutions and offices to maintain staff availability


26. Supporting Decommissioning and Waste Management for the Chernobyl, Ignalina and A1 Nuclear Power Plants (RER/9/106) 19 New

Objectives: To improve the technical capacity, efficiency and safety of decommissioning and radioactive waste management





shipsScientific


Contracts Sub-Total

2012 0 80 000 0 0 0 80 000 0 0 0 80 0002013 0 65 000 0 0 0 65 000 0 0 0 65 0002014 0 55 000 0 0 0 55 000 0 0 0 55 0002015 0 60 000 0 0 0 60 000 0 0 0 60 000

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Problem Statement: Support to decommissioning and management of nuclear waste of Ignalina NPP in Lithuania, Chernobyl NPP in Ukraine and A1- NPP in Slovakia is provided through TC projects that have been active in the last two TC funding cycles. Those projects have been mostly used to support enhancing human resources capabilities in respective countries related to decommissioning and waste management through organization of various types of training, fellowships and scientific visits as well as sharing experiences with developed countries through implementation of expert missions. The IAEA support for equipment procurement was limited to Ignalina NPP and Chernobyl NPP. The following synergies between situations of Ignalina NPP, Chernobyl NPP and A1- reactor in Slovakia has been identified during TC cycle 2009-2011: 1. Ignalina NPP and ChNPP are NPPs with RBMK reactors – so similar waste facilities are required to address nuclear waste issues as well as dismantlement and decontamination techniques; 2. A1NPP and ChNPP- Unit 4 are reactors where nuclear accident occurred resulting in the fuel rods meltdown. Therefore similar problems exist in approaches to dismantling, decontamination and needed capabilities of waste facilities; 3. The first phase of decommissioning of A1 reactor is finalized. The lessons learned can be easily transferred to ChNPP and Ignalina NPP; 4. Projects that are planned for Ignalina, Chernobyl and A1 are all supported by the EU, so same vendors are competing for these jobs. IAEA is in position to provide impartial assessments and peer reviews of successes and lessons learned. It would be worthwhile to pursue sub–regional TC project that will focus on specific needs of these three NPPs relating to decommissioning planning, costing, building and planning new RW facilities and technology transfer to decommission plants and manage radioactive waste. This approach would optimize IAEA technical support.

53

Linkages with the regional efforts to address need: The Europe Regional Profile for the TCP in the Europe Region prepared in 2008 identifies four specific thematic sectors as main areas of activity for the region in the medium term, 2009–2013. Among them is Nuclear Energy – including nuclear power and fuel technology, waste technology, decommissioning, and nuclear sciences.

Past and present country efforts to address the need: The activities proposed in this project were supported by relevant national and other projects e.g. activities for Chernobyl NPP funded from different sources; planning and preparations for Ignalina NPP decommissioning studies etc. Among other actions carried out by Slovak companies, this will involve evacuating, treating and conditioning non-standard and historical radioactive waste as well as decontaminating and dismantling certain parts of the installation. Two large projects are to be implemented at the Chernobyl site: the new safe confinement for the shelter and completion of the project for dry type storage by means of an interim storage facility (ISF). The total value of the project is estimated to be around $1 billion.

Past and present support by the IAEA in the same FOA: IAEA continuously supports MS in the region in decommissioning and waste management. The proposal for consideration is to integrate IAEA efforts by constituting special regional project for three MSs on the basis of identified synergiesfrom last TC projects in the same area, e.g. LIT/3/003 „Establishing a Comprehensive Programme for Management of Radioactive Waste including Decommissioning Waste of Existing and New NPP”; UKR/3/003 „Chernobyl NPP Units Decommissioning and Radioactive Waste Management at the Site Including Shelter” and SLR/3/003 „Managing Radioactive Waste from the A-1 Nuclear Power Plant Decommissioning”. However these projects does not sufficiantly addressed to synergies to ensure more effective support and results.

Role if nuclear technology: Decommissioning of NPPs and radioactive waste management utilizes various nuclear techniques that have to be applied

End users: The primary beneficiaries of this project are organizations that carry out or support decommissioning or operations of waste management facilities at Chernobyl NPP, Ignalina NPP and A1 NPP, as well as regulators in these MSs.

Partnership: Member States, such as from USA, EU and the Russian Federation, with extensive experience in decommissioning and radioactive waste management have expressed willingness to host or provide experts for different project events devoted to training, sharing of experience and technology and know-how transfer.

Strategy and sustainability: The main approach will be to share lessons learned for decommissioning planning, costing and preparation for regulatory approvals for implementation as well for upgrading, planning and building of waste processing facilities. By enhancing networking among these MSs sustainability will be ensured for coordination of common processes, more effective use of equipment and tools developed or provided for specific activities.


Indicators Means of Verifications Assumptions Outcome To upgrade technical knowledge

of key operational personnel on specific practices, new developments and experiences in decommissioning practices, processing and storage of radioactive waste and to introduce advance approaches to improve overall quality and safety for decommissioning and radioactive waste management

Improvements of the existing waste management practices at waste management facilities by implementation of operating experience, innovative technologies, especially on common problems in the region that were topics for seminars/workshops

Self-Assessments, National and Mission Reports on the status and implementation of improved waste management practices in the facilities in the region

Operating Managers/Staff and Regulators in MS interested to improve current practices in waste management

Output Decommissioning planning, costing, building and planning of RW facilities and technology transfer to decommission plants and management of rad waste enhanced

Improvements of the existing decommissioning and RWM practices by implementation of best experiences that are discussed on topical seminars/workshops

Self-Assessments and National and Mission Reports on the status and implementation of improved practices in the facilities in the region

Adequate experts identified; Selected topics representative to address the regional problems

Technical capacity, efficiency and safety of decommissioning and waste management strengthened

Use of specific (tailored to the need) methods and technologies for decommissioning and decontamination that are

Technical reports on utilization of specific methods and experience sharing

Adequate experts identified; Selected topics representative to address the regional problems,

54

shared hardware and mock-ups available

Coordinated and optimized transition of operating organizations to decommissioning organizations achieved

Reorganization of the NPPs underway to address decommissioning and RWM needs

Self-Assessments and Mission Reports on the status of transition from Operating to Decommissioning organization

Adequate experts identified; Selected topics representative to address the regional problems

Key staff is adequately trained • Training delivered to selected key operating or regulating staff is relevant to provide for the utilization of the best practices • Number of staff adequately trained

Self-Assessment of impact of training of personnel

Key staff motivated for training


27. Strengthening Radioactive Waste Management Capabilities (RER/9/107) 19 New

Objectives: To improve capabilities of operators and regulators of radioactive waste management facilities





shipsScientific


Contracts Sub-Total

2012 0 90 000 0 0 50 000 140 000 0 0 0 140 0002013 0 120 000 0 0 35 000 155 000 0 0 0 155 0002014 0 110 000 0 0 65 000 175 000 0 0 0 175 0002015 0 97 979 0 0 65 000 162 979 0 0 0 162 979

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Problem Statement: Every country that uses nuclear technology involving radioactive materials, including mining and milling of radioactive ores generates some quantities of radioactive waste. Such waste needs to be processed through segregation, treatment, conditioning and packaging to be either stored or disposed. The disposal of radioactive waste is an issue that needs to be dealt in all Member States. There is continuous need to improve technology and human resources to enhance and strengthen the technical capacity, efficiency and safety of existing or for building new predisposal waste management facilities related to waste processing or storage. Countries with small amounts of radioactive waste usually do not have solutions for final disposal. Since predisposal management of radioactive waste needs to be aligned with the disposal solutions, timely determination of integrated national policy and strategy is essential for the safe and effective management of radioactive waste. There is a need to assist in defining efficient ways to improve existing waste management practices and to assist in the resolution of particular or common problems in Member States to address advanced approaches in radioactive waste management, such as integrated approach in planning and waste strategies implementation, waste minimization, recycling and reuse options, quality assurance and other requirements of predisposal waste management.

Linkages with the regional efforts to address need: The project is linked with the priority area of Nuclear Waste Management of the Regional Profile and Strategy in Europe for 2009 – 2013.

55

Past and present country efforts to address the need: All countries have national radioactive waste management activieties, which in details are described in their reports for Joint Convention, therefore not analysed here. There are relevant networks established by Member States, which received also some support from IAEA: Decommissioning, Low level waste disposal and Network of laboratories involved in radioactive waste characterization activities.

Past and present support by the IAEA in the same FOA: There are two on-going TC Projects: RER/3/007 "Improving Quality Management of Radioactive Waste" and RER/3/009 "Supporting Planning for the Decommissioning of Nuclear Power Plants and Research Reactors (Phase II)". The regional projects RER/3/007 and its predecessor RER/3/002 have been addressing issues related mostly to predisposal waste management. Besides these European regional projects there is an on-going international project PRISM that is the fourth in the series of near surface disposal projects that the Agency has organized since the late 1980s. Over this period there has been steady progress with implementation of safe solutions for near surface disposal of radioactive waste.

Role if nuclear technology: Decommissioning of nuclear facilities, waste management of operational and decommissioning waste utilizes various nuclear techniques that have to be applied for the management of radioactive materials, so there is no alternative to the use of nuclear techniques. The safe management of radioactive waste is a multidisciplinary issue that involves several different nuclear technologies. The treatment and conditioning of radioactive waste, the construction and operation of storage and disposal facilities needs a combination of several fields of expertise.

End users: The beneficiary will be the whole society by increasing safety by improved radioactive waste management. Specifically, companies or civil organizations involved in radioactive waste management will derive financial benefits since international experience has shown that if no appropriate segregation/ characterization and conditioning of the waste was done, a later conditioning is particularly costly. The primary beneficiaries of this project are operators of waste management facilities, laboratories and regulators in developing MS.

Partnership: Member States, such as France, Germany, UK, USA, Russian Federation etc. with extensive experience in decommissioning and radioactive waste management, have expressed willingness to host or provide experts for different project events devoted to training, sharing of experience and technology and transfer of know-how. The support of the project could be expected from the EU.

Strategy and sustainability: The main approach will be to share lessons learned for planning, costing and preparation for regulatory approvals for implementation as well as upgrading, planning and building of waste processing facilities. By enhancing networking among these MSs and partnerships will ensure sustainability for coordination of common processes, more effective use of equipment and tools developed or provided for specific activities.


Indicators Means of Verifications Assumptions Outcome Ability to assure long term

management of radioactive waste and spent nuclear fuel through developing and implementation of a national policy and strategies and relevant infrastructure

SNF/RWM infrastructure outlined

Responsibility for SNF/RWM allocated

Available staff capacities and governmental endorsement

Knowledge of managers and key operating staff on the best waste management practices and technical capacity upgraded through sharing experience at topical workshops, technical meetings and specialized training courses

Improvements of the waste management practices by implementation of operating experience, innovative technologies on common problems in the region; Number of staff adequately trained

Self-Assessments and National Reports on the status and implementation of improved waste management practices in the facilities in the region

Operating Managers/Staff and Regulators in MS interested to improve current practices in waste management

Enhanced regulatory control by improving capabilities of operators and regulators of radioactive waste management, including licensing of facilities and activities, and preparation of the safety case and supporting safety assessment

Improvements in the safe management of RW and in the existing framework for safety of RW Number of staff trained

Assessment of impact of training of personnel on waste management practices in MS

Available staff capacities and governmental endorsement

Output Ability to formulate and Draft policy and strategy Policy and strategy draft Available staff

56

implement national policy and technical strategies for managing waste and spent nuclear fuel

formulated; Strategy implemented

document capacities and governmental endorsement

Managers and key staff trained on the best practices of waste processing, storage and RADON disposal facilities

Workshops on best practices and lessons learned performed; Trainings performed • Number of staff adequately trained

Self-sssessments and national reports on the status and implementation of improved waste management practices in the facilities in the region

Selected topics representative for improvements of existing waste management practices in MS

Operators and national regulatory authorities carry out licensing and control of facilities and activities for the safe management of radioactive waste

Number of institution that identify capacities and gaps

Expert reports MS interested to participate


28. Strengthening Engineering Capabilities for GEN 3 and GEN 3+ Nuclear Power Plants (RER/9/108) 10 New

Objectives: To enhance engineering and assessment capabilities of the regulatory authorities and Utilities and of its technical support organizations for GEN 3 and GEN 3+ nuclear power plants





shipsScientific


Contracts Sub-Total

2012 6 097 90 000 0 0 90 000 186 097 0 0 00 186 0972013 4 455 150 000 0 0 90 000 244 455 0 0 00 244 455

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Problem Statement: Generic Reactors Safety Reviews conducted for new reactor safety cases have highlighted the complexity of evaluating passive safety features. All new reactors introduced to the market include passive systems and their assessment in the context of national safety regulations or international requirements will be essential. In a recent meeting of the Advisory Group of the Global Safety Assessment Network (G-SAN), this topic was targeted as an essential element for information exchange and a need for increased understanding of passive safety systems by TSOs and regulatory bodies undertaking in-depth evaluations of NPPs safety was identified. Recent extreme natural events like earthquakes, external floods, wild forest fires due to prolonged exposure to extreme high temperatures, eruption of volcanoes demonstrated that rare external events can pose a significant hazard for nuclear facilities. Also new hazard studies like PEGASOS in Switzerland contribute to more detailed hazard definition and changes in hazard perception (for seismic events). The protection against these hazards might not be sufficiently addressed in the design and siting of NPPs as these hazards were originally deemed to be of a very low frequency. The new IAEA Safety Guide on Level-1 Probabilistic Safety Assessment for NPPs (SSG-3) published in 2010 emphasizes the importance of a consistent and comprehensive assessment of risk from of all possible external hazards. The safety guidance for modern, computer-based systems that monitor, control, and protect nuclear power plants is highly technical and complex. Such systems are part of the new generation of nuclear power plants now being built. They are also being introduced into existing plants. Staff of many regulatory authorities and technical support

57

organizations is not well versed in the new technology. Even the most mature safety organizations do not have the depth of personnel needed to support upcoming safety reviews. Improvement of the human-system interface (HSI), including the main control room, is becoming an important issue in older NPPs. The solution to this problem is the modernization of control rooms using advance digital technologies. These modifications in HSIs can impact the role of personnel, the way tasks are performed, and the knowledge, skills and training required of personnel. As computer-based technologies are integrated into control rooms that were largely based on conventional technology, hybrid control rooms are created. Similarly, in new NPP designs, human factors engineering (HFE) is needed to ensure that the benefits of the new technology are fully realized and problems with its implementation are minimized. Many MSs are preparing to expand or introduce their nuclear power programme and considering about the advanced reactor technology, including new reactor design features, constructability and availability of performance. Construction schedules of NPP, from the first placement of structural concrete to grid connections have ranged from less than five years to more than twelve years. Achieving short and accurately predicted construction durations is critical to the financial success of any new power plant project.

Linkages with the regional efforts to address need: The Europe Regional Profile (ERP) for the TCP in the Europe Region prepared in 2008 identifies four specific thematic sectors as main areas of activity for the region in the medium term, 2009–2013. Nuclear and Radiation Safety is the first priority.

Past and present country efforts to address the need: National and regional workshops have been held in some of the related areas, such as modernization projects of instrumentation and control systems, operator training, simulators, but no comprehensive project was implemented that could have addressed all the relevant issues in a systematic and consistent way for both ageing NPPs and new builds. There are no other activities filling these needs: • Training on computer-based systems that monitor, control, and protect nuclear power plants is conducted by USNRC in their Chatanooga training centre. That training is available only to regulatory authorities. It is available to non-US regulatory authorities, but only on a limited basis. • The present Norwegian-funded EBP programme for safe nuclear energy in Romania contains a project devoted to assessment of external hazards related to various natural phenomena using probabilistic safety assessment. Its results may be relevant to the proposed project and could be used as an example in guidance documentation. • NE conducted a CRP on natural circulation and CRP on reliability of passive safety systems. Results of these CRPCs will support technical basis of the proposed project.

