NANTUCKETALGONQUIANSTUDIES,No. 10

WHALING OFF NOVA SCOTIA, NEWFOUNDLAND AND GREENLAND

IN THE EARLY EIGHTEENTH CENTURY BY NANTUCKET INDIANS

Elizabeth A. Little

Nantucket Historical Association

Nantucket, MA 02554

October 26, 1987

WHALING OFF NOVA SCOTIA, NEWFOUNDLAND AND GREENLAND

IN THE EARLY EIGHTEENTH CENTURY BY NANTUCKET INDIANS.

Elizabeth A. Little

Papergiven at the 19th Algonquian Conference,SmithsonianInstitution, WashingtonD.C.,October 23, 1987.

Affiliation: Nantucket Historical AssociationAddress: 37 ConantRoad,Lincoln, MA 01773

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© 1987 ElizabethA. Little

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WHALING OFF NOVA SCOTIA, NEWFOUNDLAND AND GREENLAND IN THE EARLY

EIGHTEENTH CENTURY BY NANTUCKET INDIANS.

ABSTRACT.

After 1712, Nantucketexpandedher whaling activities off-shore with voyagesin sloopsof25-50 tons. Each sloop was mannedby 13 seamen,of which between4 and 8 were Indians.This studyof an accountbook documentsthe whale sharescredited to 17 Indians byNathaniel Starbuck,Jr., between1721 and 1758, in somecaseswith the species,seasonandgroundsat which a whale was caught. I also examinethe credit history of theseIndiansand the structureof accountbook barter in a period when the economywas expandingandhard moneyin New England was limited.

INTRODUCTION.

Sincewhales of a numberof speciesrangeseasonallyoff certaintemperatecoastsofthe North Atlantic, andstrandthemselvesor washashoredeadon certainshores(Littleand Andrews, 1982), coastalpeople may have alwaysused whale oil, bone, tendons,andmeat. However, betweenabout 1536 and 1700,SpanishandFrench Basquewhalersinshore-basedboats huntedwhalesin the Strait of Belle Isle andGulf of St. Lawrence,andprocessedthe oil on shorefor Europeanmarkets. The Dutch, interestedin Davis Straitand Labrador since 1614,begana major fishery thereafter 1700, with some Englishcompetition(Tuck 1981; Barkham1984; Kupp andHart 1976).

The growth of the American whaling industry was characterizedby sequentialdiscovery and exploitation of whalesin areaswhere whalescongregatedat variousseasons(Mitchell 1974). Commencingin 1690 with winter whaling from shorestations(Little 1981b),Nantucketers,according to sometimesdiscordanthistorians,sometimeafter 1712 venturedtosea in sloops carrying two whaleboats,in the spring, summerandfall. First to NantucketShoals,then in the “deep”, they proceded,not necessarilyin the following order to exploitwhales in the Gulf of St. Lawrence,Strait of Belle Isle, coastof Labrador,Davis Strait,Greenland(CapeDesolation,Disco), south of Virginia andeast of the Newfoundlandbanks,the coastof Guinea(1763), the WesternIsles (1765), Brazil and the Falkiand Islands (1774),andby 1805 in the Pacific Ocean(Crevecoeur1971:116;0. Macy 1835:54; Z. Macy 1792;Starbuck1964; Stackpole1953).

In 1935 C. W. Townsend(1935) studiedthe behavior of whales by using chiefly 19thcenturyAmerican whaling logs andplotting the location andseasonof captureof severalspeciesof whales. Well-defined seasonalright whaling groundsare shown in mosttemperateoceansof the world, but the North Atlantic, exploited in the eighteenthcentury,is blank, as few eighteenthcenturywhaling journals survive. Recently,32 nineteenthcenturyNorth Atlantic right whalesdocumentedby Townsendhavebeenmappedby SchevillandMoore (1983), who statein their paper,“becauseso little is known, the location andseasonof even Townsend’sfew North Atlantic right whalesare important”. Using recent

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FIGURE 1. CHRONOLOGICAL LIST OF INDIAN WHALERS AND WHALING GROUNDS FROMSTARBUCK’S ACCOUNT BOOK WITH THE INDIANS, 1662-1768.

