What Fertilizer Should I Use? Bob Stevens Extension Soil Scientist WSU- Prosser [email protected].
-
Upload
donald-summers -
Category
Documents
-
view
219 -
download
1
Transcript of What Fertilizer Should I Use? Bob Stevens Extension Soil Scientist WSU- Prosser [email protected].
![Page 2: What Fertilizer Should I Use? Bob Stevens Extension Soil Scientist WSU- Prosser stevensr@wsu.edu.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e255503460f94b14211/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
What Fertilizer Should I Use?
Well that depends!!!!!!!!!!
![Page 3: What Fertilizer Should I Use? Bob Stevens Extension Soil Scientist WSU- Prosser stevensr@wsu.edu.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e255503460f94b14211/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Starting Points
• You have determined what plant nutrient your vines need.
![Page 4: What Fertilizer Should I Use? Bob Stevens Extension Soil Scientist WSU- Prosser stevensr@wsu.edu.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e255503460f94b14211/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Starting Points
• You have determined what plant nutrient your vines need.
• Once in the plant where it is needed ions from all sources are “equal”.
![Page 5: What Fertilizer Should I Use? Bob Stevens Extension Soil Scientist WSU- Prosser stevensr@wsu.edu.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e255503460f94b14211/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Starting Points
• You have determined what plant nutrient your vines need.
• Once in the plant part where needed ions from all sources are “equal”.
• Goal in selection of WHAT is to have nutrients in adequate “concentration” at the “plant part” at the “right” time.
![Page 6: What Fertilizer Should I Use? Bob Stevens Extension Soil Scientist WSU- Prosser stevensr@wsu.edu.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e255503460f94b14211/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
The How & the When Affects the What
![Page 7: What Fertilizer Should I Use? Bob Stevens Extension Soil Scientist WSU- Prosser stevensr@wsu.edu.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e255503460f94b14211/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
The How & the When Affects the What
• How Soil application Water application – drip Foliar spray
![Page 8: What Fertilizer Should I Use? Bob Stevens Extension Soil Scientist WSU- Prosser stevensr@wsu.edu.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e255503460f94b14211/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
The How & the When Affects the What
• When Planning for future crop needs
• Soil test & plant analysis• Crop & management history
Responding to “real & perceived” needs• Growth patterns• Visual symptoms• In-season plant analysis
![Page 9: What Fertilizer Should I Use? Bob Stevens Extension Soil Scientist WSU- Prosser stevensr@wsu.edu.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e255503460f94b14211/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
The How and the When Affects the What
• The bottom line is “time from application to plant availability”.
![Page 10: What Fertilizer Should I Use? Bob Stevens Extension Soil Scientist WSU- Prosser stevensr@wsu.edu.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e255503460f94b14211/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Organic
Vineyard
Conventional Other
![Page 11: What Fertilizer Should I Use? Bob Stevens Extension Soil Scientist WSU- Prosser stevensr@wsu.edu.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e255503460f94b14211/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Organic
Vineyard
Conventional Other
Soil Maintenance
PlantResponse
![Page 12: What Fertilizer Should I Use? Bob Stevens Extension Soil Scientist WSU- Prosser stevensr@wsu.edu.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e255503460f94b14211/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Conventional Vineyards
• Drip Irrigation Product solubility Product compatibility with irrigation water
• pH• Salts• Specific ion concentration (Ca++, HCO3
- )
![Page 13: What Fertilizer Should I Use? Bob Stevens Extension Soil Scientist WSU- Prosser stevensr@wsu.edu.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e255503460f94b14211/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
![Page 14: What Fertilizer Should I Use? Bob Stevens Extension Soil Scientist WSU- Prosser stevensr@wsu.edu.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e255503460f94b14211/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Conventional Vineyard
• Soil applied inorganic sources Product reaction with soil chemistry Application method
• Broadcast Area covered Incorporation
• Band
![Page 15: What Fertilizer Should I Use? Bob Stevens Extension Soil Scientist WSU- Prosser stevensr@wsu.edu.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e255503460f94b14211/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Organic Vineyards
“Must meet organic certification criteria”
![Page 16: What Fertilizer Should I Use? Bob Stevens Extension Soil Scientist WSU- Prosser stevensr@wsu.edu.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e255503460f94b14211/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Organic Sources