Past and present support by the IAEA in the same FOA: IAEA continuously supports MS in the region in nuclear safety. The results of this support are measurable and effective. However this project is to address synergies to ensure more effective support and results. Also this project will cover issues, which had not been addressed in the past.

Role if nuclear technology: The project is designed for Nuclear Power Plants. The following technologies will be used for addressing the issues. 1) application of nuclear specific safety criteria and approaches for Instrumentation and Control of nuclear power plants; 2) meeting the safety requirements of the human-system interface technologies are computer-based digital technologies of NPP industry impose on all NPP safety systems in terms of reliability, redundancy, maintainability, diversity, independence and defence-in-depth; 3) Content and performance of construction inspection of NPPs; 4) Nuclear power plant construction management.

End users: The users will be: The users will be: Regulatory authorities; Technical support organizations; Nuclear power plant operators; Vendors of nuclear power plant instrumentation and control equipment and systems; Decision makers; Research Organizations.

Partnership: Close partnership is expected under the Global Safety Assessment Network and its member institutes. Contribution of knowledge and expertise will be supplied by national institutions and partners including well-established TSOs, academic institutes, national regulatory organizations and other regional organizations. HRP, EdF, EPRI, and AECL should be approached for requesting their participation in the project. They are potential sources of experts, lecturers, and technical documents to be used to implement the project.

Strategy and sustainability: A specially selected Technical Steering Committee would oversee the project's technical content. The main approach will be to share lessons learned. By enhancing networking among MSs will be ensured sustainability for coordination of common processes, more effective and safe use of equipment and tools developed or provided for specific activities. A regional approach is the most effective mechanism because the number of I&C specialists needed is small in many nuclear power states and in prospective nuclear power states. These states cannot dedicate resources required to train their staff in NPP I&C fundamentals and safety approaches. Division of Nuclear Installation Safety sees the need to promote more in-depth understanding of passive safety features and would like to collaborate with European TSOs and regulatory bodies on developing approaches and

58

criteria for review in support of decision-making, training and advisory services with respect to passive safety systems.


Indicators Means of Verifications Assumptions Outcome Assessment capabilities of

the protection of NPPs against region-specific external hazards enhanced

• # of MS in the region addressing new safety–related finding • # of trainees and project participating MS

• Technical report and application of new approaches • Expert mission reports

Participants have to bring their data and share experiences Involvement of Regulators, Utilities and TSOs to have consensus

Capabilities for NPPs instrumentation and control systems evaluations and for human-machine interface engineering enhanced

• # of NPPs application of digital I&C system or preparation of modernization of I&C systems • # of trainees and project participating MS

• WS technical proceedings and training course material • Expert mission reports

Request of expert mission to review human machine interface and digital I&C system Involvement of Regulators, Utilities and TSOs to have consensus

Enhancing construction technologies and management for new or expanding nuclear power program

• # of new or expanding projects for construction of new NPP • # of MS which have substantially contributed to prepare the report versus number of participating MS

WS technical proceedings and recommendations

Participant institutions willing to take on board lesson learned from counties which are constructing NPPs, e.g. China, Finland, France, Korea, Japan, India, Romania, Slovakia etc.

Output Integrated and comprehensive approach for the analysis and risk assessment of external hazards of NPPs developed

# of institutions which have provided substantial contributions to identify capacities and gaps

• Technical report • Expert mission reports

Participant institutions willing to share external hazards data and procedures

Guidelines and training program for safety I&C system and design of advanced control rooms, both new and modernized, developed

# of institutions which have provided substation contributions to identify capacities and gaps


Participant institutions willing to take on board lesson learned from counties

Advanced construction technologies and management approaches to optimize the construction period and improvement quality and share lessons learned

# of trainees and project participant institutions



29. Strengthening Education and Training Infrastructures and Building Competence in Radiation Safety (RER/9/109) 09 New

Objectives: To strengthen radiation safety through the development of sustainable and effective education and training programmes in radiation safety that are based on identified needs, and by developing national and regional expertise in radiation safety.



59



shipsScientific


Contracts Sub-Total

2012 7 000 54 000 0 0 110 000 171 000 0 0 0 171 0002013 14 000 54 000 0 0 100 000 168 000 0 0 0 168 0002014 14 000 54 000 0 0 130 000 198 000 0 0 0 198 0002015 14 000 0 0 0 196 000 210 000 0 0 0 210 000

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Problem Statement: Building competence through education and training in radiation safety is fundamental to the establishment of a comprehensive and sustainable national infrastructure for radiation safety, which in turn is essential for protecting people from the harmful effects of radiation. Especially important to the effectiveness of such an infrastructure is the education and training of regulators, future decision makers, as well as, amongst others, key personnel from relevant technical, medical and industrial institutions. Although the majority of MSs in Europe have some form of education and training programme in radiation safety, not many have established a national strategy for building competence in this important area, fundamental to the sustainability of the national infrastructure for radiation safety. The development of the national strategy for building competence through education and training is a basic prerequisite for a common understanding of problems within the region. Such a strategy should consider existing and foreseeable needs, taking into account national capabilities and resources and the possible utilization of regional and/or international resources. MS can develop the national strategies for E&T in radiation safety that are consistent with IAEA Safety Standards and guidance with IAEA support. Harmonization of qualification requirements is essential for successful cooperation within the region. When a national action plan is established, individual actions can be fulfilled with the help of the IAEA/EU projects support. The General Conference resolutions emphasized the importance of implementing a Strategy for Education and Training in Nuclear, Radiation, Transport and Waste Safety in the Member States, and called upon the Secretariat to strengthen and expand its programme of training and education activities, while focusing on building institutional, technical and managerial capabilities in Member States. One of the main competence building tools is the Postgraduate Educational Course (PGEC) at the Regional Training Centres. Further to this basic professional training course, specialisation in a particular safety area is obtained by attending specialised training courses. The educational course is aimed at young professionals. Networking has been recognized as an important tool for sustaining development in different areas. In radiation safety there are initiatives to establish a network focused on different areas of interest and to create a platform for the discussion of common problems, sharing experiences and supporting a harmonized approach to similar issues.

Linkages with the regional efforts to address need: The Europe Regional Profile for the TCP in the Europe Region prepared in 2008 identifies four specific thematic sectors as main areas of activity for the region in the medium term, 2009–2013. Among them is nuclear and radiation safety.

Past and present country efforts to address the need: Some few EU countries of the region have participated in EC-funded projects to support the harmonization of the E&T requirements for personnel with responsibilities in radiation protection and to promote the establishment of networks of regulators and other stakeholders in the field.

Past and present support by the IAEA in the same FOA: Previous TC projects (e.g.: RER/9/101 Building Competence Through Education and Training in Support of Radiation Protection Infrastructures; RER9090 Education and Training in support of radiation protection infrastructures) have facilitated, to a large extent, the implementation of the IAEA strategic plan on education and training in radiation safety. Regional training centres have been developed and students have participated in a range of courses including the post graduate educational course on radiation protection and the safety of radioactive sources (PGEC). Through Education and Training in Support of Radiation Protection Infrastructure, personnel have been trained in radiation protection and safety of radiation sources and participation of experts in workshops and meetings have been supported. There is a need to further support the process of building competence through education and training. A regional approach to build competence through education and training in radiation safety will allow MS to develop national strategies in a synergistic way, while at the same time meeting national needs. Regional training events and educational courses will make effective use of existing expertise in the region, and will promote less reliance on IAEA.

Role if nuclear technology: Educational courses and training events in radiation safety cover the whole range of areas for the use of nuclear technologies, such as in industry, medicine and research.

End users: Regulators; Policy and decision makers; Qualified experts; Radiation Protection Officers (RPO); Training centres at National and Regional Level.

60

Partnership: N/A

Strategy and sustainability: According to the IAEA “Strategic Approach to Education and Training in Radiation, Transport and Waste safety (2011-2020)” (note 44 to the Board, September 2010) Member States are expected to take the ownership of the process of establishing sustainable education and training infrastructures to achieve the desired level of competence. The sustainability will be ensured through the development and implementation of national strategies to strengthen education and training in radiation, transport and waste safety, considering the needs at national level and optimizing the available resources across all the Member States in the region. An approach based on four-interlinked phases (RS-G-1.4), where the outcome of one phase is the starting point for the next phase , will be adopted: identification of the training needs, design of a national training programme, development and implementation of the national training programme, evaluation and feedback.


Indicators Means of Verifications Assumptions Outcome Participating MS have

developed a national E&T strategy in radiation safety in line with the IAEA strategic approach to E&T in this area.

# of MS that have developed an E&T strategy in radiation safety; # of MS that have an Action Plan to implement a National Strategy for radiation safety (by end 2015)

Reports from MS; RASIMS (as the data becomes available); Reports from regional workshops

There are procedures and associated resources to put in place the E&T strategy

Increased expertise in radiation safety consistent with the BSS

Number of trained and educated experts in radiation safety compared to identified needs

Reports from training centres & MS

Output MS are familiarized with the IAEA Strategy for E&T in radiation safety

# of MS participating in awareness seminars

Reports from seminars MS willing to adopt IAEA strategy and guidance

Competent bodies have agreed to a procedure for developing, endorsing and implementing an E&T strategy in radiation safety, and National E&T strategy drafted.

# of MS that have a procedure for developing, endorsing and implementing an E&T strategy; # of MS with draft E&T strategy

Reports from MS that describe the procedure; Copy of draft strategy

Competent bodies willing to cooperate; Competent bodies are entitled and empowered to make decision as necessary

Compliance of E&T infrastructure in radiation protection assessed

# of MS assessed on their compliance of E&T infrastructure

Reports from MS / Reports from EM

MS follows a harmonized approach, and are committed to improve the E&T infrastructure

Information in RASIMS updated

# of MS entering data into RASIMS

RASIMS reports MSs committed to provide the information and be available to clarify questions

Radiation protection experts trained and educated in relevant IAEA Safety Standards (including the new BSS)

# of students attending the IAEA post graduate course on radiation protection; # of students attending RPO training events; # of students attending Train-the-Trainers events (included in PGEC)

Reports from training centres; Reports to Steering Committee on E&T

MS can release staff for longer training events


30. Strengthening the Inspection Capabilities and Programmes of the Regulatory Authorities (RER/9/110) 09 New

Objectives: To improve the capabilities of the regulatory bodies by defining and implementing effective inspection programmes for nuclear installations and by sharing experience and mutual support, taking into accounter state-of-the-art methodologies and including the oversight of human and organisational factors (HOF) and Integrated

61

Management System (IMS), during operation and decommissioning.





shipsScientific


Contracts Sub-Total

2012 20 000 105 000 0 0 0 125 000 0 0 0 125 0002013 20 000 80 000 0 0 50 000 150 000 0 0 0 150 0002014 25 000 40 000 0 0 150 000 215 000 0 0 0 215 0002015 20 000 40 000 0 0 100 000 160 000 0 0 0 160 000

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Problem Statement: The regulatory bodies have to oversee the operator's activities to ensure that the facility is operated safely. In the course of its routine activities, the regulators have to make judgements on the acceptability of safety level of the regulated facilities. A key challenge for regulators is to define a reliable approach that is systematic, comprehensive, based on well-defined acceptable crtieria and guidelines and sufficiently pragmatism in order to reach sound conclusions and make timely decisions. Inspections to verify that a plant is constructed, operated and maintained in accordance with the safety case is one fundamental role of a nuclear regulatory body. In the past, a number of IAEA documents and training courses have emphasised the importance of this role. Different countries have adopted different approaches to develop their inspection programmes and practices. Embarking countries are also looking at how to develop their own inspection programmes. It is therefore timely to review the various practices and share the experiences to date. Taking into account new programmes and modern practices life extensions of existing reactors is important to ascertain that inspection activities focus on those areas which pose the high risk. It has been noted at various regulatory forums and in findings of IAEA review missions (e.g. IRRS) that there is room for improvement in the current regulatory assessment capabilities of operators' programmes in the area of human and organizational factors (HOF) and conduct of oversight, including review and assessment and inspection functions. The expansion of existing nuclear power programmes require additional attention to HOF from the early construction stages. Support to define regulatory requirements, prepare guides and integrate the assessment of HOF within the regulatory inspection programmes is necessary. While each country has developed its own system to oversee HOF, the methods in use to reinforce defence-in-depth, based on organisational reliability, can benefit from co-operation between countries by sharing expereciences. The traditional use of reactive assessment methods for detecting organizational weakness are widely use. However, they can be complemented with a proactive approach to assess the HOF as leading indicators of performance problems. Complementary application of these methods should be further analysed and supported by regional activities.

Linkages with the regional efforts to address need: This project is directly connected to priority sector 1 (nuclear installation safety/nuclear safety infrastructure) of the European Regional Profile for 2009 - 2013. Besides, it is in line with Core Value "Safety, Security and Non-proliferation" of the Strategy for the Technical Cooperation Programme in the Europe region.

Past and present country efforts to address the need: This project addresses nuclear safety of nuclear installations, which have been and continues to be a priority issue for TC Europe region bearing in mind the large number of countries operating nuclear installations. However, so far there have been no regional efforts to assist Member States in the introduction of state-of-the-art inspection methodologies following a risk-informed performance-based approach and in the establishment of robust procedures for supervising the Human and Organizational Factors programmes of the licensees. These two specific subjects are new as such in the TC programme.

Past and present support by the IAEA in the same FOA: The field of activity, "legal, governmental and emergency preparedness and response infrastructures" has been the aim of numerous TC projects, in particular of those intended to reinforce the nuclear safety regulatory infrastructure of counties operating large nuclear

62

installations. The support provided by he IAEA under the TC programme has contributed for the regulatory bodies of the region to continuously improve their capabilities to oversight the safety status of the nuclear installations.

Role if nuclear technology: This project is intrinsically aimed at the use of nuclear energy

End users: Immediate beneficiaries are the regulatory authorities and Technical Support Organizations of Member States of European region. End user beneficiary will be the population at large, who will benefit from the safe use of nuclear power.

Partnership: OECD/ NEA/ CSNI - Working Group on Human and Organizational Factors WWER Working Group on Human and Orgaizational Factors

Strategy and sustainability: The strategy followed in the design consist in impleming in parallel activities aimed at sharing experience, identify key elements for training staff and trainers, deliver training and recopilate good practices in appropriate IAEA reports for inspection approaches and oversight of HOF methods. The design of the project closes with joint activities aimed to identify commonalities and create synergies between modern risk-based inspection approaches and HOF practices.


