WHEATSTONE BRIDGE CIRCUIT DESIGN AND SIMULATION FOR TEMPERATURE SENSOR
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Transcript of WHEATSTONE BRIDGE CIRCUIT DESIGN AND SIMULATION FOR TEMPERATURE SENSOR
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Group 01 <Please adapt this in the slide master>
MEASUREMENT AND SENSOR TECHNOLOGY
WHEATSTONE BRIDGE CIRCUIT DESIGN AND SIMULATION FOR
TEMPERATURE SENSOR
Group – 4A
PROJECT LAB EMBEDDED SYSTEMS
Chemnitz, 06/25/2015
CONTENTS
Introduction & Motivation
Objective
General Concept
Project Description
Conclusion
References
Seminar Automotive SensorsUniv.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. O. KanounChair for Measurement and Sensor Technology
INTRODUCTION & MOTIVATIONTemperature plays an important role in many industries both
electrical & non-electrical for analyzing properties and behavior of
various objects.
Industrial Instrumentations.
Hot Wire Anemometers.
Lab Quality Measurements.
Seminar Automotive SensorsUniv.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. O. KanounChair for Measurement and Sensor Technology
INTRODUCTION & MOTIVATIONAir, Gas & Liquid Monitoring.
Petrochemicals.
Air Conditioning & Refrigeration.
Textile Production
Plastics Processing
Remote temperature Sensing
for Automation Systems.
Seminar Automotive SensorsUniv.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. O. KanounChair for Measurement and Sensor Technology
OBJECTIVE
To Design a Bridge circuit to simulate temperature sensor.
To Simulate in LTSpice, Labview & Matlab to analyze the behavior
of the temperature sensor.
To design a PCB considering all the given design rules.
Seminar Automotive SensorsUniv.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. O. KanounChair for Measurement and Sensor Technology
GENERAL CONCEPT – TEMPERATURE SENSOR
Seminar Automotive SensorsUniv.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. O. KanounChair for Measurement and Sensor Technology
Feature Thermistor RTD Thermocouples
Temperature Range (in °C) -90 to 130 -200 to 850 -185 to 2300
Material Used Ceramic or polymer Pure Metals Alloys
Accuracy/Linearity Poor Highly Accurate Fairly Good
Sensitivity Several Ω /°C 0.00385 Ω /°C (for Platinum)
Tens of Micro-volts per degree
Figure
BLOCK DIAGRAM
Seminar Automotive SensorsUniv.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. O. KanounChair for Measurement and Sensor Technology
Resistance Change
RTD Wheatstone Bridge
Difference Amplifier
Voltage Change
Temperature Change
Voltage Response
RESISTANCE TEMPERATURE DETECTOR
Available in 2-wire, 3-wire & 4-wire configuration.
Variety of packages - wire-round and thin-film
Excellent stability and reproducibility
Very good Linearity
Extremely accurate
Seminar Automotive SensorsUniv.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. O. KanounChair for Measurement and Sensor Technology
RESISTANCE TEMPERATURE DETECTOR
RT = Resistance of the wire at temperature T°CRo = Resistance of the wire at temperature 0°CT = Temperature in °Cα = Temperature co-efficient of resistance (°C-1)
For Platinum wire RTD
Seminar Automotive SensorsUniv.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. O. KanounChair for Measurement and Sensor Technology
RESISTANCE TEMPERATURE DETECTOR
Seminar Automotive SensorsUniv.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. O. KanounChair for Measurement and Sensor Technology
Relation between temperature and resistance:
RT = R0[1 + AT + BT2 + CT3(T – 100)] (-200°C < T < 0°C)
RT = R0[1 + AT + BT2] (0°C < T < 850°C)
Where RT = Resistance of the wire at temperature T°C
Ro = Resistance of the wire at temperature 0°C
α = 0.00385 (°C-1)
A = 3.9083 X 10 -3°C-1
B = -5.775 X 10 -7°C-1
C = -4.183 X 10-12°C-1
WHEATSTONE BRIDGE
Seminar Automotive SensorsUniv.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. O. KanounChair for Measurement and Sensor Technology
DIFFERENTIAL AMPLIFIER
Seminar Automotive SensorsUniv.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. O. KanounChair for Measurement and Sensor Technology
