What to Expect during the Nov. 13/14, 2012 Eclipse Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, NASA's GSFC...
-
Upload
barrie-grant -
Category
Documents
-
view
214 -
download
0
Transcript of What to Expect during the Nov. 13/14, 2012 Eclipse Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, NASA's GSFC...
What to Expect during the What to Expect during the Nov. 13/14, 2012 EclipseNov. 13/14, 2012 Eclipse
Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, NASA's GSFC
Presentation Copyright © 2005-2011by Bernie Volz, All rights reserved.
Last updated 02/09/2011
Cairns Local CircumstancesCairns Local Circumstances
16° 55' 20.7" S <—> -16.92242° 2m00.1s (total eclipse)145° 46' 51.5" E <—> 145.78096° Date: 11/13/2012 UT
Umbral depth : 70.29% Obscuration : 100.00%Magnitude at mid eclipse : 1.01305 Moon/Sun size ratio : 1.03712
Event (delta T=68.0s) Time (UT) Alt Azi P VStart of partial eclipse (C1): 19:44:44.7 +01.5° 108.6° 287° 10.8Start of total eclipse (C2): 20:38:33.7 +13.8° 105.2° 125° 04.3Mid eclipse: 20:39:33.6 +14.0° 105.1° 018° 08.0End of total eclipse (C3): 20:40:33.8 +14.2° 105.1° 271° 11.5End of partial eclipse (C4): 21:40:20.9 +28.1° 102.0° 108° 05.1
Local time is UT + 10 hours (C1 = 05:44:44.7, C2 = 06:38:33.7, Mid = 06:39:33.6, C3 = 06:40:33.8, C4 = 07:40:20.9).
Calculated via Xavier M. Jubier’s Solar Eclipse Calculator for Google Earth.
Mount Carbine Local Mount Carbine Local CircumstancesCircumstances
16° 31' 41.0" S <--> -16.52805° 2m03.3s (total eclipse)145° 07' 58.7" E <--> 145.13296° Date: 11/13/2012 UT
Umbral depth : 87.68% Obscuration : 100.00%Magnitude at mid eclipse : 1.01616 Moon/Sun size ratio : 1.03687
Event (delta T=68.0s) Time (UT) Alt Azi P VStart of partial eclipse (C1): 19:44:33.3 +00.7° 108.8° 287° 10.8Start of total eclipse (C2): 20:38:03.8 +13.0° 105.5° 115° 04.6Mid eclipse: 20:39:05.3 +13.2° 105.4° 018° 08.0End of total eclipse (C3): 20:40:07.1 +13.4° 105.3° 281° 11.2End of partial eclipse (C4): 21:39:30.8 +27.3° 102.4° 108° 05.1
Local time is UT + 10 hours (C1 = 05:44:33.3, C2 = 06:38:03.8, Mid = 06:39:05.3, C3 = 06:40:07.1, C4 = 07:39:30.8).
Calculated via Xavier M. Jubier’s Solar Eclipse Calculator for Google Earth.
First ContactFirst Contact
Moon begins to move Moon begins to move over Sun from Westover Sun from West
Starts at ~5:44:45 AM Starts at ~5:44:45 AM (about 10 minutes after (about 10 minutes after sunrise)sunrise)
Must observe sun with Must observe sun with filter!filter!
Good time to check and Good time to check and adjust mount tracking and adjust mount tracking and alignmentalignment
Watch for sunspotsWatch for sunspots
6/21/2001 – Zambia (Mario Motta)
First ContactFirst Contact
Crescent images of Crescent images of SunSun Natural pin-holes such Natural pin-holes such
as leaves on treesas leaves on trees Pin-holes in cardboardPin-holes in cardboard
Watch sky and Watch sky and environmentenvironment Gradually darkensGradually darkens Temperature dropsTemperature drops
8/11/1999 Hungary (Eric Pauer)
Mario Motta
~1 min Before Second Contact~1 min Before Second Contact
Shadow bandsShadow bands Are faint ripples of grayish Are faint ripples of grayish
light that wiggle briskly light that wiggle briskly across landscapeacross landscape
Similar to ripples seen at Similar to ripples seen at bottom of poolsbottom of pools
Caused by atmospheric Caused by atmospheric refractionrefraction
Occur about a minute Occur about a minute before Second Contactbefore Second Contact
Spread white sheet on Spread white sheet on ground to seeground to see
Usually not seen unless Usually not seen unless sky is crystal clearsky is crystal clear
Photos from http://www.liv.ac.uk/~ggastro/ES.obs.html
~Minute Before~Minute BeforeSecond ContactSecond Contact
Onrushing shadow Onrushing shadow from westfrom west ~Minute before ~Minute before
Second ContactSecond Contact Watch color and Watch color and
general appearancegeneral appearance
6/21/2001Zambia(Mario Motta)
6/30/1992 – Uruguay (Bernie Volz)
30 Seconds Before30 Seconds BeforeSecond ContactSecond Contact
Baily’s Beads (~6:38 Baily’s Beads (~6:38 AM)AM) Starts about 30 secs Starts about 30 secs
before Second before Second ContactContact
Last bit of sunlight Last bit of sunlight shines through the shines through the moon’s jagged edgemoon’s jagged edge
Filters off of cameras Filters off of cameras and telescopes!and telescopes!
