What are the key features of fungi? • Classification ...wou.edu/~guralnl/101Fungi.pdf · Key...
Transcript of What are the key features of fungi? • Classification ...wou.edu/~guralnl/101Fungi.pdf · Key...
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Fungi• What are the key
features of fungi?• Classification• Fungi & the
environment
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Key Features• Not closely related to
plants.• Unicellular or multicellular• Absorb food: secrete
enzymes to digest complex molecules
• Propagate by spores• Asexual or sexual
reproduction• Haploid • Can be multinucleated
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Fungal StructureCell wall = Chitin
Mycellium = mass of hyphae
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Reproduction
• Asexual by spores from sporangia
• Sexual reproduction by fusing hyphae
• Dispersal mechanisms
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Types of fungi
• Almost 100,000 species of fungus
• Classified by reproductive mode
• Zygote fungi• Sac fungi• Club fungi• Imperfect fungi• Lichens
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Zygote fungi
• Zygomycetes• Rhizopus: bread mold
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Ascomycetes: Sac fungi
Scarlet cup fungus Morel
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Basidomycete: Club fungi
• Cap• Gills: spores
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ExamplesPuffballs Shelf fungus
Stinkhorns Fairy rings
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Imperfect fungi
• We do not know how their sexual reproduction takes place.
• Penicillium spp.
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Lichens
• Symbiotic relationship with algae or cyanobacteria and a fungus
• Usually a cup fungus
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Examples
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Mycorrhizae
• Fungal roots• Hyphae grow into root• Help to deliver
nutrients to the plant• Fungus gets sugar
and other molecules
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Fungus and health
• Treatment fungal diseases uses Azoles• Ergosterol biosynthesis in fungi and in
cholesterol biosynthesis
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Yeast
• Unicellular• Fermentation• Alcohol• Carbon dioxide