WHAT´S A SPERM? Before… People used to think there was a tiny human inside each cell.

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HUMAN REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMS MALE AND FEMALE

Transcript of WHAT´S A SPERM? Before… People used to think there was a tiny human inside each cell.

Page 1: WHAT´S A SPERM? Before… People used to think there was a tiny human inside each cell.

HUMAN REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMS

MALE AND FEMALE

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WHAT´S A SPERM?Before…People used to think there was a tiny human inside each cell

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Contains Several Parts:-HeadChemical to dissolve egg gooDad’s genetic information (DNA)- MitochondriaEnergy- TailSwimming

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Produce fluid that nourishes sperm

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Secrets an alkaline fluid that counteracts the acids found in the male urethra and in the vagina of the female.

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Blood acumulates in the penis, causing it to become firm and erect.

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It´s the tube that carries urine during urination and semen during ejaculation.

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Sperm production begins in the testes at puberty and continues throughtout life.

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It´s a coiled tube attached to the surface of each testis.

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The vas deferens passes over the urinary bladder, connecting the epididymis to the urethra

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Secrets an alkaline fluid that becomes part of the semen.

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For fertilization to occur, sperm first must be transferred from a male to

female.The penis is the organ that makes it

possible for sperm to be delivered to the body of the female.

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MALE HORMONS

Testes produce the male hormone: testosterone.a male begins to make testosterone before birth, it causes

an embryo to develop a penis and scrotum.

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MALE HORMONS

At puberty testosterone levels rise, it causes the development of adult male

characteristics:beard, low voice and large muscles.

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SEMEN

CONTAINS300-500 MILLION SPERM

SPERM SURVIVES FOR A COUPLE OF DAYS INSIDE FEMALE’S BODY (HOSTILE ENVIRONMENT)

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FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

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After fertilization, the embryo develops into a fetus inside the uterus.

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In the center of the cervix is a small openingthrough which sperm can enter the uterus.

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Ovaries are the site of egg production.

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Fertilization occurs in one of the fallopian tubes, the fertilized egg then travels into the uterus.

FALLOPIAN TUBES

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The vagina connects the uterus to the outside of the body

FALLOPIAN TUBES

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It is covered by a hood of skinthat is connected to the labia.

FALLOPIAN TUBES

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They are folds of skin.

FALLOPIAN TUBES

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Ovaries2 pouchesContain ovaBorn with all of her eggs (~ 400,000)Use up ~500Won’t run out!

OvulationOne egg released from ovary to oviduct (fallopian tube)

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AFTER OVULATION

Egg pushed along by ciliaFew days travel time to arrive in uterus

Cervix – Opening between uterus & vagina

Normally tinyAt birth – muscles pull open (dilation) cervix to

allow baby to pass through = Labor

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Menstrual Cycle

• Complex combination of 10-12 chemicals (hormones)

• Usually one egg once a month• All about timing!!!– Uterus must be ready when egg gets there in case

it was fertilized– If no fertilization, tear down lining of uterus and

rebuild for next month

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28-Day Cycle (average)

• Three Stages1. Tear Down2. Rebuild3. Extra nutrients/blood for potential baby

• No Baby?– Back to #1

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Day 1

• First menstrual blood & tissue• No baby = breaks down lining of uterus• 5-7 days of blood/tissue exits body

Pre-Ovulation

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~Day 14• Ovulation = Egg released• Temp spikes slightly• Most fertile in next few days!– Able to get pregnant

• Egg gets fertilized while traveling through oviduct.

Post-Ovulation

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If fertilized…

• Zygote begins to divide as it travels through oviduct

• Implants into lining of uterus

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If not fertilized…

• Egg travels through oviduct to uterus• Exits body with blood and tissues during

menstruation

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Anatomy

Male Female

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Similarities

• 2 pouches– Testicles– Ovaries

• Start out inside body– Testicles “descend” before birth

• Fetus begins with “starter parts” that could develop into either gender.

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Anatomy – similaritiesFunction – VERY different!

• Male– Uncomplicated– Produce sperm• 2-4 MILLION every

day

• Female– Very Complicated!– One egg– Once a month– Careful coordination

of hormones & body– Timing perfect!

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ACTIVITY

• What are the main parts of a sperm?, draw it and write its main parts.

• Are important the male hormons? Why?

• Explain what the menstrual cycle is about.