A. INDIAN WHALERS: B. NUMBER OF WHALES CAUGHT AT:Along Bow Ye CansoGreen Nwf’d Unknown

1721 Abel Shore Bell Deep -land -land 1172217231724 x Jap 217251726 Woo Pon Poc 1 31727 x x x 21728 x x x x Mis Dia Sam 2 1 41729 x x x x x x 1 2 1 11730 x x x x x — x 1 1 11731 x x x x j.~x 2 21732 x x x ATox 1 31733 Smux x x x 1 1 11734 x x x x x (ion) 11735 x Natx x x x JTo 1 1 3 11736 x JTa x JTJ x x 1 1 31737 x x x x x x 1 41738 x x x x x x 1 1 21739 x x x x x x 21740 x x x 31741 x x x x x 1 1 21742 ITa x x x x 1 1 31743 x x x x 1 21744 x 11745 x x 11746 x x 11747 x x 1 11748 x x 11749 x x 11750 x x 31751 x x 21752 x x I1753 x EJon x 1*1754 x x 1 1 11755 x x x x 41756 11757 x x 21758 x 1

Abel: Ben Abel Sam: Samson JTa: JohnTashameJap:Obed Japhet Jos: Josiah Nat: NattPoc: JamesPock AT0: Abram Towadde EJon: Edmund JonesPon: Tom Pony Smu: EbenSmuggWoo: IsaacWooso JTo: Joe Towaddy [died:_]Mis: Missing name ITa: IsaacTashameDia: Diamond JTj: JohnTashame,Jr * Carolina

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observations,whaling logbooks,journals, newspapersandother historic records,Schevill,Watkins andMoore (1987) havedocumentedright whalesnear CapeCod, andReevesandMitchell (1987a,1987b) have publisheddocumentationfor right whaling groundsat LongIsland, CapeFarewell (Greenland),and SoutheastUS Coast(North Carolina to northernFlorida). They identify Nantucket and Dartmouthwhaling groundsof the secondhalf ofthe eighteenthcentury east of the GrandBank of Newfoundland,in the Strait of Belle Isleand along the Labradorcoast. In this paper I documentat least ninety nine whalescredited to NantucketIndians in a manuscriptaccountbook of the period 1721-1758.

PeterFolger reportedin a journal of 1760 that he “Went over the Bar In CompanywithStephenPaddackandCometo Anchor andwaited for our Indians” (as reportedin Fonda1969:9). According to Obed Macy in 1835, the 13 mancrews of the whaling sloops“weremadeup in part of Indians, therebeing usually from four to eight in eachvessel. Theywere pleasedwith the business,andalways ready to engagein it whencalled upon” (Macy1835:38). In 1730, the 25 Nantucket sloopswould haverequired 100 to 200 Indians, andByers (1987:159)cites a mid-l8th centuryreport that the Indian populationof Nantucket in1746 increasedto 900, many of whom were Vinyarderswho had“gone to settle onNantucket,being a placeof better employment”. Macy’s view hasbeenchallengedbyDaniel Vickers (1981, 1983:579,583;Byers 1987:99),who arguesthat the Nantucket Englishcontrolled Indian labor chiefly through the useof indebtedness.I examineaccountingmethodsin Starbuck’sandHussey’saccountbooks andshow that debits characterizedtheaccountbook barter system,which was used also by the English.

“MARY STARBUCK’S ACCOUNT BOOK WITH THE INDIANS” (Starbuck1662-1768).

A sheepskincoveredmanuscriptaccountbook at the ResearchCenter of theNantucket Historical Associationhasprovided material for studiesby Worth (1915), Little(1981a), Vickers (1981, 1983), Bragdon (1986) and Byers (1987). It is densewith data,withscratchouts,blots, andmistakes,andat least 23 missing pages from an original 147 pages.Although these hurdlescreatedifficulty for the reader,Mary Starbuck’saccountbookcontinuesto repay study. All of the data pertainingto whaling are in the last period ofthe accounts,from 1721 to 1768, kept by Mary’s son, NathanielStarbuck,Jr., until 1750 andthen by someonewho spelled‘share’ as ‘shear’ (Worth 1915).

Credits in the accountbook consistof, amonga wide range of items, sheepskins,fishing, carting, plowing, fetching wood, hoeingandhilling corn, mowing andcocking hay,shearingandwashing sheep,winding wool, work (at onepoundsterling a week [Starbuck1662-1768:125 (1739)]), threshingoatsand barley, whale oyle andbone(baleen),whaleshares,towing whales,fish, corn, oats,barley, wheat, beans,feathers,basketsandbills.

