Which concept from classical Athens is central to western political thought?

A Individual achievement, dignity, and worth are of great importance.

B Individual recognition impedes societal progress.

C. Individuals should fight against nature and society to achieve greatness.

D. Individuals play an insignificant role in shaping ideas, society, and the state.

Which Greek city was a military state?A.CorinthB.SpartaC.AthensD.Alexandria

Who expanded democracy during Athens's “Golden Age”?A.PericlesB.CleisthenesC.SolonD. Alexander

Who believed that in an ideal society the government should be controlled by a class of “philosopher kings”?A PlatoB. Lao-tzuC. MuhammadD.Thomas Aquinas

Who wrote “The Republic”?

A.PlatoB.PericlesC.SocratesD.Aristotle

Who extended Greek culture and learning into Egypt and Asia?A.DariusB.CaesarC.PericlesD.Alexander

The blending of Greek, Persian, Mesopotamian, Egyptian, and Indian traditions was known as …A.AryanB.HellenisticC.Neo-ClassicalD.Byzantine

Rome greatly expanded its control of the Mediterranean by defeating its rival _______ in the Punic WarsA.PersiaB.AthensC.CarthageD.Sparta

A.System of Roman lawB.Another name for the

roman empireC.The Roman ReligionD.200-year period of peace

The Pax Romana was a (an)…

What was not a Roman contribution to Western law?A.A written codeB.The use of evidenceC.Ethical and moral

principalsD.Civil and national law

The individual most responsible for changing Rome from a republic to an empire was …A.Julius CaesarB.HannibalC.PericlesD.Aristotle

Which feature of modern Western democratic government reflects Aristotle’s views ? A. the requirement that government

actions must adhere to the law B. the power of the courts to review

the lawC the granting of emergency

powers to the chief executive D the direct election of members of

the legislature

What is a republic?A.Representative

governmentB.A government with

equality for allC.Direct democracyD.A comprehensive system of

courts

Who was the first emperor of Rome?A.OctavianB.BrutusC.Julius CaesarD.Cassius

Lower class Roman citizens were known as …

A.PatriciansB.HelotsC.PlebeiansD.Consuls

Jewish and Christian beliefs differ from the Greco-Roman tradition in matters concerning the importance of

A individual morality.B belief in one God.C the role of law.D. the family unit.

In the Greek and Roman traditions, a citizen's most important duty is toAthe stateBmilitary leadersRome's ancestorsDZeus or Jupiter. 

Who is known as the “Father” of the Hebrews?A.IshmaelB.MosesC.AbrahamD.Isaiah

The holy text of the Jewish faith is the …A.The Justinian CodeB.The TorahC.The Twelve Tables D.The Koran

The Hebrew concept of Man in God’s Image did NOT result in the Western tradition ofA.Natural lawB.Human DignityC.Individual ResponsibilityD.Worth of the Individual

Traditionally, who led the Israelites out of Egypt?

A.AbrahamB.Paul C.MosesD.Matthew

An agreement or promise between God and man is called a …A.DiasporaB.CovenantC.SabbathD.Ethics

Who spread the message of Christianity to the Gentiles?A.PaulB.AugustineC.JesusD.Constantine

Who started the Protestant Reformation?A.Ignatius of LoyolaB.Martin LutherC.John Calvin D.Leonardo Da Vinci

Which English king is associated with medieval legal reforms?A.Charles IB.Henry IIC.Charles IID.Henry VIII

A legal system based on precedents determined by decisions of royal justices is calledA.ParliamentB.Habeas CorpusC.Common LawD.Due Process

The main principle of the Magna Carta signed by King John in 1215 __________.

A reduced the power of the monarchy and reduced the power of peasantsB limited the power of the monarchyC increased the power of the monarchyD maintained the power of the monarchy and increased the power of peasants

How did the Magna Carta (1215) contribute to the development of the English government?