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
Seminar Automotive SensorsUniv.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. O. KanounChair for Measurement and Sensor Technology
Wheatstone Bridge Buffer Difference
Amplifier
Voltage Response
Temperature Change
LTSPICE SIMULATION RESULT
Seminar Automotive SensorsUniv.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. O. KanounChair for Measurement and Sensor Technology
Temperature (°C)
Out
put V
olta
ge
(vol
ts)
LABVIEW SIMULATION BLOCK DIAGRAM
Seminar Automotive SensorsUniv.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. O. KanounChair for Measurement and Sensor Technology
LabVIEW Block Diagram
LABVIEW SIMULATION RESULT
Seminar Automotive SensorsUniv.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. O. KanounChair for Measurement and Sensor Technology
LabVIEW front panel
MATLAB SIMULATION RESULTS
Seminar Automotive SensorsUniv.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. O. KanounChair for Measurement and Sensor Technology
MATLAB SIMULATION RESULTS
Seminar Automotive SensorsUniv.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. O. KanounChair for Measurement and Sensor Technology
PCB DESIGN
Single Sided PCB PCB Size – 0.96 X 1.91 inch Space Between copper layers – 0.2mm Smallest Track Width – 0.2mm Layer thickness – 35µm
Seminar Automotive SensorsUniv.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. O. KanounChair for Measurement and Sensor Technology
CONCLUSION
Bridge circuit was designed to simulate the temperature sensor.
Simulation completed in LTSpice, Labview and Matlab.
The voltage output was verified.
PCB was designed adhering to rules and guidelines.
Seminar Automotive SensorsUniv.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. O. KanounChair for Measurement and Sensor Technology
REFERENCES Ramon Pallas-Areny, John G. Webster. “Sensors and signal
conditioning” – 2nd ed. A Wiley – Interscience Publication. H S Kalsi, “Electronic Instrumentation” Tata McGraw-Hill, 2009 D.Patranabis, “Sensors and Transducers” – 2nd ed. PHI Learning
Pvt. Ltd., 2003. A.K. Shawney, Puneet Sawhney, “A Course in Electrical and
Electronic Measurements and Instrumentation” – Dhanpat Rai Publications, 2012.
Bela G. Liptak, “Instrument Engineers’ Handbook: Process Measurement and Analysis” – 3rd ed., CRC Press, 1995.
Doeblin, “Measurement Systems Applications and Design” – 4th ed., Mcgraw-Hill College, 1989.
Seminar Automotive SensorsUniv.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. O. KanounChair for Measurement and Sensor Technology
Seminar Automotive SensorsUniv.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. O. KanounChair for Measurement and Sensor Technology
Seminar Automotive SensorsUniv.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. O. KanounChair for Measurement and Sensor Technology
ADDITIONAL INFORMATIONTHEORETICAL CALCULATIONS
Temperature
(°C)
Resistance
(Ω)
Voltage
(volts)
Amplifier
Gain
Output Voltage
(Volts)
-200 18.52 -3.437394533 2.2 -7.56227
-150 39.72 -2.157171486 2.2 -4.74578
-100 60.26 -1.239860227 2.2 -2.72769
-50 80.31 -0.546004104 2.2 -1.20121
0 100 0 2.2 0
50 119.4 0.442114859 2.2 0.972653
100 138.51 0.807303677 2.2 1.776068
150 157.33 1.1139393 2.2 2.450666
200 175.86 1.374972812 2.2 3.02494
250 194.1 1.599795988 2.2 3.519551
300 212.05 1.795385355 2.2 3.949848
Seminar Automotive SensorsUniv.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. O. KanounChair for Measurement and Sensor Technology
ADDITIONAL INFORMATIONTHEORETICAL CALCULATIONS
Temperature
(°C)
Resistance
(Ω)
Voltage
(volts)
Amplifier
Gain
Output Voltage
(Volts)
350 229.72 1.96712362 2.2 4.327672
400 247.09 2.118902878 2.2 4.661586
450 264.18 2.254105113 2.2 4.959031
500 280.98 2.375190299 2.2 5.225419
550 297.49 2.484213439 2.2 5.46527
600 313.71 2.582847889 2.2 5.682265
650 329.64 2.672469975 2.2 5.879434
700 345.28 2.754222063 2.2 6.059289
750 360.64 2.829107329 2.2 6.224036
800 375.7 2.89783477 2.2 6.375236
850 390.48 2.961180884 2.2 6.514598