WHALES, SPECIES,SEASONS,GROUNDS.

For this paperI have transcribedall of the whale credits,a total of 198 entries,fromStarbuck’sAccount Book (Table 1) for the seventeenIndian whalers. Thesedatawere thenconvertedto a chronological list of credits to Indians for their whale shares(Table 2). Thechronological ordering demonstrates that there were no more than 6 or 7 Indian accountsin any one year (Figure la). The placesof thosewho died were taken by others.Chronological ordering (Table 2) also shows that sometimesa number of Indians hadsharesin the samewhalesandthat somepaymentsfor the samewhale extend over severalyears.A list of whales(Table 3) clearly distinguishedby date,place,captain, species,etc.,

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Figure 2. WesternNorth Atlantic Whaling Groundsof early EighteenthCenturyNantucketers. The whaling grounds, circled, are estimated from place names in Starbuck’sAccount Book (1662-1768): A, “along-shore”at Nantucket;B, “bobel” (Bowbell); C, “yedeep”; D, “Cariliner”; E, “Canso”; F, “Newfoundland”; G, “Greenland”. Base mapafterSchevill andMoore (1983:5).

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conservativelycontains99 whales, the maximum numberof whales identifiable withconfidence. Further studiesnow underwaywill allow additional inferences.

Figure lb and Figure 2 display the locationsnamedfor whale catches. Nantucketerssince1690 hadbeencatching right whalesalong-shoreduring the winter. At leastninealong-shorewhalescaught between1726 and1754 are identified. Staples’ whale in 1726 mayhavebeenoneof the 86 along-shoreright whalespreviously documentedfor 1726 whichwas the peakyear for along-shorewhaling (Little l981b; Macy 1835). An along-shorewhale, assumedto havebeena right whale, was often representedby both oil andbone(baleen)and identified by a boatcaptain,who wassometimesan Indian (Eben Smugg,Eb.Coduda,JonathanMicah, Staples?). The season,when given, was winter.

By 1715 Nantucketershadbegunusingsloops of 25 tons andup to pursueright whalesoff shore,which initially meant the NantucketShoals, including Bowbell (Chamberlain1964:92) where at leastnine whales were caughtbetween1728 and1747. In “ye deep”, oroff the continentalshelf, ten whalesare listed between1729 and 1735. Here they couldhavebeenhunting spermwhales (which have “head matter” but no “bone”) as well asbaleenwhales. Six spermwhalesare identified (Table 3) from unknowngrounds.

By 1734 the Nantucket Indians recordedby N. Starbuck,Jr., were catching whalesduring the summernearCanso,Nova Scotia (threerecorded),by 1738 nearNewfoundlandorthe Land (Baxter 1945:51)(five recorded),andoneGreenlandwhale was recordedin 1737.SomeIndians were paid for fish as well as for whalesat Canso. From the useof placenames, I assumethat thesegroundswere in the vicinity of the land (Figure 2; Kupp andHart 1976: Fig. 2).

In spite of the numberof whalescaughtat unknown grounds,Starbuck’sAccountbook documentswhaling patternsbetween1726 and 1746 which are poorly known atpresent. According to Obed Macy (1835:38), after whales becamescarcenearshore,whalingsloops beganto go to the “southward” until July 1, after which, with a stop at Nantucket,they went to the eastwardof the GrandBanks of Newfoundland. One “Cariliner” whale isspecifiedin Starbuck’sAccount Book, but not until 1753,andonly after 1753 are thegroundseastof the Grand Banksdocumented(Fonda1969). Starbuck’sAccount BooksupportsCrevecoeur’s(1971:116)1782 list of early Nantucketwhaling and/or fishing groundswhich includes the CapeBreton banks,Sable Island,Newfoundlandand CapeDesolation.The whalescaught at unspecifiedgroundssuggestcaution, but the datashow regionsworthfurther exploration for whaling records,evenarchaeologicalones.

Probably,becauseof their valueandeaseof capture,most of the whaleswith oil andboneproductsin the accountswere right whales. However, north of 500 N, someBowheadwhales may have beencaught. Bowheadsresemblethe right whale but have more oil andlonger baleenthan the right whale, and the term ‘long’ bone, which appearsin theaccountsas early as 1724,may indicatebowheads.Unfortunately, for what is called a“whale share” in the accounts,both the numberandspeciesis uncertain.