Indicators Means of Verifications Assumptions Outcome Capabilities of the regulatory bodies

enhanced by design and implementation of effective inspection programmes that takes into account modern methodologies, including the oversight of the operators’ human and organizational factors (HOF) and Integrated Management Systems (IMS) during operation and decommissioning

Nmber of regulatory bodies of participating MS which have updated their inspection programmes; Number of regulatory bodies of participating MS which have updated their procedures to oversight operators HOF and IMS

State reports; Expert reports

Participating MS willing to implement lessons learned and implement changes in their inspection and oversight programmes

Output Staff of the regulatory bodies trained on the preparation of risk-informed performance-based inspection programmes following a graded approach

Number of participating MS which have provided substantial input in the preparation of the status report and working material;

State reports; Expert report; TC (AIPS) information

MS willing to make use of risk-informed performance-based inspection approached

Status report prepared in relation to inspection methodologies and types of inspections used by participating MS during NPPs construction and operation, including the material to be used as input for the planned revision of IAEA GS-G-1.3


Expert reports; TC (AIPS) information

There is an on-going plan to update IAEA GS-G-1.3

Staff of regulatory bodies trained on the preparation of regulatory procedures for the review and oversight of Human and Organizational Factors (HOF) programmes and Integrated Management Systems of the operators

Number participating MS which have trained key staff to ensure sustainability

State reports; Expert report; TC (AIPS) information

MS willing to update their procedures for the oversight of operators HOF and IMS

Status reports prepared on regulatory requirements and inspection programmes to review and oversee of HOF programmes and IMS of the operators (the working material will be used as an input to develop an IAEA safety report on HOF programmes)


Expert reports; TC (AIPS) information

There is an on-going plan to produce a safety report on HOP programmes

Synergies between risk-informed performance based inspection programmes and the programmes for the oversight of the HOF and integrated management analysed and taken on board by participating MS

Number of participating MS which have confirmed their interest in making use of the lesson learned


MS willing to take on board lessons learned


63

31. Establishing a Sustainable National Regulatory Infrastructure for Nuclear and Radiation Safety (RER/9/111) 09 New

Objectives: To achieve and maintain effective and sustainable regulatory infrastructures for safety in accordance with relevant IAEA safety standards and guidance aimed to enhance effectiveness of the regulatory programmes.





shipsScientific


Contracts Sub-Total

2012 10 000 70 000 0 0 80 000 160 000 0 0 0 160 0002013 30 000 175 000 0 0 0 205 000 0 0 0 205 0002014 65 000 225 000 0 0 0 290 000 0 0 0 290 0002015 40 000 140 000 0 0 0 180 000 0 0 0 180 000Blank




shipsScientific


Contracts Sub-Total

2012 60 000 80 000 0 0 0 140 000 0 0 00 140 0002013 10 000 50 000 0 0 0 60 000 0 0 00 60 0002014 60 000 50 000 0 0 0 110 000 0 0 00 110 0002015 0 100 000 0 0 0 100 000 0 0 00 100 000

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Problem Statement: Member States of Europe region have in place a operatonal regulatory infrastructure, with established regulatory body and programme. However, some countries are not yet achieved full compliance with relevant IAEA Safety Standards and have gaps in their regulatory functions. Therefore, there is still is a need to assist MS to implement some elements of the IAEA safety standards and guidance (BSS 115, GS-R-1, the Code of Conduct on the Safety and Security of Radioactive Sources, and the Guidance on the Import and Export of Radioactive Sources). This assistance will build on the past achievements. One area of particular concern in a number of MS of Europe region is developing and promulgating a comprehensive set of regulations regulating present and planned installations and practices of ionizing radiation. In recent times a number of newly independent states have been established in Europe region. These new states are having difficulties in establishing a effective legal and governmental regulatory framework that is consistent with IAEA and other international safety standards. In addition, a number of Member States of the region are presently negotiating their accession to the European Union and need to align their legal and regulatory framework on nuclear and radiation safety in line to those of the EU. In addition, MS are expected to timely embrace advances in safety regulatory infrastructures that is occurring in the global safety regime and, in particular, in the provisions of the IAEA safety requirements. In order to facilitate these, the IAEA has developed over a time certain methodologies and tools to assist MS to identify, in a systematic manner, the strengths and weaknesses in their system and how address those gaps in order to enhance the effectiveness and sustainability of the regulatory programme. Furthermore, the IAEA uses its own platform to follow up on progress in building the regulatory infrastructure for radiation safety (RASIMS). Updating the information in this system is very so that the Agency can focus on the required support for addressing those gaps and priorities.

Linkages with the regional efforts to address need: This project is directly connected to priority sector 1 (nuclear and radiation safety: a) ratiation and waste safety/national regulatory infrastructure and b) nuclear installation safety/nuclear safety infrastructure)of the European Regional Profile for 2009 - 2013. Besides, it is in line with Core Value "Safety, Security and Non-proliferation" of the Strategy for the Technical Cooperation Programme in the Europe region.

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Past and present country efforts to address the need: All Member States of ther region have made strong efforts to improve their regulatory infrastructures over the time. At the regional scale, the support provided by the IAEA under the Technical Cooperation programme has been the most effective mean to ensure a harmonized and comprehensive approach to reinforcing the regulatory infrastructure of the countries. In addition, a number of EU-funded activites, like the old TACIS and PHARE programme, and other cooperation mechanisms involving regulators from countries inside and outside the EU have been instrumental to enhance the regulatory infrastructure. To a lesser extent, bilateral programmes have also contributed in assisitent Member States of the region in this.

Past and present support by the IAEA in the same FOA: Support to MS in improving safety regulatory infrastructure is a continuous priority activity of the TC Programme. The support provided over the time by the IAEA under the TCP has been instrumental for MS of Europe region to constantly improve the regulatory infrastructure. As of today, many MS of Europe regional have achieved a remarkable safety regulatory infrastructure, which is a key asset for fostering technical cooperation within the region. Supporting the transference of technology and know-how in the field of safety among MS of the region have proven to be a very effective and efficient way of deploying IAEA support under the TCP and will be continued and reinforced under this project, in particular for the direct benefit of those MS with a weaker regulatory infrastructure at the present stage.


End users: Immediate users of this project will be the regulatory bodies and their technical support organizations. The end users as such will be the society at large, which will enjoy a safer use of ionizing radiation.

Partnership: Potential partners for the project are the European Commission (in particular, but not only, for MS eligibles for cooperation under the Instrument of Nuclear Safety Cooperation and/or the Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance) and the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission.

Strategy and sustainability: The strategy of the project foresees a progressive implementation of its activities driven by the completion of a graded self-assessment and the preparation of a strategic plan to address the gaps and weaknesses. In parallel, support to revise and complete developing the regulations and to complete and retain updated RASIMS system will be provided to provide the continuity to efforts initiated under RER9096. The project design will also take advantage of the synergies between radiation and nuclear safety to the extend possible, so that a more effective and efficient use of resources is ensured at any given time by minimizing installation-specific events and by benefiting from the experience of countries with a more advance regulatory infrastructure.


Indicators Means of Verifications Assumptions Outcome Comprehensive understanding of the

current status of all participating States with respect to IAEA requirements for their national regulatory infrastructure and of the on-going plans to address them.

Number of MS with fully updated RASIMS profiles;

RASIMS MS are committed to implement the action plan to improve weaknesses and fill the gaps identified from the self-assessment; MS committed to put in place the policy and strategy for knowledge and competence management to ensure sustainability of the regulatory infrastructure

All participating States have achieved a national regulatory infrastructure for safety sufficient to deliver all regulatory functions and, when necessary, have prepared a comprehensive and sound action plan aimed to correct weaknesses and fill gaps identified from a self-assessment.

Number of MS which have developed action plans to address gaps in the safety infrastructure (if so necessary); Number of MS which have expressed support to the CoC and GIERS

State reports; IAEA data base

The regulatory bodies of all participating Member States have in place a policy and strategy for knowledge and competence management to ensure sustainability of the regulatory infrastructure

Number of MS which have developed strategies for knowledge and competence management

State reports; Reports from regional coordination meetings

Output Completed a self-assessment of the national infrastructure for safety

Number of MS which have sent to the IAEA

State reports; IAEA databases

National stakeholders – including government

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utilising the IAEA methodology and SAT software and submitted a completed SAT file to the IAEA

a completed SAT file decision-makers – willing and ready to prepare an action plan as a result to deal with the issues identified in the self-assessment

Based on the outcomes of the self-assessment, robust, updated regulations, guidance, procedures and means available to address the requirements set out in GSR Part 1, BSS and the guidance contained in CoC and GIERS

Number of MS which have revised or drafted new regulations in line with IAEA; Number of MS with regulatory framework reflecting

State reports; Expert missions; RASIMS

There is support from the national authorities to put into force the updated regulations; There is government commitment to initiate the necessary reforms in the regulatory framework to enforce the new regulations

Based on the self-assessment, regulatory functions reinforced/implemented (notification, authorisation, review and assessment, inspection and enforcement)as of IAEA requirements and guidance and prioritized depending on the status of RASIMS

Number of requests received from MS based on the conclusions of the self-assessment; Number of requests received from MS to address priorities in accordance with RASIMS status

SAT file provided by MS; RASIMS

Self-assessment has been completed and documented; There is government commitment to provide adequate means (including staff and budget) for the regulatory bodies to be able to implement its regulatory functions in accordance with IAEA requirements

Developed policy and strategy for knowledge and competence management of the regulatory bodies of MS - including recruitment and training of staff – based on relevant methodologies to analyse workload and workforce planning

Number of MS which have developed a policy and strategy for knowledge and competence management


There is commitment to put into force the provisions of the policy and strategy

Established country-wide processes and procedures for national coordination and cooperation on matters relating to safety

Number of agreements (MoU or any other modality) signed between the regulatory body and other national authorities or competent bodies


MS have adequate procedures and there is commitment of local stakeholders involved in safety matters

Project implementation fully coordinated and lessons learned and progress reported

Number of project inputs implemented within the planned year.; Number of project inputs implemented within budget +/- 20%; Project completed on time

TC (AIPS) data Head of regulatory bodies are committed to improve the organization and procedures and practices of the regulatory bodies when necessary – as resulting from the self-assessment.


32. Enhancing Management, Organization and Effectiveness of the Regulatory Authorities (RER/9/112) 09 New

Objectives: To improve the attributes and internal management system of the regulatory authorities, including organisational factors, public communication and participation, and performance


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shipsScientific


Contracts Sub-Total

2012 0 70 000 0 0 50 000 120 000 0 0 0 120 0002013 20 000 40 000 0 0 100 000 160 000 0 0 0 160 000

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Problem Statement: Implementation of the requirements of relevant IAEA Safety Standards (namely, SF-1, GS-R-1 and GS-R-3) concerning the organisation and management of the regulatory body requires an integrated approach, which should reflect also the recent experience gained by the regulatory authorities during the oversight of NPPs construction. This approach should bring together advice on organizing and managing a regulatory body, including: • organising and funding a regulatory body; • managing a regulatory body; • acquiring, developing and maintaining the necessary human and physical resources and • identifying and structuring processes for managing the organization. IAEA had organized, in cooperation with the Member Sates, several activities dealing with those aspects and the IAEA safety guide addressing these issues is currently under revision. The results of IAEA review missions, such as Integrated Regulatory Review Service(IRRS), as well as the information provided by participants during workshops and seminars, indicate that, while many regulatory authorities are in the process of establishing a (integrated) management system and are trying to address the complex interfaces with stakeholders (including, but not limited to, technical support organizations, contractors, design organization and manufacturers of safety-related systems, structures and components) additional guidance, practical examples and exchange of information among regulatory authorities are necessary for achieving the desired level of effectiveness for organizational processes. The complexity of interfaces among stakeholders, particularly during the construction of large installations, and how they should be addressed by regulatory body's processes deserves further analyses. This includes the role of regulators in conducting regulatory oversight of contractors and manufacturers of equipment. In addition, open and objective communication with all interested parties and effective independence in regulatory decision-making, stipulated in the IAEA safety standards as an essential requirement, continue to be singled out as an area of concern which needs to be dealt with by governmental and regulatory bodies. These efforts should be supported by a systematic and active exchange of information among regulatory bodies and organization of various activities, including workshops, expert missions and training.

Linkages with the regional efforts to address need: This project is directly connected to priority sector 1 (nuclear and radiation safety: a) waste and radiation safety/national regulatory infrastructure and b) nuclear installation safety/nuclear safety infrastructure) of the European Regional Profile for 2009 - 2013. Besides, it is in line with Core Value "Safety, Security and Non-proliferation" of the Strategy for the Technical Cooperation Programme in the Europe region.

Past and present country efforts to address the need: Several regulatory organizations are in the process of establishing their integrated management systems, by making the transition from an ISO-based system. Collecting and disseminating experience with implementation of integrated management system and organizational aspects will facilitate this process and allow for harmonization of approaches in the region. In addition, the expansion and introduction of new nuclear power programmes and/or large installations making use of ionizing radiation requires upgrading of some regulatory processes, which should take into consideration the increased role of communication with all interested parties and stakeholders' involvement. Specific activities that will be dealt with within the scope of the project will focus on the practical development, implementation and assessment of regulatory processes during early phases of construction of the installations, regulatory effectiveness, and the development of regulatory values and ethical programme, including leadership for safety. A regional approach is more suitable than a national because the main goal is to share experience among regulators, TSOs and operators in Europe region for them to improve their regulatory infrastructure in a sustainable manner.

Past and present support by the IAEA in the same FOA: Previous assistance in this area was provided by IAEA through some regional projects, in particar RER 9098, but also under RER9099 and others. As a result, the regulatory authorities are familiar with the requirements and guidance provided by the relevant IAEA safety standards and the existing status of development in the region. In the previous TC cycle the support focused more on the assistance to the operating organizations rather than to the regulatory bodies. This support was provided mainly in cooperation with FORATOM, the European association of NPP operators under RER9098. The results achieved from this support is a better understanding of GS-R-3 requirements, the associated regulatory provisions and the practical difficulties to implement it within the operating organizations. Certain support has been provided to the

67

regulators under RER9099 and RER9098; however, this support was not directly addressing the requirements of GS-R-3 in what specifically regards to the regulatory bodies. Besides, primary attention was given to regulators of countries operating nuclear power plants. This new projects aims to complement earlier support and extend it to all regulatory bodies of the region to the extend necessary.

Role if nuclear technology: This project is intrinsically aimed at nuclear technology

End users: Immediate users of this project will be the regulatory bodies, their technical support organizations and the operating organizations of participating countries. The end users as such will be the society at large, which will enjoy of a safer use of nuclear energy and nuclear technologies.

Partnership: Potential partners for the project are the European Commission (for MS eligible for cooperation under the Instrument of Nuclear Safety Cooperation and/or the Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance), the US NRC, the EU Joint Research Centre (in particular Karlsruhe) and FORATOM.

Strategy and sustainability: The strategy of the project follows closely the safety requirements of GS-R-3 (now GSR-Part 2) in what is applicable to the organization of the nuclear safety regulatory bodies. Moreover, the project will enjoy from past experience gained from other TC projects in supporting MS to implement the requirements of the GS-R-3 and related safety guidance, in particular the experience gained from the implementation of TC project RER/9/098, which included joint workshop organized with FORATOM to discuss the implementation of GS-R-3.


Indicators Means of Verifications Assumptions Outcome Integrated management systems

(IMS) of the regulatory bodies – and its technical support organizations – in place in line with relevant IAEA safety standards

Number of MS which have developed an IMS

State reports Regulatory bodies of participating MS committed to sustain the IMS

Programmes in place to perform the regulatory review and oversight of the integrated IMS of operators and suppliers

Number of MS which have developed regulatory programmes to review the IMS of operators and suppliers

State reports Regulatory bodies of participating MS committed to enforce the regulatory programmes

Output Regulatory bodies’ values and ethical programme developed and staff trained on the implementation of integrated management based on a process driven approach

# of regulatory bodies which have developed values and ethical programmes; # of trainees who have reached appropriate competence level

State reports; TC (AIPS) information; Experts reports

Regulatory bodies committed to develop and put into operation a values and ethical programme and IMS

Regulatory body’s competence developed to review and oversee the IMS of operators and suppliers

# of regulatory bodies which have prepare procedures to review and oversee operators´ IMS

State reports; Experts reports

Regulatory bodies committed to develop procedures to review and oversee the IMS of the operators


33. Strengthening Radiation Protection of Patients during Medical Procedures (RER/9/113) 12 New

Objectives: To enhance capabilities in the Member States in assessing and documenting reduction of radiation doses to patients without affecting diagnostic efficacy, avoidance of radiation injuries to patients and medical staff and avoidance of accidental exposures

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shipsScientific


Contracts Sub-Total

2012 8 710 45 000 0 0 125 000 178 710 30 000 0 30 000 208 7102013 17 820 45 000 0 0 125 000 187 820 0 0 00 187 820

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Problem Statement: The experience of previous regional project RER 9093 has shown that in many countries: 1. The number of radiological procedures are increasing while there is a lack of justification and optimization of radiation exposure consistent with International Basic Safety Standards; 2. The patients are undergoing multiple high dose procedure with individual patient dose in the range of 100 mSv or more; 3. The radiological procedures for children are increasing and there are many situations when pregnant patients undergo radiological procedures; 4. There is a lack of operational reporting systems for incidents in radiation medicine; 5. There are no mechanisms for radiation exposure history or tracking of medical radiation exposures; 6. Some categories of staff are having increased incidence of radiation cataract; 7. Newer technologies like PET/CT are being introduced and there is a need to implement radiation protection practice in this area.

