In studying nature, scientists make observations and then ...
What is it? A tool used by scientists to gather information about scientific observations and...
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Transcript of What is it? A tool used by scientists to gather information about scientific observations and...
What is it?A tool used by scientists to gather
information about scientific observations and questions.
ObservationScientist notices something about the
world around themThis observation will begin the process and
lead to the next stepBubble gum changes as you chew it
Problem/QuestionThe scientist poses a question about his/her
observationHow?
What?When?
Where?Why?
Who? How does the weight of bubble gum change as
you chew it?
ResearchScientists will gather as much background
information about their question as possible to create an educated hypothesis.Must be peer reviewed!Gain knowledge to develop a “good”
experimentMust be put into your OWN words!!!
We did not do this in our lab NOTE – Small, classroom experiments will often
times not include this step.
HypothesisA hypothesis is a tentative statement that
proposes a possible explanation to some phenomenon or event (or our question(s)).
Testable, testable, testable!Not your opinion (do NOT use “I” or “We”)
May contain predictionThe bubble gum’s weight will decrease by
20%.
But Were We…Never say Right or Wrong!!!A hypothesis is never Right or Wrong. A hypothesis is either supported or not
supported.HypothesisTheoryLaw
Right or Wrong can be used here, and only here!!!
MaterialsThe materials used by a scientist that are
necessary to test the hypothesis.The materials are listed clearly and
accurately to help with recreation of the experiment.Bubble GumPaper TowelScale
MethodsThe methods are a description of how to
perform the experiment in the exact way the scientist did.They are detailed so that any one of your
peers could read and repeat the exact experiment.
They are numbered and in complete sentences.You were able to read and repeat the
experiment I had conducted with the Bubble Gum.
ResultsRaw Data!
Graphs and TablesThere is no interpretation of the data
here!!! (No explanation of ‘why?’)Tables and graphs are labeled and titled.
The weight of the gum at each time interval in our table.
ConclusionScientists interpret the data and draw
conclusions from it.The hypothesis is supported or not
supported here.Possible errors are discussed here.What was learned from the experiment is
described here.You should have written your short
conclusions about what you discovered.
______ A scientist goes to the library and reads a number of articles about the
physical properties of solutions.______ A scientist goes to the laboratory and does the following:
1. Fills each of two beakers with 1 liter of fresh water.2. Dissolves 35 grams of table salt in one of the beakers.3. Places both beakers in a freezer at a temperature of -1°C.4. Leaves the beakers in the freezer for 24 hours.
______ A scientist wants to find out why seawater freezes at a lower temperature
than fresh water.______ After 24 hours a scientist examines both beakers. The salt water is
liquid and the fresh water is frozen.______ A scientist who lives in Rhode Island near the ocean shore notices
that the pond in his yard was freezing earlier in the winter than the ocean shore.______ A scientist suggests “Ocean water freezes at a higher temperature
than fresh water does.”______ A scientist gathers and uses:
- two beakers- 1 liter of fresh water- salt- a freezer
______ A scientist discusses and writes down what errors he/she think occurred in
the experiment and what they would do different next time.
VariablesIndependent
- What is changed (by the scientist)
- X-Axis
Dependant- What is measured- Y-Axis
ControlA control is used in an many scientific
experimentsIt is what scientists use to compare their
results toUsed to measure change
Hint!!! Take away the independent variable!