Where in the World to Locate 2013

8/13/2019 Where in the World to Locate 2013

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Objectives:

To identify factors in national advantage

Which nations are the best for business?

To consider factors in international strategy formulation

How do senior managers decide which nation to expand to?

Market entry considerations

Porter, M. (1990) Competitive Advantage of Nations, MacmillanEllis, J. & Williams D. (1995) International Business Strategy, Pitman


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http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-15573991#tooltip19 04nov2011
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-15573991http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-15573991http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-15573991http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-15573991


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Factor conditionsskills, resources

technological base

infrastructure

Demand

conditions

Firm strategy,

structure &

rivalry

Related &

supporting industries

Chance

Govt

policies

Porter M.E. (1990)

Competitive Advantage of Nations,MacMillan

Porters Diamond

The Determinants of National Advantage


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International research data sources - 2013

Robert Jones 2011, 2012 & 2013


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http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdf
http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdf


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http://www.weforum.org/issues/global-competitiveness

WEF Global Competitiveness
http://www.weforum.org/issues/global-competitivenesshttp://www.weforum.org/issues/global-competitivenesshttp://www.weforum.org/issues/global-competitivenesshttp://www.weforum.org/issues/global-competitiveness


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144 nations
http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdf


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Which are the most competitive nations?


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http://www3

.weforum.org/docs/WEF_

Globa

lCompetitiv

enessRepo

rt_

2012-13.p

df
http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdfhttp://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdf


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The BRICs


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The BRICs


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48

67

59

29

WEFGCR

rank

The BRICs


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Example: competitive ranking of Canada


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Example: competitive ranking of Canada


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Page 25


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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kzn9-M2umFQ
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kzn9-M2umFQhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kzn9-M2umFQhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kzn9-M2umFQhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kzn9-M2umFQ


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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c7Pvi11RPx0


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http://www.doingbusiness.org/~/

media/GIAWB/Doing%20Busines

s/Documents/Annual-

Reports/English/DB14-Full-

Report.pdf

189 nations compared

Doing Business 2014
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c7Pvi11RPx0http://www.doingbusiness.org/~/media/GIAWB/Doing%20Business/Documents/Annual-Reports/English/DB14-Full-Report.pdfhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c7Pvi11RPx0http://www.doingbusiness.org/~/media/GIAWB/Doing%20Business/Documents/Annual-Reports/English/DB14-Full-Report.pdfhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c7Pvi11RPx0http://www.doingbusiness.org/~/media/GIAWB/Doing%20Business/Documents/Annual-Reports/English/DB14-Full-Report.pdfhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c7Pvi11RPx0http://www.doingbusiness.org/~/media/GIAWB/Doing%20Business/Documents/Annual-Reports/English/DB14-Full-Report.pdfhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c7Pvi11RPx0http://www.doingbusiness.org/~/media/GIAWB/Doing%20Business/Documents/Annual-Reports/English/DB14-Full-Report.pdfhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c7Pvi11RPx0http://www.doingbusiness.org/~/media/GIAWB/Doing%20Business/Documents/Annual-Reports/English/DB14-Full-Report.pdfhttp://www.doingbusiness.org/~/media/GIAWB/Doing%20Business/Documents/Annual-Reports/English/DB14-Full-Report.pdfhttp://www.doingbusiness.org/~/media/GIAWB/Doing%20Business/Documents/Annual-Reports/English/DB14-Full-Report.pdfhttp://www.doingbusiness.org/~/media/GIAWB/Doing%20Business/Documents/Annual-Reports/English/DB14-Full-Report.pdfhttp://www.doingbusiness.org/~/media/GIAWB/Doing%20Business/Documents/Annual-Reports/English/DB14-Full-Report.pdfhttp://www.doingbusiness.org/~/media/GIAWB/Doing%20Business/Documents/Annual-Reports/English/DB14-Full-Report.pdfhttp://www.doingbusiness.org/~/media/GIAWB/Doing%20Business/Documents/Annual-Reports/English/DB14-Full-Report.pdfhttp://www.doingbusiness.org/~/media/GIAWB/Doing%20Business/Documents/Annual-Reports/English/DB14-Full-Report.pdfhttp://www.doingbusiness.org/~/media/GIAWB/Doing%20Business/Documents/Annual-Reports/English/DB14-Full-Report.pdf


