E urope , pale , jaded, had po lled us,

Asia , o’

e rgilded, repe lled us,

Africa , dese rt aced, haunted us,

Thou, when infreshness ofmorning,called us

And wanted as,

H e ld us.

Over the ocean we came then ,

Wonde ring, hoping, adoring,Called the e our mother, kissing thyfe e t,K indling our love into flame , the n,Old loves and old worlds ignoring,

Making new bondage swe e t .

B less as today, 0Mother !

Hark , how the bells are chiming,How wind the horns , how cymbals clash ,And a chorus , in mighty volume timing,To tramping beat that never lags !Heavily booming the cannons flash ,And the air is filledwith the snapping flags !10

Where passed the grim Briton with ventu ring prow

in the cycles fle d ,

The city that stands like a fortress now ,

Turreted high by the edge of the water,America

'

s eldest , m agnificent daughter ,With garlands is twining her brow ,

For joy that her laughing heart remembersThree hundred red and gold Septembers .

To catch the glint of he r proudest glance ,To hear the heartening m usic of her drum ,

To see her banners flutter and advance ,Glad in the sunrise , let us come .

Not as came Hudson thro'

mists of the seaDipping and rolling his Dutch-bu ilt shipScanning the landfall with hungering eyesAnd close- clenched lip ,

By morning and noon ,Creeping past headland and sand- billoweddune ,

Wing-weary ghost of a phantom quest ,Steering athrill but where waters led West .

Not as when taking the sweep of the bay ,Sparkling agle arn in the brave Autumnweather,

Silent of m an in the new dawn aquiver,Anchored his lone ship lay .

Not as he sailed where the hills drawtogether,

Holding his course up the broad-breastedriver,

Only the dream of Beyond in his brain ,

Only the seas of Cathay to attain ,On till the narrowed stream told him

’

twasvain .

Then back as one baffled , undone,Unknowing he

'

d won by the gate of thesea

The throne of an empire of peoples to be .

Peace to his dream that found ghastly closeMid the sheeted wraiths of the Arctic snows !

1 2

Not as cam e Fulton ; even heCame brooding at the level of the sea .

Elect among the genius—brood of men ,Grandson of Ireland , son of the land ofPenn ,

Pale- browed , nursing a great work- daydream

Harnessing the racers of the deep tosteam .

Here first his Clerm ont tu rned her paddleblades ,

And so,our flag above his craft unfurled ,

He steamed beneath the Palisades ,The Father of all steam-fle e ts of the world .

Well may Manhattan glory in his fam e ,And on her highest roster carve his name,Ye t, not as came he , let us come .

No ; to the skies as on wingsLet us rise ,And come from the East with the faint red

Haven and harbor are carpets of trem blinggold ,

And the silver mist to the green hills clingsTill the mounting sun has the web withdrawn ,

And behold !The city lifts up to its height at last ,With frontage of hull and tunn e l and mastin the day

’

s full beam,

And over the sky- topping roofs in the blue ,Over the flags ofmany a hueAre waving white pennons of steam .

We know thee , Manhattan , proud queen ,And thy wonderful mural crown

,

With Liberty islanded there at thy knee,

Uplifting he r welcome to those who’

d befree,

And beckoning earth'

s trodden- down .

We know how the waters divideAnd unite for thy pride

,

And the lofty bridges of steel stretch hands1 4

To the bu rg on the height that standsFor thy wealth

'

s overflowWith the freighters creeping between ,And the slow , slanted sails slipping to andfro ,

As the giants of ocean steam in and go forth .

We trace thy slim island reach up to theNorth ,

lts streets in arrowy distance aloom ,

lts marts , its homes , its far- offtomb ;The pleasu re- greens dotting thy vesture ofwhite,

And tower and steeple like spears in thelight .

Lift thee,Manhattan , no peer to thy strength ,

Energy crystaled in turrets of stone ,Force chained to form thro

'

thy breadth andthy length ,

The bu ilders'

Gibraltar , the fortress of trade .

