WHAT IS GELLING - Well-Worth ProductsWHAT!IS!GELLING!...

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WHAT IS GELLING Diesel Fuel contains paraffin wax in two forms, liquid wax that is in suspension in the fuel and wax seed crystals that are floating throughout the fuel. In temperatures above the fuels Cloud Point (CP) you can't see wax without a microscope. When fuel reaches its Cloud Point wax in the fuel has begun attaching itself to the wax crystals making them large enough to be seen with the naked eye. This wax will appear as a cloudlike formation floating in the fuel. As the fuel temperature drops the wax crystals continue to get larger and will begin to stick to each other. At this Cold Filter Plug Point (CFPP) or Gel Point the fuel will have difficulty passing through fuel filters. This is the critical point at which it can become difficult or impossible to operate an engine or burner. As the temperature continues to drop the fuel can become a semisolid, this is known as the Pour Point (PP), or the point at which fuel will no longer pour. You can prevent from fuel from gelling in three ways. 1. Keep the fuel temperature above the CFPP or Gel Point, 2. Blend with a fuel such as kerosene that has less wax to spread out the wax and wax crystals 3. Use a Cold Flow Improver or AntiGel to prevent the wax crystals from growing and the wax crystals from sticking together Number one can be difficult if not impossible, number two can be very expensive and with the New Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel is no longer reliable; it can require so much of a special Ultra Low Sulfur Kerosene as to be impractical. Number three can be done reliably and inexpensively and is the best way to deal with these issues. Cold Flow Improvers or Antigel are a copolymer that coats the paraffin wax crystals normally found in all diesel fuels to prevent the wax crystals from getting any larger and to prevent them from sticking to each other (gelling). This antigel material is quite thick and must be blended with solvents to allow it to be mixed properly with fuels. It is important to understand that even antigels blended with solvents will thicken at temperatures below 40°F. Fuel additives containing antigel should be stored above 40°F. If stored below 40°F allow them to warm up before adding them to the fuel. An analogy of what happens to antigel is what happens with coolant antifreeze. By itself, antifreeze will thicken in cold weather to the point of being nearly solid, but when mixed with the correct amount of water it will prevent freezing to 40°F or more.

Transcript of WHAT IS GELLING - Well-Worth ProductsWHAT!IS!GELLING!...

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    WHAT  IS  GELLING  

    Diesel  Fuel  contains  paraffin  wax  in  two  forms,  liquid  wax  that  is  in  suspension  in  the  fuel  and  wax  seed  crystals  that  are  floating  throughout  the  fuel.  In  temperatures  above  the  fuels  Cloud  Point  (CP)  you  can't  see  wax  without  a  microscope.  When  fuel  reaches  its  Cloud  Point  wax  in  the  fuel  has  begun  attaching  itself  to  the  wax  crystals  making  them  large  enough  to  be  seen  with  the  naked  eye.  This  wax  will  appear  as  a  cloud-‐like  formation  floating  in  the  fuel.  

    As  the  fuel  temperature  drops  the  wax  crystals  continue  to  get  larger  and  will  begin  to  stick  to  each  other.  At  this  Cold  Filter  Plug  Point  (CFPP)  or  Gel  Point  the  fuel  will  have  difficulty  passing  through  fuel  filters.  This  is  the  critical  point  at  which  it  can  become  difficult  or  impossible  to  operate  an  engine  or  burner.  

    As  the  temperature  continues  to  drop  the  fuel  can  become  a  semi-‐solid,  this  is  known  as  the  Pour  Point  (PP),  or  the  point  at  which  fuel  will  no  longer  pour.  

    You  can  prevent  from  fuel  from  gelling  in  three  ways.  

    1. Keep  the  fuel  temperature  above  the  CFPP  or  Gel  Point,  

    2. Blend  with  a  fuel  such  as  kerosene  that  has  less  wax  to  spread  out  the  wax  and  wax  crystals  

    3. Use  a  Cold  Flow  Improver  or  Anti-‐Gel  to  prevent  the  wax  crystals  from  growing  and  the  wax  crystals  from  sticking  together  

    Number  one  can  be  difficult  if  not  impossible,  number  two  can  be  very  expensive  and  with  the  New  Ultra  Low  Sulfur  Diesel  is  no  longer  reliable;  it  can  require  so  much  of  a  special  Ultra  Low  Sulfur  Kerosene  as  to  be  impractical.  Number  three  can  be  done  reliably  and  inexpensively  and  is  the  best  way  to  deal  with  these  issues.  