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Doing Business 2014

http://www.doingbusiness.org/~/media/

GIAWB/Doing%20Business/Document

s/Annual-Reports/English/DB14-Full-Report.pdf

Th BRIC
http://www.doingbusiness.org/~/media/GIAWB/Doing%20Business/Documents/Annual-Reports/English/DB14-Full-Report.pdfhttp://www.doingbusiness.org/~/media/GIAWB/Doing%20Business/Documents/Annual-Reports/English/DB14-Full-Report.pdfhttp://www.doingbusiness.org/~/media/GIAWB/Doing%20Business/Documents/Annual-Reports/English/DB14-Full-Report.pdfhttp://www.doingbusiness.org/~/media/GIAWB/Doing%20Business/Documents/Annual-Reports/English/DB14-Full-Report.pdfhttp://www.doingbusiness.org/~/media/GIAWB/Doing%20Business/Documents/Annual-Reports/English/DB14-Full-Report.pdfhttp://www.doingbusiness.org/~/media/GIAWB/Doing%20Business/Documents/Annual-Reports/English/DB14-Full-Report.pdfhttp://www.doingbusiness.org/~/media/GIAWB/Doing%20Business/Documents/Annual-Reports/English/DB14-Full-Report.pdfhttp://www.doingbusiness.org/~/media/GIAWB/Doing%20Business/Documents/Annual-Reports/English/DB14-Full-Report.pdfhttp://www.doingbusiness.org/~/media/GIAWB/Doing%20Business/Documents/Annual-Reports/English/DB14-Full-Report.pdfhttp://www.doingbusiness.org/~/media/GIAWB/Doing%20Business/Documents/Annual-Reports/English/DB14-Full-Report.pdfhttp://www.doingbusiness.org/~/media/GIAWB/Doing%20Business/Documents/Annual-Reports/English/DB14-Full-Report.pdfhttp://www.doingbusiness.org/~/media/GIAWB/Doing%20Business/Documents/Annual-Reports/English/DB14-Full-Report.pdfhttp://www.doingbusiness.org/~/media/GIAWB/Doing%20Business/Documents/Annual-Reports/English/DB14-Full-Report.pdf


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116

92

134

96

DoingBusiness

rank

The BRICs


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Doing Business 2011


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Doing Business 2014


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PwC EM20 Index: 2009 Interim Update

http://www.pwc.co.uk/eng/publications/0309_em20_podcast.html

Emerging Markets - Balancing Risk & Reward

The PricewaterhouseCoopers EM20 Index

2009 Interim Update


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PwC EM20 Index: 2009 Interim Update

http://www.pwc.co.uk/eng/publications/0309_em20_podcast.html


The PricewaterhouseCoopers EM20 Index

2009 Interim Update


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http://www.internationalbusinessreport.com

/files/global%20economy%20in%202013%

20-%20final.pdf
http://www.internationalbusinessreport.com/files/global%20economy%20in%202013%20-%20final.pdfhttp://www.internationalbusinessreport.com/files/global%20economy%20in%202013%20-%20final.pdfhttp://www.internationalbusinessreport.com/files/global%20economy%20in%202013%20-%20final.pdfhttp://www.internationalbusinessreport.com/files/global%20economy%20in%202013%20-%20final.pdfhttp://www.internationalbusinessreport.com/files/global%20economy%20in%202013%20-%20final.pdfhttp://www.internationalbusinessreport.com/files/global%20economy%20in%202013%20-%20final.pdfhttp://www.internationalbusinessreport.com/files/global%20economy%20in%202013%20-%20final.pdfhttp://www.internationalbusinessreport.com/files/global%20economy%20in%202013%20-%20final.pdf


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http://www.internationalbusinessreport.com/
http://www.internationalbusinessreport.com/http://www.internationalbusinessreport.com/


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Tax

Who pays the most tax?

