When In Disgrace William Shakespeare
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Transcript of When In Disgrace William Shakespeare
SONNET XXIX
“When, in disgrace with fortune…”
Revision of the Sonnet FormRevision of the Sonnet FormSHAKESPEARE IN
ENGLANDPETRARCH IN ITALY
Both use 14 lines
SHAKESPEAREAN PETRACHAN
123456789
1011121314
QUATRAIN 1
2
3
RHYMING COUPLET
OCTAVE
SESTET
“VOLTA”
TURNING POINT
QUAD = 4QUARTERQUARTET
QUAD
OCT = 8OCTOPUS
SES = 6
RhythmRhythmA sonnet is written in iambic pentameter
Each line contains ten rhythmic beats (syllables)
“Let me not to the marriage of true minds”
An “iamb” or one “foot” consists of two beats
“Penta” = five: each line has five feet
RhythmRhythmA sonnet is written in iambic pentameter
“Let me not to the mar riage of true minds”
Each foot consists of an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable – this produced the characteristic rhythm of the line
U U U U U/ / / / /
Rhyme SchemeRhyme SchemeShakespearean SonnetShakespearean Sonnet
Since brass, nor stone, nor earth, nor boundless sea,But sad mortality o'er-sways their power,How with this rage shall beauty hold a plea,Whose action is no stronger than a flower?O, how shall summer's honey breath hold outAgainst the wreckful siege of battering days,When rocks impregnable are not so stout,Nor gates of steel so strong, but Time decays?O fearful meditation! where, alack,Shall Time's best jewel from Time's chest lie hid?Or what strong hand can hold his swift foot back?Or who his spoil of beauty can forbid?O, none, unless this miracle have might,That in black ink my love may still shine bright.
ABABCDCDEFEFGG
Rhyme SchemeRhyme SchemePetrarchan SonnetPetrarchan Sonnet
Fourteen small broidered berries on the hemOf Circe’s mantle, each of magic gold;Fourteen of lone Calypso’s tears that rolledInto the sea, for pearls to come of them;Fourteen clear signs of omen in the gemWith which Medea human fate foretold;Fourteen small drops, which Faustus, growing old,Craved of the Fiend, to water Life’s dry stem.It is the pure white diamond Dante broughtTo Beatrice; the sapphire Laura woreWhen Petrarch cut it sparkling out of thought;The ruby Shakespeare hewed from his heart’s core;The dark, deep emerald that Rossetti wroughtFor his own soul, to wear for evermore.
ABBAABBACDCDCD
XXIX.
When, in disgrace with fortune and men's eyes,I all alone beweep my outcast stateAnd trouble deaf heaven with my bootless criesAnd look upon myself and curse my fate,Wishing me like to one more rich in hope,Featured like him, like him with friends possess'd,Desiring this man's art and that man's scope,With what I most enjoy contented least;Yet in these thoughts myself almost despising,Haply I think on thee, and then my state,Like to the lark at break of day arisingFrom sullen earth, sings hymns at heaven's gate; For thy sweet love remember'd such wealth brings That then I scorn to change my state with kings.
When, in disgrace with fortune and men's eyes,
I all alone beweep my outcast state
And trouble deaf heaven with my bootless cries
And look upon myself and curse my fate,
Out of favour with fate/chance/destiny
Bringing no advantage…
Useless
TONE?TONE?
PERSONIFICATIONRelationship with God?
OUTCAST: lonesome figure in relation to himself, society, fate and God
Social standing and opinion
Popularity and Reputation
PERSONIFICATIONOF FORTUNE
FEELINGS OF ISOLATION, DEPRESSION, REJECTION
AND LONELINESS – SOCIAL, SPIRITUAL AND
EMOTIONAL
Depressed
Self-pity
Self-loathing
Self-rejection
Despondent
When, in disgrace with fortune and men's eyes,
I all alone beweep my outcast state
And trouble deaf heaven with my bootless cries
And look upon myself and curse my fate,
Searching for an explanation of his emotional state
Notice all the words suggesting negativity
Wishing me like to one more rich in hope,
Featured like him, like him with friends possess'd,
Desiring this man's art and that man's scope,
With what I most enjoy contented least;
With the same facial features
Having/possessing as many friends
Compares himself to others…wishes that he could have more hope…feels cheated and depressed…jealousy/envy…covets the attributes and abilities of others
DEPRESSED
ABILITY
SKILL
IRONY: finds himself most dissatisfied with that which he usually
enjoys most
RANGE OF ABILITIES OR SKILLS, TALENTS
Envy and discontent increase to
overpowering mood of personal
worthlessness and self
contempt
Yet in these thoughts myself almost despising,
Haply I think on thee, and then my state,
Like to the lark at break of day arising
From sullen earth, sings hymns at heaven's gate;
By chance…but also “happily”
Small brown bird
Unsmiling, sulking
CONJUNCTION – marks a change in the direction
of the argument
CHANGE OF MOOD: experiences renewed joy and optimism
SIMILE
And trouble deaf heaven with my bootless cries
He is mature enough to recognise theses feelings as jealousy and despises himself for
having these feelings
Connotations of renewal, rebirth, new beginnings
and new hope
Lark – first bird to sing at break of day – flies extremely high and sings
– lark song is also figurative - symbolic of poets soaring
emotional state and state of mind
Contrast and movement
suggest a new mood of elation
For thy sweet love remember'd such wealth brings
That then I scorn to change my state with kings.
Dismiss / treat with contempt
CONJUNCTION – introduces conclusion
to argument
• Notice how the mood changes• Starts out feeling depressed – becomes ecstatically happy
Rich in love –
emotional wealth
I all alone beweep my outcast state
Haply I think on thee, and then my state,Like to the lark at break of day arising
That then I scorn to change my state with kings.
Lot in life
State of mind and spirit
Position or condition
Sonnet is structured around a series of contrasts:
BEWEEP
SULLEN EARTH
TROUBLE… WITH….
BOOTLESS CRIES
WISHING DESIRING
DESPISING
SINGS
HEAVEN’S GATE
SWEET LOVE
REMEMBERED
SCORN ARISING
Sonnet has structural elements of both the Shakespearean and the Petrachan sonnet:
• 3 quatrains: abab cdcd efef (one idea – 3 aspects)
• 1 couplet: gg (conclusion with sudden twist)
• Lines 1 – 8: depressions as a result of limitedness
• “Yet” – turning point
• Lines 9 – 14: remembers lover – spiritually uplited