Linkages with the regional efforts to address need: The Europe Regional Profile for the TCP in the Europe Region prepared in 2008 identifies four specific thematic sectors as main areas of activity for the region in the medium term, 2009–2013. Among them is "Nuclear and Radiation Safety".

Past and present country efforts to address the need: No specific regional efforts had been made, besides those so far been implemented through IAEA.

Past and present support by the IAEA in the same FOA: Earlier regional projects in this area have identified problems and gaps as projected in Problem Statement above. They focussed on few principal medical institutions and the coverage needs to be extended so that the project can lead to direct impact on the protection of the patient in accordance with requirements in the International Basic Safety Standards. Building national capacity to this effect, using local specialists trained, and technical capabilities developed through the project, will be key factors in this process. The achievements of RER 9093 were a) initiation of patient dosimetry in more than half countries in the region b) optimization actions to reduce patient doses in about 40% countries in region c) development of experts in region and d) possibility of one centre to become training centre in 2012 itself.

Role if nuclear technology: The use of ionizing radiations in medicine for diagnostic and therapeutic purpose is well established and beneficial, provided safety considerations are maintained.

End users: The end users are the patients, clinicians, medical physicists and technologists.

Partnership: National authorities will participate and contribute. Under International Action Plan on Radiation Protection of Patients, a large number of international organizations are playing role in steering the sub-program.

Strategy and sustainability: Six monthly reports against defined tasks of the project, outputs clearly drawn and direction of work directed to achieve outcome. RER 9093 has been considered by MS as a project that has record of successful implementation. The SAFRAD reporting system for incidents was developed under Regular Budget. Regional implementation of the incident reporting requires guidance and supports, and any modifications needed based on regional observations on implementation in Member States will be covered under the project.


Indicators Means of Verifications Assumptions Outcome Enhanced level of patient - The amount of Documentation/reports from Appropriate counterparts are

69

and staff radiation protection in radiological procedures consistent with the IAEA International Basic Safety Standards

radiation dose reduction in % to patients, but maintaining diagnostic quality. - # of radiation injuries to patients and staff.

users and results in publications; Information on RPOP website of IAEA

nominated /selected. Counterpart is able to achieve cooperation with users in hospitals. Commitment of the Regulatory Authorities and counterparts to disseminate reports and information to users.

Enhanced safety of specific groups like children and pregnant women

- The amount of radiation doses reduction in % to children, but maintaining diagnostic quality. - # of cases of radiation exposure to pregnant women

Reports from counterparts and results in publications; Information on RPOP website of IAEA

Increased capacity and capability of medical staff on optimization of radiation protection in radiological procedures

- # of training programs with curriculum oriented to specific needs of the project - # of medical staff trained

-Results of data collection that indicate utilization of training programmes. -Training course records

Output Protocols developed/revised for survey of radiation doses to patients in different medical imaging modalities, and patients dose results collected

Agreement by experts on protocols, and successful application of them for data collection in surveys

-Result of evaluation by experts -Result of survey applying protocol

Nominees in the project are relevant professionals with capability to contribute effectively and they are able to achieve cooperation within country with different players.

Specific guidelines for safety of children and pregnant women (in English and Russian)

Agreement by experts on guidelines

Publication on website Suitable experts available

Medical and technical staff trained with relevant skills

-# of staff trained -# of data collection forms filled up by trainee after training in subsequent months

-Training course reports -Data collection forms received from trainee

Nominees in the project are relevant professionals with capability to contribute effectively and they are able to achieve cooperation within country with different players.


34. Delivering Effective Transport Safety Regimes (RER/9/114) 13 New

Objectives: To deliver effective transport compliance assurance regimes in the Member States





shipsScientific


Contracts Sub-Total

2012 132 000 50 000 0 0 0 182 000 0 0 00 182 0002013 16 929 35 000 0 0 0 51 929 0 0 00 51 9292014 200 000 0 0 0 0 200 000 0 0 00 200 0002015 213 965 40 000 0 0 0 253 965 0 0 00 253 965

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PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Problem Statement: Transport of radioactive material is a well established area of regulation. As transport routes change and industry consolidates there is evidence that the application of the regulations in Member States (the compliance regime) needs to be addressed. Part of the wider issue is the success of projects under TSA1 that have led to the involvement of new regulators. The ability to integrate these with the existing transport regulatory regime is becoming important. The problem is being evidenced in several ways, including the effect on denial of shipment. Following a study, the EC have voiced the opinion: "The currently existing comprehensive and stringent transport regulatory framework has proven to be effective in minimising the radiological impact for normal and accidental conditions of transport. However, the national deviations and disparities in the regulatory requirements and practices, which often appear to be minor, can have a major impact on trans-boundary transport of radioactive material in terms of the extra effort, time and (technical/financial) resources required by transport operators to comply with the specific national duties and requirements. Consequently, these can represent a major regulatory burden for shippers and carriers involved in intra-community and international radioactive material transport operations. These also increase the potential for non-compliances and shipment denials." Where it is difficult to ship radioactive material in compliance with varying national regulations this can lead to lower respect for regulation and eventually compliance problems.

Linkages with the regional efforts to address need: Regional Profile and Strategy in Europe for 2009 – 2013 – a part of the Mission is “To promote regional networks for exchange of nuclear technologies, know-how, and information” and “To identify in a comprehensive manner and apply in a balanced way, nuclear technologies that can be used to address national and regional needs, and promote their sustainable use.” It also co-relates to thematic sector of radiation safety, for which in the past the area implemented under the umbrella of radiation protection regulatory infrastructure.

Past and present country efforts to address the need: Past efforts have been very responsive in nature, and have been included mainly in TSA1, Regulatory Infrastructure. However the evidence gathering as part of the denial of shipment studies have demonstrated that the regulatory implementation is not the crucial issue any longer, but it is the application of the regulations. In Europe, some work has been conducted by the Association of European Competent Authorities, as well as EU, and there are moves for some European Regulations to support the reduction in variations, but larger differences lie in the administrative arrangements that this will not solve.

Past and present support by the IAEA in the same FOA: This is a new Field of Activity, however some support for the region has previously been given as a small part of a number of projects in the past (for example the drafting school for regulations). This work has tended to be reactive in nature rather than planned, and the fragmented approach does not make it easy to demonstrate that priorities have been addressed. However in all cases there work has taken place it has been very well received by MS in this region and others.

Role if nuclear technology: N/A. The project aims to develop a co-operation network for inter-boundary radioactive material transport operations.

End users: Regulators and transporter companies will be the primary beneficiaries, however transport affects a wide range of end users. The ultimate end user is the population at large from the safe transport of radioactive materials.

Partnership: Other partners could include IMO, ICAO and UNECE. For example IMO have provided recently some electronic learning software which can be used as a resource for this project. Industry organisations such as WNTI, WNA, ICHCA and TIC continue to show interest in supporting this work. In addition, cooperation with PACT would be beneficial. Transport is also an area for cooperation between IAEA and EU.

Strategy and sustainability: There are two strategic partnerships needed to ensure sustainability of the project, one with the association of European transport regulators, the other with the European Union. The reason being these bodies overlap with this project to some extent, and failure to include them will result in a confused approach. The project is designed to move toward a sustainable system of mutual support. It is envisaged that this regional project will set up an infrastructure that encourages sharing between states in the region. A key aspect of the strategy is to demonstrate that the sharing produces a net benefit for all states involved, irrespective of support from the IAEA.


Indicators Means of Verifications Assumptions Outcome Member States' transport safety Fewer weaknesses in Weaknesses identified from TS-G-1.5 is an

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frameworks more closely aligned with TS-G-1.5 in a sustainable manner, with improved harmonization of application of transport standards between participating Member States.

transport safety; Fewer problems making international shipments in the region (Baseline will be established through activities 1.3.)

national profiles (5.2); Shipping problems identified from reports of denials

accurate reflection of the transport safety framework.

Output Strengths and weaknesses for participating MS identified.

# of National profile developed (with strengths and weaknesses) within one year of expression of interest.

Reports from assessment groups

MS willing to participate; stability of the regulatory infrastructure

Regional resources identified as a “pool of excellence”.

Pool of excellence identifying resources available and how they could be used in place by 18 months after project initiation

Reports from experts; Exchange of letters

Regional action plan for 12 areas of transport safety produced, addressing key regional weakness.

Action plan for region in place 24 months after project initiation, identifying: • what resources should be mobilized, • for the benefit of which states and • the priority for the region

Report(s) from the regional meeting(s)

Regional Resources mobilization mechanism from pool of excellence activated in line with action plan.

Resource mobilization mechanism established and activated

Report(s) from the regional meeting(s)/Action Plan

Improvements in 12 areas in the regional action plan identified and documented.

Each participating Member State produces an updated national profile after each activity in the action plan

Reports from MS (National profiles)

Regional network established for mutual support.

The regional support network in place and self-sustaining by the completion of action plan.

Report of the final regional meeting

Major inputs (items with a cost of over Euro 150,000) Description Amount

(2014) Implementation and monitoring of action plan by National Experts –including supporting participation in workshops, training and conferences. (estimated € 20,000/country to be confirmed following action plan development)

200 000

(2015) Implementation and monitoring of action plan by National experts –including supporting participation in workshops, training and conferences. (estimated € 20,000/country to be confirmed following action plan development)

200 000

35. Developing and Harmonizing National Strategies for Reduced Public Exposure to Radon (RER/9/115) 12 New

Objectives: To assist participating Member States in establishing and further developing approaches to reduce public exposure to radon





shipsScientific


Contracts Sub-Total

2012 18 710 86 780 0 0 0 105 490 0 0 00 105 490

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2013 40 294 117 180 0 0 0 157 474 8 000 0 8 000 165 474

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Problem Statement: Radon is responsible, on average, for approximately 50% the public's exposure to ionizing radiation. Most of the exposure being received indoors. It is responsible for a significant fraction of lung-cancer related deaths amongst the population. Levels of individual exposure are highly variable, but where the levels are high, reduction is normally feasible. Action levels were therefore established in the IAEA International Basic Safety Standards for Protection against Ionizing Radiation and for the Safety of Radiation Sources (BSS115). Additional requirements aimed at identifying situations where action is required to reduce exposure are incorporated in the draft revised version of these standards that is expected to be published shortly. In particular, Member States are required to provide information on indoor radon levels and to implement an action plan for controlling exposure from this source. Information on public exposure to radon and the areas where levels might be high in many TCEU countries is lacking. Such information is a prerequisite to determining if and where action needs to be taken in controlling the exposure. To obtain this information, Member States need to develop appropriate technical expertise on approaches to measure radon in dwellings and carry out regional and national surveys and the measures that can be taken to reduce radon concentrations in existing buildings and to limit its accumulation in future buildings. Furthermore, clear and concise information for the public, as well as for decision makers and other stakeholders, on the hazards associated with radon exposure needs to be developed in order to obtain national commitment and the development of an appropriate policy and strategy for dealing with radon. At average worldwide levels, exposure to radon results in an annual per capita dose of around 1.2 mSv, representing about 40% of the total annual per capita dose from natural radiation. Indoor radon concentrations can vary widely from country to country, from region to region and within regions so that, in individual cases, doses of several tens or even hundreds of mSv can be received. In Europe, exposure to radon is responsible for about 10-15% of all lung cancer deaths. Reducing exposure to radon is an important public health and radiation protection priority. However, many TCEU countries do not have a strategy in place that allows identification of the extent of the problem and of the areas most seriously affected. Information for decision-makers, technical experts and the public dose not exist and there is little or no experience or expertise in measures that can be taken to reduce radon concentrations in existing buildings and limit its accumulation in future construction of buildings.

Linkages with the regional efforts to address need: The Europe Regional Profile (ERP) for the TCP in the Europe Region prepared in 2008 identifies four specific thematic sectors as main areas of activity for the region in the medium term, 2009–2013: "Nuclear and Radiation Safety" is one of those thematic sector

Past and present country efforts to address the need: The World Health Organization has recently completed an International Radon Project that summarizes the available information on indoor radon levels worldwide and makes recommendations on the steps that national authorities need to take to reduce the health risks associated with exposure to radon. This report forms the basis for developing a generic national radon strategy that can be applied effectively in all IAEA Member States. The European Commission is supporting a project entitled "European Radon Prevention and Remediation" (RADPAR). RADPAR is a consortium of laboratories, agencies and regulatory bodies from 12 EU Member States (Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Portugal, Spain and the United Kingdom), Norway and Switzerland collaborating on the development of documents and tools to assist with the reduction of individual and collective dose from exposure to radon in homes and workplaces. The consortium members represent countries with a more developed radon programme.

Past and present support by the IAEA in the same FOA: Under project RER9094 on Upgrading National Capabilities in Controlling Public Exposure, some work is being done to assist Member States in controlling exposure to radon and other natural sources of radiation. In recent years the Agency has organized expert missions on radon in Armenia, Bulgaria and the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia. At the end of 2009, a technical meeting on policies to control indoor radon was attended by experts from a number of Member States from the Europe Region: Croatia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Romania and Serbia. In November 2010, a Joint IAEA-WHO meeting on reducing risks from indoor radon was held in Geneva in cooperation with the European Commission, the Swiss Federal Office of Public Health and UNSCEAR. This meeting involved 14 of the Member States from the Europe Region. There is known to be a high level of interest in developing radon policies and strategies and in undertaking national radon surveys in almost all Member States of the Europe Region. However, as yet, no overall coordinated approach has been developed in this regard.

Role if nuclear technology: The measurement of radon is based on its radioactive properties and a range of techniques are available for survey programmes. In general, passive techniques involving integrated measurements over significant fractions of a year are preferred in national survey programmes aimed at delineating the extent of radon exposures within a country. There are no readily-available non-nuclear techniques for such measurements.

73

End users: The primary end users will be the national governments and the relevant public health and radiation protection bodies. The final end users will be population at large who will enjoy improved health from the reduction of negative effect of radon.

Partnership: In view of WHO's responsibilities for public health, strong partnership will be sought with WHO in the development of national radon programmes. The EC, through RADPAR, will provide expertise on targeted information for all interested parties and the efficacy of mitigation techniques. EC Joint Research Centre (JRC Ispra) will provide specific expertise on radon mapping techniques.

Strategy and sustainability: Countries that are considering joining the European Union will be obliged to establish national programmes to assess, and where appropriate reduce, exposure to radon in dwellings; such requirements are included in the European Basic Safety Standards and are mandatory for all EU Member States. More generally, the revised International Basic Safety Standards will contain requirements relating to the control of radon in dwellings. Furthermore, through this project, it is expected that a network of countries will be established which will ensure continuity of radon programmes and the harmonization of approaches. The basic tools will be provided to the governments and the relevant public health and radiation protection bodies to implement a programme to significantly reduce public radon exposure in a planned, co-ordinated and cost-effective manner. Such a programme will include the undertaking of national and regional radon surveys and the mapping of the results in a consistent manner.


Indicators Means of Verifications Assumptions Outcome The improvement in

Member State capability for controlling public exposure from radon

# of MS taking part in the project; # of staff trained; # of MS with public info on radon on a relevant Government website; # of MS that have developed/enhanced radon mitigation policies

- Reports from MS - Reports from peer review missions

Willingness of countries to consider developing/adopting national radon action plan

Output Needs of the Member States in upgrading national capabilities to control public exposure to radon identified

Regional needs identified and published as a report by the end of 1st year.