• Crop residues (cover crops)
• Manures
• Compost
• Other sources
![Page 17: What Fertilizer Should I Use? Bob Stevens Extension Soil Scientist WSU- Prosser stevensr@wsu.edu.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e255503460f94b14211/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Organic Sources What’s Available
• Quality Nutrient value C:N ratio Maturity of compost Type of manure
• Transportation costs
![Page 18: What Fertilizer Should I Use? Bob Stevens Extension Soil Scientist WSU- Prosser stevensr@wsu.edu.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e255503460f94b14211/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
5/13/03
![Page 19: What Fertilizer Should I Use? Bob Stevens Extension Soil Scientist WSU- Prosser stevensr@wsu.edu.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e255503460f94b14211/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
5/13/03
52 lbs N/Ac incorporated with clover tops
![Page 20: What Fertilizer Should I Use? Bob Stevens Extension Soil Scientist WSU- Prosser stevensr@wsu.edu.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e255503460f94b14211/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
C:N Ratio of Cover Crops
Cover Crop
Small grain
Vetch
Clover
C:N Ratio
Research Commercial
32 29
13 16
17 20
K Bair
![Page 21: What Fertilizer Should I Use? Bob Stevens Extension Soil Scientist WSU- Prosser stevensr@wsu.edu.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e255503460f94b14211/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Organic Sources Nutrient Availability
• Distribution
• Soil contact
• Soil Microbial activity Warm soil Moist soil
![Page 22: What Fertilizer Should I Use? Bob Stevens Extension Soil Scientist WSU- Prosser stevensr@wsu.edu.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e255503460f94b14211/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
2005 Soil Test NO3-N Research Vineyard (0-6")
Date
May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov
mg
kg-1
NO
3-N
0
10
20
30
40 FertilizerControlFall VetchFall CloverF
ull
Blo
om
Ve
rais
on
![Page 23: What Fertilizer Should I Use? Bob Stevens Extension Soil Scientist WSU- Prosser stevensr@wsu.edu.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e255503460f94b14211/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
2005 Soil Test NO3-N Commercial Vineyard (0-6")
Date
Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov
mg
kg-1
NO
3-N
0
10
20
30
40 Spring VetchFall VetchVetch Half/HalfSpring CloverFall CloverBloodmeal
Full
Blo
om
Vera
ison
![Page 24: What Fertilizer Should I Use? Bob Stevens Extension Soil Scientist WSU- Prosser stevensr@wsu.edu.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e255503460f94b14211/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
R2 = 0.9134
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
19 20 21 22 23 24
Temperature (oC)
pp
m N
O3-
N
Soil NO3-N vs. Temperature
![Page 25: What Fertilizer Should I Use? Bob Stevens Extension Soil Scientist WSU- Prosser stevensr@wsu.edu.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e255503460f94b14211/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
All Compost is not created
“equal”
![Page 26: What Fertilizer Should I Use? Bob Stevens Extension Soil Scientist WSU- Prosser stevensr@wsu.edu.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e255503460f94b14211/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Compost Considerations
• Changes in composted material will impact final compost quality
• Compost analysis may change over time
• More mature compost slower N release
![Page 27: What Fertilizer Should I Use? Bob Stevens Extension Soil Scientist WSU- Prosser stevensr@wsu.edu.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e255503460f94b14211/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Vineyard Nutrient Management Challenges
• Deficit Irrigation Where is the nutrient? Where is the water?
• Dry Spring soil moisture
![Page 28: What Fertilizer Should I Use? Bob Stevens Extension Soil Scientist WSU- Prosser stevensr@wsu.edu.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e255503460f94b14211/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Nutrient Source Management
• Have a PLAN
• Monitor the results Site specific
• Make adjustments gradually over time
![Page 29: What Fertilizer Should I Use? Bob Stevens Extension Soil Scientist WSU- Prosser stevensr@wsu.edu.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e255503460f94b14211/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Nutrient Source Management
• Have a PLAN
• Monitor the results Site specific
• Make adjustments gradually over time
• Sustainable practices maintain soil quality and optimize vineyard management goals.
![Page 30: What Fertilizer Should I Use? Bob Stevens Extension Soil Scientist WSU- Prosser stevensr@wsu.edu.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e255503460f94b14211/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
N
P
KCa
B
Mg
S
Cu
Mo
Mn
Zn
Fe
Cl
![Page 31: What Fertilizer Should I Use? Bob Stevens Extension Soil Scientist WSU- Prosser stevensr@wsu.edu.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649e255503460f94b14211/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)