What is the meaning of weather and climate? Copy the definition for: Weather = the state of the...

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What is the meaning of weather and climate? Copy the definition for: Weather = the state of the atmosphere around us (changes every day) Climate = the average weather over a period of time (many years)

Transcript of What is the meaning of weather and climate? Copy the definition for: Weather = the state of the...

Page 1: What is the meaning of weather and climate? Copy the definition for: Weather = the state of the atmosphere around us (changes every day) Climate = the.

What is the meaning ofweather and climate?

Copy the definition for:

Weather =the state of the atmosphere around us (changes every day)

Climate =the average weather over a period of time (many years)

Page 2: What is the meaning of weather and climate? Copy the definition for: Weather = the state of the atmosphere around us (changes every day) Climate = the.

The 4 main parts of the weather

Precipitation(How much it has rained / snowed and how wet it is)

Temperature(How hot or cold it is)

Visibility(How much we can seeIs it foggy / dusty?)

Wind

(How fast it is and which direction it will travel)

Page 3: What is the meaning of weather and climate? Copy the definition for: Weather = the state of the atmosphere around us (changes every day) Climate = the.

Final Task – Build a sentenceLevel 3/C

The word weather means…

The word climate means.

Describe what the weather it is like today.

Level 4/B

The word weather means.

The word climate means.

The weather today is… (use specific examples like wind, visibility, precipitation)

Level 5/A

The difference between weather and climate is…

The weather today is… (use examples like wind, visibility, precipitation)

The weather in the UK is… (use examples like wind, visibility, precipitation)

It is important for humans to know the weather because…

Page 4: What is the meaning of weather and climate? Copy the definition for: Weather = the state of the atmosphere around us (changes every day) Climate = the.

Important wordsCondensation(con/den/sa/tion)

Evaporation(e/vap/or/ation)

Liquid water

Solid water

Water gas

Water vapour

Ice

Water turns from gas to a liquid

Water turns from a liquid into a gas

Plain H2O

Page 5: What is the meaning of weather and climate? Copy the definition for: Weather = the state of the atmosphere around us (changes every day) Climate = the.

The Water Cycle

Page 6: What is the meaning of weather and climate? Copy the definition for: Weather = the state of the atmosphere around us (changes every day) Climate = the.

The Water Cycle in more detail

Page 7: What is the meaning of weather and climate? Copy the definition for: Weather = the state of the atmosphere around us (changes every day) Climate = the.

Places get warm because of the _______. It heats up the ________, which heats the ______. The sun also _______ wind. The warm air ________, so ______ air ________ in to replace it. This cold air is ______.The water from the oceans __________ to become a gas ( _________ __________).As warm air rises it ________ down. The water vapour ____________. That’s why we get ________. When the clouds become too _________, it rains.Sometimes when the weather is very ________ the water droplets may fall as __________, hailstone or sleet.

The Water Cycle: Test

Rain causes wind rises rising raining sun heating evaporates snow condenses evaporation condensation heavy clear windy water vapour

cools cooling.

Page 8: What is the meaning of weather and climate? Copy the definition for: Weather = the state of the atmosphere around us (changes every day) Climate = the.

Type of weather

Instrument How it works Units it measures

in

Temperature

Anemometer The arm points in the same direction that the wind is travelling in

Degrees celcius (ºC)

Wind speed Thermometer

The person recording looks at how much of the sky is covered in cloud,

they divide the sky into 8ths

Kilometres per hour (kph)

Wind direction

Rain gauge The metal cups rotate in the wind. The stronger the wind, the

faster the cups turn.

Compass direction (NSEW)

Precipitation

Barometer This records the force of the air on the surface of the earth

Millimeters (mm)

Air pressure Eyes A container is placed in a stationary position and records how much

rain/sleet/snow/hail falls.

Millibars (mB)

Cloud cover Weather vane

The liquid (mercury or spirit) in the bulb at the bottom expands as it gets

warm and rises up a tube. You can then read off the value.

Oktas (8ths)

Page 9: What is the meaning of weather and climate? Copy the definition for: Weather = the state of the atmosphere around us (changes every day) Climate = the.

Type of weather Instrument Units it measures in

Temperature Thermometer Degrees celcius (ºC)

Wind speed Anemometer Kilometres per hour (kph)

Wind direction Weather vane Compass direction (NSEW)

Precipitation Rain gauge Millimeters (mm)

Air pressure Barometer Millibars (mB)

Cloud cover Eyes Oktas (8ths)

Page 10: What is the meaning of weather and climate? Copy the definition for: Weather = the state of the atmosphere around us (changes every day) Climate = the.