- Reports from MS - EM reports

Sufficient number of staff in regulatory and other national bodies motivated to improve the control of public exposure

Awareness support documents developed based on identified needs and disseminated

4 awareness building materials disseminated to appropriate targets

- Publications - Website

Increased knowledge of national authorities to control public exposure to radon

# of staff trained through regional training courses

Training reports


36. Strengthening Occupational Radiation Protection Systems (RER/9/116) 12 New

Objectives: To contribute to health and safety of workers occupationally exposed to radiation by strengthening occupational radiation protection system in compliance with the IAEA International Basic Safety Standards.


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shipsScientific


Contracts Sub-Total

2012 20 000 110 000 0 0 30 000 160 000 20 000 10 000 30 000 190 0002013 20 000 80 000 0 0 60 000 160 000 20 000 10 000 30 000 190 0002014 20 000 140 000 0 0 0 160 000 20 000 0 20 000 180 0002015 20 000 105 000 0 0 0 125 000 20 000 0 20 000 145 000

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Problem Statement: The national systems for the protection of health and safety of workers who are occupationally exposed to radiation need to be strengthened in the participating countries to ensure compliance with the IAEA International Basic Safety Standards (BSS) and related safety guides. In the recent years there have been several incidents leading to over exposure of workers using radioactive sources, giving evidence that there is a need to reinforce radiation safety. Moreover the requirement to implement a radiation protection programme is yet to be fully met. Medical use of radiation sources require special attention considering the high number of workers involved and the added risks associated with new medical technologies. The project will also pay special attention in the areas of industrial applications of radiation sources and the sector involved with natural occurring radionulcides. The areas that require further attention for consistency with BSS and relevant safety guides are: 1. Improved national programmes for occupational radiation protection. 2. Harmonization and streamlining of national capabilities for occupational exposure evaluation and control, and to improve the provision of dosimetry and other technical services under Quality Management Systems. 3. Implementation of a National Dose Registry for management and optimization of occupational doses. 4. Promotion of the optimization processes based on ALARA principles in all practices. Due attention also needs be paid to quality management and capacity building for improved occupational radiation protection both at the national level and amongst major end-user institutions in participating countries. It is also important to conduct studies on workplace monitoring and radiation protection optimization. This project intends to build capacity in those countries in which there already is a basic occupational radiation protection infrastructure in place, technical services available and important end users identified. Aspects of approval of monitoring services by radiation safety authorities as well as design and implementation of National Dose Registries would be addressed.

Linkages with the regional efforts to address need: In the European Regional Profile for 2009 – 2013, Occupational Radiation Protection and Control of Exposure is specified as one of the topics within the Priority 1 area - Nuclear and Radiation Safety. In the Strategy for the Technical Cooperation Programme in the Europe Region the project fits in the Strategic Context, the Vision, the Mission - to promote high levels of safety, security and non-proliferation, and the Core Value 1 - Responsiveness, Collaboration and Solidarity.

Past and present country efforts to address the need: Past and present regional efforts to address the issue are mainly driven through the IAEA by supporting the Regional European and Central Asian ALARA Network (RECAN). The Information System on Occupational Exposure is jointly sponsored by the IAEA and OSCE-NEA. In the European Union EURADOS (European Radiation Dosimetry Group) stimulates collaboration between European laboratories in the field of dosimetry of ionising radiation.

Past and present support by the IAEA in the same FOA: The IAEA coordinated implementation of other regional projects on the subject in the past and recently carried out an appraisal service on Occupational Radiation Protection Programmes (ORPAS) in few countries. Many of the regional countries operate personal dosimetry, and associated technical services. Some of the well developed services are already self-sustaining. The establishment and the implementation of the occupational radiation protection programme at major end user institutions is an issue, mainly for medical, industrial and NORM applications.

Role if nuclear technology: The project addresses the protection of radiation workers in all areas of nuclear technology use.

End users: The ultimate beneficiaries of the project will be the occupationally exposed workers; national regulatory authorities, technical service providers and institutions dealing with nuclear applications. Scientific and technical societies like the national radiation protection societies, industrial radiography societies, medical physics societies would also benefit.

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Partnership: The project would also consider crosscutting activities related to safety at work with local and regional International Labour Office (ILO) as the main focus would be occupational exposed workers. The established cooperation with the European Radiation Dosimetry Group (EURADOS) will be further utilized.

Strategy and sustainability: To ensure sustainability the project will jointly address both the regulatory authority and the technical support organization staff. Apart from the staff training, experience exchange, the project will support networking among the professional in the Europe region to explore synergy among national occupational radiation protection systems.


Indicators Means of Verifications Assumptions Outcome Strengthened national

ORP systems in the participating countries in compliance with the IAEA International Basic Safety Standards.

Number of countries with sustainable national programs for occupational radiation protection. Increased number of well-trained staff in target countries

Appraisal, NLO and other reports, National Profiles in RASIMS, RECAN Web-site and RECAN News Letters.

An adequate commitment from government, with the allocation of necessary resources. National stakeholders are fully involved National ORP action plan in place. International Safety and Technical Standards are accepted and adopted by country.

Output 1. Occupational Radiation Protection Program implemented and optimization processes based on ALARA principles applied at end-user facilities.

Number of practices in target countries authorized or in the process of receiving authorization with corresponding optimized Radiation Protection Program; increased number of staff with adequate knowledge and skills in the area of radiation protection.

Appraisals, NLO and other reports, National Profiles in RASIMS, RECAN Web-site.

Regulatory framework in place and operational.

2. Improved provision of dosimetry and other technical services under Quality Management Systems.

Number of technical authorized services under Quality Management System; percent of occupationally exposed workers receiving the adequate dosimetry services.

Appraisals, NLO and other reports, National Profiles in RASIMS, RECAN Web-site.

Existence of national process for accreditation, authorization or approval of technical services.

3. National Dose Registry implemented and operational for management and optimization of occupational doses.

Number of countries with National Dose Registry in place.

National Profiles in RASIMS, RECAN Web-site.

National Dose registry utilized.

4. Regional networks and coalitions fostered on the Occupational Radiation Protection (RECAN, ISOE, EURADOS).

Increased number of MSs which actively participate in co-operation and information exchange on the ALARA principle implementation.

RECAN Web-site, ISOE, EURADOS reports.

Participation in regional networks.


37. Upgrading National Capabilities for Controlling Public Exposure (RER/9/117) 19 New

Objectives: To improve the national systems for the control of radiation exposure to the public and for protection of the environment in order to achieve an adequate level of radiation safety.


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shipsScientific


Contracts Sub-Total

2012 13 065 62 400 0 0 40 000 115 465 0 0 0 115 4652013 5 000 75 000 0 0 40 000 120 000 0 0 0 120 000

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Problem Statement: Human activities involving the use of radiation and radioactive substances can cause radiation exposure to the public and the enironment. Some of those activities can elevate radiation levels beyond those that naturally occur in the environment from various sources. The production of nuclear materials has left a legacy of large amounts of radioactive residues in some countries. Nuclear installations release radioactive materials into the environment and produce radioactive waste during operation and at decommissioning. The use of radioactive materials in industry, agriculture and research is expanding worldwide. However, the number of the exposed individuals may be large and individuals residing near installations releasing radioactive material into the environment may be subjected to higher than accepted levels of radiation. The exposure of members of the public should be regulated in accordance with the International Safety Standards and national legislation. The project is designed to support the IAEA Member States in upgrading national capabilities in controlling exposure to the public.

Linkages with the regional efforts to address need: The Europe Regional Profile for the TCP in the Europe Region prepared in 2008 identifies four specific thematic sectors as main areas of activity for the region in the medium term, 2009–2013. Among them is nuclear and radiation safety.

Past and present country efforts to address the need: Member States have been working on improving radiation protection to the public and environment at various levels on a national basis.

Past and present support by the IAEA in the same FOA: This is an extension of regional projects RER/9/079, RER/9/080 and RER9/0/94, launched in 2007 as a follow-up to a regional model project on upgrading radiation protection infrastructure and in response to project proposals on this thematic safety area received from many recipient countries in the European region. Within the TC project RER/7/005 expertise built in Member States of Central and Eastern Europe covers general radiological protection aspects of the terrestrial and freshwater environments in line with the recommendations from ICRP.

Role if nuclear technology: This project addresses the need to strengthen national capabilities to control public exposures in various fields of peaceful uses of nuclear technology, including exposures from natural radiation sources.

End users: General public, national governments, regulatory bodies, other parties, which are responsible for the control of public exposure

Partnership: The project will be carried out in close cooperation with international and regional/ intergovernmental (e.g. HELCOM, CIESM) organizations and their expert working groups. The main role of these partners will be to facilitate the transfer of recent knowledge and regulations on radiological protection of the environment to and among Member States.

Strategy and sustainability: The main approach will be to share lessons learned for controlling of public exposures, through training and workshops ensuring sustainability of activities in MSs. By enhancing networking among these MSs, sustainability will further be supported - The aim is to allow for coordination of common processes, more effective use of equipment and tools developed or provided for specific activities. This project will focus on practical aspects related to: - promoting integrated approaches of radiation protection, including the protection of the public as well as of the total environment, including the terrestrial, freshwater and marine environments; - provide specific training to MSs in this area; - setting the basis for radiological protection of the environment in all exposure situations; - giving assistance in implementing appropriate computer tools for assessing radiological impacts to humans and the environment, custom-tailored to address the specific conditions of each Member State; if considered necessary; - evaluating the resulting radiological situation in each Member State with recommendations to

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governmental and regional authorities. Issues related to radionuclide releases into the environment, and the resulting radiological assessment, are transboundary by nature.


Indicators Means of Verifications Assumptions Outcome Improvement of the

capabilities in MSs for the control of radiation exposure to the public and the protection of the environment from the use of nuclear technology.

Increased number of MSs with sustainable national capabilities for control of public exposure and for radiological protection of the environment

• Appraisal or Expert Reports, • Information in RASIMS on Public exposure • Updated country profiles

Commitment of governments and relevant stakeholders to improve national capabilities for control of public exposure and for radiological protection of the environment granted, and relevant resources are allocated Sufficient number of regulators motivated to improve the control of public exposure and the radiological protection of the environment

Output Updated information about needs of the MSs in upgrading national capabilities to control public exposure

Updated list of needs and priorities in the participating countries National Plans for upgrading capabilities developed/updated

Report of the core project team, country status reports and appraisal mission reports

Commitment of governments and relevant stakeholders to accept the appraisal missions and conduct self-assessment of natinal capabilities

Established network for information and experience exchange on the control of public exposure and on protection of the environment

Increased number of Member States, which actively participate in co-operation and experience exchange in the area of the control of public exposure and protection of the environment

Report of the core project team, country status reports and appraisal mission reports

Willingness to adhere to international requirements and network cooperation by National Competent Authorities, and other stakeholders


38. Strengthening and Harmonizing National Capabilities for Response to Nuclear and Radiological Emergencies (RER/9/118) 09 New

Objectives: To strengthen and promote harmonization of national arrangements for response to radiological and nuclear emergencies and improve their compliance with the international standards in order to achieve more sustainable national capabilities





shipsScientific


Contracts Sub-Total

2012 18 000 128 000 0 0 24 000 170 000 15 000 0 15 000 185 0002013 11 000 109 000 0 0 25 000 145 000 10 000 0 10 000 155 000

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Problem Statement: Radiation emergencies can arise through accidental releases from nuclear facilities, through radiological accidents involving lost or uncontrolled radiation sources or through malicious acts involving

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radioactive material. Significant numbers of radiological emergencies have occurred resulting in severe radiation injuries to exposed individuals and/or contamination of large territories which affected living conditions of communities. Many countries in the region made a significant progress in establishing their national capabilities. However, further progress is needed in some of the working elements as stipulated in GS-R-2. For many of MSs “high-priority” tasks are the following: developing and harmonizing national infrastructure elements, assessment of threat, emergency management, managing the medical response, identification, notification and activation, taking mitigatory actions, protecting emergency workers, keeping the public informed, taking agricultural countermeasures. A regional approach in providing the corresponding support is proven to be more efficient as the analysis of the referred assessment process clearly identified countries which have similar needs and priorities for establishment / strengthening emergency preparedness and response capabilities. A harmonization of the national arrangements (plans, procedures, methodologies and, especially, the intervention criteria) at regional level is also of great importance. In particular this concerns estimation of an accidental environmental release in a nuclear facility that is one of the major activities to determine potential radiological consequences of the accident. The internationally accepted quantity to characterize the environmental release is the Source Term. Because of the variety of analyses and approaches, it is estimated using various methods, computer codes, procedures, and practices developed and followed by different countries, institutes and facilities for this purpose. Coordination and exchange of information in this area is required because countries should know what kind of analysis, method or results provide a basis for the information included in the notification reports in case a radiological release has occurred. Addressing the issue in the frame of the regional project may facilitate the emergency planning for transboundary effects and it may also create space for some cross-verification of the available results and methods for estimating Source Term. In general, mutual learning and discussions within this project will allow project countries to strengthen their national capabilities and infrastructure in the area of emergency preparedness and response and harmonize them between each other and with the international requirements.

Linkages with the regional efforts to address need: The Europe Regional Profile for the TCP in the Europe Region prepared in 2008 identifies four specific thematic sectors as main areas of activity for the region in the medium term, 2009–2013. Among them is nuclear and radiation safety, emergency preparedness and nuclear security.

Past and present country efforts to address the need: Much effort has been presented by other organizations (European Commission) to harmonize the dispersion calculations (RODOS), the protective actions in the early and late phase (EURANOS). From the European Commission such efforts have not been successful (STERPS, ASTRID), a usable tool and method has not been finalized and no real exchange of information, practices and methods could take place. In 2010 and 2011, the IAEA, will transform early warning and notification systems ENAC, public information system INES News to a system nick-named USIE, which is based on the IRIX standard. From MSs, it is expected that they adapt to this new system.

Past and present support by the IAEA in the same FOA: There have been several emergency preparedness related TC projects conducted in the past years. Many topics have been addressed: information exchange, assistance network, organization of exercises, radiological emergencies and communication tools (ENAC). In the 90s the IAEA provided an international version (InterRAS) of the US based RASCAL software to the countries of the region, corresponding to which a technical document (TECDOC-955) was developed. The IAEA TC projects have assisted many countries in establishing adequate EPR capabilities and there is a notable progress in meeting principle international requirements (GS-R-2) in most of countries. The IAEA facilitated general progress through addressing supporting activities (training events, workshops, exercises) to the high priority areas. Member States continue to implement international requirements in their national programmes, but many problems areas still exist. Past regional TC project on upgrading EPR capabilities: RER9091, and current regional TC project on upgrading EPR capabilities: RER9100

Role if nuclear technology: The project addresses certain safety aspects of the use of nuclear and radiation technologies, specifically aims at improving the MSs' capacity to efficiently respond to emergencies arising from the use of these technologies. Reactor physics, accident analysis, in-containment dispersion analysis - these fields that must be used to assess the source term, or to develop a method of source term estimation.

End users: Emergency planners and regulators, emergency managers, first responders, including emergency medical specialists, public information officers, radiological assessors, etc. After the successful completion of this project the general public will be better protected in case of a radiological and/or nuclear emergency.

Partnership: OECD/NEA could be involved in international emergency preparedness exercises

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Strategy and sustainability: The project activities are addressed towards gaining improvements in the high priority EPR areas, identified by the coordination meetings with participation of the officially nominated representatives of all MSs, based on findings from updated Country Profiles and EPREV missions’ reports. The IAEA assistance is aimed at achieving better compliance with international requirements (GS-R-2) in those areas, that had been recognized as a common priority for most of the Member States in the region, with due account to the special needs of high priority Member States. Increased capacity for for emergency preparedness and response in Member States in the region will be achieved through the provision of human capacity building measures such as regional meetings and training events, technical visits, and the implementation of international legal instruments.


