Which of the prison slang words above was used for these terms: prison hulk; prison guard; sent to the gallows; tell the authorities (inform on someone); booty or plunder; judges; transported; six

months in prison; treadmill; stealing washing that has been left out to dry

Floating academy

Screw

To be tuck up fair

Chirp Swag

Beaks

Lagged

Half stretch

Shin scraper

Going snowing

Which of the prison slang words above was used for these terms: prison hulk; prison guard; sent to the gallows; tell the authorities (inform on someone); booty or plunder; judges; transported; six

months in prison; treadmill; stealing washing that has been left out to dry

Floating academy

Screw

To be tuck up fair

Chirp Swag

Beaks

Lagged

Half stretch

Shin scraper

Going snowing

Prison hulk

Sent to gallows

Prison guard

Tell authoritie

s

Steal linen

Booty

Judges

Six months

Tranported

Treadmill

www.victorianlondon.org

Why did prisons Why did prisons change?change?

TBAT compare work of two TBAT compare work of two reformers To assess who reformers To assess who

made the bigger contribution made the bigger contribution to prisonsto prisons

Learning objectives

Key words: Quaker crank oakum picking

John Howard Elizabeth Fry

Work in pairs and take notes on the following aspects of their work before sharing your findings….

Pair work taskPair work task

Their backgroundTheir background The role of religion in their workThe role of religion in their work Their findingsTheir findings The impact of travel on their workThe impact of travel on their work Their influence on governmentTheir influence on government What were the challenges they What were the challenges they

faced?faced?

John HowardSon of wealthy businessman; mother died when he was young

Had a religious experience whilst travelling around Italy

As High Sheriff for Bedford he was appalled by conditions in gaols, esp. fact that gaolers weren’t paid a salary and so bribed prisoners

Imprisoned in France; travelled around English prisons; travelled around foreign prisons

Presented his findings to Parliament, leading to the Gaols Act 1777 – gaolers received a salary

Elizabeth FryDaughter of a wealthy businessman; had to help raise the family when her mother died

Belonged to the Quakers – a branch of Christianity which practised a simple, charitable faith

Women lived in cramped, squalid conditions; in Newgate 300 women lived in 2 large cells; gambling was common

Went on a tour of prisons across Britain to gather evidence

Gave evidence to a committee of House of Commons – led to passing of Gaols Act (1823); led to chaplains, better health provision and women warders

Fry helped to educate prisoners and provided them with work & skills – famously knitting socks

Elizabeth Fry’s portrait is soon to disappear from the five pound note. Do you think it should be saved?

This house believes that Elizabeth Fry should be replaced by John Howard on the £5 note!

Success criteriaSuccess criteriaLevel 1 Level 2 Level 3

Only considers one individual

Needs to drink more water!

Compares two individuals but lacks the formal structure or detail of a level 3 answer

Some PEE

Introduction – sets out the background to the two individualsTopic paragraph 1– explains the contribution of one plus some possible problemsTopic paragraph 2 explains the contribution of another, plus some possible problemsConclusion – sums up the contributions and on balance explains which individual contributed more

Lots of PEE!

John Howard Elizabeth Fry

Watch this clip on YouTube and supplement your notes with additional evidence on the contributions of John Howard and Elizabeth Fry on prison reform

HomeworkHomework Elizabeth Fry on £5 note – letter to Elizabeth Fry on £5 note – letter to

governor; 1 side A4governor; 1 side A4 Description of conditions before EFDescription of conditions before EF What she recommendedWhat she recommended Work of other reformers, e.g. John HowardWork of other reformers, e.g. John Howard

Concluding statement as to why her picture Concluding statement as to why her picture should remainshould remain Conduct some research into who has appeared Conduct some research into who has appeared

on this note in the past, why changing the image on this note in the past, why changing the image has caused controversy, and who will replace has caused controversy, and who will replace Elizabeth FryElizabeth Fry

How did prisons How did prisons change?change?

TBAT compare work of two TBAT compare work of two reformers To assess different reformers To assess different

approaches to prisons as approaches to prisons as punishmentspunishments

Learning objectives

Key words: Quaker crank oakum picking