What is Energy?

Glucose

What is Energy?

–ability to rearrangeMolecules in chemical reactions

–ability to do work

Some definitions:

Major Types of Energy

• Potential = stored

chemical

What types of energy are used by living things?

• Kinetic = motion

mechanical

Glucose

Forms of chemical energy

Glucose

Different forms of stored chemical energy are used in living things

Flow of energy- From Chemical to Kinetic Energy

Energy Transformation

reactants ------------------------> products

Is running an energy gain or

release?

How about digestion?

How is ATP used in the cell?

What is ATP?• Energy “Currency”

used by cells- Take a second to draw the

outlines and label this molecule

So where is all the energy stored?? • The energy that ATP

provides is a result of its 3rd phosphate bond

• This is potential energy.

• Each time the ATP molecule loses its third phosphate bond all of that potential energy is given off to be used in doing work

Recap question: what are some examples of work on cellular level? Other examples?

ATP - ADP Cycle

•ATP is used as energy and its byproduct is ADP

•ADP is brought to ATP Synthase (what type of protein is this?) which adds a Phosphate group forming ATP again

So what do we use ATP for?

Some important examples:1. Synthesis of complex molecules

(proteins, cholesterols, pigments…etc)

2. Sending of nerve signals between neurons ( imagine a stack of domino’s…each signal sent is like flicking them over…setting up requires energy.

3. Contraction of muscle fibers. (flex your bicep…you just used ATP to do that)

Practice Question:

Using the analogy of a battery, what is the relationship between ATP and ADP?

Please get into your lab groups and answer this question on the whiteboards.

For Next Class:Photosynthesis: Some details

Some details:

LightReaction

Dark Reaction

Sunlight

Water Oxygen

Carbon Dioxide

Glucose

ATP NADH