Indicators Means of Verifications Assumptions Outcome Strengthened national capabilities

and infrastructure for response to radiological and nuclear emergencies, and better harmonization in the Emergency Preparedness and Response (EPR) to a nuclear or radiation emergency within the region

Increased number of countries with sustainable national infrastructure for response to radiological and nuclear emergencies

Appraisal and Expert Reports. Upgraded information in RASIMS on EPR capabilities

Committment of governemnts and relevant stakeholders to improve national EPR structure granted and resources are allocated

Output National Radiation Emergency Plans (NREP) developed, tested and/or reviewed/updated to be in compliance with relevant IAEA recommendations

Number of countries with developed or improved NREP

Country status report and EPREV mission reports

Committment of governemnts and relevant stakeholders to develop NREP

Increased degree of compliance with international requirements (GS-R-2) achieved for high priority EPR tasks on national and regional level

Number of countries graduated from “high priority” to “medium priority” or from “medium priority” to “low priority” level

Country status reports and expert appraisal reports

Willingness to adhere to international requirements by National Competent Authorities, response organizations and operators

National EPR arrangements (plans, procedures, methodologies, intervention criteria, etc.) improved in order to achieve harmonization between countries according to the international requirement (GS-R-2)

Increased number of countries, which have harmonised EPR arrangements

Country status reports and expert appraisal reports

Effective cooperation between relevant stakeholders

National capabilities for the use of efficient biological dosimetry in case of a nuclear and radiological emergency developed and/or strengthened

Number of countries with improved capabilities in the use of biological dosimetry

Report of the expert meeting (input 1.4.1.1.) and expert appraisal reports

Provision and availability of relevant experts and willingness of Member States with competencies to share their experiences and knowledge


39. Supporting Human Resource Development in Nuclear Security (RER/9/119) 14 New

Objectives: To strengthen nuclear security human resource development in order to sustain effective nuclear security.



Year Human Resource Components (Euro) Procurement Components (Euro) Total

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Scientific Visits


Contracts Sub-Total

2012 0 0 60 000 76 000 208 000 344 000 0 0 00 344 0002013 52 000 0 60 000 76 000 156 000 344 000 0 0 00 344 000

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Problem Statement: The project is intended to continue supporting Member States in the region through the implementation of the human capacity building component of the IAEA Nuclear Security Plan 2010-2013 approved by the Board of Governors. This component focuses on institutional capacity building, human resource development and educational programmes. These programmes recognize that human resource development is critical for States to be able to implement and sustain nuclear security and cover a wide range of topics for different staff categories at different levels. Through this effort the IAEA aims at improving security worldwide of nuclear and other radioactive materials in use, storage and transport and of their associated facilities, as well as implementing relevant legal instruments with the ultimate goal to establish sustainable security infrastructures and to strengthen aspects of nuclear security such as the prevention capabilities at facilities housing nuclear and other radioactive material, and the detection and response capabilities at borders and other checkpoints.

Linkages with the regional efforts to address need: The Europe Regional Profile for the TCP in the Europe Region prepared in 2008 identifies four specific thematic sectors as main areas of activity for the region in the medium term, 2009–2013. Among them is "Nuclear and Radiation Safety – including nuclear installation safety, radiation safety, emergency preparedness and nuclear security" The need for supporting human resource development in nuclear security was underlined at several International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) General Conferences and Board of Governors’ Meetings. Successive IAEA Nuclear Security Plans, the most recent of which was agreed by the Board of Governors in September 2009 give high priority to assisting States in developing human capacities in nuclear security to ensure the sustainability of nuclear security improvements. The current Nuclear Security Plan covering 2010-2013 emphasizes on the importance of considering existing capacities at international, regional and national levels.

Past and present country efforts to address the need: Nuclear Security is of its nature independent. Therefore, for this project a regional approach is the most effective mechanism, since it supports the establishment of nuclear security networks, partnership relations and cooperation amongst neighbouring countries and fosters the exchange of information and experience. From 2004 to 2009 the IAEA assisted, upon request of the Russian Federation, to substantively upgrade the indoor and outdoor training facility of the Interdepartmental Special Training Centre (ISTC) in Obninsk. This training centre addresses the identified needs for developing human capacities in the area of physical protection of nuclear material and facilities and provides pre-diploma practical training for students with a specialization in nuclear security. Upon the request of the Ukraine, the IAEA assists in the establishment of a training centre that aims at supporting and facilitating the development of sustainable human resources through the provision of a national nuclear security training programme. Past regional nuclear security TC project: RER9085 Present regional nuclear security TC project: RER9102

Past and present support by the IAEA in the same FOA: For this project a regional approach is the most effective mechanism, since it supports the establishment of nuclear security networks, partnership relations and cooperation amongst neighboring countries and fosters the exchange of information and experience which is vital for strengthening global nuclear security. Present and past Regional efforts: From 2004 to 2009 the IAEA assisted, upon request of the Russian Federation, to substantively upgrade the indoor and outdoor training facility of the Interdepartmental Special Training Centre (ISTC) in Obninsk. This training centre addresses the identified needs for developing human capacities in the area of physical protection of nuclear material and facilities and provides pre-diploma practical training for students with a specialization in nuclear security. Upon the request of the Ukraine, the IAEA assists in the establishment of a training centre that aims at supporting and facilitating the development of sustainable human resources through the provision of a national nuclear security training programme. • Past regional nuclear security TC project: RER9085, • Present regional nuclear security TC project: RER9102

Role if nuclear technology: N/A

End users: Beneficiaries of this project are: governmental entities, such as regulatory authorities, the Ministry of Justice, Finance, Health, Environment, Science, Transport; law enforcement agencies, such as Customs, Police, the intelligence services; the nuclear industry, companies with security expertise in other fields and other related organizations in Member States. Ultimately, the entire population in the country and the region will benefit from this project.

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Partnership: States and donors contributing to the IAEA Nuclear Security Fund, depending on any conditions placed upon those contributions.

Strategy and sustainability: Increased capacity for nuclear security infrastructures in Member States in the region will be achieved through the provision of human capacity building measures such as fellowships, regional training, technical visits, on-the-job training and the implementation of international legal instruments.


Indicators Means of Verifications Assumptions Outcome Improved security

worldwide of nuclear and other radioactive materials in use, storage and transport and of their associated facilities

Improved nuclear security capabilities at competent authorities relevant for nuclear security in MSs

Progress demonstrated through follow up actions and visits. Feedback from States’ participants

MSs' understanding of need to increase national capacities in the prevention, detection and response to malicious acts involving nuclear and other radioactive materials

Output Well-trained staff Increased number of staff with improved capabilities to perform nuclear security assignments.

Evaluation reports of provided training activities

Governments ensure funding for relevant institutions and offices to maintain staff availability for building up their nuclear security capability

Use of recommended procedures in the different area or nuclear security

Number of recommendations implemented Number of facilities where nuclear security had been enhanced Number of processes (e.g. use, storage, transportation, border monitoring etc.) with enhanced nuclear security measures

Progress demonstrated through follow up actions and visits National reports


40. Supporting Decommissioning Implementation for Facilities Using Radioactive Material (RER/9/120) 19 New

Objectives: To facilitate safe and efficient implementation of decommissioning





shipsScientific


Contracts Sub-Total

2012 0 140 600 0 0 0 140 600 0 0 0 140 6002013 0 140 600 0 0 0 140 600 0 0 0 140 6002014 12 300 116 600 0 31 000 46 000 205 900 0 0 0 205 9002015 12 300 208 600 0 31 000 0 251 900 0 0 0 251 900Blank

FOOTNOTE-a/ FINANCINGYear Human Resource Components (Euro) Procurement Components (Euro) Total

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Scientific Visits


Contracts Sub-Total

2013 0 86 000 0 0 0 86 000 0 0 00 86 000

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Problem Statement: Significant competencies have been developed in the Member States in European region to establish the regulatory infrastructure for decommissioning and to perform decommissioning planning. Assistance provided by the IAEA in previous years has resulted in the completion of Preliminary Decommissioning Plans in most participating countries. However, most IAEA Member States still have an urgent need to complete and implement decommissioning plans for their old facilities using or containing radioactive material - from disused medical isotope laboratories to power plants. In addition, following IAEA recommendations, further development of the appropriate regulatory and technical support capabilities should proceed in parallel. This project is designed to address priority areas in the decommissioning of facilities using radioactive material that have been identified in the region. The project is aimed to assist participating countries in moving from decommissioning planning towards the implementation of the decommissioning activities. It will provide specialized training events in the application of state-of-the-art technologies and in disseminating experiences in decommissioning of most common types of facilities that are present in the participating countries.

Linkages with the regional efforts to address need: The Europe Regional Profile for the TCP in the Europe Region prepared in 2008 identifies four specific thematic sectors as main areas of activity for the region in the medium term, 2009–2013. Among them is Nuclear Energy – including nuclear power and fuel technology, waste technology, decommissioning, and nuclear sciences.

Past and present country efforts to address the need: There are no regional efforts to address global issues related to decommissioning of facilities using radioactive materials. However, countries beloging to the European Union have to comply with the EU legislation in force in the field of radioactive waste management, including decommissioning related activities. There is a specific committee advising to the European Commission for matters related to the decommissioning of old nuclear power plants in EU member states. In addition, a number of EU-funded programmes have paid attention in the past to decommissioning under the TACIS and PHARE regulations and currently under the Instrument of Nuclear Safety Cooperation.

Past and present support by the IAEA in the same FOA: This project builds on the experience of the following regional projects that have been untaken during the previous cycles or are being undertaken during the current cycle: RER/3/009 - Supporting Planning for the Decommissioning of Nuclear Power Plants and Research Reactors (Phase II) - 2009-2011. RER/3/005 - Support in Planning the Decommissioning of Nuclear Power Plants and Research Reactors - 2007-2008. RER/3/003 - Support for Decommissioning of Nuclear Power Plants - 2005-2006. RER/9/045 - TC on Decontamination & Decommissioning of Research Reactors - 1996-1997. RER/9/034 - Planning and Management of Decommissioning for WWER NPPs - 1995-1996. All these projects resulted in a significant development of the decommissioning infrastructure, increase of the human resources’ competencies and in the completion of Preliminary Decommissioning Plans in most participating countries.

Role if nuclear technology: Nuclear technologies are applied in all phases of decommissioning projects. The planning of these projects relies on characterizing the radioactive contamination and developing an inventory of radioactive materials. This process relies on the use of measurement equipment capable of being used in environments that may be highly radioactive and difficult to access. During implementation, decontamination and dismantling processes also rely on the use of specialised equipment. For these reasons, it is imperative that appropriate nuclear technologies are used during decommissioning and environmental remediation works.

End users: Primary beneficiaries are governmental decision-makers, operators of facilities to be decommissioned, waste management organizations, regulators. The ultimate beneficiary will be the general public who will benefit from a radioactive contamination free environment.

Partnership: Based on experience of RER/3/009, the project will be based on direct contributions by donor countries (hosting workshops, providing lecturers and reviewers, etc), in particular those represented in the IAEA International Decommissioning Network.

Strategy and sustainability: Implementation strategy will be similar to the one applied for the RER/3/009. Progress of the project will be discussed annually with the national project counterparts. Based on these discussions the content of the events will be adjusted to reflect the needs of the participating countries. Close cooperation and

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coordination with the International Decommissioning Network (IDN) will help to ensure that adequate host countries and institutions are identified for the events and that there are adequate facilities to provide with practical training and demonstration of the key decommissioning activities.


Indicators Means of Verifications Assumptions Outcome Increased capabilities in

participating Member States to implement decommissioning projects safely and effectively, applying international best practices

Decommissioning activities performed according to plans and in compliance with international standards. Number of people trained

Peer reviews and appraisals, expert missions, country reports, self assessments.

High level commitment from governments with the allocation of necessary resources. All stakeholders required for effective implementation of the project fully involved in the execution of the project. Some essential and necessary national infrastructure available.

Output Increased number of personnel qualified to work on decommissioning implementation

Number of people trained (target number is at least 70).

Training course reports, certificates, country reports.

Resources and commitment to the project ensured; availability of host countries with adequate facilities, availability of qualified experts, timely nominations of sufficient number of appropriate national representatives.

Knowledge and experiences on decommissioning of specific types of facilities disseminated reflecting relevant experiences in the Member States (NB: important that workshops have a strong hands-on element or visits to actual facilities)

Number of inputs implemented (target at least 75% of planned inputs), at least 50% of planned group events (WS, RTC) held in the participating Member States, number of experts, lecturers, student or participants from participating Member States.

Minutes / reports from the events, country reports and presentations, project implementation statistics.

Adequate national counterparts, resources and commitment to the project ensured; availability of host countries with adequate facilities, availability of qualified experts, national representatives.


41. Supporting Environmental Remediation Programmes (RER/9/121) 19 New

Objectives: To increase preparedness capabilities for the safe and cost-effective implementation of environmental remediation projects in the European Member States





shipsScientific


Contracts Sub-Total

2012 20 000 58 000 0 0 40 000 118 000 10 000 0 10 000 128 0002013 0 18 000 0 0 80 000 98 000 0 0 0 98 0002014 2 000 128 000 0 0 96 000 226 000 10 000 0 10 000 236 0002015 0 128 000 0 0 96 000 224 000 0 0 0 224 000

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Blank FOOTNOTE-a/ FINANCING



shipsScientific


Contracts Sub-Total

2012 0 100 000 0 0 0 100 000 0 0 00 100 0002013 0 48 000 0 0 40 000 88 000 0 0 00 88 000

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Problem Statement: Radiologically contaminated sites exist in Europe posing environmental and health risk to people. As noted at the IAEA conference on remediation (Astana, 2009), many Member States have an urgent need to receive adequate support (e.g., workshop/training) in various remediation aspects. Assistance is needed in developing policy and strategies for remediation at the national level. The IAEA has also been requested to provide guidance on the use of state-of-the-art technologies and on the adoption of suitable remediation practices to be considered early in the life-cycle of a particular facility. Finally, the IAEA continuously receives requests to foster international cooperation between countries with more advanced remediation programmes and those that need to implement such projects, thereby expediting and enhancing experience sharing and information transfer. In accordance with IAEA recommendations, establishment of the appropriate regulatory and technical support capabilities should proceed in parallel to ensure safe implementation of remediation programmes.

Linkages with the regional efforts to address need: The European Regional Profile (ERP) for the TCP in the Europe Region prepared in 2008 identifies four specific thematic sectors as main areas of activity for the region in the medium term. This project aligns with the priorities of the Member States on public and environmental radiation protection as stated in the ERP.

Past and present country efforts to address the need: Several initiatives have taken place to aid European Member States in implementing remediation projects. These include (1) European Commission (EC) launched programme the TACIS - Technical Assistance to the Commonwealth Independent States, initiated in 1991; (2) EC PHARE programme ; (3) ENVSEC initiative which was established jointly by UNDP, UNEP, OSCE, NATO, UNECE and the Regional Environmental Centre for Central and Eastern Europe (REC). Multilateral organizations, e.g., World Bank and EBRD, have financed or plan to finance remediation projects in some of the Member States.

Past and present support by the IAEA in the same FOA: In previous TC cycles the IAEA has supported different projects in this Field of Activity. These include: 1. AZB/7/002: Establishment of Radio-ecological Monitoring and of Rehabilitation Programmes for the Contaminated Areas of the Apsheron Peninsula; 2. RER/3/010: Supporting Preparation for Remediation of Uranium Production Legacy Sites; 3. RER/9/086: Safe Management of Residues from Former Mining and Milling Activities in Central Asia; 4. KIG/7/002: Enhancing Radio-ecological Monitoring These projects have contributed to reinforce the regulatory framework, improve monitoring capabilities of radioactively contaminated areas and reinforce the know-how for the implementation of environmental remediation programmes.

Role if nuclear technology: Nuclear technologies are applied in all phases of remediation projects (including during characterization, clearance, and any release of the site). Therefore, these technologies will be discussed in detail as they are an essential component of remediation projects.

End users: Beneficiaries from this project will be governmental decision-makers, operating organizations engaged in planning and implementing remediation projects, waste management organizations, regulatory bodies and the general public as a whole.