Where is the best place to do business?


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http://www.pwc.com/gx/en/paying-taxes/assets/pwc-paying-taxes-

2013-full-report.pdf
http://www.pwc.com/gx/en/paying-taxes/assets/pwc-paying-taxes-2013-full-report.pdfhttp://www.pwc.com/gx/en/paying-taxes/assets/pwc-paying-taxes-2013-full-report.pdfhttp://www.pwc.com/gx/en/paying-taxes/assets/pwc-paying-taxes-2013-full-report.pdfhttp://www.pwc.com/gx/en/paying-taxes/assets/pwc-paying-taxes-2013-full-report.pdfhttp://www.pwc.com/gx/en/paying-taxes/assets/pwc-paying-taxes-2013-full-report.pdfhttp://www.pwc.com/gx/en/paying-taxes/assets/pwc-paying-taxes-2013-full-report.pdfhttp://www.pwc.com/gx/en/paying-taxes/assets/pwc-paying-taxes-2013-full-report.pdfhttp://www.pwc.com/gx/en/paying-taxes/assets/pwc-paying-taxes-2013-full-report.pdfhttp://www.pwc.com/gx/en/paying-taxes/assets/pwc-paying-taxes-2013-full-report.pdfhttp://www.pwc.com/gx/en/paying-taxes/assets/pwc-paying-taxes-2013-full-report.pdfhttp://www.pwc.com/gx/en/paying-taxes/assets/pwc-paying-taxes-2013-full-report.pdfhttp://www.pwc.com/gx/en/paying-taxes/assets/pwc-paying-taxes-2013-full-report.pdfhttp://www.pwc.com/gx/en/paying-taxes/assets/pwc-paying-taxes-2013-full-report.pdfhttp://www.pwc.com/gx/en/paying-taxes/assets/pwc-paying-taxes-2013-full-report.pdfhttp://www.pwc.com/gx/en/paying-taxes/assets/pwc-paying-taxes-2013-full-report.pdfhttp://www.pwc.com/gx/en/paying-taxes/assets/pwc-paying-taxes-2013-full-report.pdf


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http://www.doingbusiness.org/~/media/GIAWB/Doing%20Business/Documents/Special-Reports/Paying-Taxes-2014.pdf

Total tax rate
http://www.doingbusiness.org/~/media/GIAWB/Doing%20Business/Documents/Special-Reports/Paying-Taxes-2014.pdfhttp://www.doingbusiness.org/~/media/GIAWB/Doing%20Business/Documents/Special-Reports/Paying-Taxes-2014.pdfhttp://www.doingbusiness.org/~/media/GIAWB/Doing%20Business/Documents/Special-Reports/Paying-Taxes-2014.pdfhttp://www.doingbusiness.org/~/media/GIAWB/Doing%20Business/Documents/Special-Reports/Paying-Taxes-2014.pdfhttp://www.doingbusiness.org/~/media/GIAWB/Doing%20Business/Documents/Special-Reports/Paying-Taxes-2014.pdfhttp://www.doingbusiness.org/~/media/GIAWB/Doing%20Business/Documents/Special-Reports/Paying-Taxes-2014.pdfhttp://www.doingbusiness.org/~/media/GIAWB/Doing%20Business/Documents/Special-Reports/Paying-Taxes-2014.pdfhttp://www.doingbusiness.org/~/media/GIAWB/Doing%20Business/Documents/Special-Reports/Paying-Taxes-2014.pdfhttp://www.doingbusiness.org/~/media/GIAWB/Doing%20Business/Documents/Special-Reports/Paying-Taxes-2014.pdf


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Time to comply


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http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/9/23/48193734.pdf

OECD 50TH ANNIVERSARY

CHALLENGES IN DESIGNING COMPETITIVE TAX SYSTEMS

Paris, 30 June 2011

Tax Reform Trends in OECD Countries
http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/9/23/48193734.pdfhttp://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/9/23/48193734.pdf


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The Forbes Tax Misery Index Overall Tax

Burdenhttp://www.forbes.com/global/2009/0413/03

4-tax-misery-reform-index.html


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Objectives:

To identify factors in national advantage

Which nations are the best for business?