A It created a two-house parliament

B It extended voting rights C It provided for a bill of rights

D It limited the power of the monarch

Limitation of royal power, the Right of Petition, Free Speech,Power of the Purse, and Representative Government were all features of

A.The English Bill of Rights

B.The Model ParliamentC.The Magna CartaD.The Restoration

Who wrote The Wealth of Nations?A.Thomas MalthusB.VoltaireC.Jean Jacques RousseauD.Adam Smith

Which philosopher first developed the concept of the “social contract”A.John LockeB.Thomas HobbesC.VoltaireD.Mary Wollenstonecraft

John Locke argued that life, liberty, and property areA natural rights that should be

protected by government B political rights to be granted

as determined by law C economic rights earned in a

capitalistic system D social rights guaranteed by the

ruling class

What document best exemplifies the natural rights philosophy?

A The Communist Manifesto B Plato’s Republic C Luther’s Ninety-five Theses

D The Declaration of Independence

Which document shares many elements Which document shares many elements with, and was partly inspired by, the with, and was partly inspired by, the Declaration of Independence? Declaration of Independence?

A. English Bill of RightsB. French Declaration of the Rights of

Man and CitizenC. Magna CartaD. Napoleonic Codes 

The U.S. Bill of Rights borrowed some of its principle ideas from which document?

A. U.S. AmendmentsB. Code of HammurabiC. Declaration of the Rights of Man and

Citizen D. English Bill of Rights 

Who believed that all governments should provide “Life, Liberty, and Property”A.John LockeB.VoltaireC.Thomas HobbesD.Montesquieu

Which philosopher wrote The Spirit of the Law?A.Jean Jacques RousseauB.VoltaireC.MontesquieuD.John Locke

Which philosopher believed Civilization corrupts people’s natural goodness, rule by General Will, Democracy, and equality? A.Jean Jacques RousseauB.VoltaireC.MontesquieuD.John Locke

Which conflict permanently changed the relationship between Britain and its American colonies?A.The Boston MassacreB.The Hundred Years WarC.The French RevolutionD.The French and Indian War

The Stamp Act, Boston massacre, and Boston Tea Party were basically a continuing conflict overA.LandB.Freedom of SpeechC.TaxationD.Representation

Many of the concepts of the Declaration of Independence were based on ideas first voiced byA.Thomas JeffersonB.Benjamin FranklinC.Thomas HobbesD.John Locke

Saratoga was a critical battle because …A. It started the American

revolutionB. It ended the American revolutionC. It was Washington's greatest

victory D.It proved to the French that the

Americans could defeat the British army

Which of the following WAS NOT a weakness of the Articles of Confederation?A.It could not negotiate

treatiesB.It lacked an executiveC.No power to taxD.Unequal representation

What was added to the constitution to secure its passage?A. Checks and balancesB. A Bill of RightsC. An executive branchD. The right to tax

The U.S. has a federal system of government. This means that …

A. Only the central government can taxB. The states have no rightsC. All powers not given to the central

government are reserved for the states

D.Its bigger than the Articles of Confederation

The Declaration of Independence and the Declaration of the Rights of Man emphasized governments mustA guarantee economic

prosperity B protect the rights of people C support established religious beliefs

D operate on a system of checks and balances

The American Revolution and the French Revolution were similar because A Both favored representative

governments B Both limited voting rights to an

economic elite C Both retained certain

hereditary rights for aristocrats D Both supported equal rights for

women

When the branches of government remain independent of each other, it is called

A popular sovereignty B separation of powers C federalism D direct democracy

Unlike the French Revolution, the American Revolution produced A women’s suffrage B short-term military rule

C strategic alliances D a lasting constitution

The Third Estate took the Tennis Court Oath (1789) at the start of the French Revolution, to A establish a military government B draft a new national constitution C restore the king to power D persuade Napoleon to take power

What demonstrated that popular protest would play a role in the French Revolution?