Partnership: This project is expected to receive in-kind contributions from donor countries (e.g., hosting the workshop/training events, providing experts, etc.) In addition, partners of this project could be expanded to include those organizations already participating in ENVIRONET (IAEA Network of Environmental Management and Remediation). Many of these organizations currently support the IAEA in organizing activities directly linked to those planned in this project.

Strategy and sustainability: Progress of the project will be discussed annually with the national project counterparts. Based on these discussions the events will be adjusted to reflect the needs of the participating countries. Close cooperation and coordination with the ENVIRONET network will help to ensure that adequate host countries and institutions are identified for the events and that there are adequate facilities to provide practical

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training and demonstration of the key decommissioning activities. Sustainability will be assured by the extension of relationships and long-term networking. Proper and well-designed workshop/training events will ensure the strengthening of capabilities to implement remediation projects in the participating Member States.


Indicators Means of Verifications Assumptions Outcome Enhanced

preparedness for the implementation of environmental remediation projects in the European Member States

Number of Member States that have drafted or adopted remediation policies & strategies. Number of Member States with doses to the population living in and around contaminated sites or facilities in compliance with international standards

State reports; Reports from the annual meetings, expert missions, country reports (RASIMS), self-assessments, audits, peer review and appraisals

Institutional and governmental support; Commitments of Member States to remediating sites and facilities; Availability of accurate information on remediation projects.

Strengthened capacity towards increased effectiveness in remediating contaminated sites and facilities in Europe

For training, number of people trained. For information sharing, website use statistical data. No. of Member States with remediation activities performed according to plans and in compliance with international standards.

Reports from training (e.g., training certificates), expert mission, country reports, self-assessments, peer review, audits and appraisals.

High level commitment from governments with the allocation of necessary resources and staff; Full involvement and commitment of all stakeholders is required for effective implementation and in the execution of the project; Some essential and necessary national infrastructure in place

Output Qualifications of individuals or organizations engaged in remediation are increased in Member States.

Number of people trained (at least 100) Number of inputs implemented (at least 75%); At least, 75% of inputs held in the participating Member States. Number of experts, lecturers, students or participants from participating Member States.

Inputs and reports from the workshops/training events (e.g., training certificates), country reports, presentations, and project implementation records.

Availability of host institution and national experts and representatives.

Knowledge and experience on remediation (including technology) is disseminated and exchanged in the Member States.

Number of people trained (at least 100) Number of inputs implemented (at least 75%); At least, 75% of inputs held in the participating Member States. Number of experts, lecturers, students or participants from participating Member States.

Inputs and reports from the workshops/training events (e.g., training certificates), country reports, presentations, and project implementation records.


42. Supporting Safe Management of Uranium Production Legacy Sites (RER/9/122) 19 New

Objectives: To increase preparedness for the remediation of uranium production legacy sites.


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shipsScientific


Contracts Sub-Total

2012 29 000 45 000 0 0 0 74 000 41 000 5 000 46 000 120 0002013 12 000 147 000 0 0 0 159 000 26 000 0 26 000 185 0002014 15 000 95 000 0 45 000 0 155 000 6 000 0 6 000 161 0002015 21 000 89 500 0 0 0 110 500 7 000 0 7 000 117 500Blank




shipsScientific


Contracts Sub-Total

2012 0 45 000 0 0 0 45 000 0 0 00 45 0002013 10 750 0 0 0 45 000 55 750 0 0 00 55 7502014 0 0 0 45 000 0 45 000 0 0 00 45 0002015 0 45 000 0 0 0 45 000 0 0 00 45 000

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Problem Statement: In 2004, the Central Asian Member States, in particular Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan approached the IAEA with the request to receive technical assistance and expert advice to deal with the legacy sites of the former uranium industry. Soviet exploitation of these resources has resulted in significant subsequent environmental issues. In response to this request the IAEA has initiated several national and regional projects in Central Asia over the last seven years. During the last TC Programme cycle the effort was expanded to include additional countries attempting to address their uranium production legacy sites, in particular Russian Federation, Ukraine and Romania. These projects have been directed at building national capacity in the areas of regulatory infrastructure, analytical services, radiation protection, environmental sampling/monitoring, and safety assessments with the ultimate goal of quantifying and reducing radiological risks to the public and the environment. Some progress has been made. In order to continue to successfully build on the progress made so far, a significant amount of additional work is needed. This project will address some of the tasks to be undertaken, namely, increased communication between national and international organizations, strengthening regulatory performance through the preparation of draft national guidance documents, enhanced planning/ preparation for remediation through planning and implementation of safety assessments and environmental impact assessments and support in the establishment of post-closure maintenance and monitoring programmes for remediated uranium production legacy sites.

Linkages with the regional efforts to address need: The project is directly linked to a priority area identified in the European Regional Profile 2009-2013 under the nuclear and radiation safety sector, legacy wastes from uranium mining and milling activities. The majority of the countries listed above have indicated that this issue is a priority for them.

Past and present country efforts to address the need: The most affected countries by uranium legacy sites in Central Asia, with the support of a number of UN agencies, including the IAEA, and other international partners started in 2009 an initiative to raise awareness about this issue. A number of large-scale international events occurred in 2009 and 2010 involving international stakeholders. The affected countries in Central Asia, with the assistance of UN agencies coordinated by the UNDP office in Kyrgyzstan, developed a Framework document that collects a set of project proposals to address remediation of the affected territories and other socio-economic development needs. With reference to a comprehensive technical report identifying priority needs for remediation and rehabilitation of the affected territories, prepared by the IAEA, international partners, in particular the European Union, developed national and regional scale projects to address priority needs aimed at reducing the radiological risks to human health and the environment.

Past and present support by the IAEA in the same FOA: There have been two previous regional TC projects: RER/9/086 – Safe Management of Residues from Former Mining and Milling Activities in Central Asia. RER/3/010 - Supporting Preparation for Remediation of Uranium Production Legacy Sites The IAEA has supported several projects in this field of activity in the past and presently. These include: KIG/7/002- Enhancing Radio-ecological Monitoring; ABZ/7/002-Establishment of Radio-ecological Monitoring and of Rehabilitation Programmes; and TAD/9/003 - Establishing a Radiation Monitoring System at Uranium Tailings Sites in Northern Tajikistan. The IAEA has also contributed to the efforts of other international players by facilitating the preparation of a

87

comprehensive technical report identifying priority needs for remediation and rehabilitation of affected territories based on risk assessment.

Role if nuclear technology: Nuclear technology is applied in all phases of environmental remediation projects. The planning of these projects relies on characterizing the radiological and non-radiological contamination of a site. This process relies on the use of measurement equipment capable of measuring radiological constituents in air, soil and water. In addition, innovative technologies are becoming available for the remediation of soils and groundwater. The process of releasing sites from regulatory control relies on the use of radiological measurement equipment to confirm that residual levels of radioactivity in the media are of no further concern.

End users: Governmental decision-makers, regulators, operators and waste management organizations addressing legacy site issues will be the primary beneficiaries. The final beneficiary will be the general public in the MSs who will benefit from a contamination free environment.

Partnership: It is expected that other national and international organizations will participate in a biannual forum to discuss their projects and future plans. It is hoped that out of this will grow several future collaborative projects. Partnerships and/or coordination of activities are envisaged with the European Commission (EC), European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD), Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE), UN Development Programme (UNDP), ENVSEC Programme including various international players, USDOE, USNRC, EBRD, and EC.

Strategy and sustainability: The strategy is to promote the development of a regulatory framework through the preparation of national guidance documents which will support a more structured regulatory process. Development of safety assessments will lead to the proper decisions regarding remediation strategies. Enhancing national analytical capacity will ensure reliable data for risk analysis and enhancing post closure monitoring programmes will reduce risk in the short term and long term. All of the above activities to be pursued under the project are intended to develop a sustainable approach to addressing uranium production legacy sites.


Indicators Means of Verifications Assumptions Outcome Enhanced regulatory performance

to increase preparedness for the remediation of uranium production legacy sites

No. of regulatory bodies of participating MSs with evidence of adoption of the series of templates to facilitate the regulatory approval process

Government reports Expert reports

Commitment of the government and regulator with allocation of resources Use of the adopted documents

Enhanced technical capacity to perform remediation

No. of additional safety assessments in the participating MSs. No. of monitoring plans. No. of analytical labs with adopted QA/QC process in the participating MSs

Government reports Expert reports Project /AIPS implementation records

Government commitment to support operators Availability of resources Use of the tools and capabilities developed through the project

Output Templates for outline of regulatory documents written consistent with int’l best practices.Guidance for environmental impact assessments (EIA), remediation plan (RP), completion report (CR) and long-term surveillance plan (LTSP) to be developed

Four templates for EIA, RP, CR and LTSP documents developedand available in participating MSs

Draft EIA, RP, CR, LTSP outlines on file Distribution records Expert and meeting reports

MS resources and commitment to produce and adopt the documents. Availability of extrabudgetary funding

Safety Assessments for specific uranium production legacy sites prepared

At least 3 safety assessments completed on additional uranium legacy sites

Safety Assessment Reports Project implementation records

MS support and commitment

Site specific Monitoring Plans developed

At least 3 Monitoring Plans completed

Draft Monitoring Plans Project implementation records

National Commitment and resources available

Analytical capability in the Member States improved

No. of laboratories with evidence of implementation of recommendations from inter-comparison exercise

Expert mission reports ICE information available Suitable institutes agree to participate

Increased knowledge of technical concepts for remediation and planning, and exchange of

No. of workshops and training activities held

Summary reports of workshops Expert reports Participant/visitor reports

Availability of host countries with adequate facilities and

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experience relative to U production legacy sites

Project records experiences, qualified experts, national representatives and resources


43. Supporting the Return to Normal Radiological Environmental Conditions for the Territories Affected by the Chernobyl Accident (RER/9/123) 19 New

Objectives: To provide technical, scientific and information support for the gradual transition of the territories of Belarus, Russia and Ukraine affected by the Chernobyl accident to normal radiological environmental conditions for economic activities





shipsScientific


Contracts Sub-Total

2012 39 195 31 780 0 0 0 70 975 15 000 0 15 000 85 9752013 26 730 32 180 0 0 0 58 910 35 000 0 35 000 93 9102014 0 102 158 0 0 0 102 158 25 000 0 25 000 127 1582015 4 655 99 958 0 0 0 104 613 25 000 0 25 000 129 613

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Problem Statement: The accident at the Chernobyl nuclear plant in April 1986 caused widespread radioactive contamination in northern Ukraine, southern and eastern Belarus and south-western Russia. It had negative effect on socio-economic development, health, culture and education, the environmental and natural resource management. In spite of the evident success in remediation of contaminated territories about hundred thousand people continue to live in the territories with elevated radiation exposure levels. The International Basic Safety Standards and national radiation safety regulations require the optimization of protection and safety of the public in the affected territories. It means that individual and collective radiation doses and the probability of potential exposures of the public should be as low as reasonably achievable, taking into account economic and social factors. The socio-economic life especially agricultural sector of the affected territories has not yet recovered and requires support. Chernobyl accident also raises concern on the health issues of the affected people and their future generations. The lack of information about the environmental and health effects has caused widespread frustration among the affected people. The need for support for the recovery of the affected territories was also confirmed by the recent Resolution UN Resolution A/RES/62/9, the UN General Assembly proclaimed 2006-2016, the third decade after the Chernobyl accident, as the Decade of Recovery and Sustainable Development of the Affected Regions. The resolution requested UN agencies to coordinate their efforts aimed at implementing the Decade and welcomed the preparation of an UN-wide “action plan” for Chernobyl recovery to cover the period through April 2016

Linkages with the regional efforts to address need: The Chernobyl issue is included in the TC European Regional Profile for 2009–2013. TC Resolutions of the 52nd and 53rd IAEA General Conferences and the recommendations of the UN Chernobyl Forum requires continuation of the TC projects related to the mitigation of the consequences of the Chernobyl accident.

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Past and present country efforts to address the need: The UN agencies and other international organisations (UNDP, UNEP, UNESCO, UNICEF, UNOV, WB, UNSCEAR, WHO and IFRC) provide activities aimed to mitigate the Chernobyl consequences and coordinate the owner projects based on the said UN Strategy for Recovery and the UN Resolution A/RES/62/9.

Past and present support by the IAEA in the same FOA: Since 1990 over $15 million assistance has been provided through the TC national and regional projects to reduce the impact of the disaster. Modern monitoring of external and internal exposure of critical population groups and realistic assessment of current and future radiation doses, introduction of current decontamination technologies and countermeasure strategies in the affected countries, setting up of a modern radiological laboratories, the introduction of modern methods of radioecological monitoring and the development and verification of models for the migration of radionuclides in bio-scenarios, production of radiologically clean and safe rapeseed oil and flour from the local grain, and positive social and psychological impacts on the population are the main achievements of the former IAEA TC Projects (RER9059, RER9074 and on-going RER3004). The social and economic life, especially agriculture, in the affected territories is still depressed and needs support for their recovery. Specific issues related to return for normal life conditions and economic activities at the territories affected by the Chernobyl accident have to be elaborated and introduced to the potential end-users.

Role if nuclear technology: The project is intended to provide the radiological tools for mitigation of the consequences of the large-scale nuclear accident.

End users: The population of affected territories , national Governments, regional and local authorities, decision makers, agricultural sector.

Partnership: UNDP, UNEP, UNESCO, UNICEF, UNOV, WB, UNSCEAR, WHO and IFRC, unified within the UN-wide “action plan” on the third decade after the Chernobyl accident, announced as the Decade of Recovery and Sustainable Development of the Affected Regions.

Strategy and sustainability: Project implementation will be based on a series of technical expert meetings with the involvement of international experts and participants from the affected countries. Project findings will be disseminated during regional workshops and seminars. The four-year project will make it possible to develop and harmonize the essential elements for the gradual transition of the territories affected by the Chernobyl accident to normal normal radiological environmental conditions for economic activities . • Recommendations for the gradual transition will be developed; • Recommendations on the classification of areas contaminated by radionuclides for the radiation protection of the population and for remediation of affected areas in the long term after the Chernobyl accident will be developed; • Approaches on the optimisation of radiation protection of the populationwill be elaborated; • Harmonized recommendations on establishing of regulatory limits on the radioactive contamination of foodstuffs, agricultural and forestry products will be developed; • Exchange of experience on the step-by-step resumption of economic activities in abandoned areas will be arranged. • Improvement of the existing Internet resources and the creation of new ones to provide information to the public, national and local authorities about the radiological situation, recommended remedial actions and cost-effective use of contaminated lands. Provision of coordination meetings on IAEA Chernobyl regional project and the United Nations ICRIN project. The meetings will be attended by delegations from Belarus, the Russian Federation and Ukraine, heads and staff members of the relevant divisions of the IAEA, UNDP, UNEP, UNESCO, UNICEF, UNOV, WB, UNSCEAR, WHO and IFRC unified within the UN-wide “action plan", and international experts.


Indicators Means of Verifications Assumptions Outcome Crucial prerequisites of the

gradual transition of the territories affected by the Chernobyl accident to normal life conditions and economic activities created.

Number of non- justified radiological restriction on economic activities are identified and lifted. Number of new recovery technologies is implemented.

National appraisal reports of efficiency of international cooperation. Peer reviews made by international experts

Willingness of the MS to introduced the recommendations of the project.

Output The radiation protection of the public in areas affected by the Chernobyl accident enhanced

Number of persons/settlements with radiation doses exited 1 mSv

National documents/reports National stakeholder’s interest

Public, local authorities and potential investors adequately informed about the radiological situation, recommended remedial

Web based information resources are functioning and the information is up to date

Web based information resources, Internet/national report

National/international stakeholder’s interest

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actions and cost-effective use of contaminated lands.


