WHAT CAN TALIS TELL US?

© 2014 Linda Darling-Hammond

493

483

474

487 481

499

491 489

502

497

504

495 498

502 498

400

420

440

460

480

500

520

540

2000 2003 2006 2009 2012

US Trends on PISA, 2000-2012

Math

Science

Reading

© 2014 Linda Darling-Hammond

EQUITY IN RESOURCE ALLOCATION IS ASSOCIATED WITH ACHIEVEMENT

© 2014 Linda Darling-Hammond

U.S. TEACHERS ARE THE MOST LIKELY TO WORK IN HIGH-POVERTY SCHOOLS

64%

20%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

% of Teachers working in schools with more than 30% of students from socioeconomically disadvantaged homes

© 2014 Linda Darling-Hammond

THE U.S. HAS LARGER SCHOOLS WITH FEWER TEACHERS

Average TALIS School (546 students, 45 teachers)

Average U.S. School (567 students, 38 teachers)

© 2014 Linda Darling-Hammond

US TEACHERS TEACH LARGER CLASSES

27

24

10

12

14

16

18

20

22

24

26

28

30

© 2014 Linda Darling-Hammond

U.S. TEACHERS TEACH THE MOST INSTRUCTIONAL HOURS

27

19

15

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

United States Chile

Alberta (Canada) Brazil

Mexico Abu Dhabi (United Arab Emirates)

Estonia Portugal

Finland Slovak Republic

England (United Kingdom) Croatia

Average Latvia

Flanders (Belgium) Iceland

Denmark Korea Spain

Poland France

Australia Bulgaria

Serbia Israel

Czech Republic Japan

Sweden Italy

Singapore Malaysia

Netherlands Cyprus4,5 Romania Norway

Hours spent on teaching

© 2014 Linda Darling-Hammond

… AND WORK MORE HOURS OVERALL THAN TEACHERS ELSEWHERE

27

45

19

38

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

30.0

35.0

40.0

45.0

50.0

Hours spent on teaching Total working hours

Teachers' total working and teaching time

United States Average

US TEACHERS HAVE FAR LESS PLANNING TIME

13

16

22

30

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

Chile Finland

United States Mexico

Brazil Israel

Alberta (Canada) Italy

Poland Netherlands

Flanders (Belgium) Estonia Latvia Spain

Abu Dhabi (United Arab Emirates) Average Malaysia

Slovak Republic Iceland Sweden Australia

England (United Kingdom) France

Portugal Korea

Denmark Serbia

Norway Bulgaria

Cyprus4,5 Czech Republic

Singapore Japan

Romania Croatia

Planning minutes per teaching hour

LESS TIME FOR PLANNING, TEAMWORK, AND GRADING: MORE TIME FOR “OTHER TASKS”

41.5%

15.2%

6.2%

10.5%

4.7%

3.4%

6.3%

3.4% 4.5%

4.4%

Teachers' time OECD average

Teaching

Individual lesson planning

Team work and dialogue with colleagues Grading student work

Student counselling

School management

Administrative work

Communication with parents

Extracurricular activities

All other tasks

43.7%

11.8% 4.8%

8.0%

3.9%

2.6%

5.4%

2.6%

5.9%

11.4%

Teachers' time United States

© 2014 Linda Darling-Hammond

US TEACHERS EXPERIENCE LESS HELPFUL …

•  Feedback -- More from principals -- Less from peers -- Different kinds of data, especially from tests

• Professional Development

-- Over last decade, less sustained over time, and less collaborative

Source: Schools and Staff Surveys

© 2014 Linda Darling-Hammond

COLLABORATION INCREASES TEACHER EFFICACY

© 2014 Linda Darling-Hammond