What is Flexible Grouping? UFT Teacher Center Professional Development Linda Hoffman, Literacy...
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Transcript of What is Flexible Grouping? UFT Teacher Center Professional Development Linda Hoffman, Literacy...
What is Flexible Grouping?
UFT Teacher Center Professional Development
Linda Hoffman, Literacy Coach/UFT Teacher Center
What is flexible grouping?The purposeful reordering of students into different kinds of working
groups to ensure that ALL students have opportunities to work:
(1) with a wide variety of classmates in different settings
(2) in a wide variety of learning contexts
(3) with a wide variety of learning activities and experiences
(4) during a relatively short span of classroom time
Student Behaviors for Flexible Grouping
Accept the teacher’s decision to place you in a
particular flexible group
Move around the classroom without causing
disruption
Work at a noise level that does not distract others
Be accountable (Do the work and share it!) to
other members of your group
Cooperate with all members of your group
Stay on task and expect others to do the same
Understand that flexible groups are temporary
Flexible groups …
Are instructionally (not behaviorally) motivated
Are determined by the teacher’s evidence of students’ different learning needs
Are determined by frequent, on-going assessment data
Are used as needed to maximize instructional time
Are changed regularly to match student needs to the task at hand
Flexible groups …
◄ Address appropriate learning goals for small groups
◄ Prescribe specific activities that respond to students’
learning needs
◄ Allow students time in homogeneous groups for skill
building with similar learners
◄ Allow students time in heterogeneous groups to process
and share their thinking about content at various levels
of understanding
One type of flexible group …
Readiness-Based Instructional Grouphomogeneously groupedsame ability levelsimilar problem with a particular
skill/conceptsimilar needs for skill buildingsimilar need for strong teacher supportsimilar need for small-group intensive worksimilar need for additional practice
Another type of flexible group …
Mixed-Ability Instructional Group mixing different ability levels asked to work cooperatively with the same content at different levels of challenge (e.g. assigning different types of questions to answer or different types of evidence with different graphic organizers) utilizing strategies to mix up and match diverse learners tapping into students’ strengths acknowledging all of their contributions to the mixed-ability group
Kinds of Flexible Grouping
Students work with peers with similar readiness (ability) levels – homogeneous grouping
Students work with peers with mixed readiness (ability) levels – heterogeneous grouping
Students work in both kinds of groups at various points in the lesson
Students work with similar peers when there is the need for similar skill building and practice in a homogeneous group
Students work with dissimilar peers when there is the need to draw on multiple approaches to learning, to make each learner
respond as an expert, and to provide opportunities for each student to make and share a significant contribution to the learning of the heterogeneous group
Readiness (Ability) Grouping: Homogeneous
Grouping depends upon finding the appropriate level of challenge (the appropriate entry level) of the student Grouping depends upon taking into account pre-assessment and formative assessment dataGrouping depends upon the teacher knowing the student’s background knowledge and current skill levelThe homogeneous group enables the student to start with what he/she already knows with similar learners and stretch a manageable amount with the right amount of teacher support
Mixed-Ability Grouping: Heterogeneous
Grouping depends upon finding the appropriate level of challenge (the appropriate entry level) of the student
Grouping depends upon taking into account pre-assessment and formative assessment data
Grouping depends upon the teacher knowing the student’s prior knowledge and current understandings and skills
The heterogeneous group enables the student to work with peers having different readiness or abilities
The heterogeneous group draws on multiple approaches, intelligences or perspectives to learningThe heterogeneous group allows each learner respond as
an expert in the mixed-ability groupThe heterogeneous group provides opportunities for each
student to make and share a significant contribution to the learning of the mixed-ability group
Activities for Mixed-Ability Grouping …
Think-Pair-ShareNumbered Heads TogetherJigsaw: Home/Base Groups
and Expert GroupsSocratic SeminarFishbowlLiterature CirclesReQuest StrategyExit Slips/CardsSum it Up!Stop and JotQuick Writes
One Model: How might flexible grouping look in the classroom?
Teacher introduces the learning objective/learning goal/aim Teacher references the standard the lesson will addressStudents are able to say in their own words (paraphrase) what
they think they will be learningTeacher conducts the whole-group mini-lesson/whole-class
teaching point WHOLE CLASS: Teacher works with the whole class to practice together (guided practice) and then assesses to find out who
gets it and who doesn’tSMALL GROUP: IF everyone can work independently, then the teacher could set up flexible mixed-ability small cooperative
groups to engage in further practice through different activities with the same content
WHOLE CLASS: The teacher brings the whole class back together to present their work, discuss, share and summarize the small groups’ learning.
Another Model: How might flexible grouping look in the classroom?
Teacher introduces the learning objective/learning goal/aim Teacher references the standard the lesson will addressStudents are able to say in their own words (paraphrase) what
they think they will be learningTeacher conducts the whole-group mini-lesson/whole-class
teaching point WHOLE CLASS: Teacher works with the whole class to practice
together (guided practice) and then assesses to find out who gets it and who doesn’t
SMALL GROUP: Teacher uses the assessment evidence to flexibly group some students who can work independently in small cooperative groups (These students could be grouped by choice, interest, mixed-abilities or same ability.)
SMALL GROUP: For those students who still need targeted intervention, the teacher flexibly forms a small group of students who need further assistance with skill-building or concept understandings (They didn’t get it, so they need re-teaching, additional practice, review and on-the-spot re-assessment. They are flexibly grouped based on their same need.) Teacher works with the flexible group of targeted students in order to gain evidence that they have mastered the skills or concepts in which they were deficientWHOLE CLASS: The teacher brings the whole class back
together to present their work, discuss, share and summarize the small groups’ learning.
Still another model for flexible grouping …Teacher has taught a lesson or series of lessons
Teacher recognizes that not everyone is on the same level –
that everyone does not have the same depth of knowledge
Teacher decides to use flexible grouping in order to have
TIERED ASSIGNMENTS for the different learners in the class
Teacher decides upon which concept the assignments will
support
Teacher decides what essential understandings will be
evidenced by these assignments
SAME CONCEPT: _____________________________________
Same Essential Understandings:
►________________________
►________________________
Teacher designs THREE different types of assignments for:
Struggling Learners - With Teacher Support Level TASK - Group A
On-Grade Learners - With On-Grade Level TASK - Group B
Advanced Learners - With Challenging TASK - Group C