What is a virus? small infectious agent that can replicate only inside the cells of other...

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VIRUSES…IT’S LATIN FOR POISON

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Transcript of What is a virus? small infectious agent that can replicate only inside the cells of other...

Page 1: What is a virus? small infectious agent that can replicate only inside the cells of other organisms. Viruses are too small to be seen directly with.

VIRUSES…IT’S LATIN FOR POISON

Page 2: What is a virus? small infectious agent that can replicate only inside the cells of other organisms. Viruses are too small to be seen directly with.

What is a virus?

small infectious agent that can replicate only inside the cells of other organisms. Viruses are too small to be seen directly with a light microscope.

Page 3: What is a virus? small infectious agent that can replicate only inside the cells of other organisms. Viruses are too small to be seen directly with.

What can all viruses do?

REPRODUCE!!! They can not reproduce on their own Viruses require a HOST cell to infect

and reproduceHOST= another organisms cell

Page 4: What is a virus? small infectious agent that can replicate only inside the cells of other organisms. Viruses are too small to be seen directly with.

What are viruses named after? Named after the disease they cause

Ex: Influenza virus causes the influenza or

the flu Poliomyelitis causes polio Chicken pox virus causes chicken pox

Page 5: What is a virus? small infectious agent that can replicate only inside the cells of other organisms. Viruses are too small to be seen directly with.

What is a virus that infects a bacterium called? Called a

bacteriophage

Page 6: What is a virus? small infectious agent that can replicate only inside the cells of other organisms. Viruses are too small to be seen directly with.

Viral Structure

2 Major Parts Inner Coregenetic info. Viruses have either RNA or DNA as genetic material Outer Core capsid head

Page 7: What is a virus? small infectious agent that can replicate only inside the cells of other organisms. Viruses are too small to be seen directly with.

Viral Replication Cycle

2 Types of Cycles LYSOGENIC and LYTIC Lytic Replication: virus injects genetic

info inside host cell, replicates, and lyses (burst and kills) the host cell as viruses leave the cell particle . ATTACH INJECT SYNTHESIZE LYSE

Lysogenic Replication: viral genetic info becomes incorporated with host cell. Viral genetic info is now replicated every time host cell makes new cell

Page 8: What is a virus? small infectious agent that can replicate only inside the cells of other organisms. Viruses are too small to be seen directly with.

LYTIC CYCLE

Page 9: What is a virus? small infectious agent that can replicate only inside the cells of other organisms. Viruses are too small to be seen directly with.

LYSOGENIC CYCLE

Page 10: What is a virus? small infectious agent that can replicate only inside the cells of other organisms. Viruses are too small to be seen directly with.

Viruses Website

http://leavingbio.net/VIRUSES%20WEBPAGE.htm

http://www.courses.fas.harvard.edu/~biotext/animations/lysogeny.html

http://www.courses.fas.harvard.edu/~biotext/animations/lyticcycle.html

http://leavingbio.net/VIRUSES%20WEBPAGE.htm
http://leavingbio.net/VIRUSES%20WEBPAGE.htm
http://www.courses.fas.harvard.edu/~biotext/animations/lysogeny.html
http://www.courses.fas.harvard.edu/~biotext/animations/lysogeny.html
http://www.courses.fas.harvard.edu/~biotext/animations/lyticcycle.html
http://www.courses.fas.harvard.edu/~biotext/animations/lyticcycle.html
Page 11: What is a virus? small infectious agent that can replicate only inside the cells of other organisms. Viruses are too small to be seen directly with.

PROVIRUS

Viruses that use the lysogenic cycle They incorporate themselves into the

host DNA Can replicate without lyses of the cell Retroviruses are proviruses HIV is an example a provirus

Page 12: What is a virus? small infectious agent that can replicate only inside the cells of other organisms. Viruses are too small to be seen directly with.

Why are retroviruses so different

Takes its genetic information (RNA) and tricks the host manufacture its viral DNA.