INDIAN ACCOUNTS.

“The Indians obtainedvery successfulreturns which they expendedon Englishcommoditieson their arrival home” (Worth 1915:31). Indian accountsshow purchasesof:buttons,thread,yard goods such as cotton, callico, linen, silk, britches,shoes,a blanket,molasses,beef, rye, corn, salt, a testamentbook, a horse,saddle,calash,firewood, line,

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hooks, flints, powder,shot, sturgeoniron, lance warp, candles,boards,bricks, nails,plowing, cashand bills. In order to spendtheir earningsthese17 mencreditedNathanielStarbuck,Jr., with their whale sharesand other goods and labor. Starbuck,who was ablacksmith and trader,acted as their banker,credit manager,and storekeeper. Heacceptedbills for their purchasesat other stores,such as SylvanusHussey’s(1724-1734:259),wherehe had credit.

This complex accountingsystemcameaboutat that time becausethere was an acuteshortageof money in the American colonies(Baxter 1945). Baxter (1945:17) calls it“bookkeepingbarter”. If you gaveStarbuckyour whale share,he neededto havea largerange of inventory, or you useda form of triangular trade,evidenceof which lies in thenumerousdebit andcredit accountswith third parties. Examplesinclude Japhet’sdebit of22/8 to S. HusseyandJaphet’scredit from Diamond for towing a whale (Starbuck1662-1768:36,37). The bills, notes,and ordersin the accountsare clearly substitutesfor cash.

I checkedmany of theseaccountson my pocket calculator, allowing 12 penceto theshilling and20 shillings to the pound. Starbuck’saccountsinclude mistakesin addition andsubtraction. Thereare illegible correctionsandstrike outs. Reckoningsare not alwaysdone in a timely fashion. Byers (1987:161)cites Paul Quaab’scomplaint that the accountscontain overchargesand misrepresentationsof credits as charges. Such errors occur intheseaccountsbut I can find no evidencethat they were deliberate.

As someIndianswere literate andmost were expert in numerical games(Williams 1643:Chapter4), many could havekept their own accounts. At leastoneaccountbook kept byan Indian exists at the Nantucket Historical Association(Account Book #210) andthereareenoughreferencesin Starbuck’sAccount Book to “a pieceof paper” or “a little book” tosuggestthat Indian-kept accountbooks were not uncommon(Starbuck1662-1768:37).Examplesof correctionsin the Indians’ favor are frequentin Starbuck’sAccount Book(1662-1768:123,37, 9, 146, 145, for example)althougherrors still remain.

In auditing theseaccountsI havecomparedthe prices chargedthe Indians for knivesand pails with prices chargedEnglishmenin SyivanusHussey’sAccount Book (1724-1734).The prices of 11 knives in 1728-1729rangedfrom 1/0 (one shilling, no pence) to 4/6. Theaverageprice paid by six Englishmenwas 2/8 andby five Indians was 2/10. For six pailswith a price rangeof 1/6 to 2/0, four English averaged1/6 andtwo Indians averaged1/10.Theseresultssuggestthat Indiansmay havepaid slightly more for goods at Starbuck’sandHussey’sthan Englishmendid, or that Indians preferredthe better quality knives andpails.For strongerconclusionsthis study needsto be expanded. I would also like to know theretail price at Boston of the goods sold at Nantucket.

ACCOUNT BOOK DEBITS AND CREDITS

Starbuck’sAccount Book showscreditsand debits for 17 Indians (Table 5). Tom Ponyhadan accountat Starbuck’sfor 35 years,during which he earnedand spent an averageof40 poundssterling a year. IsaacTashamehadan averageincome of 73 poundsper year for17 years. For comparison,Byers (1987:93,168)cites an annualincomefor a laborer on themainland as 12-18 poundsper year (1726-1774),or onequarter that at Nantucket.