The units of temperature are degrees Celsius °C or degrees Fahrenheit °F. (Like MPH and KMPH)

Temperature is a measure of how warm or cool it is.

Temperature

Most thermometers are made so liquid (mercury or spirit) in the bulb at the bottom expands as it gets warm and rises up a tube.

Temperatures are measured in the shade, so the sun’s rays do not heat up the instrument being used.

Temperature is measured using a thermometer.

How is temperature measured?

Page 11: What is the meaning of weather and climate? Copy the definition for: Weather = the state of the atmosphere around us (changes every day) Climate = the.

The force exerted on the Earth by the air above.

Air pressure is measured using a barometer.

It records it in millibars (mB)

Air pressure

Air pressure changes with height, the higher up we go, the more air pressure.

Page 12: What is the meaning of weather and climate? Copy the definition for: Weather = the state of the atmosphere around us (changes every day) Climate = the.

Wind Direction:

• A Weather vane records the direction the wind is blowing in.

• It spins and points towards the direction.

• A compass direction can be calculated:– North– South– East – West

Page 13: What is the meaning of weather and climate? Copy the definition for: Weather = the state of the atmosphere around us (changes every day) Climate = the.

Wind speed is a measure of how fast the air is moving. It is measured using an anemometer

Wind speed

Wind is simply moving air.

An anemometer has metal cups that rotate in the wind. The stronger the wind, the faster the cups turn.

Page 14: What is the meaning of weather and climate? Copy the definition for: Weather = the state of the atmosphere around us (changes every day) Climate = the.

Rainfall is measured using a rain gauge.

Precipitation: Rainfall

Rain is a type of precipitation, Snow, sleet, hail, dew and fog are also types of precipitation.

Precipitation occurs when water vapour in the air cools and condenses into water droplets.

Rainfall is usually measured in millimetres (mm).

Page 15: What is the meaning of weather and climate? Copy the definition for: Weather = the state of the atmosphere around us (changes every day) Climate = the.

Cloud Cover• Your eyes are the most

useful tools to measure the weather

• You can look at the sky and see how much is covered in cloud

• We record this in Oktas• 1 Okta is ⅛th • A full sky of cloud would

be 8 Oktas

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It uses a scale from 0 to 12.

The Beaufort scale measures wind intensity using the effects of wind to estimate its speed.

Beaufort scale

0 on the scale means there is no wind.

How is wind speed estimated without an anemometer?

12 indicates hurricane conditions.

Page 17: What is the meaning of weather and climate? Copy the definition for: Weather = the state of the atmosphere around us (changes every day) Climate = the.
Page 18: What is the meaning of weather and climate? Copy the definition for: Weather = the state of the atmosphere around us (changes every day) Climate = the.
Page 19: What is the meaning of weather and climate? Copy the definition for: Weather = the state of the atmosphere around us (changes every day) Climate = the.

Type of weather

Instrument How it works Units it measures in

Picture

Temperature Thermometer The liquid (mercury or spirit) in the bulb

at the bottom expands as it gets

warm and rises up a tube. You can then read off the value.

Degrees celcius (ºC)

Wind speed Anemometer The metal cups rotate in the wind. The stronger the

wind, the faster the cups turn.

Kilometres per hour (kph)

Wind direction

Weather vane The arm points in the same

direction that the wind is travelling

in

Compass direction (NSEW)

Precipitation Rain gauge A container is placed in a stationary

position and records how much

rain/sleet/snow/hail falls.

Millimeters (mm)

Air pressure Barometer This records the force of the air on the surface of the

earth.

Millibars (mB)

Cloud cover Eyes The person recording looks at how much of the sky is covered in

cloud, they divide the sky into 8ths

Oktas (8ths)

Page 20: What is the meaning of weather and climate? Copy the definition for: Weather = the state of the atmosphere around us (changes every day) Climate = the.

1.Rain gauge

a) A rain gauge is used to measure the amount of rain that has fallen. Rain is a type of precipitation

b) The rain gauge is a container which gathers the rainfall.

c) The unit of measurement used is millimeters (mm)

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1.Rain gauge 2.Anemometer 3.Barometer 4.Eyes

2.Anemometera) An anemometer is used to measure: the speed of the wind.b) The anemometer is: made of metal cups which catch wind and spin. The faster the wind, the more they spin.C) The unit of measurement used: is Killometers per hour (KPH)

Page 22: What is the meaning of weather and climate? Copy the definition for: Weather = the state of the atmosphere around us (changes every day) Climate = the.