To consider factors in international strategy formulation

How do senior managers decide which nation to expand to?

Market entry considerations

Porter, M. (1990) Competitive Advantage of Nations, MacmillanEllis, J. & Williams D. (1995) International Business Strategy, Pitman

Market Entry Mode grid


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Market Entry Mode gridAdapted from:- Ellis, J. & Williams D. (1995) International Business Strategy, Pitman

Market entry Entry to nation A Entry to nation B Entry to nation C

Key factorstake carewhether positive or negative

Weight1-10[1]

Value1-5[2]

Weighted

score[1]x[2]

Value 1-5[3]

Weighted

score[1]x[3]

Value 1-5[4]

Weighted

score[1]x[4]

Opportunities available

Skills availability

Resource availability

Degree of control reqd

Investment required

Level of risk Political

Level of risk Economic

Level of risk Social

Level of risk Tech

Speed to implement

Expected return

Total weighted score

Rank order


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MacroenvironmentPESTEL

Exhibit 2.2

Political

Government stability

Taxation policy Foreign trade

regulations

Social welfare

policies

Economic

Business cycles

GNP trends Interest rates

Money supply

Inflation Unemployment

Disposable income


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Exhibit 2.2

Sociocultural

Populationdemographics

Income distribution Social mobility

Lifestyle changes

Attitudes to work andleisure

Consumerism

Levels of education

Technological

Government spending onresearch

Government and industryfocus on technologicaleffort

New discoveries/developments

Speed of technologytransfer

Rates of obsolescence


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Exhibit 2.2

Environmental Environmental

protection laws

Waste disposal Energy consumption

Legal Competition law

Employment law

Health and safety Product safety

Key Aspects of PESTEL


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Key Aspects of PESTEL

Analysis

Not just a listof influences

Need to understand key drivers of change

Drivers of change have differential impacton industries, markets, and organisations

Focus is on future impactof environmental

factors Combined effectof some of the factors

likely to be most important


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Control Risks

RiskMap 2011

RiskMap 2011 provides a critical assessment of global, regional

political, security and business issues that will prove a challengein 2011 and beyond

http://www.control-risks.com/pdf/Control_Risks_RiskMap2011.pdf (04nov2011)
http://www.control-risks.com/pdf/Control_Risks_RiskMap2011.pdfhttp://www.control-risks.com/pdf/Control_Risks_RiskMap2011.pdfhttp://www.control-risks.com/pdf/Control_Risks_RiskMap2011.pdfhttp://www.control-risks.com/pdf/Control_Risks_RiskMap2011.pdf


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(1990) C f


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http://www.internationalbusinessreport.com/files/global%20economy%20in%202013%20-%20final.pdf

Grant Thornton IBR2013 International Business Report

World Economic Forum WEF

The Global Competitiveness Report 2012-2013http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdf

World Bank Doing Business 2014http://www.doingbusiness.org/~/media/GIAWB/Doing%20Business/Documents/

Annual-Reports/English/DB14-Full-Report.pdf

Control Risks http://www.control-risks.com/pdf/Control_Risks_RiskMap2011.pdf


The PricewaterhouseCoopers EM20Index 2009 Interim Updatehttp://www.pwc.co.uk/eng/publications/0309_em20_podcast.html

Paying Taxes 2014the Global Picture

http://www pwc com/gx/en/paying taxes/assets/pwc paying taxes 2013 full report

Porter, M. (1990) Competitive Advantage of Nations, Macmillan

Ellis, J. & Williams D. (1995) International Business Strategy, Pitman
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Where in the World to Locate 2013

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