6/21/2001 – Zambia (Mario Motta)
Last Seconds BeforeLast Seconds BeforeSecond ContactSecond Contact
Diamond RingDiamond Ring Last “baily’s bead”Last “baily’s bead” Lasts only a few Lasts only a few
seconds before seconds before Moon completely Moon completely covers the Suncovers the Sun
11/3/1994 - Bolivia
Second ContactSecond Contact Start of TOTALITY!Start of TOTALITY! Moon Moon completelycompletely
covers the Suncovers the Sun FILTERS OFF - Safe FILTERS OFF - Safe
to directly view totalityto directly view totality At site:At site:
~6:38:34 AM~6:38:34 AM Lasts for 2 minutesLasts for 2 minutes Sun/MoonSun/Moon
altitude of ~14°altitude of ~14° azimuth of ~105°azimuth of ~105°
11/3/1994 – Bolivia (Mario Motta)
TotalityTotality
The CoronaThe Corona What everyone is waiting What everyone is waiting
for!for! Best viewed with Best viewed with
binocularsbinoculars Look for streamersLook for streamers
and how far out they go and how far out they go (Sun/Moon are ~½°)(Sun/Moon are ~½°)
Each eclipse’s corona is Each eclipse’s corona is unique - study this one unique - study this one carefullycarefully
Look for polar brushes!Look for polar brushes!
11/3/1994 – Bolivia (Mario Motta)
TotalityTotality
ProminencesProminences Red areas near solar Red areas near solar
(lunar) disk(lunar) disk May have none or may May have none or may
have severalhave several Depends on solar Depends on solar
activityactivity Likely many as Solar Likely many as Solar
Maximum expected Maximum expected May 2013May 2013
08/11/1999 - Hungary
TotalityTotality
Look around at the twilight skyLook around at the twilight skySaturn – Saturn – 1717°° to upper left of Sun (Alt 28 to upper left of Sun (Alt 28°°, Azi 93, Azi 93°°))Venus – Venus – 3131°° to upper left of Sun (Alt 40 to upper left of Sun (Alt 40°°, Azi 84, Azi 84°°))Mercury – Mercury – 88°° to lower left of Sun (Alt 6 to lower left of Sun (Alt 6°°, Azi 110, Azi 110°°))Jupiter – Jupiter – low in W/NW sky (Alt 6low in W/NW sky (Alt 6°°, Azi 294, Azi 294°°))
Stars (Sirius, Canopus, Procyon, Stars (Sirius, Canopus, Procyon, Caster/Pollux, Betelgeuse, Arcturus, Alpha Caster/Pollux, Betelgeuse, Arcturus, Alpha Centauri, …)Centauri, …)
ConstellationsConstellations
PlanisphereProjection ofSky duringTotality
Using The Sky X
To use, hold over your head with directions oriented properly.
Note that red bull’s eye is the zenith.
TotalityTotality Take in the environmentTake in the environment
Darkness of eclipseDarkness of eclipse Animal reactionsAnimal reactions Temperature dropTemperature drop Wind speedWind speed
2/26/1998 – Aruba (Peter Bealo)
7/11/1991Mexico
(Mike Terenzoni)
TotalityTotality
Don’t forget to take your photographsDon’t forget to take your photographsDon’t need “fast” film - ISO 100 is fineDon’t need “fast” film - ISO 100 is fineBracket, Bracket, Bracket!Bracket, Bracket, Bracket!For Mercury - f/8, ISO 100 = ~1/125For Mercury - f/8, ISO 100 = ~1/125For Venus - f/8, ISO 100 = ~1/500For Venus - f/8, ISO 100 = ~1/500
Don’t forget to LOOKDon’t forget to LOOKYou only have 2 minutes!You only have 2 minutes!
Field of View and Sun’s Image Size Field of View and Sun’s Image Size vs Focal Length (35mm film)vs Focal Length (35mm film)
35 mm 100 mm (Bernie Volz)
270 mm 1000 mm (Mario Motta)
Field of View and Sun’s Image Size Field of View and Sun’s Image Size vs Focal Length (35mm film)vs Focal Length (35mm film)
Third ContactThird Contact
Moon no longer completely covers SunMoon no longer completely covers SunSame transition, but in reverse, as from Same transition, but in reverse, as from
First to Second ContactFirst to Second ContactDiamond RingDiamond RingBaily’s BeadsBaily’s BeadsFILTERS ON!!FILTERS ON!!Retreating shadow (East)Retreating shadow (East)Shadow bandsShadow bands 6/21/2001 – Zambia (Mario Motta)
Fourth ContactFourth Contact
Eclipse Ends (~07:40 AM)Eclipse Ends (~07:40 AM)Moon has moved eastward completely off the Moon has moved eastward completely off the
SunSun
6/21/2001 – Zambia (Bernie Volz)
2/26/1998 – Aruba (Bernie Volz)