Might of the m art into monum ent fashioned ,

Mamm on translated to mountain man-made .

1 5

The clouds ever nigher and nigher ;And the clang of the anvil , the steam—shriek

impassionedSeem calling from girder and frontlet of steelUpward thrown ,

With the square—chiseled blocks ,As they build ever higher and higher,And then , for firm planting thy heel ,They delve ever deeper to heart of the rocks .

Deep in thy vitals the dynam os whirringAre feeding thy nerves that are wires ,Thy tunnels , thy veins ,Stretch out as the human tide swerves ,And thy hidden firesWith the breath of thy bosom stirring,Make life in the dark for thy lightning trains .

And out ofit all a new beauty arising ,The beauty of force ,Winning a triumph beyond thy devising ,Height-mad and power-glad ,

16

Pinnacled , domed , crenelated ,Masonry clambering course upon cou rseTo a glory of skyline serrated ,Lofty and meetFor the worship of all the waves laving thyfeet .

Mighty , ay, mighty Manhattan ,Grown , while Time counted but threearrow-flights ,

From bare strand and woodland and slow~

rising knollA handful of redman encam ped on thyheights

To the city of millions ;Of millions , too , ever the goal ,City whose riches are billions ,Whose might never fails ,Whom the nations from far off

salute ,And the voice of a contine nt hailsOn thy festival day !

While the cries of the multitude rollin praise of thy marble-hewn body majestic ,Sing to me, (b een , of thy sou l !

Sing of thy spirit , thy mind ,Remembering then ,The kernel and not the rind ,The heat, not the fires .We shall not judge thee by thy tallest spires ,But by the stature of thy men ;Not thy great wealth of bales and casks andgold ,

Normounting scales of what thou'

st boughtor sold

Shall here suffice ,But riches thine in virtues beyond priceNot all thy beau teous daughters costlygowned ,

But of thy women chastely wived andcrowned ;

Not all thy gold in public service spent ,But test of equal , hone st government ;

1 3

Not creeds or chu rches , tab em acle s , shrines ,But faith that lives and love that shinesNot courts and Judges mu ltiplied ,But Justice throned and glorified ;Thy reasons clear before the world avowed ,Not voice of easy conscience of the crowdNot by thy thousand colleges and schools ,But culture greater than their sums and rules ;Not by thy topmost reach of speech andsong ,

But by their lift to light and art that’

s longAnd from the mingling races in thy blood ,The wane of evil an d the growth of goodNot the high- seated but the u nde rtrod ;The brother- love of man for m an ,

Ideals , not am bitions , in the van ;Not thy lip-worship but the imm anence ofGod .

But we who'

d m ete thy steps upon theheights ,

And thy sou l-m essage ask

Know well the battles that thy day’

s workbrought .

No Greek Atlantis art thou , Plato'

sthought

Made sudden real ;No fair Utopia thou of mounts ideal ,Eased of thy bu rden and thy taskWith long surm ountings in the darknessfraught .

Swift thy foundations grew , b ut nights oftears

And days of dark foreboding marked thyyears .

Here freedom battled with the tyrant'

smight,

Here Washington— Immortal one— madefight

Here swung the prison ships , and here thejail

Whose gal lows freed the sou l of Nathan

The orange flag of Holland flewAbove thee for a space ,Then England

'

s red for decades ! CWFlushed crimson in thy face ,

Until our arm s set over theeThe flag none may displace ;That waving free shall cover theeWhile lasts the hum an raceThe flag that to the breeze we threwWhen skie s of hope were bare ,

its red our blood , the sky its blue ,lts stars our watchlights there .

Fu ll oft the ocean harvests at thy doorsShed sodden grain upon thy threshing

floors ,e sound

,sweet ears with wild tares

reached thee mixed ,Long—fix e d beliefs came hitherward

unfix e d .