Table 5 shows that upon terminationsomeaccountswere transferredto anotherbook,somewere paidoff by anothertrader, some,upon a man’sdeath,were passedon to heirs,and somemay havebeencancelledas bad debts. The averagefinal debtfor 15 Indian

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accountsat Starbuck’swas -32 poundssterling (rangefrom ÷3 to -97) andfor 8 IndiansatHussey’swas-16 poundssterling (range from +1 to -58). Furthermore,exactly the samesystemheld for the Nantucket English in Hussey’sAccount Book (1724-1734),where 15Englishmen’saccountstaken at randomshow an averagefinal debt of -120 poundssterling(a rangeof from +16 to -491) (Table 6). In other words, the NantucketEnglish hadfourtimesmore credit with Husseythandid the Indians with Starbuck or Hussey.

English and Indian credit accountswere basedlargely on mutual trust. That creditslead debits in time echoesnative reciprocity (Morantz 1987). That the systemoccasionallybroke down is shownby court recordsat Nantucket,which needto be consultedforindividual Indians, chargesandsentences,a potentially valuablestudy. Although prison, ajury and a coronerare mentionedin Starbuck’sAccount Book (Table 5), the only evidencefor indenturedserviceis indicatedby the note that Tom Pony was “sett over” for serviceto Starbuck for 2 and 1/4 years by the Trusteesof the town for 17 poundsin 1743. Thefinancial penalty for Pony’s indenturewas a 2 and 1/4 year lack of income, during whichhe continuedto rely on Starbuckfor credit. The uniquenessof this entry is notable. TenIndian whale sharescreditedto Edward Allen (Hussey1724-1734:233,265) withoutcorrespondingevidenceof Indian purchasesare suggestivebut not unequivocalevidenceforindentures. Other than theserare instances,accountbooksshow Indians spendingthemoney they earned.

CONCLUSIONS.

Thereare substantialgapsin our knowledgeof eighteenthcentury whaling. I reporthere on a study of the 17 Indian accountsbetween1721 and1768 in Starbuck’sAccountBook with the Indians (1662-1768),which providesdataon 99 whales,seasonsand speciesinan early period of westernNorth Atlantic whaling. Thesedatadocumentthe earliestpelagicwhaling by American whalemen(Table 6) including American Indians, and indicatewhaling groundsandtheir changeswith time.

Evidencefor someexploitation of someIndiansexists (seeLittle 1981; Byers 1987;Vickers 1983; Starbuck1924). As RogerWilliams wrote in 1643, “The Nativesare of twosorts,(as the English are) (Williams 1973:93).”, which is probably a true statementwhichever way one saysit. However, accountbooks availableat Nantucketdo not containevidencefor claims that most of the NantucketIndian whalerswere indebtedservantsobliged to return their earningsto their masters.

The accountsshow that between1721 and 1756 some NantucketIndian whalersearnedup to four times the annualwagesof a Boston seaman. Indeed,in 1726, Tom Bon(Poney?)was paying freight on his “England Goods” (Hussey1724-1734:58). Thedevelopmenton the island of a systemof credit which includedthe Indians helpedprovidefor the remarkablegrowth of the whaling economyof Nantucket(Baxter 1945:17;Shepherdet al., 1972). That someIndians participatedsuccessfullyin the developingeconomyof NewEngland, fueled in large part by oil exportsto Europe,deservesrecognition (Thomas1985:157)andadditional study.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. I should like to thank EdouardA. Stackpole,Helen W. Chase,J.Clinton Andrews,andWilliam Schevill for discussions,and Louise R. Hussey, librarian,JacquelineHaring, curator of ResearchMaterials,andher assistant,Gayl Michael, forassistancein using the manuscriptcollectionsat the Nantucket Historical Association.

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REFERENCESCITED.

Barkham, Selma H.1984 The BasqueWhaling Establishmentsin Labrador 1536-1632 - A Summary. Arctic

37(4):515-519.

Baxter, W. T.1945 The House of Hancock: Businessin Boston. 1724-1775. Harvard University Press,

Cambridge.

Bragdon, K. J.1986 Native Economy on Eighteenth-CenturyMartha’s Vineyard and Nantucket. Actes du

Dix-Septieme Congresdes Algonpuinistes,edited by William Cowan, pp. 27-46.Carleton University, Ottawa.

Byers, Edward1987 The Nation of Nantucket:Society and Politics in an Early American Commercial

Center. 1660-1820. NortheasternUniversity Press,Boston.

Chamberlain,B. B.1964 These Fragile Outposts. The Natural History Press,GardenCity, N.Y.

