What are the best arguments for putting peace on the table? Peace is Quantifiable
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www.economicsandpeace.org “The Institute for Economics and Peace is an independent, not- for-profit, research institute dedicated to building a greater understanding of the key drivers and measures of peace and to identifying the economic benefits that increased peacefulness can deliver” What are the best arguments for putting peace on the table? 1) Peace is Quantifiable 2) Peace has tremendous economic benefits
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“The Institute for Economics and Peace is an independent, not-for-profit, research institute dedicated to building a greater understanding of the key drivers and measures of peace and to identifying the economic benefits that increased peacefulness can deliver”. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of What are the best arguments for putting peace on the table? Peace is Quantifiable
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“The Institute for Economics and Peace is an independent, not-for-profit, research institute dedicated to building a greater understanding of the key drivers and measures of peace and to identifying the economic benefits that increased peacefulness can deliver”What are the best arguments for putting peace on the table?
1) Peace is Quantifiable
2) Peace has tremendous economic benefits
www.economicsandpeace.org
What do you think are the most important arguments for the role of early childhood programs in peacebuilding?
1) Can we measure peace?
2) What is the relationship between peace and education?
3) Does this relationship hold with regard to early childhood programs?
Most important arguments at the macro level: ECD as a global priority in all situations, post-conflict or otherwise
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How do we define peace and how can we measure it?
Negative peaceMeasures
Crime Violence Military War
Positive PeaceInstitutions, Arrangements, and Attitudes associated with peaceful environments
“Peace”
Global Peace Index
Positive PeaceIndex
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23 Indicators INTERNAL PEACEPerceptions of criminality in societyNumber of internal security officers and police 100,000 peopleNumber of homicides per 100,000 people
Number of jailed population per 100,000 people
Ease of access to weapons of minor destruction
Level of organised conflict (internal)
Likelihood of violent demonstrations
Level of violent crime
Political instability
Political Terror ScaleVolume of transfers of major conventional weapons, as recipient (Imports) per 100,000 peopleTerrorist actsNumber of deaths from organised conflict (internal)
EXTERNAL PEACEMilitary expenditure as a percentage of GDP
Number of armed services personnel per 100,000 people
Funding for UN Peacekeeping operations
Aggregate number of heavy weapons per 100,000 peopleVolume of weapons exports per 100,000 people
Military capability/sophistication
Number of displaced people as a percentage of the population
Relations with neighbouring countries
Number of external and internal conflicts foughtEstimated number of deaths from organised conflict (external)
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IEP• Define Philosophical Approach• Develops 4 Indicators
Expert Panel
• Decides Indicators• Sets Weights
EIU• Develops 8 Indicators• Collates and Produces Results
How is the GPI put together?
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GPI 2012 Results The 10 Most Peaceful Countries
Rank Country Score1 Iceland 1.1132 Denmark 1.2392 New Zealand 1.2394 Canada 1.3175 Japan 1.326
= 6 Austria 1.328= 6 Republic of Ireland 1.3288 Slovenia 1.3309 Finland 1.34810 Switzerland 1.349
The 10 Least Peaceful Countries
Rank Country Score158 Somalia 3.392157 Afghanistan 3.252156 Sudan 3.193155 Iraq 3.192154 DRC 3.073153 Russia 2.938152 North Korea 2.932
151 Central African Rep 2.872
150 Israel 2.842149 Pakistan 2.833
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From Negative to Positive Peace
GLOBAL
PEACE INDEX
VS
HealthEducation SpendingWelfareHuman DevelopmentCorruptionBusiness EnvironmentGovernanceStabilityFragilityEconomic IndicatorsHuman RightsInfant MortalityInequalityGenderWomen’s RightsHuman CapitalInvestmentDemocracyEtc.
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Positive Peace: The Pillars of Peace
Peace and Resilience
Equitable distribution of resources
Well functioning government
Sound business
environment
Free flow of
information
Low levels of
corruption
Acceptance of the rights of others
High levels of educatio
n
Good relations
with neighbour
s
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Relationship Between Peace and Education
Education Spending (% of GDP) Primary School Enrolment Ratio
Secondary School Enrolment Ratio Mean Years of Schooling
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Peace and ECD?- Not enough data to draw any firm conclusions
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Peace and ECD?- However, link between ECD and human capital is well established
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The Long Term Effects of Investment in ECD
ECD IMPACT ON PEACE
Direct: Impact of ECD eacebuilding measures on post-conflict environments, fostering more peaceful societies
Indirect: Impact on long term GDP growth. GDP per capita is one of the factors most strongly correlated with the Global Peace Index
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SummaryPeacebuilding efforts can be measured at the macro level using proxies like the Global Peace Index
Using the GPI, we can find the environments associated with peacefulness
Education is a critical factor in fostering peacefulness
Early childhood programs seem to have the greatest long-term return
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1) How useful/accurate are existing ECD metrics?
2) What can or should be measured with regard to ECD programs?
3) Are appropriate ECD metrics even possible, particularly for measuring outcomes in the short term?
MEASURING PEACE, MEASURING ECD