Long- crushed desires that freedom bidsbloom ,

The yoke thrown off, for lawlessness m aderoom .

How could it other ! Shorn of lords andguides

They pressed atow'

rd thee over westeringtides .

From lands of Czars and Princes still theycome ,

Some young and lusty , open-brewed , andsome

Oppression- stunted , famine- driven , sad .

All praying thee forwelcom e fair and gladA niche , a shelter, honest toil and home,And these thou givest , Og een beside thefoam .

And stout their gratefu l millions stand onguard ,

Their brain and muscle working theereward

The solid Dutch , the level English strain ,The gifted French , our al lies tried and true,

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Constan t my soul on the hard pa th ofduty,

Striving to win to the le ve ls above ,Longingmy soul in the garde ns ofbeauty,

E ager my soul in the se rvice oflove ,Tende r my soul to the ange ls ofpity,

H umble my soul to the beare rs oflight,Fearless my soul at the gates ofthe city,

Stalwart my soulfor the u ltima te right .

Mighty my dreams ofa city impe rial,R adiant, fre e with an orde red law,

R ich, but with m ind-

gold beyond the

mate rial,P owe rful, me rciful, just withou tflaw,

Thrift-strong and gentle - voiced, rippling withlaughter,

Song~fi lled, and thrilled with the triumphs ofart,

P ove rty banished, and nowand he reafter,P eace in my bosom , joy in my heart.

B Y E L B E R T H U B B A R D

isTORY tells us that webelong to the Aryan Race ,and the Aryan Race had itsbeginnings on the uplandsof lndia . There men multiplied . The c onditions wereright— soil , sunshine, water .

But the food- supply did notkeep pace With the growth

of population . And besides , there grew upthe leisure class , which showed its powerby a conspicuous waste and a conspicuousleisure . This class is made up oftwo elements— the soldier and the priest . Both are parasites , and when they have their undisputedway , are tyrants .To find freedom and bread , m e n swarmed .

There were six principal migrations fromIndia

, as fol lows : the Egyptian , the Assyrio

Semitic,the Greco-Roman , the Teu tonic ,

the Celtic , the Norse .

Civilization had its rise in Egypt , where thecity of Memphis once ruled the world at

Memphis was the educational , the financial,

the artistic hub of the universe .

When Moses led the Children of Israel outof captivity , fifteen centuries before Christ

,

Memphis was already falling into decay .

Civilization had moved on , and youngerblood , that carried a redder hue , was in thesaddle . Babylon and Nineveh had siphonedthe best of Egyptian you th and genius .Note how Egypt grown old , senile , and satisfied with her own achievements could notafford Moses room to exercise his powers .He had to go out into the desert in order tofind space in which to breathe, and in whichto formulate a moral code having enough ofthe saving form aldehyde of commonsenseto make it last thirty-fiv e centuries and more .

(“Memphis lies buried beneath a hundredfeet ofdrifting san ds . The broken fragmentsof Babylon and Nineveh strew the plains .

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find Constantinople supreme , with Justinianand Theodora div iding the power of theworld between them .

Then were cast those four bronze horses ,

which now ornam ent the portals of SaintMark

'

s in V enice .The marauding Norse , those wolves of thesea, coveted the horses , so they took themby divine right . They also annex ed abou teverything else that was portable J Andbehold ! V enice , throned on her hundredisles , becom es m istress of the seas , the centerof art and light and education . Hers was thebadge of power, hers the pomp and circumstance ofwar .

But not forever. Spain is forging to the front,and the Moor and the Jew are com biningto construct the Alham bra J Read yourWashington lrving ! (IIWhen V enice built herGhetto she planted the germ s of decay.

Power moved on , and Granada was thecapital of the world .