A the reign of the Committee of Public Safety

B the trial of Louis XIV C the fall of the Bastille D the Civil Constitution of the Clergy

Which social class included members of the clergy in France? A.The First EstateB.The second EstateC.The Third EstateD.The Fourth Estate

A.Jean Paul MaratB.Georges DantonC.Maximilian RobespierreD.Napoleon Bonaparte

Who lead the Reign of Terror?

Napoleon’s empire DID NOT include A.DemocracyB.Educational reformsC.A new legal codeD.The Continental System

According to most historians, what was probably Napoleon’s greatest mistake?A.The Continental

SystemB.1808 Invasion of SpainC.1812 Invasion of RussiaD.The Napoleonic Code

What was Napoleon’s final battle?A.BorodinoB.LeipzigC.WaterlooD.Trafalgar

Agricultural changes during the 1600s contributed to England’s later industrial development by

A. strengthening the importance of the family farm.

B. breaking large estates into smaller farms.

C. encouraging city dwellers to return to farming.

D. producing more food with fewer workers.

Which of the following is a major reason why England was the first nation to industrialize?

A. the stability of the English system of monarchy and Parliament

B. the steam engineC. the excellent English banking system

D. local supplies of resources, such as coal and iron

How did trade contribute to the early growth of an industrial economy in Great Britain? A. It allowed the British to

educate their workforce. B. It provided funds to pay high

wages to the new labor class. C. It enabled British merchants to

hire skilled foreign laborers. D. It gave British entrepreneurs

the capital needed to open new factories.

Which of the following was a POLITICAL reason why Britain led the Industrial Revolution?

A. Britain had lots of iron and coal.B. Britain had lots of rich people who

became investors and entrepreneurs.C. The government encouraged

industry by spending its money on infrastructure.

D. Britain was an island so it could trade with all of Europe.

The Industrial Revolution required which three factors of production?

A. military, colonies, and landB. roads, railways, and shipsC. land, labor, and capitalD. man made goods, raw materials, and transportation

Who invented both the cotton gin and assembly line?A.James WattB.Jethro Tull C.Eli WhitneyD.Henry Bessemer

What effect did new energysources, such as the steam engine, have on the manufacturing

productivity in industrialeconomies? A. Productivity slowed down. B. Productivity stopped.C. Productivity increased. D. Productivity stayed the same.

__________ is best known for his inexpensive process for producing steel.

A. James WattB. Eli WhitneyC. Louis PasteurD. Henry Bessemer 

What invention did James Watt improve that accelerated the Industrial Revolution all over the worldA.the 40 watt electric light bulbB.the coal-burning locomotiveC.the steam engineD.the self-propelled textile loom 

What historical trend was most responsible for the change in Britain’s population? A. immigration from the colonies B. The Agricultural Revolution C. improvements in urban health care D. famine in rural areas

Why was the steam engine so important?A.It was a mobile power

sourceB.It made automobiles

possibleC.It produced electricityD.It used cheap water

power

Which of the following is a basic tenet of Socialism? Property and distribution of wealth are under …

A. individual controlB. the control of the kingC. control of the aristocracyD. social, not individual, control

The economic system in which private property would cease to exist and all good and services would be shared equally is BEST described as:

A. communismB. utopianismC. socialismD. utilitarianism 

Which movement called for community ownership of

property brought about by a workers' revolution?

A.A. SocialismSocialismB.B. Social DemocracySocial DemocracyC.C. UtopianismUtopianismD.D. Communism Communism 

What was the relationship between work and property in a utopian community?

A. People worked together and shared their property

B. People worked separately but shared their property

C. Those who worked the most owned the most property

D. A few people owned most of the property, while others worked for them.

A. Most of our consumer goods are produced overseas

B. The cost of machinery and new factories is too high

C. Business owners get rich while workers remain poor

D. Rapid economic growth destroys our natural resources.

Which statement would a critic of capitalism have MOST likely made during the Industrial Revolution?

To increase production output during the Industrial Revolution, businesses primarily invested in A workers’ wages.B machinery.C training.D marketing

During the Industrial Revolution industrialized nations colonized underdeveloped countries in Africa and Asia.  This practice was an example of__________.