Crevecoeur,J. H. St. John de1971 Letters from an American Farmer. Everyman’s Library, Dutton, New York

Fonda, Douglas C., Jr.1969 Eighteenth Century Nantucket Whaling as Compiled from the Original Logs and

Journals.Privately printed. Nantucket Atheneum.

Hussey, Sylvanus1724-1734 Account Book. Nantucket Historical Association Research Center, Account

Book #417. Foulger Museum, Nantucket.

Kupp, Jan, and Simon Hart1976 The Dutch in the STrait of Davis and Labrador During the 17th and 18th Centuries.

Man in the Northeast 11:3-20.

Little, Elizabeth A.l981a Index to Mary Starbuck’s Account Book with the Indians. Nantucket Algonquian

Studies No. 5. Nantucket Historical Association, Nantucket MA 02554.

l98lb The Indian Contribution to Along-Shore Whaling at Nantucket. NantucketAlgonquian Studies No. 8. Nantucket Historical Association, Nantucket MA 02554.

Little, Elizabeth A., and J. Clinton Andrews1982 Drift Whales at Nantucket:The Kindness of Moshup. Man in the Northeast23:17-

38.

Macy, Obed1835 The History of Nantucket. Hilliard, Gray, Boston.

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Macy, Zaccheus1792 A Short Journal of the First Settlementof the Island of Nantucket. Nantucket

Historical AssociationResearchCenter, ManuscriptCollection. Foulger Museum,Nantucket.

Mitchell, Edward1974 PresentStatusof NorthwestAtlantic Fin andOther Whale Stocks. In The Whale

Problem : A StatusReport, edited by William E. Schevill, pp. 108-169. HarvardUniversity Press,Cambridge.

Morantz, Toby1987 “Gift-Offerings to Their Own ImportanceandSuperiority:” A Look at Fur Trade

Relationsin EasternJamesBay, 1700-1940. Paperread at the 19th AlgonquianConference,Washington,D.C.

Reeves,R. R., andE. Mitchelll987a American Pelagic Whaling for Right Whalesin the North Atlantic. Report of the

International Whaling Commission,SpecialIssuelO:201-220.

1987bThe Long Island, New York, Right Whale Fishery: 1650-1924. Reportof theInternational WhalingCommission,SpecialIssue 10: 221-254.

Schevill, William E., and Karen E. Moore1983 Townsend’sUnmappedNorth Atlantic Right Whales(Eubalaenaglacialis). Breviora,

No. 476, pp. 1-8. Museum of ComparativeZoology, Cambridge.

Schevill, William E., William A. Watkins, andKaren E. Moore1987 Statusof Eubalaenaglacialis off Cape Cod. Renortof the International Whaling

Commission,Special Issue 10:79-82.

Shepherd,J. F., andG. M. Walton1972 Shipping.Maritime Trade,and the EconomicDevelopmentof Colonial North

America. CambridgeUniversity Press,New York.

Stackpole,EdouardA.1953 The SeaHunters:The New England WhplemenDuring Two Centuries1635-1835.

BonanzaBooks, New York.

Starbuck,Alexander1964 History of the American Whale Fishery. Two volumes. Reprint of The Report of

the U.S. Commissionon Fish andFisheries,Washington,1878. Prefaceby StuartC. Sherman,Argosy-AntiquarianLtd., New York.

Starbuck,Mary1662-1768 Account Book with the Indians1662-1768. Account Book No. 475. Research

Center, Nantucket Historical Association,Nantucket,MA 02554.

Thomas,PeterA.1985 Cultural Changeon the SouthernNew EnglandFrontier, 1630-1665. In Cultures in

Contact: The Imnact of EuroneanContactson Native American CulturalInstitutions A.D. 1000-1800. edited by William W. Fitzhugh, pp. 131-161.

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Anthropological Society of Washington Series, Smithsonian Institution Press,Washington, D.C.

Townsend, C. H.1935 The distribution of certain whales as shown by logbook records of American

Whaleships. Zoologica 19(l):l-50.

Tuck, J. A., and R. Grenier1981 A 16th-Century Basque Whaling Station in Labrador. Scientific American

245(5):180-184;186-188;190.

Vickers, Daniel F.1981 Maritime Labor in Colonial Massachusetts:A CaseStudy of the EssexCounty Cod

Fishery and the Whaling Industry of Nantucket. PhD Dissertation,PrincetonUniversity. University Microfilms, Ann Arbor, Michigan.