3 2

ln that unfo rge tab le year, Fourteen HundredNinety- two , we find Colum b us , the Genoese ,writing to (lu e e n Isabella this letter whichis now in ou r possession : “Now that youhave succeeded in driving the Jews fromSpain , 1 make bold to call your attention tom y own petty affairs , etc .

Alas,the pretty compliment of Columbus ,

designed for the shel l- like ear of Isabella ,was true ! She had succeeded in driving theJews from Spain , and al ready Spain waswhere Memphis stood when the air got soful l of patchouli that Moses had to go .

lm agin e ,if you please , some satrap writing

a letter to Pharaoh congratulating him thus :Now that you have succeeded in drivingthe Jews from Egypt , etc .

ORQUEMADA made the gu ttersof Granada run ankle- deep with theblood of the Jews , and Hollandwelcomed the refugees .

And as Spain declined in power and prestige ,Holland grew great .The center of the world

'

s stage shifts now toAmsterdam . From Six teen Hundred fornearly a hundred years Holland was theSchoolmaster of the world . Hol land taughtEngland how to read and write , how toprint and bind books and how to paintpictures .ln Sixteen Hundred Nine, England was apioneer country , forging to the front in arude and crude way . She had the am bitionand the restless desire of you th . But Hollandhad the art , the education , the philosophyand the money .

ln portraiture Holland struck thirteen . The3 4

work done by Rem brandt , Rubens andFrans Hals stands supreme today , evenafter these three hundred years .Art is born of the surplus that business menaccumulate . The business men of Hollandwere favorable to the portrait—painter . Heimmortalized many of them on canvas , andthey live for us only because some greatartist painted their pictures .The Plantins of Antwerp and Amsterdam ,

the great bookmakers , were then gettingunder way .

In those days a printer was somebody .

Printers went into business in order toexpress their ideas . The very word

“com

positor carries the thought at The mancomposed his m ind and set up his thoughtsin type at the same time . Peter Plantin wasa printer . He was also a great geographer.He made a close and com plete m ap of theworld

,and wrote a book on the formation

of the earth .

The Plantin printshop is now the PlantinMuse e at Antwerp , the property of the State .In this most rare and curious old printeryyou will get the books and maps of PeterPlantin . And in one of these maps you willsee the coast- line of America . The countrywas very narrow according to this map ,which was made in Six teen Hundred Seven .

Piercing the land were inlets leading outinto great lakes or bays ; and just on theother side was the Pacific Ocean . The wholecountry was supposed then to be about likethe lsthm us ofPanama , where Balb oa stoodand looked over to the Pacific . And acrossthe Pacific , at a distance of less than halfthe way across the Atlantic, was lndialndia , the land of silks and teas— lndia , theland of gold and spices , of gems and

’

broideries at at

To reach this land of wealth withou t goingaround the Southern point of Africa wasthe problem .

36

Columbus had discovered land , but hadfailed in his attempt to find the passage toln dia ,

and had died in chains . AmerigoV espucci had discovered the continent , buthad been unable to pierce it with his ships .The Cabots said that if they had had a fewdays they could have traversed the woods andstood upon what we call the AlleghanyMountains and looked down on the peacefulPacific beyond J The lndians had toldthem they could do this . But three difficul~

ties lay in the way of getting valuable information from the lndians— one was that thelndian s did not know , the second was thatthey did not care , and the third was that thewhite m an could not understand them , anyway J 3

But that the Pacific was just over there ,as the lndians affirmed , was the belief of thePlantins , and of the thinking men of theworld at at

England,young and lusty, was reaching out

3 7

for this get- rich- qu ick route to China andindia at at

Holland knew that if England found theroute she would claim it by right of discovery , and might block it against the world .

England had just wrecked the SpanishArmada , and her nose was in the air .

Holland had the art and she had the books ,b ut she had traded brawn for brain , so shelacked the blood that makes an explorer .What then ! Why, hire some steeple- jack ofthe sea to find this quick route .