A SocialismB Imperialism C Social Darwinism D Communism  

Which of the following factors did not contribute to imperialism?

A. the Industrial Revolution, B. a sense of national pride C. missionaries desire to "civilize" foreign people

D. Socialism

How were the native people in 19th century colonies treated?

A. They were treated well, educated, and given houses.

B. They were ignored and left to fend for themselves.

C. They were treated very poorly, often exploited and abused.

D. They were made part of the colonies, often achieving high office.

Rudyard Kipling's poem The White Man's Burden was used by Europeans to justify __________.

A. Feudalism B. SocialismC. ImperialismD. Nazism

At the end of the 1800s, colonies were generally seen as a A. place to banish criminals.B. sign of a country’s relative power.

C. location to train military forces.

D. method for suppressing nationalism

During the "Scramble for Africa," what was Europe seeking a source for?

A. a new location for the slave trade 

B. free labor for European factories

C. raw materials for industry D. safe harbors for their naval fleets 

In 1900, anti-foreign sentiment in China led to an uprising known as the?A. Nian Rebellion.B. Boxer Rebellion.C.Taiping Rebellion.D. Sepoy Rebellion.

The popular theory that Europeans were better than other nationalities was known as__________.

A. socialismB. UtopianismC. Social DarwinismD. All of the above 

What enabled Japan to become a colonial power after 1894? A. Agricultural advances B. Trade wars against the United States

C. IndustrializationD. The Japanese were forced to acquire colonies in Asia when European trade was banned.

How did the industrial revolution contribute to imperialism/A. Industrialized countries sought

new markets B. Industrialism created many

protectorates around the world C. Industrialized countries wanted

to build factories in Asia and Africa.

D. Non-western nations needed natural resources from Europe

Most westerners felt that their culture was

A. Equal to non-western cultures

B. Better than non-western cultures

C. Inferior to non-western cultures

D. Not to be compared to others

In the 1800s, empires in the Middle East , India, Africa, and China had A. Advanced technologically B. Stayed mostly the sameC. Grown weak and disorganized

D. Grown stronger

Christian missionary groups followed explorers to Africa in order to A. Convert Africans to Christianity

B. Gather slaves C. Study African culture D. Map out the course of rivers

What event began the European stampede for colonies in Africa ?A. The Boer war B. Belgian king Leopold II’s activities in the Congo

C. Henry Stanley's explorations of the Nile

D. Cecil Rhodes’ diamond and gold mining

Which country controlled much of northern and west-central Africa ?

A. Britain B. FranceC. Germany D. Belgium

Which of the following became Which of the following became the first major European import the first major European import into China?into China?

A.A. TeaTeaB.B. CottonCottonC.C. OpiumOpiumD.D. technology-based goods technology-based goods 

Rudyard Kipling's poem The Rudyard Kipling's poem The White Man's Burden was used by White Man's Burden was used by Europeans to justify ____Europeans to justify ____A.A. FeudalismFeudalismB.B. SocialismSocialismC.C. ImperialismImperialismD.D. NazismNazism

Ideas about evolution and "survival of the fittest" applied to human societies during the Imperialist expansion were known as A.A.Scientific Revolution Scientific Revolution B.B.Cultural RevolutionCultural RevolutionC.C.Social DarwinismSocial DarwinismD.D.Enlightenment ideas Enlightenment ideas 

Tension from being controlled by Tension from being controlled by Europe caused a number of Europe caused a number of rebellions in China, including therebellions in China, including the

A.A. Boxer RebellionBoxer RebellionB.B. Liang RebellionLiang RebellionC.C. Qing Rebellion Qing Rebellion D.D. Opium RebellionOpium Rebellion

Why did European colonists Why did European colonists believe they had the right to believe they had the right to colonize Africa?colonize Africa?

Europeans had more wealth and powerAfrica had no trade networksEuropeans had no coloniesAfricans did not resist.