Host then replicates its own as well as the retrovirus DNA

Oncogenic viruses will convert normal cells into tumor cells (Oncoviruses, Lentiviruses)

Page 13: What is a virus? small infectious agent that can replicate only inside the cells of other organisms. Viruses are too small to be seen directly with.

First Virus Identified

Tobacco mosaic virus Infected tobacco and other plants Discovered in 1892 by Dmirti

Iwanowsk

Page 14: What is a virus? small infectious agent that can replicate only inside the cells of other organisms. Viruses are too small to be seen directly with.

Where do scientists suggest that viruses come from?

No clear answer Some suggest that they came from

parasites, others say that they were bits of genetic info that separated from a cell

Page 15: What is a virus? small infectious agent that can replicate only inside the cells of other organisms. Viruses are too small to be seen directly with.

Are all viruses bad?

No!!! Viruses are being used for gene

therapy. Take the bad genetic info out of the

virus and replace it with good genes and inject the virus into people that have defective genes.

Vaccinations- weaken or dead viruses are injected into you to promote immunity

Page 16: What is a virus? small infectious agent that can replicate only inside the cells of other organisms. Viruses are too small to be seen directly with.

Diseases that are caused by viruses?

Flu H1N1 Chicken Pox Measles HIV Rabies Small Pox Ebola LOTS MORE!!!!

Page 17: What is a virus? small infectious agent that can replicate only inside the cells of other organisms. Viruses are too small to be seen directly with.

The HIV Virus


replicate 1 replicate 2 replicate 3 replicate 2 replicate 3 ΣCoverag … · 2015. 2. 9. · Abundances soluble Accession. Description: ΣCoverag Σ# Protein Σ# Unique Peptide Σ#

replicate 1 replicate 2 replicate 3 replicate 2 replicate 3 ΣCoverag … · 2015. 2. 9. · Abundances soluble Accession. Description: ΣCoverag Σ# Protein Σ# Unique Peptide Σ#

1 Chap 10 Virus. 2 Viruses and ”Malicious Programs ” Computer “Viruses” and related programs have the ability to replicate themselves on an ever increasing.

1 Chap 10 Virus. 2 Viruses and ”Malicious Programs ” Computer “Viruses” and related programs have the ability to replicate themselves on an ever increasing.

Viruses. General description Viruses is not living organism, as they lack two essential properties of life- they cannot replicate independently, and cannot.

Viruses. General description Viruses is not living organism, as they lack two essential properties of life- they cannot replicate independently, and cannot.

9.1 General Properties of Viruses Virus: genetic element that cannot replicate independently of a living (host) cell Virology: the study of viruses Virus.

9.1 General Properties of Viruses Virus: genetic element that cannot replicate independently of a living (host) cell Virology: the study of viruses Virus.

Viruses. Nonliving particles Very small (1/2 to 1/100 of a bacterial cell) Do not perform respiration, grow, or develop Are able to replicate (only with.

Viruses. Nonliving particles Very small (1/2 to 1/100 of a bacterial cell) Do not perform respiration, grow, or develop Are able to replicate (only with.

Viruses and viral proteinsjournals.iucr.org/m/issues/2014/06/00/tj5005/tj5005.pdfHowever, some of the plant viruses have been shown to enter and replicate within yeast cells and also

Viruses and viral proteinsjournals.iucr.org/m/issues/2014/06/00/tj5005/tj5005.pdfHowever, some of the plant viruses have been shown to enter and replicate within yeast cells and also

3. Gastrointestinal Route Aka “alimentary” or “fecal-oral” Viruses replicate in intestine Spread to new hosts through contaminated food or water.

3. Gastrointestinal Route Aka “alimentary” or “fecal-oral” Viruses replicate in intestine Spread to new hosts through contaminated food or water.

Viruses VIRUSES Viruses are small packages of genes · PDF fileVIRUSES Viruses measured in nanometers ... Require electron microscopy. Viruses are small packages of genes Consist of

Viruses VIRUSES Viruses are small packages of genes · PDF fileVIRUSES Viruses measured in nanometers ... Require electron microscopy. Viruses are small packages of genes Consist of

Viruses Viruses are very small Anatomy of a Virus.