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over there , they had in mind the GreatLakes J J

What' w

m ore natural than to suppose thatthese lakes had an outlet on theWEEE

‘

é -

"

n

side into the Pacific ! lndians did not travelfar, and they were not interested 1n lndia .

The name “ Indian was given them by aworthy explorer who thought that he haddiscovered lndia .

Several ofthe rich merchants of Amsterdamm ade up a pu rse, and sent a m an over toLondon to hire this man Henry Hudson ,who had no fear of the unknown .

They found him living in a boathouse onthe Thames . He was poor in purse, andwithout a talent for getting on , but he wasfull ofthe enthusiasm ofdiscovery .

Out in the Rocky Mountains one can findthe typical prospector, who prospects all hislife and dies at last alone in the mountains .He is brave, hopeful , restless, but failureis his fate . it becomes the habit of his life .

4 0

Hudson was living with his wife and threechildren in what would have been absolutewant were it not for the kind hearts of theship- captains whose boats were anchorednear .

These men who skirted the coast were sensible and sane . They sailed only the seasthat were mapped , and always were in sightof land .

Hudson craved the unknown . The othersrespected him — yes , but they touched theirforeheads with the tip of a forefinger as hepassed .

Hudson had lost money for everybody whohad trusted him . Only a year before this ,those merry knights who founded Jamestown had asked him to join them , butHudson had scorned their invitation .

His wife believed in him , because she partook of his delusions , as loving women areprone to do .

Hudson was no longer young . His red beard4 1

was streaked with white, his ruddy face was

seamed with lines of care , his blue eyes hadlost a little of their luster looking out on thesnow and ice of the North .

Hewas the typical stubborn , freckled , sandyEnglishm an who never knows when he iswhipped .

The English blood carries a mighty persistent corpuscle .

The modern British breed is made up of across between the Sax on and the Norse,with a dash of the Celt to give it a flavor .

(“All the English names beginning with theletter “H have come down from the Norse,or the Danish , which for us is the samething . The name of William the Conquerorwas Hubba , and among his followers weremen who bore the following names : Hume,Howells , Howard , Harkness , Hildebrand ,Hood , Holman , Hughson , Harding , Holmes ,Hudson , Herbert , Henderson , Henry , Hubbard . The ending -bert

"

is a Saxon ending ;4 2

but the initial H is Norse . lt was the introduction of this letter H that threw theEnglish tongue in the air, and the sons of'

aughty H alb ion'

ave n'

t yet got it straightened out , you know .

Names beginning with E, like Ellison ,Eldridge , Ellsworth , Elbert , Elb e rta ,Ethe lre d ,

Ethelbert , Ethelstan , Ensign , Ernest, areSaxon J J

Hudson seemed to be the surviving spirit ofthose wolves of the sea , who discoveredAmerica about the year One Thousand , andbuilt a monument or two along the coast ofRhode lsland and then sailed away on adve ntures new .

They knew that if they remained they wouldhave to pay taxes to the lrish, and so theymoved on .

The Hol landers liked Hudson , and as hewas out of a job , waiting for something totu rn up , he hired out to the Du tch . Thisagent was acting for the Dutch East lndia

4 3

Company , a trust made up of six separatecompanies , one in each city , as followsAmsterdam , Z eeland , Delft, Rotterdam ,

Hoorn and Enkhuizen .

An agreement was drawn up and signed .

Hudson’

s wife was to be given eight hundred guilders at once, and ifher husbanddid not return in a year she was to get twohundred more .

Beyond this , Hudson got nothing but hisexpenses . A guilder was what to us wouldbe forty cents ; so we see that the priceHudson set upon his own life was eightydollars . This was the sum ofhis life- insurance .

fillf he found the passage , however— ah ,now we are getting at it— ifhe found the

passage, it was to be named for him , and hewas to be the first governor of the territory .

(JlSo Hudson bade his little family a stolid ,sailor good- by, and went over to Holland atonce to receive his instructions , the syndictaking close care that his m an did not escape .

