What powers a cell? LightPhotosynthesis experiments showed us that Light is used by plants as the...

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Transcript of What powers a cell? LightPhotosynthesis experiments showed us that Light is used by plants as the...

Page 1: What powers a cell? LightPhotosynthesis experiments showed us that Light is used by plants as the energy to synthesize Glucose. And we know ATP the source.

What powers a cell?

• Photosynthesis experiments showed us that LightLight is used by plants as the energy to synthesize Glucose.

• And we know ATP the source of energy (the little rechargeable battery) used to by all cells to do work

Page 2: What powers a cell? LightPhotosynthesis experiments showed us that Light is used by plants as the energy to synthesize Glucose. And we know ATP the source.

Our guiding question• The energy source for nearly all ecosystems is the sun• The energy source for nearly all cellular processes is ATP

• How is energy from the sun transformed and stored in molecules of ATP to be used for cellular work?

SunATP

P P P

Page 3: What powers a cell? LightPhotosynthesis experiments showed us that Light is used by plants as the energy to synthesize Glucose. And we know ATP the source.

LIGHTENERGY

CHEMICALENERGY

Glucose

Carbon dioxide

P P P

P P P

ENERGYFOR CELLULAR

WORK

ATP

ADP P+

Matter cycles as energy is transformed

Page 4: What powers a cell? LightPhotosynthesis experiments showed us that Light is used by plants as the energy to synthesize Glucose. And we know ATP the source.

LIGHTENERGY

CHEMICALENERGY

Glucose

Carbon dioxide

P P P

P P P

ATP

Photosynthesis Cellular respiration

Lightenergy

Energy storedin glucose

Energy storedin ATP

Photosynthesis Cellular respiration

Trace how the energy is transformed

Page 5: What powers a cell? LightPhotosynthesis experiments showed us that Light is used by plants as the energy to synthesize Glucose. And we know ATP the source.

How is energy from the sun transformed and stored in ATP?

Sun ATP

P P P

Lightenergy

Energystored

in glucose

Energystoredin ATPPhotosynthesis Cellular respiration

Page 6: What powers a cell? LightPhotosynthesis experiments showed us that Light is used by plants as the energy to synthesize Glucose. And we know ATP the source.

The goal:

We will learn the inputs and outputs of cellular respiration and where it takes place.

Lightenergy

Energystored

in glucose

Energystoredin ATPPhotosynthesis Cellular

respiration

Page 7: What powers a cell? LightPhotosynthesis experiments showed us that Light is used by plants as the energy to synthesize Glucose. And we know ATP the source.

Cellular respiration• Glucose is broken into carbon dioxide and

water to gain energy to build ATP

• Oxygen is required as an input

• Most of the process occurs in mitochondria

INPUTS•Glucose•Oxygen•(ADP + P)

OUTPUTS•Carbon dioxide•Water•ATP

Page 8: What powers a cell? LightPhotosynthesis experiments showed us that Light is used by plants as the energy to synthesize Glucose. And we know ATP the source.

Cellular respiration

Carbondioxide

WaterGlucose Oxygen

6 CO2 6 H2OC6H12O6 6 O2

INPUTS OUTPUTS


Glucose Homeostasis - JU Medicine · Glucose Homeostasis The body must control glucose levels because all cells use glucose to make ATP, the energy currency of cells. Some tissues

Glucose Homeostasis - JU Medicine · Glucose Homeostasis The body must control glucose levels because all cells use glucose to make ATP, the energy currency of cells. Some tissues

Chapter 9 (continued) Fermentation. glucose 2 ATP 2 NADH 2 pyruvate 2 ATP 8 NADH 2FADH 2 O 2 32-34 ATP water glycolysis citric Acid cycle oxidative phosphorylation.

Chapter 9 (continued) Fermentation. glucose 2 ATP 2 NADH 2 pyruvate 2 ATP 8 NADH 2FADH 2 O 2 32-34 ATP water glycolysis citric Acid cycle oxidative phosphorylation.

Cellular Respiration · ATP is your universal currency ($) •1 Glucose = 30-32 ATP molecules. ... CELL Food Oxygen Cellular Respiration Mitochondrion Cytosol ATP Krebs Cycle ATP

Cellular Respiration · ATP is your universal currency ($) •1 Glucose = 30-32 ATP molecules. ... CELL Food Oxygen Cellular Respiration Mitochondrion Cytosol ATP Krebs Cycle ATP

Glucose ATP ADP ATP ADP PDHC Acetyl-CoA CoASH + NAD CO 2 + NADH + H + T3P PEP Pyruvate ADP ATP ADP ATP NAD NADH + H + GAPDH -2 ATP +4 ATP -2 NAD -2 CoASH.

Glucose ATP ADP ATP ADP PDHC Acetyl-CoA CoASH + NAD CO 2 + NADH + H + T3P PEP Pyruvate ADP ATP ADP ATP NAD NADH + H + GAPDH -2 ATP +4 ATP -2 NAD -2 CoASH.

Chemiosmotic mechanism of oxidative phosphorylation Active transport carrier proteins set up gradients which are then used to synthesize ATP ATP synthase.

Chemiosmotic mechanism of oxidative phosphorylation Active transport carrier proteins set up gradients which are then used to synthesize ATP ATP synthase.

