What is a Computer ?

What is the application of computer in Our Daily Life ?

What is the application of computer in Teaching Field?

What is a Computer ? A Computer is an electronic device that can

perform - Mathematical Operation. Logical Operation. Graphical Operation.

COMPUTER

Speaker

System Unit

Monitor

MouseKeyboard

What is the application of computer in Our Daily Life ?Computers are widely used in several fields, such as –

Education Communication Entertainment Banking Railway Business Medicine Weather Forecasting Scientific Research

Basic Concept of Computer

Data Processing Meaningful Information

(Raw Material)

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

Computer system

Hardware Software User

What is Hardware ? All electronic parts of computer that we can

touch and feel are called hardware. Such as-

Keyboard

Mouse

Monitor

Printer

What is Software ? The set of instruction is called a program and

a set of interlinked program is called software. Such as-

Ms Power Point Ms Word Ms Excel Ms Paint

What is a User ? A person who uses computer is called a

user.

Keyboard Motherboard Monitor Floppy DiskMouse CPU Printer CDScanner Video Card Speaker DVDMicrophone Sound Card Hard DiskWeb Camera Pen

Drive

HARDWARE

INPUT DEVICE PROCESS DEVICE OUTPUT DEVICES MEMORY DEVICES

INPUT DEVICESDevices used to provide data and instructions to the computer are called input devices. Such as –

Keyboard MouseScanner Microphone Web Camera

Keyboard The keyboard is used for typing text into the

computer. Keyboard inputs data like letters, numbers and symbols etc. It is also known as the standard input device.

Mouse A mouse is a Pointing device. It is used to

point to and select option displayed on the monitor. It is also used to create images, graphics and pictures etc.

Scanner A scanner is used to make an exact copy of

a picture or a photograph.

MicrophoneMicrophone A microphone is a device used to record sound. A microphone is a device used to record sound.

Microphone converts sound waves into audio Microphone converts sound waves into audio waves.waves.

Web Camera A web camera is device capable of converting

visual into digital form. It inputs data like still picture and motion picture.

Process Devices Process device is responsible for all the

processing required to convert the input data into required output.

Motherboard The system unit contains a large board that

has a number of electronic circuits and other components. It is known as the motherboard. It’s also known as PCB (Printed Circuit Board). It contains pre defined slots and circuits which can be used to connect one component to another component.

There are Two Parts of CPU

CU is responsible for ALU is responsiblecontrolling all hardware for all arithmeticoperations. and logical operations

CPU

CU(Control Unit)

ALU(Arithmetic & Logical Unit)

Sound Card A sound card enables the computer to record

sound through a microphone, manipulate sound stored on a disk and output the sound through speakers.

Output Devices Any device that is capable of representing

information on a computer is called an output device.

There are two type output devices

Monitor Printer Speaker

Output Devices

Softcopy Output Devices Hardcopy Output Devices

Monitor A monitor is used to display information from

the computer. The monitor displays text and graphics.

Speaker Speakers are used to play sound. Speakers allows

you to listen to music and hear sound effects using your computer.

Printer Printer is used to processed data from a

computer onto paper. Printer is Hardcopy output device.

Memory A computer stores a variety of data and

information in it’s memory.

There are two types of memory

Memory

Primary Memory Secondary Memory

Ram(Random Access Memory)

Rom(Read Only Memory)

Primary Memory Primary memory is the main memory. It

stores data and instructions for processing. It also stores the output data temporarily before it is sent to an appropriate output device. Primary storage or main memory is volatile. This means that the contents in memory will be lost when the computer is turned off.

RamStorage area used for temporarily holding programs and data for processing. Data Stored is lost the moment the power supply is turned off.

Rom Storage area used for holding instructions

needed for starting a computer. These instructions are stored permanently. They cannot be erased or modified. Information stored is not lost even after the computer is turned off.

Secondary Memory Secondary memory store data and

information Permanently. Secondary memory have a large capacity to store programs and user data.

There are Secondary Memory Devices

Floppy Disk Compact Disk Digital Video Disk Hard Disk Pen Drive

Floppy Disk A Floppy disk is a portable storage medium that can

store a small amount of data. The storage capacity of a floppy disk is usually 1.44 MB. One disadvantage of a floppy disk is that t is to damage by heat, dust and magnetic fields. The Floppy Disk Drive is used to read form and write to a floppy disk.

Compact Disk Compact disk storage capacity of 650 MB or

700 MB. Which is also the reason why large software programs usually come with an installation CD. The CD- ROM Drive is used to read from a CD.

Digital Video Disk A DVD Drive is an Storage Device used to read from a

DVD ROM, Although DVD drive are also able to read CD. A DVD-Rom is similar to a CD-ROM. DVDs that can store up to 17 GB are also available. Because of their capacity. DVDs are generally used to store very large multimedia presentations and movies that combine high quality sound and graphics.

Pen Drive Pen drive storage device .It can hold data

ranging from 4 GB to 8 GB. It’s Portable storage device.

Hard Disk A hard disk storage capacity of Terabytes.

typically have a capacity of less then 80 Gigabytes.

Unit Information Kilobytes, megabytes, gigabytes and terabytes are

units form measuring the capacity of a storage device.

8 Bits = 1 Byte 1024 Bytes = 1 Kilobyte (KB) 1024 KB = 1 Megabyte (MB) 1024 MB = 1 Gigabyte (GB) 1024 GB = 1 Terabyte (TB)

Block Diagram of Computer

CU

ALU

Input UnitMemory(RAM)

Output UnitData Result