4 4

‘JlAt Amsterdam he met Peter Plantin , thegeographer , and a committee of merchants .(J!Hudson knew all they knew , and his hopewas high that there was a passage throughto the Pacific somewhere between latitudethirty- eight and fifty degrees . Captain JohnSmith had been told of this passage by theindians , and the assurance that the sea was

just over there was strong in all hearts .He was also very sure that there was a wayto go clear around America to the North , buthe agreed with the Plantins that the voyagewould always be dangerous on account ofthe cold and ice .

LITTLE ship , the H a lf-Moon , wasset aside for Hudson . The craftsuited him . lt was staunch andstrong , and could ride the waves

like a cockleshell .She drew only a few feet of water , andthis was well , for sandbars were to becounted on in m aking “ that passage .There were eighteen men in the crew— nineDutchmen and nine Englishmen . Hudsonstood out for all Englishmen , claiming hemust have men who could speak his tongue .

A two- day argument followed , and a compromise was effected .

Ou April Fou rth , Six teen Hundred Nine, theHalf-Moon hoisted sail and slipped slowlydown the Z uyde r Z e e .

The news had gone out and half of thepopulation of Amsterdam congregated alongthe wharves .

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that had forgotten how to set was on theirnerves J J

The Captain parleyed with them , and set anhour the following day to talk it over. Thenext day the weather changed for the better,and the spirits of the m e n rose . Hudsonordered a double ration of grog for all hands,got out his maps and at great length toldthem of Captain John Smith

’

s idea concerning the short inland passage that lay at aboutforty degrees .They consented to sail South , b ut they m ustget away from the icebergs and the terribleland where the sun never went down , butremained a blood- red ball in the heavens .Hudson started a song and all joined in asthe prow of the Half-Moon was headedSou th J J

Six ty- four days they sai led and sailed , whenthe wooded shores of America came in sight .They entered a fine harbor,

"

which is nowbelieved to be Casco Bay on the coast of

4 8

Maine . Here they replaced their mainmas t,which had snapped off short in a gale . Sofar as we know , this was the first attem ptto utiliz e the spruce pine of New Englandfor the uses of civilized man .

This beautiful bay was tempting . They putout two small boats and skirted it carefullyfor signs of an inlet . They killed a deer ,which was the first fresh meat they had hadexcept fish .

After a week’

s rest , they again put out to seaand skirted the coast slowly down to CapeCod . A map was made , which reveals thecoast- line fairly well ; but in some way BostonHarbor was missed , perhaps because the

gilded dome of the State House was notthere to welcom e them . They sailed pastSan dy Hook , giving only a casual look atthe inlet .The Half-Moon reached Delaware Bay andentered , b ut the signs of an inlet were nowpropitious , and Hudson decided he would

4 9

go North and examine the coast with greatercare . On the morning of September Second ,Sixteen Hundred Nine , he dropped anchorin what we now call the Horseshoe of SandyHook . From here he put out with a smallboat and three sailors .The log reports : Found a good entrancebetween two headlands .

"

A drawing is thengiven , which beyond a doubt is

“TheNarrows .Hudson was at home on the open sea , buthere he moved with great cau tion . He fearedrunning his ship upon the sands or rocks ,and so we find him going ahead in a smallboat with the Half-Moon trailing along slowlyas he swings his hat and signals her .

He passed Staten lsland . Next he reachedManhattan J Here he put ashore on theshelving beach . He drew the boat up , andplanted the flag of the Netherlands on aboutwhat is now Twenty-six Broadway .

Then he moved on up the river to a point5 0

where hills are straight and the watersdeep .

"

at This was , beyond doubt , thePalisades J at

Beyond , the river widened and ahead werethe clear, open , placid waters . They cam e tothe Catskills , and two men were sent ashore“ to clim b the highest hill and the highesttree they could find , and look for the PacificOcean .

