What is a wave? Wave – a disturbance or oscillation that travels from one place to another.
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Transcript of What is a wave? Wave – a disturbance or oscillation that travels from one place to another.
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Waves
Unit 5: Waves
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What is a wave?
•Wave – a disturbance or oscillation that travels from one place to another
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What is a medium?
•Medium – the material through which a wave travels
•When a wave travels through a medium, it transfers energy
Air Water
Earth
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Parts of a Wave•Amplitude (A)– the maximum height a wave rises above or below the surface or equilibrium position; a representation of its energy; measured in meters, [m].
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Parts of a Wave•Wavelength (λ)– the distance from one point on a wave to the same exact point on the next cycle of the wave; measured in meters, [m].
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Parts of a Wave•Period (T)– the time, in seconds, it takes for one full cycle (wavelength) of a wave to pass a point
fT
1
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Parts of a Wave•Frequency (f) – how many full cycles pass a point in one second, measured in units of Hertz [Hz]
Tf
1
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•Equilibrium Position – The resting position of the wave; typically the zero position.
Parts of a Wave
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Graph of a Wave
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Parts of a Wave
•Speed (v)– how fast one wavelength travels in one period of time; measured in meters per second [m/s]
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Two Types of Waves• Mechanical Waves – require a medium to propagate (Can be transverse or longitudinal)• Electromagnetic Waves – do NOT require a medium to propagate (All are transverse)
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•Water waves
•Earthquake/seismic waves
•Sound waves
•Waves that travel down a rope or spring
Types of Mechanical Waves
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•Radio waves•Microwaves•Infrared waves•Visible light•Ultraviolet rays•X-rays•Gamma Radiation
Types of Electromagnetic Waves
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Types of Waves
•Transverse Wave – A mechanical or electromagnetic wave where the oscillations are perpendicular to the direction that the wave moves
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Parts of a Transverse Wave
•Crest – the high point of the wave
•Trough – the low point of the wave
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Types of Waves•Longitudinal Wave – A mechanical wave where the oscillations are parallel to the direction that the wave moves
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Parts of a Longitudinal Wave•Rarefaction – area of a longitudinal wave that is spread out, low pressure•Compression – area of a longitudinal wave that is close together, high pressure