What are your rights over your remains?
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Transcript of What are your rights over your remains?
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What are your rights over your remains?Revised November 2009
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Authors Marsha A. Goetting
Extension Family Economics Specialist
Jane WoleryTeton County Extension Agent
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PowerPoint Presentation
Keri D. Hayes•MSU Publications Assistant
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How many Montanans died in 2008?
1.15,2482.13,1463. 8,5704. 6,238
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Montanans Died in 2008
8,570
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Scenario Prior to Margaret’s death:
•Verbally informed her four children she wished to be cremated
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Children DisagreedMargaret’s Daughter • Do “as Mom wished”
Her sons•Absolutely not
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Majority Rule
Mortuary had to follow direction of:•Majority of children
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What percent of Americans were cremated in 2007?
1. 85%2. 75%3. 65%4. 55%5. 45%6. 35%
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Percent of Americans cremated in 2007?
35%
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What percent of Montanans were cremated in 2007?
1. 85%2. 76%3. 61%4. 50%5. 32%6. 21%
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Percent of Montanans cremated in 2007?
61%
National Funeral Directors Association
www.nfda.org
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2009 Montana Right of Disposition ActMontanans now have legal control over their remains after death
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Requirements18 years of age or older
Sound mind
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Methods for providing disposition directions
1. Prepaid funeral contract2. Written disposition
direction3. Signed affidavit 4. Videotaped disposition
direction
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Prepaid Funeral Contract
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Two Types of Contracts
•Funeral Trust •Funeral
Insurance Policy
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Prepaid Funeral Contract
• With a licensed mortuary:• Promises to provide
services as specified in contract
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Proceeds
•Mortuary named as beneficiary
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Written Instrument
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Written Instrument
• Contains disposition directions:TypedHandwrittenComputer generated
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Written Instrument
•Signed by person & 2 witnesses18 years of ageSound mind
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Instrument Examples
• Will• Letter of Last
Instruction• Trust Document• Advance Directives
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Concern about will• Must wait 5 days to
submit a will for probate
• Will must be declared valid by district judge
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Affidavit
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Affidavit• Authorization for
person to control disposition of remains
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Example Affidavit• Provided by statute
& in MontGuide•Must be signed
before a notary public
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Statute wording• I ___ do hereby
designate ____ with the right to control the disposition of my remains upon my death…….
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Statute wording (con’d)• I have_ or have not__
attached specific directions concerning the disposition of my remains with which the designee shall substantially comply, provided the directions are lawful and there are sufficient resources in my estate to carry out the directions.
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Jeff • Wants wife to
make decision:• Wrote an affidavit• Signed before notary
public
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Videotaped Disposition Direction
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Video• Written confirmation
• Signed by two witnesses 18 years of age Sound mind
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John• Asked friend to
videotape him explaining his wishes:
•Cremation•Celebration of Life at Ranch
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Witnesses • John’s two close
friends were present:
• Each dated & signed written confirmation of video tape
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How many crematories are in Montana?
1. 142. 313. 554. 755.1006.230
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Crematories in Montana
31
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What if a disposition direction does not exist?
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Authority passes to survivors in order of priority1. Spouse2. Children3. Parents4. Siblings
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Priority Order (con’d.)
5. Grandparents6. Guardian appointed by
court7. Personal
Representative
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Can right of disposition be lost? Yes, 4 circumstances
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1. Does not exercise right within:
• 2 days after notification of death
• 3 days after deceased deathwhichever is earlier
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2. Petition of divorce
Existed at time of decedent’s death
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3. Estranged from decedent
Physical/ emotional separation
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4. Deliberate or negligent homicide
Right is reinstated if charges are dropped
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Disputes among those sharing right of disposition
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IF people with same relationship to decedent
• Cannot make a decision by majority voteFile an Order of
Disposition with District Court
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Order of Disposition
• District Judge determines Who has authority to
make decisions about deceased’s remains
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Factors in statute
• District JudgeConsiders 6 factors in making determination
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Making a Determination
1. Reasonableness & practicality of funeral arrangements
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Making a Determination
2. Degree of the personal relationship between deceased & persons claiming right of disposition
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Making a Determination
3.Desires of person(s) paying for funeral costs
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Making a Determination
4. Convenience & needs of other family & friends
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Making a Determination
5. Desires of deceased
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Making a Determination
6. What arrangements would allow maximum participation by all parties
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Mortician Responsibilities
• If there is a dispute, not liable for:•Refusing to accept
the remains
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Mortician•May file Order
of DispositionBill may include
legal fees & court costs
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Mortician not required
To contact or investigate the existence of:Next of KinRelatives
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Not subject to criminal or civil liability
• Carrying out the disposition of remains according to instructions under right of disposition
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Until order of disposition is received by court, mortician should not:
•Dispose of remains•Complete funeral
arrangements
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Retaining Remains While in Dispute
• Mortician may embalm or refrigerate remains Cost may be added to final disposition
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Completing Disposition
• Mortician must have:•Final disposition signed by disputing parties
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SummaryMontanans now have legal control over their remains after death
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Methods for providing disposition directions
1. Prepaid funeral contract2. Written disposition
direction3. Signed affidavit 4. Videotaped disposition
direction
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Further Information• Montana Board of
Funeral Service•406-841-2393
• www.mt.gov/dli/fnr
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Further Information• Montana Funeral
Directors Association•406-449-7244
• www.mfda.net
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Further Information
• AARP Fulfillment•1-888-687-2277
• www.aarp.org
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Further Information• Federal Trade Commission
• Funerals: A Consumer Guide
• Paying Final Respects• Pre-Planning Funerals
• www.ftc.gov
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Further Information• MSU Extension
Publication: Cremation• www.msuextension.org
Search “Cremation”
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Reviewers• Montana Board of
Funeral Service• Montana Funeral
Directors Association
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Reviewers con’d.• Business, Estates,
Taxes & Trusts & Real Property SectionState Bar of Montana
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Reviewers con’d.• MorticiansTeton, Fergus,
& Liberty Counties• ClienteleTeton, Gallatin, &
Missoula Counties
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What are your rights over your remains?
Questions ?????