The m e n were gone overnight , b ut cameback reporting only mountains and woodsbeyond . The Pacific Ocean discovered byBalboa twenty years before was not in sight .‘JIBillNye once told us that Hendrik Hudsonhad nearly reached Albany before he m adethe startling discovery that the river uponwhich he was sailing bore the sam e nam eas himself .This was a lapse on the part of Bill . Thefact is , Hudson knew the name of the riververy soon after passing the toe of Manhat

tan'

s lsle , for he had written in plain letters5 1

on the map as he sailed , Hudson'

s R iver .

glide felt sure he had found the long- lookedfor passage to the Pacific , and rememberingthe promise given by his employers thatthe passage should bear his name , he wroteit down .

He reached the present site of Albany andrem ained a week in the vicinity, carefu llyexploring the banks of the river for an inlet .Then he sorrowfully turned the prow of theHalf-Moon to the South .

John Smith was wrong ; the indians werewrong ; Henry Hudson was wrong— thevoyage was a failu re .Already signs of Autumn were in the air ,

and the leaves were turning to gold . It wouldnot do to try to winter here— the Half-Moonmust sail back to Amsterdam and franklyreport failure .

On the way down the river there were manyindians to be seen along the banks . The newsof the strange ship had evidently gone out,

5 2

and the copper- colored natives were morethan cu rious .Here was the first ship to stretch her sailson this mighty river that had existed herefor ten thousand years or more .

Hudson drew in to the shore near the presentsite of Poughkeepsie , and after much signaling and beckoning the ludians came nearenough to be spoken to . But alas ! they spokeneither “Anglaise, Dutch nor French . Hudson made the universal sign of hunger, andthis was responded to at once , which givesthe lie to that popular saying that the onlygood lndian is a dead In dian .

The squaws brought parched corn , driedvenison , beans , pumpkins and wild grapes .

They also brought oysters , and speckledfish

,not of a salt- sea kind . These were

doubtless brook- trou t .Next

,they cooked a dog in honor of the

great White Chief .in return , Hudson and his men gave the

5 3

lndians knives , beads and strips of coloredcloth J at

There was much attempt at talk and bothsides made long orations

,but to sma ll pur

pose , since the interpreter was not yet .What Hudson was working for was to getthe confidence of the lndians so they wouldgive a clue to the passage to the Pacific .Hudson reports that the lndians had noaqua V itae , nor spiritus frumenti .

"

Wh

d soon‘ were very m e rn e and next m ad.

fl] Evidently Hudson’

s men had imbibed,too , for two of his sailors lured a s! uaw intoa small boat and were about to fetch heraboard the Half—Moon . Hudson saw thecommotion among the lndians and headed offhis reckless sailors . He broke an oar overthe head of one John Coleman before hecould get the wom an safely back to land .

As reparation for her injured feelings , Hudson presented her his official red coat with

5 4

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West and made fast time homeward . Shedropped anchor in the harb or of Dartmouth ,England , on November Seventh . Hudsonm ade haste to go to London to see his family, before he went to Holland to report tohis employers .

HE following Decem ber, we findHudson again fu ll of hope and surethat

“at a point about sixty degrees

North of the coas t of the NWorld the passage to lndia will be foundperadventu re of a doubt .

"

It was a gamble— the Dutch vs . Fate . Theodds were big . I f the passage were founduntold fortunes awaited .

Another ship was fitted out at greater cost .She was called the Discov e rie

"

an d“ her

double plankings were m ade so to withstandthe stronge st crush of ice .

"

She carried acrew of twenty-nine men .

On April Seventeenth , Sixteen Hundred Ten ,she sailed away . She reached that marvelousbody of water known to us as Hudson

’

sBar ! at

Inland they sailed for a thousand m ile s .H e re

was salt water all the time ; while the puny5 7

little Hudson R iver ran fresh water a day'

s

Hendrik Hudson was now so sure he hadfound the prized passage to lndia that herefused to sail for home when the first nipping frosts arrived .