    Cold  Flow  Improvers  or  Anti-‐gel  are  a  co-‐polymer  that  coats  the  paraffin  wax  crystals  normally  found  in  all  diesel  fuels  to  prevent  the  wax  crystals  from  getting  any  larger  and  to  prevent  them  from  sticking  to  each  other  (gelling).  

    This  anti-‐gel  material  is  quite  thick  and  must  be  blended  with  solvents  to  allow  it  to  be  mixed  properly  with  fuels.  It  is  important  to  understand  that  even  anti-‐gels  blended  with  solvents  will  thicken  at  temperatures  below  40°F.  Fuel  additives  containing  anti-‐gel  should  be  stored  above  40°F.  If  stored  below  40°F  allow  them  to  warm  up  before  adding  them  to  the  fuel.  

    An  analogy  of  what  happens  to  anti-‐gel  is  what  happens  with  coolant  antifreeze.  By  itself,  antifreeze  will  thicken  in  cold  weather  to  the  point  of  being  nearly  solid,  but  when  mixed  with  the  correct  amount  of  water  it  will  prevent  freezing  to  -‐40°F  or  more.  

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    Anti-‐Gel's  work  in  a  similar  way,  when  mixed  with  the  correct  amount  of  fuel  they  effectively  prevent  gelling,  lowering  the  gel  point  by  as  much  as  35°F.  

    Another  important  thing  to  remember  about  anti-‐gel  additives  is  that  you  have  to  treat  the  fuel  before  it  begins  to  gel.  Products  such  as  Summit  Fuel  Treatment  are  preventatives  designed  to  prevent  gelling,  once  the  fuel  has  gelled  anti-‐gels  won't  help  you  until  the  fuel  has  thawed.  

    If  someone  tells  you  they  have  an  anti-‐gel  additive  that  does  not  thicken  when  cold  you  should  know  and  understand  that  there  are  two  types  of  additives  that  don't  have  this  problem,  one  doesn't  actually  contain  any  anti-‐gel,  the  other  contains  a  smaller  amount  of  antigel  with  large  amounts  of  alcohol  to  prevent  thickening.  Alcohol  is  about  the  worst  thing  to  put  in  an  additive.  

    What  to  Do!  

    When  you  have  fuel  that  is  gelled,  there  are  only  two  choices.  One  warm  the  fuel  up,  generally  done  by  dragging  the  piece  of  equipment  into  a  garage,  or  two  by  using  a  product  such  as  Ice  Breaker™  to  dissolve  the  wax  and  reliquefy  the  fuel.  

    Ice  Breaker™contains  two  co-‐solvents  to  break  down  waxes  in  diesel  and  glycerin's  in  biodiesel.  Ice  Breaker™  will  also  remove  (disperse)  liquid  and  dissolved  water  in  the  fuel  and  fuel  system.  

    What  NOT  to  Do!  

    Using  gasoline,  ethanol,  isopropyl,  or  methanol  is  dangerous  as  it  lowers  the  Flash  Point  of  the  fuel  and  will  likely  damage  pumps  and  or  injectors.  

    How  to  Use  Ice  Breaker™    

    Remove  filter  and  replace  if  possible  with  a  new  one.  If  you  must  use  the  old  filter  try  to  pour  out  as  much  of  the  ice  or  gelled  fuel  as  possible.  Fill  the  filter  with  50%  Ice  Breaker™  and  50%  diesel  fuel.  (Do  not  fill  with  100%  Ice  Breaker™).  Add  1  quart  of  Ice  Breaker™  per  50  gallons  of  fuel  to  the  fuel  tank(s).  Allow  to  sit  for  20-‐30  minutes,  then  start  engine.  Allow  engine  to  warm  before  driving  or  operating.  

    Use  Summit  Fuel  Treatment™  or  Ice  Breaker™  to  prevent  fuel  from  gelling  in  the  future.  If  you  have  water  in  your  fuel  system,  use  EnerFuel  to  disperse  water.  

    Applies  to:  

    Freeze  Flow,  Summit,  Ice  Breaker