Viruses Viruses are very small Anatomy of a Virus.

VIRUSES & DESTRUCTIVE PROGRAMS. COMPUTER VIRUS A computer virus is a computer program that can replicate itself and spread from one computer to another.

VIRUSES & DESTRUCTIVE PROGRAMS. COMPUTER VIRUS A computer virus is a computer program that can replicate itself and spread from one computer to another.

Viruses VIRUSES Viruses are small packages of genes€¦ · VIRUSES Viruses measured in nanometers (nm). Require electron microscopy. Viruses are small packages of genes Consist of

Viruses VIRUSES Viruses are small packages of genes€¦ · VIRUSES Viruses measured in nanometers (nm). Require electron microscopy. Viruses are small packages of genes Consist of

Antiviral Agents. Understanding Viruses Viral Replication A virus cannot replicate on its own. A virus cannot replicate on its own. It must attach to.

Antiviral Agents. Understanding Viruses Viral Replication A virus cannot replicate on its own. A virus cannot replicate on its own. It must attach to.

computingnow - UPtraining.up.nic.in/coursematerial/imp_url_imortant_topics.pdf · 9/13/2016  · on your computer. Viruses can also replicate themselves. A computer Virus is more

computingnow - UPtraining.up.nic.in/coursematerial/imp_url_imortant_topics.pdf · 9/13/2016  · on your computer. Viruses can also replicate themselves. A computer Virus is more

HIV and Viruses Lucy Stacey Christella. Viruses Obligate parasites of living cells Can’t replicate without living host cell Due to RNApol, ribosomes,

HIV and Viruses Lucy Stacey Christella. Viruses Obligate parasites of living cells Can’t replicate without living host cell Due to RNApol, ribosomes,

Viruses. What is a virus? Defined by their inability to replicate/multiply without utilizing a host cells reproductive mechanisms. Only contain ONE.

Viruses. What is a virus? Defined by their inability to replicate/multiply without utilizing a host cells reproductive mechanisms. Only contain ONE.

1 Small, intermediate DNA viruses Cell, tissue and host tropism of viruses : disease Immune evasion by viruses Emerging viral diseases Viruses as prophylactics.

1 Small, intermediate DNA viruses Cell, tissue and host tropism of viruses : disease Immune evasion by viruses Emerging viral diseases Viruses as prophylactics.

Viruses Very small Nucleic Acids (DNA or RNA) Some have phospholipid bilayer Protein Coat covering Nucleic Acids Receptors in protein coat Cannot self-replicate……so.

Viruses Very small Nucleic Acids (DNA or RNA) Some have phospholipid bilayer Protein Coat covering Nucleic Acids Receptors in protein coat Cannot self-replicate……so.

Six RNA Viruses and Forty-One Hosts: Viral Small RNAs and ...kaylab.stanford.edu/manuscripts/plos-parameswaran.pdf · Six RNA Viruses and Forty-One Hosts: Viral Small RNAs and Modulation

Six RNA Viruses and Forty-One Hosts: Viral Small RNAs and ...kaylab.stanford.edu/manuscripts/plos-parameswaran.pdf · Six RNA Viruses and Forty-One Hosts: Viral Small RNAs and Modulation

Viruses Viral Structure Growing (Cultivating) Bacteriophage Life Cycles Obligate Intracellular Parasites: Require living host cell in order to replicate.

Viruses Viral Structure Growing (Cultivating) Bacteriophage Life Cycles Obligate Intracellular Parasites: Require living host cell in order to replicate.

Papilloma viruses & Polyoma viruses. Human Papilloma viruses (HPV) DNA virus, double strand, circular, Icosahedral nucleocapsid, small size (45-55nm).

Papilloma viruses & Polyoma viruses. Human Papilloma viruses (HPV) DNA virus, double strand, circular, Icosahedral nucleocapsid, small size (45-55nm).