What is Geography???
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Transcript of What is Geography???
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What is Geography???
5 Themes of Geography
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The SuperContinent
Pangaea
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What is Geography?
Geography = the study of people, places and the environment
Geography comes from 2 Greek words “Geo” = Earth “graphy” = Writing
Geography = writing about the Earth
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Two Types of Geography
Physical Geography Location, Landforms
Cultural Geography Human
Characteristics, Regions, Movement
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5 Themes of Geography
1 - LocationGeography helps you think of things
spatiallyWhere they are located and how they got there.
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2 Types of Location
Absolute Location EXACT place on Earth something
can be found using latitude and longitude
Melbourne, Australia = 38N, 145E
Relative Location Location of one place in relation to
another place. Canada is north of the United States Giving directions to your house We use this one the most!!!
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5 Themes of Geography
2 – PlaceChanges over time based on human and
physical characteristics (features)Volcanoes erupt, glaciers move, forests burnPeople build new cities and expand old cities
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2 Types of Place
Physical CharacteristicsClimate (typical weather
over long period)Landforms Bodies of waterPlant/animal life
Human/Cultural CharacteristicsCities, towns,
governments, cultural traditions
Human created features
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5 Themes of Geography
3 – Region
Geographers group places into regions Region = a group of places that
have physical features or human characteristics in common
Geographers compare regions to understand the differences and similarities among them. Geographer interested in
language may group countries based on the language they speak.
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2 Types of RegionsNatural Regions10 natural regions based on a unique
combination of plant/animal life and climate
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2 Types of Regions
Cultural RegionsAn area in the world where many people
share similar beliefs, history, and languages
There may be multiculturalism in one region – but one overall cultural trait (USA)
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5 Themes of Geography
4 – Movement
The movement of people, goods, ideas as well as plants, animals and other physical features.
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Migrate vs. Immigration
Migrate = move from one area to another within a country
Immigration = leave one country and move to another country
People take with them their customs and ideas
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Push – Pull Theory
Push = problems in one place push people out Poverty, overcrowding, lack of jobs, schools, prejudice, war
Pull = better opportunities pull people to a new place Higher standard of living, employment, rights, freedoms,
safety
Irish potato famine (1.5 million in 1840’s-1850’s)
Cubans flee for Florida
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Barriers to MovementNatural barriers can prevent people from migrating
DifficultMountain ranges, canyons,
raging rivers
EasierOceans, lakes, navigable
rivers, flat land
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5 Themes of Geography5 – Human-Environment Interaction
The interaction between the people and their environment
How people affect their environment & how the environment affects people. Can be positive and negative
Planting trees, irrigation = positive Clear-cutting trees = negative
Occurs because humans depend on, adapt to and modify the world around them.
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Human Adaptation
Humans have often adapted their way of life to their environment
What they wear, eat, do to make a living Modern technology has made a close adaptation
to the environment not as necessary
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InteractionPeople and the environment continually interact with each other
Public transportation Less gas consumedLess air pollutionHealthier lives for people