44. Improving Operational Safety of Nuclear Power Plants (RER/9/124) 10 New

Objectives: To improve operational safety of nuclear power plants (NPP) through information sharing and mutual support in resolving deficiencies and implementing improvement programmes





shipsScientific


Contracts Sub-Total

2012 17 420 111 780 0 0 0 129 200 0 0 0 129 2002013 8 910 128 180 0 0 0 137 090 0 0 0 137 090

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Problem Statement: Operational safety is the most vital and challenging area of nuclear safety after design and construction safety issues have been resolved. The operation of NPPs is very complex. In addition to considering sound engineering and technology principles, the human and organizational factors that can either contribute to, or detract from, safety must also be considered, along with ongoing economic, political and social pressures. Overall, NPP operational safety performance in European Region has reached a high level due partly to feedback of experiences and new technology. However, certainevents whose root causes have previously been identified and shared throughout the nuclear community continue to recur. Human and organizational factors, inadequate assessment of plant modifications and emphasis on production were main contributors to several significant events that occurred during recent years. These and other issues can reflect a lack of oversight by management, including commitment and attention to detail, which can reflect complacency. Countries operating nuclear power plants within TC Europe Region: Armenia, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Hungary, Slovakia, Slovenia, Romania and Ukraine have a limited number of nuclear power units in operation. Therefore their internal resources and available information for addressing operational safety issues is relatively limited as compared to large nuclear utilities around the world.

Linkages with the regional efforts to address need: This project is directly linked to the prevailing Strategy for theTechnical Cooperation Programme in the Europe Region: To promote regional networks for exchange of nuclear technologies, know-how, and information. Long Term Operation and Engineering Aspects of Nuclear Facilities is one of the priority in the European Regional Profile for 2009 -2013 (Nuclear Installation Safety chapter).

Past and present country efforts to address the need: Know-how on operational safety issues of nuclear power plants is available in the Europe region, but sharing this know-how among all MS operating nuclear power plants and facilitating mutual support among them is the gap which will be addressed by this regional project Project implementation will promote regional networks for exchange of nuclear technologies, know-how, and information. To promote high levels of safety, security and non-proliferation.

Past and present support by the IAEA in the same FOA: RER9098 "Improving Safety Management Systems and Operation Feedback" had some relevance to the subjectmatter of this project, however it was concentrated on selected topics of management and operating experience feedback for nuclear installation in general. The end users

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of RER9098 were also different. They being: regulatory bodies and countries not operating nuclear power plants were also participating. This project is going to address specific needs of nuclear power plants and nuclear utilities.

Role if nuclear technology: Know-how and experience of good practices and effective improvement programmes are related relaited to operational safety of NPP operation.

End users: Nuclear power plants and nuclear utilities in the Member States will be immediate beneficiaries. End user will be the population at large of the participating MS, who will benefit from the safe and more reliable operation of the NPPs.

Partnership: World Association of Nuclear Operators (WANO): Moscow Regional Centre and NPPs operators outside the TC Europe Region

Strategy and sustainability: Regional seminars (possibly jointly organized with WANO Moscow Regional Centre) on sharing information concerning corrective actions and improvement programmes addressing operational safety performance deficiencies. Scientific visits to gain/share information on effective ways of addressing operational safety performance deficiencies (upon request). On request provide expert missions to nuclear power plants or nuclear utilities to assist development of corrective actions and improvement programmes. Involving experts to advise on nuclear power plants or nuclear utilities within or outside of Region TC Europe (or in limited cases technical support organizations) to resolve operational safety performance deficiencies. Expert missions to assess additional progress in the resolution of issues for which insufficient progress was observed during follow up missions


Indicators Means of Verifications Assumptions Outcome Improved operational safety of

participating MS in key specific areas where problems have been identified by IAEA operational safety review services (or other internal or external reviews/audits) by addressing them within a common regional setting.

NPPs of participating countries have in place effective correction action programmes

NPPs of participating countries have in place effective correction action programmes State reports Database on corrective actions Expert reports

Participating organizations are committed to sustain effective action programmes

Output Topical reports on key operational safety performance deficiencies, effective corrective actions and improvement programmes of NPPs identified as priority during project implementation.

At the least 3 topical reports prepared for final edition

IAEA databases or published working materials

Information for preparing the edition of the report available on time; IAEA publication committee has accepted the publications in accordance with internal procedures.

Database on corrective actions and improvement programmes of NPPs updated by participating MS.

Number of NPPs from the participating countries which have updated the database

Database on corrective actions IAEA database operable and support available for the NPPs to enter the information; NPPs committed to enter the information timely and complete.


45. Strengthening Nuclear Safety Assessment Capabilities Through the use of the Safety Assessment, Education and Training (SAET) Programme (RER/9/125) 10 New

Objectives: To enhance and harmonise safety assessment competencies and capacities in Member States of TC Europe region that are operating, expanding or planning nuclear power programmes by delivering a rigorous and comprehensive education and training programme making use of the IAEA's Safety Assessment, Education and Training (SAET) programme

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shipsScientific


Contracts Sub-Total

2012 1 500 200 000 0 0 0 201 500 0 0 0 201 5002013 0 200 000 0 0 0 200 000 0 0 0 200 000

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Problem Statement: Newcomer Member States (MS) and those upgrading their nuclear safety capacity for an expanding nuclear power programme need the skills and knowledge to conduct successful safety assessments for design, licensing, construction and operation of nuclear power plants. To support and enhance their national safety regulatory infrastructures, regulatory bodies, operators and Technical Support Organisations (TSO) s are in need of a systematic post-graduate education and training programme specifically focussed on essential knowledge and advanced practical applications of deterministic and probabilistic safety assessment based on sound safety principles. The Safety Assessment Education and Training Programme takes its roots from the IAEA Safety Standards, that is based on international best practices. More and more countries with limited technical infrastructure that has a significant need for electricity, will develop nuclear power programmes. At present, they rely on safety assessments provided by vendors, and possible support from regulatory authorities of supplier countries. However, they will need to independently make educated and informed decisions. This IAEA regional TC project will support the development of necessary competencies for them to make these important safety decisions independently. This regional project will provide for the systematic training of nuclear safety experts across country borders through a regional project designed for all newcomer Member States in the European Region.


Past and present country efforts to address the need: Training courses and workshops that have been held for a few years by 2012 through various cooperation mechanisms (US DOE, NRC, TACIS, etc) have profited in grouping together participants who have similar needs throughout the region, and will foster discussion and cooperation among respective IAEA Member States who are more or less knowledgeable in areas of safety assessment depending on the stage of development of their individual nuclear power programmes and safety assessment knowledge base.

Past and present support by the IAEA in the same FOA: The Safety Assessment Education and Training Programme developed by the IAEA takes its roots from the IAEA Safety Standards, and its content is based on international best practices and expertise. In order to support and enhance national safety regulatory infrastructures, regulatory bodies, operators and TSOs are in need of a systematic post-graduate education and training programme specifically focussed on essential knowledge and advanced practical applications of deterministic and probabilistic safety assessment based on sound safety principles. As more countries with limited technical infrastructure but significant need for electricity deploy nuclear power programmes, they will have to rely on safety assessments provided by vendors, and hope for support from regulatory authorities of supplier countries. Nevertheless, they will have to make educated and informed decisions.

Role if nuclear technology: Training in practical applications of advanced safety assessment tools will include the use of computer codes and modelling techniques which are widely used by experienced safety analysts in IAEA's respective Member States.

End users: Personnel of regulatory bodies and nuclear safety decision makers will directly benefit from this programme in Safety Assessment and Integrated Risk Informed Decision Making (IRIDM) which will enable them

93

to make informed decisions on licensing, construction and operations of NPP through increased competency in safety analysis. Operators and TSOs will also benefit.

Partnership: Contribution of knowledge and expertise will be provided by a large number of external institutions and partners including by well established TSOs (Spain, Croatia, Czech Republic, Russia, Korea, USA) , academic institutions (e.g. WNU), universities, national regulatory bodies (e.g. CNSNS, UK-NII/HSE, NRC, IRSN, KINS), international organizations (e.g. OECD/NEA, ENSTTI, WANO) and regional organizations.

Strategy and sustainability: The project counteparts involve both countries seeking assistance and countries ready to contribute with their experience to help other countries to tweak their national safety assessment training programmes to both IAEA's model SAET units and the country's national priorities. The involvement of the two types of countries will enhance regional cooperation and will be an effective way of using the resources available in the region.


Indicators Means of Verifications Assumptions Outcome Participating MS have

developed a strategy for building national technical competencies in safety assessment to a more advanced level enabling them to make decisions on NPP licensing, construction and operations.

# of MS with developed safety assessment capacity building strategies based on the results of a comprehensive needs assessment and advisory review. # of MS that have an Action Plan to implement a National Strategy for safety assessment capacity building # of trained and educated experts in safety assessment essential and advanced knowledge compared to identified needs ? Full curriculum elements present on IAEA electronic platform “GSAN”

Reports from MS Reports from regional coordination meetings Reports from EM Reports from training events & MS Reports from fellowships and mentoring sessions Results of independent validation by panel of experts of curriculum elements developed based on Member States’ needs

Participating MS’ have existing NP programmes or validated plans for developing one. There are procedures and associated resources to put in place the Safety Assessment strategy MS have electronic access to GSAN

Increased expertise in safety assessment consistent with identified MS needs

# of MS with developed safety assessment capacity building strategies based on the results of a comprehensive needs assessment and advisory review. # of MS that have an Action Plan to implement a National Strategy for safety assessment capacity building # of trained and educated experts in safety assessment essential and advanced knowledge compared to identified needs Full curriculum elements present on IAEA electronic platform “GSAN”


A comprehensive safety assessment curriculum for essential and advanced knowledge components of the safety assessment education and training programme for direct application in Member States capacity building efforts

# of MS with developed safety assessment capacity building strategies based on the results of a comprehensive needs assessment and advisory review. # of MS that have an Action Plan to implement a National Strategy for safety assessment capacity building # of trained and educated experts in safety assessment essential and advanced knowledge compared to identified needs Full curriculum elements present on IAEA electronic platform “GSAN”


Output Familiarization of competent bodies with IAEA’s strategy for E&T in safety assessment and agreement on an Implementation Plan for developing, endorsing and implementing an E&T strategy in safety

# of MS familiarized with IAEA’s strategy for E&T Implementation Plans agreed

Report from a dedicated WS Competent bodies willing to cooperate Competent bodies are entitled and empowered to make decision as necessary

94

assessment MS have assessed their

E&T needs in safety assessment with the assistance of IAEA advisory and review

# of MS that have assessed their national needs for E&T in safety assessment

Report of needs-assessment from MS

Information is available MS follow a harmonized approach

Staff trained and educated in Safety Assessment based on relevant IAEA Safety Standards

# of staff trained based on identified needs # of training events held

Reports from training events MS can release staff for longer training events Availability of IEX

Curriculum and training materials developed for essential components of SAET

# of training modules in curriculum and training materials

Training modules Availability of IEX


46. Advancing Safety Assessment Capabilities, Harmonizing Safety Assessments and Creating Synergy between Deterministic and Probabilistic Safety Analyses (RER/9/126) 10 New

Objectives: To support and strengthen the existing current developments in the MSs to ensure the stable, safe and competitive operation of nuclear reactors that are closely related to the advances that are being made in safety analysis. Deterministic safety analyses for anticipated operational occurrences (AOOs), design basis accidents (DBAs) and beyond design basis accidents (BDBAs) are complemented by Probabilistic Safety Analayses and the overall objective of this project is to create synergy between these two types of safety analyses.





shipsScientific


Contracts Sub-Total

2012 15 000 232 000 0 0 0 247 000 0 0 0 247 0002013 0 235 000 0 0 0 235 000 0 0 0 235 000

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Problem Statement: During the last decade, safety assessment techniques have advanced – challenges however remain in relation to new technology, long term operation, plant modifications and power uprates, and new builds. In recent years, the MSs have made increasing use of realistic, best-estimate results with evaluation of uncertainties. Therefore, it is widely recognised that cooperative international efforts with the support of leading industrialised countries is essential to the field. The completeness of the PSA scope and models utilised for the Europe-region NPP safety assessments are key issues influencing regulatory decisions towards acceptance of PSA based justifications for optimization programs. The regulatory bodies need to avail of state-of-the-art analytical tools to be capable of such evaluations. It is therefore indispensible to be able to determine how could the PSA results be better used to investigate the provisions for defence in depth and how could the PSA be structured to make this comparison easier. Periodic Safety Reviews is also an established requirement to ensure safe operation of NPPs.

95


Past and present country efforts to address the need: A few MS in the region have pursued independent efforts in trying to use harmonised PSA and DSA approaches but no balanced unified efforts have been there to give a maximum effect to those attempts. It is worth mentioning that it was IAEA TC project RER9095 (of the 2009-11 TC cycle) that had been the key focus of those acitvities in the Europe region MS.

Past and present support by the IAEA in the same FOA: RER9095 in the Programme and Budget Cycle for 2009 – 2011 addressed advances in safety assessment tools and methods and the timing is right to address the synergy between Deterministic and Probabilistic Safety Assessment Methods.

Role if nuclear technology: Deterministic and Probabilistic Safety Analyses are essential tools to evaluate safety of NPPs. The relevant assessments to be developed by the operating organisations do increase the safety of the operating nuclear units.

End users: The end-users are relevant staff of the organisations (operators, regulators, TSOs)of the MS in the region with active nuclear power programmes and those which plan to embark on the use of nuclear power.

Partnership: European Commission/Joint Research Centre-Institute for Energy (EC/JRC-IE) has expressed strong interest to participate in this project.

Strategy and sustainability: The project counteparts involve both countries seeking assistance and countries ready to contribute with their experience to help other countries to tweak their national safety assessment training programmes to both IAEA's model SAET units and the country's national priorities. The involvement of the two types of countries will enhance regional cooperation and will be an effective way of using the resources available in the region.


Indicators Means of Verifications Assumptions Outcome Nuclear safety assessment competences of

participating organizations of countries operating or planning to build NPP reinforced to use combined deterministic (DSA) and probabilistic (PSA) safety assessment approaches for sound and consistent decision making

# of regulatory bodies that implement decisions utilising the combined approach

MS competent body reports MS willingness to cooperate

Output A draft IAEA guideline document with recommendation and criteria on how to integrate and harmonize the outcomes of PSA and DSA for sound and consistent decision making

Document reviewed by project-participating MS

MS competent body reports MS support Expert availability

Staff competencies developed in the use of integrated PSA and DSA for sound and consistent decision making

Number of WS/TC participants

Event proceedings Expert reports Evaluation sheets

A report summarizing national practices or plans for implementation of IRIDM in MS developed and disseminated

Report produced and disseminated

The report summarizing national practices or plans Expert reports

Competent bodies having sufficient authority Expert availability

IRIDM methodology exchange fostered in participating MS

# of methodology exchange event participants

Forum proceedings Evaluation sheets

MS support Availability of key authority representatives


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New Technical Cooperation Field of Activity Codes for the 2012–2013 Programme Cycle

Code Field of Activity

1 Building nuclear science competencies

2 Reference products for science and trade

3 Nuclear knowledge and human resource management

4 Energy planning

5 Introduction of nuclear power

6 Nuclear power reactors

7 Nuclear fuel cycle

8 Research reactors

9 Legal, governmental and emergency preparedness and response infrastructures

10 Safety of nuclear installations

11 Control of radiation sources

12 Radiation protection of workers and patients

13 Transport safety

14 Nuclear security

15 Water resources management

16 Understanding climate change

17 Marine and coastal environments

18 Cleaner and safer management of industrial processes

19 Radioactive waste management, decommissioning and environmental remediation

20 Crop production

21 Agricultural water and soil management

22 Livestock production

23 Insect pest control

24 Food safety

25 Prevention and control of cancer

26 Radiation oncology in cancer management

27 Nuclear medicine and diagnostic imaging

28 Radioisotope production and radiation technology for health care

29 Quality assurance and metrology in radiation medicine

30 Nutrition and infectious disease management

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