What does this algorithm print? - Tarleton State University...Not copyright infringement, because,...
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What does this algorithm print?
Transcript of What does this algorithm print? - Tarleton State University...Not copyright infringement, because,...
What does this algorithm
print?
Academic Integrity
• Plagiarism
• Ghostwriting
• Fabrication
• Copyright infringement
• Other forms of cheating
Can you think of:
• A case that is both plagiarism and copyright infr.?
• A case of plagiarism that is not copyright infr.?
• A case of copyright infr. that is not plagiarism?
• Plagiarism
• Ghostwriting
• Fabrication
• Copyright infringement
• Other forms of cheating
plagiarismcopyright
infringement
• A case that is both plagiarism and copyright infr.:
Copying text from an existing published book (the publisher holds the copyright) into my own book, without permission or acknowledgement.
Read for next time:
• Computer Security textbook plagiarism epidemic
• Stealing self-published books
(links also on our webpage)
• A case of plagiarism that is not copyright infr.?
Copying text from a book that’s in the public domain (it has no copyright) into my own book, without permission or acknowledgement.
All copyrights eventually expire.See, for instance Project Gutenberg.
• A case of copyright infr. that is not plagiarism?
Copying a lot of text from an existing published book (the publisher holds the copyright) into my own book, while acknowledging the source.
Quoting short phrases or paragraphs is OK, as it falls under fair use.
Read for next time: What is fair use?(link also on our webpage)
Source: https://xkcd.com/518/
Cheating is “in the eye of the beholder”?
Example:
On a test, you have to convert 42 into binary.
Is it OK to use the Windows calculator?
Cheating is “in the eye of the beholder”?
Example:
On a test, you have to convert 42 into binary.
Is it OK to use the Windows calculator?
Answer: It depends what class you’re in … but if you do it, you have to say so in your solution!
Not in any CS freshman class, unless specifically instructed to do so!
Example:
Your homework in COSC 2341 requires to write a program in C++ to insert numbers in a binary tree.
You go to Wikipedia, find a program,
rename the variables, and present it
as your own.
Example:
Your homework in COSC 2341 requires to write a program in C++ to insert numbers in a binary tree.
You go to Wikipedia, find a program,
rename the variables, and present it
as your own.
• Plagiarism? YES• Copyright infringement? NO
Example:
In COSC 1302, you’re assigned an end-of-chapter problem from the Computer Science Illuminated text.
You “google” the problem number, find the solution from the Instructor’s Manual, and present it as your own.
Posting any copyrighted material online w/o permission is illegal!
Cheating is “in the eye of the beholder”?
Example:
Your homework in COSC 2341 requires to write a program in C++ to insert numbers in a binary tree.
You go to Wikipedia, find a program,
rename the variables, and present it
as your own.
“If it involves technology, it’s not cheating”?
A. You bring a memory sheet to an exam (for which memory sheets are not explicitly allowed by the instructor)
B. You secretly store formulas in the memory of your calculator (calculators are allowed, but memory sheets are not)
Involuntary Plagiarism““Often, I will see freshmen quote the president of the United States in a [local story],” Swartzlander said. “I’ll turn to the writer to ask: ‘When did you interview the president?’ They’ll often give me a blank look and say they saw the interview on TV and quoted from it.””
Source: 10 ways to prevent plagiarism, fabrication at college newspapers (and in any newsroom) by Mallary Jean Tenorehttp://www.poynter.org/how-tos/digital-strategies/190754/10-ways-to-prevent-plagiarism-fabrication-at-college-newspapers-and-in-any-newsroom/
Answer:Not plagiarism, because the source is acknowledged.Not copyright infringement, because, although the work is copyrighted, this is fair use:• Quoting a relatively short paragraph for purpose of illustration• Non-profit educational use
Better safe than sorry:
When in doubt, ask the instructor!
Other forms of cheating
• Paraphrasing (w/o acknowledging the source)
• “Secondary sources” plagiarism
• Presenting someone else’s ideas as your own
Oh, irony!
Reading activity
• Read the “Google vs. Oracle” article linked on our webpage.
• Answer the questions on the next page
• What is an API?
• How many of Oracle’s APIs did Google use?
• What was Google’s product? What was Oracle’s product?
• What was the original company that developed Java?
• Was Oracle involved in smartphone technology?
Flipping bits
a.k.a.
Error detection (and correction)
7-bit ASCII Character Set
23
Source: Computer Science Illuminated 5th edition, by N. Dale and J. Lewis
• Let’s consider the character 'A' , whose ASCII code is …
• Let’s consider the character 'A' , whose ASCII code is 65
• Convert 65 to unsigned binary (7 bits): …
• Let’s consider the character 'A' , whose ASCII code is 65
• Convert 65 to unsigned binary (7 bits): 100 0001
• Now let’s add an 8th bit to complete the Byte: 100 0001?
• Let’s consider the character 'A' , whose ASCII code is 65
• Convert 65 to unsigned binary (7 bits): 100 0001
• Now let’s add an 8th bit to complete the Byte: 100 0001
• In the hardware, all bits need to have of value of either 0 or 1 – what to do?
?
100 0001
Solution: Fill in that value which makes the total # of ones even (a.k.a. even parity)
0
Practice:
Fill in the 8th bit to obtain even parity
100 0001
100 0010
100 0011
011 1011
Practice:
The following 8th bit codes have been recovered from a broken disk. Which ones are correct?
1011 0001
1100 0010
0011 0011
0111 1111
Practice:
The following 8th bit codes have been recovered from a broken disk. Which ones are correct?
1011 0001
1100 0010
0011 0011
0111 1111
In these incorrect codes, can we tell
which bit was changed?
Practice:
The following 8th bit codes have been recovered from a broken disk. Which ones are correct?
1011 0001
1100 0010
0011 0011
0111 1111
Can we be absolutely sure that these codes have no
errors?
Conclusions
One-bit parity codes:
• Detect any isolated errors
• Detect any odd # of errors
• Cannot detect any even # of errors
• Cannot correct any # of errors
Row and column parity
Image source: http://intronetworks.cs.luc.edu/current/html/packets.html
Row and column parity
Image source: http://intronetworks.cs.luc.edu/current/html/packets.html
Why do we need this bit?
Your turn!
Fill in the parity bits for this matrix:
Your turn!
Fill in the parity bits for this matrix:
Your turn!
Find and correct the error in this matrix:
Your turn!
Find and correct the error in this matrix:
This bit is corrected to 1
