Matter and its properties

Basic particle from which all elements are made

ATOM

What is an atom basics for kids https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R1RMV5qhwyE

A positively charged particle in the nucleus of an atom.

PROTON

A small particle in the nucleus of the atom, with no electrical charge

NEUTRON

A neutron walks into a bar and orders a coke. The bartender says “for you no charge”

A negatively charged subatomic particle in the nucleus of an atom(circle around

ELECTRON

http://www.brainpop.com/science/matterandchemistry/atoms/

MOLECULEA group of atoms bonded together

Quiz: Draw an atom. Label its parts. 10 pointFormative and you can use your notes. (Not a friend’s notes)

ELEMENTA pure substance made of only one kind of atom. It cannot be broken down into simpler substances.

Periodic table of elements

Atomic mass: amount of matter in an object

Write the element symbol, element name, and atomic number for

1. Oxygen2. Hydrogen3. Gold4. Aluminium

Example for CarbonSymbol: CName: CarbonAtomic number: 6

Does anyone know any jokes about sodium?Answer: Na

Silver walks up to Gold in a bar and says,"AU, get outta here!"

ELEMENTA pure substance made of only one kind of atom. It cannot be broken down into simpler substances

COMPOUNDA substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds

molecules

compounds

3 States of Matter

liquid solid

gas

Matter: has mass and occupies space; "an atom is the smallest indivisible unit of matter"

http://www.chem.purdue.edu/gchelp/liquids/character.html

GASA form of matter that does not have a definite volume or shape. Particles separate from each other and spread out.

http://youtu.be/PjZSMu2SXt4 States of matter

LIQUIDA form of matter that flows, has constant volume, and takes the shape of its container. Composed of molecules that move freely among themselves but do not tend to separate like those of gases.

buoyancy is the upward force on an object produced by the

surrounding liquid

Solid: A phase of matter that holds its shape and does not flow..

The temperature of the matter

FREEZE

BOIL

LIQUID

LIQUID

SOLID

GAS

MELT

CONDENSATION

SOLID LIQUID

GAS LIQUID

Properties of MatterEverything--the human body, hamsters, ketchup, spoons, soda--is made of matter. Matter has physical or chemical properties.

Physical properties are the traits of an object you can see such as size, color and state. Changing these properties does not change the chemical nature of the matter. For example, a paper that is cut into small pieces has undergone a physical change. The pieces have a different quantity, size, shape and texture than the original sheet.

Chemical properties are the characteristics that describe the composition of matter. When metal combines with oxygen, it makes rust (oxidation) and changes the chemistry of the metal .

Physical and chemical traits are constantly changing in reaction to the environment. Bread gets moldy. Sneakers wear out. Statues rust. The changes that occur are called either physical or chemical changes, depending on the trait that is being altered..

Physical changes are usually easy to identify because you can see the change. When ice melts, you can see water pooling in its place. When a crayon is used to draw, the crayon breaks into millions of tiny pieces. The color of the crayon, in your hand and on the drawing, is the same; only the size and shape of the matter has changed.

Chemical changes occur at the atomic level, we can't actually see them happening. There are three main signs to look out for when trying to identify a chemical change. •the appearance of a new substance,•irreversible change has occurred•the absorption or release of energy.

Different types of chemical changes have names that describe the processes occurring. (decomposition, photosynthesis, oxidation (rusting), ripening, cooking)

Practice: Is it a physical change or chemical change?

A paper burned.The firework exploded.The leaves turned color in Autumn.Sugar dissolves in a cup of water.The bicycle has rusted.The apple has spoiled.I crumpled the newspaper.The glass vase shatteredAnd can’t be fixed.

Think About It...Identify four physical changes that occur in your kitchen. Need some help? Here are some examples of physical changes.Bread crumples.Boiling water evaporates.The paper towels roll is built to undergo physical change--perforations make it easy to rip into smaller pieces.A sponge can expand when it soaks up water, or shrink as it dries.

Think of 2 chemical changes that can occur. Here are some examples.•Bread molding--Mold, a living organism, is consuming the sugar, water and minerals in the bread. And the bread is decomposing. These changes are irreversible, release smelly gases and produce a small amount of heat.•Cake baking--When you bake a cake you are combining several ingredients into a solution, adding energy (heat) and making a new material that cannot be returned into the original ingredients.