The preparatory phase uses 2 ATP and converts 1 glucose to 2 molecules of GAP Glucose + 2ATP 2GAP + 2ADP + 2H+ isomerization.

The preparatory phase uses 2 ATP and converts 1 glucose to 2 molecules of GAP Glucose + 2ATP 2GAP + 2ADP + 2H+ isomerization.

L-cysteine reversibly inhibits glucose-induced biphasic ... · L-cysteine reversibly inhibits glucose-induced biphasic insulin secretion and ATP production by inactivating PKM2 Daiki

L-cysteine reversibly inhibits glucose-induced biphasic ... · L-cysteine reversibly inhibits glucose-induced biphasic insulin secretion and ATP production by inactivating PKM2 Daiki

CHAPTER 7: CELLULAR RESPIRATION. CELLULAR RESPIRATION Process where cells make ATP by breaking down glucose.

CHAPTER 7: CELLULAR RESPIRATION. CELLULAR RESPIRATION Process where cells make ATP by breaking down glucose.

GLYCOLYSIS Glucose ATP Hexokinase ADP Glucose 6-phosphate P hosphogluco- i somerase

GLYCOLYSIS Glucose ATP Hexokinase ADP Glucose 6-phosphate P hosphogluco- i somerase

10 reactions – convert glucose (6C) to 2 pyruvate (3C) – produces: 4 ATP & 2 NADH – consumes: 2 ATP – net: 2 ATP & 2 NADH Overview DHAP = dihydroxyacetone.

10 reactions – convert glucose (6C) to 2 pyruvate (3C) – produces: 4 ATP & 2 NADH – consumes: 2 ATP – net: 2 ATP & 2 NADH Overview DHAP = dihydroxyacetone.

Chemical Energy and ATP Energy in glucose & lipids is converted into ATP –A–Adenosine triphosphate –E–Energy for work is stored in ATP bonds.

Chemical Energy and ATP Energy in glucose & lipids is converted into ATP –A–Adenosine triphosphate –E–Energy for work is stored in ATP bonds.

GLYCOLYSIS GLYCOLYSIS Glucose ATP Hexokinase ADP Glucose 6-phosphate Phosphogluco- isomerase Fructose 6-phosphate ATP Phosphofructokinase ADP Fructose.

GLYCOLYSIS GLYCOLYSIS Glucose ATP Hexokinase ADP Glucose 6-phosphate Phosphogluco- isomerase Fructose 6-phosphate ATP Phosphofructokinase ADP Fructose.

Chapter 8 (Strickberger 4th ed.) Origins of Cells and …...50/10-21 = 5x1022 molecules of glucose are needed to walk for 15 min. Each molecule of glucose provides 38 ATP, so 38 ATP

Chapter 8 (Strickberger 4th ed.) Origins of Cells and …...50/10-21 = 5x1022 molecules of glucose are needed to walk for 15 min. Each molecule of glucose provides 38 ATP, so 38 ATP

Cellular Respiration: Stage 4. Review: Stages of Cellular Respiration (per 1 Glucose) Glycolysis: occurs in cytosol. Glucose 2 Pyruvate 2 ATP.

Cellular Respiration: Stage 4. Review: Stages of Cellular Respiration (per 1 Glucose) Glycolysis: occurs in cytosol. Glucose 2 Pyruvate 2 ATP.

4....ʘ But if you coupled it with ATP hydrolysis ∆Go=-4 (it is large amount), much more glucose 6-phosphate will be form than glucose. ʘ So, coupling it with ATP hydrolysis has

4....ʘ But if you coupled it with ATP hydrolysis ∆Go=-4 (it is large amount), much more glucose 6-phosphate will be form than glucose. ʘ So, coupling it with ATP hydrolysis has

Course 096125 (095857) Introduction to Green and …...Reaction coordinate Glucose H 2 O ATP ADP + P i + Glucose-30.5 Glucose-6-P + ADP 13.8 16.87 Glucose-6-P Attilio Citterio Sources

Course 096125 (095857) Introduction to Green and …...Reaction coordinate Glucose H 2 O ATP ADP + P i + Glucose-30.5 Glucose-6-P + ADP 13.8 16.87 Glucose-6-P Attilio Citterio Sources

Mitochondria & ATP explain why the theoretical maximum yield of ATP per molecule of glucose is rarely, if ever, achieved in aerobic respiration; explain,

Mitochondria & ATP explain why the theoretical maximum yield of ATP per molecule of glucose is rarely, if ever, achieved in aerobic respiration; explain,

Quiz SBI 4UI Ready?. 1. Adding 1 ATP to glucose changes it into;

Quiz SBI 4UI Ready?. 1. Adding 1 ATP to glucose changes it into;

Cell Respiration. Consumers/ Heterotrophs Autotrophs use sunlight to make ATP and Glucose Heterotrophs – get glucose from eating other organisms and using.

Cell Respiration. Consumers/ Heterotrophs Autotrophs use sunlight to make ATP and Glucose Heterotrophs – get glucose from eating other organisms and using.

Gluconeogenesis How to synthesize glucose from noncarbohydrate precursors? p.543.

Gluconeogenesis How to synthesize glucose from noncarbohydrate precursors? p.543.