While working in the science laboratory, you will have certain important _____________ that do not apply to other classrooms. You will be working with materials and apparatus which, if handled carelessly or improperly, have the potential to cause ______ or discomfort to someone else as well as yourself.

responsibilities

injury

LaboratorySafety Rules

It’s the LAW!

Occupational Safety & Health Administration

Basic Safety Rules

Use common sense.

No horseplay.

No unauthorized experiments.

Handle chemicals/glassware with respect.

Others:

#1 Rule:

Safety Features of the Lab

safety showerfire blanketfire extinguishereye washfume hoodcircuit breaker switch

http://lansce.lanl.gov/training/FST2004/images04/chemicals1.gif

Basic Safety Rules

Use common sense.

No horseplay.

No unauthorized experiments.

Handle chemicals/glassware with respect.

Others:

#1 Rule:

Safety Features of the Lab

• safety shower• fire blanket• fire extinguisher• eye wash• fume hood• circuit breaker

switch

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)

gives informationabout a chemical

-- lists “Dos” and “Don’ts;”

emergency procedures

--

Chemical Exposure

a one-time exposure causes damage

acute exposure chronic exposure

damage occurs after repeated exposure

reaction to drugs

or medication

e.g., e.g., smoking,

asbestos

LD50

There are various ways an LD50 can be expressed. For example, acetone has the following LD50s:

ORL-RAT LD50: 5,800 mg/kgIHL-RAT LD50: 50,100 mg/m3-hSKN-RBT LD50: 20 g/kg

the lethal dosage for 50% of the animals on which the chemical is tested

Example

Which is more toxic?

Chemical A is more toxic because less of it proves fatal to half of a given population.

Chemical A: LD50 = 3.2 mg/kgChemical B: LD50 = 48 mg/kg

LABORATORY SAFETY

• Chemical Hazard Label

• MSDS

• Safety Quiz

Courtesy Christy Johannesson www.nisd.net/communicationsarts/pages/chem

Safety Symbols

NFPA CHEMICAL HAZARD LABEL

HEALTH

SPECIAL

REACTIVITY(STABILITY)

FLAMMABILITY

NFPA CHEMICAL HAZARD LABEL

2 34 0

LeastSerious

4

MostSerious

4

0

Flammable vapor which burns readily

Substance is stable

NFPA CHEMICAL HAZARD LABEL

Avoid water.

May detonate

with heat or ignition.

Severe health risk.

Burns readily.Diborane

434

W

HealthHealth (blue)

Chem. nameChem. name

4 – deadly

3 – extreme danger

2 – hazardous

1 – slightly

hazardous

0 – normal material

Fire HazardFire Hazard (red)Flash Point Temp.

4 – below 73oF Temp.

3 – 73 to 100oF – v. flam.

2 – 101 to 200oF – flam.

1 – over 200oF - slightly

combustible

0 – will not burn

ReactivityReactivity (yellow)4 – may detonate

3 – shock or heat may

detonate

2 – violent chem. reaction

1 – unstable if heated

0 – stable

Specific HazardSpecific HazardOXY – oxidizer

ACID – acid

ALK – alkali

COR – corrosive

W – use no water

RAD – radiation hazard

NFPA LabelNFPA Label

NFPA CHEMICAL HAZARD LABEL

Complete Label for Acetone

NFPA CHEMICAL HAZARD LABEL

Complete Label for Phosphine

MSDS

• Material Safety Data Sheet

• On file for all purchased chemicals.

• Includes all information shown on a chemical label and more.

• Different formats are used by different chemical companies.

MSDS

Health Hazard

4 Very short exposure could cause death or serious residual injury even though prompt medical attention was given.

3 Short exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury even though prompt medical attention was given.

2Intense or continued exposure could cause temporary incapacitation or possible residual injury unless prompt medical attention is given.

1 Exposure could cause irritation but only minor residual injury even if no treatment is given.

0 Exposure under fire conditions would offer no hazard beyond that of ordinary combustible materials.

FLAMMABILITY

4Will rapidly or completely vaporize at normal pressure and temperature, or is readily dispersed in air and will burn readily.

3 Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient conditions.

2 Must be moderately heated or exposed to relatively high temperature before ignition can occur.

1 Must be preheated before ignition can occur.

0 Materials that will not burn.

INSTABILITY1

4 Readily capable of detonation or of explosive decomposition or reaction at normal temperatures and pressures.

3Capable of detonation or explosive reaction, but requires a strong initiating source or must be heated under confinement before initiation, or reacts explosively with water.

2Normally unstable and readily undergo violent decomposition but do not detonate. Also: may react violently with water or may form potentially explosive mixtures with water.

1Normally stable, but can become unstable at elevated temperatures and pressures or may react with water with some release of energy, but not violently.

0 Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and are not reactive with water.

1 Prior to 1996, this section was titled "Reactivity". The name was changed because many people did not understand the distinction between a "reactive hazard" and the "chemical reactivity" of the material. The numeric ratings and their meanings remain unchanged.

OX This denotes an oxidizer, a chemical which can greatly increase the rate of combustion/fire.

         

 

Unusual reactivity with water. This indicates a potential hazard using water to fight a fire involving this material.

This section is used to denote special hazards. There are only two NFPA 704 approved symbols

ACID This indicates that the material is an acid, a corrosive material that has a pH lower than 7.0

ALK This denotes an alkaline material, also called a base. These caustic materials have a pH greater than 7.0

                        

This denotes a material that is corrosive (it could be either an acid or a base).

                        

The skull and crossbones is used to denote a poison or highly toxic material. See also: CHIP Danger symbols.

                        

The international symbol for radioactivity is used to denote radioactive hazards; radioactive materials are extremely hazardous when inhaled.

                        

Indicates an explosive material. This symbol is somewhat redundant because explosives are easily recognized by their Instability Rating.

Aleksza NHHS H-Chemistry 2012-13Safety Quick QuizName:_____________________________________________Score:________/_10__

1. List two safety items in our classroom: (2 points)

A. B.

2. What does MSDS stand for? (2 points)

3. The blue section of the NFPA label represents which type of hazard? (2 points)

4. Provide an example of an acute exposure to a chemical. (2 points)

5. Lab safety and cleanliness is your responsibility too! (2 points)

(A) True (B) False

Aleksza NHHS C- Chemistry 2012-13Safety Quick QuizName:_____________________________________________Score:________/_8__

_____1. Whis is not a safety item in our classroom: (2 points)

A. Hood B. Goggles C. Gas Mask D. Fire Extinguisher

_____2. What does MSDS stand for? (2 points)

A. Material Safety Data SheetsB. Material Support Demostration SuppliesC. Mother Son & Daughter SocietyD. Material Safety Disposal Steps

_____3. The blue section of the NFPA label represents which type of hazard? (2 points)

A. Flamability B. Health C. Reactivity D. Other

_____4. Lab safety and cleanliness is your responsibility too! (2 points)

(A) True (B) False