(The crew went intoWinter quarters , and the“ship by December was fast frozen in the ice.

i a‘

r‘

ne'

was plentiful , but the sailors wereafraid to venture far inland ; for fear ofsire ns whose songs could be plainly heard ,and goblins that flitted everywhere over theice .

The dark , cold Winter dragged its long, slowlength past .The ice at last began to melt an d move J r

By May the ship was free . Several ofthecrew

'

we re sick our were deadHudsonhad been 3

spirits rose and he grew better. Nothing isso hygienic as hope . He determined to presson Westward and explore every inlet until

5 8

he found the one Opening out upon thePacific Ocean .

H i s

’

crew demurred— one m ore Winter and! all would be dead . They m ust retu rn atonce , for it was doubtful if they could now

even find the passage out to the Atlantic,much less to the Pacific . Hudson attem ptedto use his authority .

He was disam d an‘

dfl

de clared insane .H e was given the privilege of being putafloat In a boat , or of sailing for hom e . Hechose the open boat . And he and his sonJohn , aged six teen , and seven companions,were sent adri ft with guns , amm unition

!and provisions to last a month .

The Discove rie sailed , and left the inv inciblem aster on that trackless inland sea, skirtedby a country seemingly desolate and uninhabited .

The Discov e rie arrived at Am sterdam in

October, and the m u tineers told their tale .

(11They were arrested , tried , convicted— and5 9

pardoned .11]They m ade it appe ar '

that theydesired only to save the ship and report tothe owners . Their frankness saved their lives .1] The Discov e rie cou ld have been sent backafter Hudson , but there was no one to serveas captain , and Hendrik Hudson was left tohis fate . The mutineers brought back a mapof “Hudson

’

s Bay Traced across the mapin bold letters was the name of the dauntless discoverer .What was the fate of Hudson , his son , andthe loyal seven who stood by him !No one knows— not a sign ever came fromthem in any way .

H is little craft may have foundered and allbeen drowned before making land , on thesame day the Discove rie sailed .

It may be they survived for another Winter,and then died of cold , starvation and disease .

They may have been murdered by lndiansor fallen in with a tribe , been kindly welcomed , se ttled down to make the bes t of a

60

bad situation , and grown old , babbling totheir neighbors of strange sights and scenesknown years and years before across atrackless waste of waters to the East .No vesse ls sailed by white m e n came thatway for thirty years .Holland gave up the ! u est , and the lives ofnine m e n are m atters too small to disturb anation

,especially if the men be foreigners .

(llAnd as for England , she had never m issedher Henry Hudson— only his wife and children mourned . And their grief did not reallycount in a world where woe is common andwomen

’

s tears are nothing strange . Womenare born to weep .

But the keen Dutch traders rem emberedHudson

's R iver and Manhattan lsle , and sowhere Hudson had planted the Netherlands

'

flag they founded a city .

And they called it New Am sterdam .

Henry Hudson sought for one thing . Hefound another . It is ever so . And the tide of

6 1

wealth and power ebbed from Amsterdamto London . (“Then from London to NewAmsterdam , which we now call New York .

And behold NewYork as the financial centerof the world , with her storiedWall Street onthe very site of the shelving beach where trodthe feet of Henry Hudson ! ! And the tide ofEmpire still surges toward the setting sun ,with New York as the great central gatewayto America , the land of Prom ise ! at DidHenry Hudson live and die in vain !History says , No !And the morning sun smiting the Palisades ,and gilding them with his glory, says , No !

QIAnd a great and wondrous city of nearlyfour million people, a powerful , restless andunfolding city , imm ense in her possibilities ,where nothing is , b utall things are becoming,pays her loyal , loving t ribute to He nryHudson , and declares that out of his failuresprang success and his memory shall not beas that of one whose name is writ in water.

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