When are we going to get to the science factory?
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Transcript of When are we going to get to the science factory?
When are we going to get to the science factory?
Richard AkermanuOttawa Research Conversations
October 23, 2012
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This Diagram Explains the Future
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This List Explains the Past
• Google 1999• Facebook 2004• iPhone 2007• iPad 2010
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The Future is Already Here (1)
http://www.thedailybeast.com/newsweek/2012/10/21/tina-brown-newsweek-s-all-digital-future.html
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The Old World (Disrupted)
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Digital + Network Disrupts
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Vesta_from_Dawn,_July_17.jpg
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Consequences
• End of film developers (but not photography)• End of record stores (but not music)• End of video stores
– 4 billion hours/month of YouTube• End of book stores• End of newsstands• Re-examination of any content communications system
– Enormous challenges for academic libraries– Enormous challenges for scholarly communication– Enormous challenges for universities
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Digital + Network is Different
• Discovery• Focus on individual content items• Copying• Sharing• Remixing
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There Are Many Copies
http://www.flickr.com/photos/kk/18112585/
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Network
http://www.flickr.com/photos/sjcockell/3251147920/
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Show me the money (1)
• Paid authors• Paid editors• Printing costs• Traditional content model is a mix of user fees
(subscriptions, newsstand purchase) and advertising
• Barron’s 2009 – “Until recently, many newspapers had profit margins exceeding 30%”
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The Science Factory
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The Old World (Not Disrupted)
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Show me the money (2)
• Authors (not paid by the publisher)– In fact sometimes they have to pay to be published
• Content reviewers (not paid by the publisher)• Paid editors• Switch to digital, much less print• Mostly subscription revenues (licensed
content), very limited ad revenue• Reed Elsevier 2012 Interim Results
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Paying Twice?
• Institutions (usually through their libraries) have to pay to access science that they have funded, either through salaries or grants
• In particular the public has to pay to access research that tax dollars have already paid for
• But there can be a lot of value-add in the editorial process
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Spring
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Open Access
http://www.flickr.com/photos/communityfriend/2342578485/
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Open Access (2)
• http://thecostofknowledge.com/ 12,837• We The People petition 31,203• US Federal Research Public Access Act• (Harvard)
Faculty Advisory Council Memorandum on Journal Pricing– “Consider submitting articles to open-access
journals, or to ones that have reasonable, sustainable subscription costs; move prestige to open access”
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Open Access (3)
• “I realise this move to open access presents a challenge and opportunity for your industry, as you have historically received funding by charging for access to a publication. Nevertheless that funding model is surely going to have to change…. To try to preserve the old model is the wrong battle to fight.”
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Open Access (4)
• A lot of this is about making sure that money turns into access for the public and the rights expected in the digital environment, it’s not about eliminating the money altogether
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Scholarly Communication Disruptedin Many Other Ways
• Social media (blogs, twitter)• Repositories• Data sharing, open data, data citation• New models of reputation and reward
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What Can You Do?
http://www.flickr.com/photos/ramkarthik/4022566308/
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Inform Yourself (1)
• LSE Impact Blog• T. Scott Plutchak• Scholarly Kitchen• Science in the Open• Michael Nielsen
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Inform Yourself (2)
• http://www.oa.uottawa.ca/• Open Access Week 2012– http://www.oa.uottawa.ca/oaweek.jsp?language=en – http://www.openaccessweek.org/
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National Research Council
• NRC Publications Archive (NPARC)• PubMedCentral (PMC) Canada – free to read,
but not open access
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Summary
• Fundamental change due to properties of the digital environment – impacting all of our culture
• Be a healthy part of the digital ecosystem• Disruption of each aspect of scholarly communication
• Monitor the ongoing experiments• Opportunities for adaptive individuals and
organisations
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