1.Rain gauge 2.Anemometer 3.Barometer 4.Eyes

2.Anemometera) An anemometer is used to measure: the speed of the wind.b) The anemometer is: made of metal cups which catch wind and spin. The faster the wind, the more they spin.C) The unit of measurement used: is Killometers per hour (KPH)

Page 23: What is the meaning of weather and climate? Copy the definition for: Weather = the state of the atmosphere around us (changes every day) Climate = the.

3.Barometer

a) A barometer is used to measure:

b) The barometer is: a gauge which measures the pressure the sky exerts (puts) on the Earth.

C) The unit of measurement used: millibars

Page 24: What is the meaning of weather and climate? Copy the definition for: Weather = the state of the atmosphere around us (changes every day) Climate = the.

4.Eyes

a) Eyes are used to measure:

b) The eyes measure the amount of sky that is covered with clouds. The person divides it in to 8 parts and checks how many parts are covered.

C) The unit of measurement used: millibars

Page 25: What is the meaning of weather and climate? Copy the definition for: Weather = the state of the atmosphere around us (changes every day) Climate = the.
Page 26: What is the meaning of weather and climate? Copy the definition for: Weather = the state of the atmosphere around us (changes every day) Climate = the.
Page 27: What is the meaning of weather and climate? Copy the definition for: Weather = the state of the atmosphere around us (changes every day) Climate = the.

Convectional rainfall

Relief rainfall

1. Sun heats the Earth

2. Evaporation3. Warm air rises4. Condensation5. Water droplets.6. Heavy Clouds7. Rain

1. Warm air moving.

2. Forced up a mountain.

3. Condensation4. Rain

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Frontal

Page 29: What is the meaning of weather and climate? Copy the definition for: Weather = the state of the atmosphere around us (changes every day) Climate = the.

ConvectionalThe Earth is heated by the

______________________ and the air above it is warmed.

As the air warms it evaporates (______________).

As it reaches higher in the sky it will begin to ________________ down and ________________ are formed.

Clouds are droplets of water vapour that will eventually lead to __________________.Rises Cool

Sun Clouds Rain

Page 30: What is the meaning of weather and climate? Copy the definition for: Weather = the state of the atmosphere around us (changes every day) Climate = the.

Title: Relief 10/031. Wind is forced to rise by

_____________________ that often get in the way.

2. As air rises it will begin to ______________.

3. Cooling air causes ___________ and clouds form.

4. Then ____________ will fall.

Page 31: What is the meaning of weather and climate? Copy the definition for: Weather = the state of the atmosphere around us (changes every day) Climate = the.

Frontal1. Air masses are huge blocks of _____. 2. Frontal rainfall occurs when warm air (from the

_______________) meets colder air (from the ___________). 3. As the two air masses meet the _________ air is forced above

the cold air, because it is lighter. 4. As warm air rises it _______, condenses and it starts to

________.

Page 32: What is the meaning of weather and climate? Copy the definition for: Weather = the state of the atmosphere around us (changes every day) Climate = the.

Quick Fire ActivityName 5 extreme weather events beginning with the following letters:

H____________________

H____________________

M____________________

S____________________

F____________________

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Why is climate so different in different places, and in different months?

Factors that influence climate

LATITUDE EARTHS TILT

DISTANCE FROM THE COAST

WIND DIRECTION/SPEED

OCEAN TEMPERATURE

HEIGHT ABOVE SEA LEVEL OR ALTITUDE

1.Use page 84 and 85 to add drawings to your spider diagram2. Explain a. latitude b. altitude c. wind direction

Page 34: What is the meaning of weather and climate? Copy the definition for: Weather = the state of the atmosphere around us (changes every day) Climate = the.

Climate data for London

Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Average temperature (˚C)

8 8 11 14 17 21 23 23 19 15 11 8

Precipitation (mm)

55 40 41 43 49 44 44 49 49 68 59 55

The climate generally gives us average temperature and precipitation

As geographers we can represent this in an excellent and interesting way!!

A way that will allow us to compare them both visually……..

A climate graph.Here is your data……

Page 35: What is the meaning of weather and climate? Copy the definition for: Weather = the state of the atmosphere around us (changes every day) Climate = the.
Page 36: What is the meaning of weather and climate? Copy the definition for: Weather = the state of the atmosphere around us (changes every day) Climate = the.

Climates around the worldType Climate Countries Picture

Desert Very dry and hot all year round, especially in summer, with cooler winters

Saudi ArabiaEgyptAustralia

Polar Very cold all year. Many parts covered in snow and ice.

CanadaSerbia

Mountain High up and cold. Lots of rain and snow.

SwitzerlandChina

Maritime Very wet. Warm summers and cool winters.

UKFranceHolland

Tropical Rainy and hot most of the year with a dry season

BrazilMadagascarIndia