1983 The First Whalemen of Nantucket. The William & Mary Quarterly. 3rd Series, 40(4):560-583.

Williams, Roger1973 A Key into the Language of America [1643]. Edited by J.J. Teunissen and E.J.

Hinz, Wayne State University Press,Detroit.

Worth, Henry Barnard1915 The First Whaling Merchant. Bulletin of the Nantucket Historical Association:

26-34.

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TABLES:

1. Nantucket Indian Whaling Accounts 1721-1758, from Mary Starbuck’s Account

Book with the Indians 1662-1768.

2. Chronological List of Credits for Whale Products and Whale Shares ofNantucket Indians, 1721-1758, from Mary Starbuck’s Account Book with theIndians 1662-1768.

3. ChronologicalList of the Maximum Number of Whales Caught (Starbuck’sAccount

Book 1662-1768).

4. Credit Histories for Indian Whalers in Starbuck’s Account Book.

5. Credit Balancesfor Englishmen and Indians in Hussey’s Account Book (17241734).

6. Boat and Sloop Captains from Starbuck’s Account Book.

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TABLE 1. NANTUCKETINDIAN WHALINGACCOUNTS1721-1758, FROMMARY

STARBUCK’S ACCOUNTBOOKWITH THE INDIANS 1662-1768.

Ben Abel (p. 17):

1721 By oyl & Bone: 1.10.001724 By 23 gall & 2 qts oyl with BatchelorH. at 5% & bone6 1/2 at 3/: 2.18.04

12 mo by 1 barril oyle & 14 gus at 5% & 10 1/4# of long bone at 4s got with M.Gen:5.15.0

1728 1 mo by oyl & bone.ye bonel8# stuntslbb 45/ with P:S: 5.08.094 mo 13 by Vinyard whale 63/4: 3.06.04

1731 by oyl & bonegot with Tristram along shoarin ye winter 1730: 2.17.001735 By 1/2 bb oyl formerly got by lying on Shoar:1.05.00

Dimond (p. 138):

1728 By a whale share got with Andrew Gardner or to be pd by E.G.: 3.17.69 mo By a whale sharegot with Elias Coffin to be pd pr E.G.: 1.17.3

1729 3 mo By his whale share got along shore oyle 13 gll & 1 pint, bone20#: 7.04.2.

ObedJaphet(pp. 36, 37):

1724 By 2 bbs & 14 gallons of oyl, at 55/0pr bb: 6.15.03By 24# Long bone at 4/0 pr # & 6# Short at 3/0: 5.14.00

1729 By oyl & bonegot with Smugg along shore: 0.19.61730 By oyl & bonegott with Smuggalong Shore20 l/4# bone,oy1 13 gallons: 7.13.0

By Dimon for toeing a whale in 1728 & for old ancor:0.13.01731 By his whale sharegot along shoarwith Smug:20.00.091732 By 2# short bonegot with Andrew Gardner1731 ye 9 mc: 0.6.8

EdmundJones(negro) (p. 127):

1753 By onehalf of his Shearwith E:S: 15.3.5Cariliner Bone 2 pound 1/2: 2.6.6By onepound & a half of ShortBone: 1.13.9

1755 By his Sheearwhith BenjaminBuncker: 1.13.9

Josiah(p. 62):

1731 By a whale sharewith JonathanPink, last Spring in ye deep:02.02.021731 1 mo By 5.2.0 fish caught with B. Husseyat Cansoat 15.p.: 04.02.061743 By what he got ye trip before he was lost is 28/3: 1.8.3

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[Missing name] (p. 145):

1728 By a whale Share got with P:S at bobel: 1.07.011729 By a whale Share gott with P:S at bobel: 9.16.41730 3 mo By a whale Share got with Paul S: 12.0.81731 4 mo By a whale Share got with Paul:S: 4.17.41732 4 mo By a whale Share got with Paul Starbuck in ye deep: 19.7.101733 4 mo By his whale Share got at bobel: 8.16.81734 5 mo By his whale Share got with ShubaelFolger in ye deep or bobel: 39.9.01735 5 mo By a whale sharegot with ShubaelFolger in ye deep is: 21.10.6

Natt (p. 126):

1735 7 mo By a whale share got with JethroFolger in deep: 10.3.01736 2 mo By a Smal matter got with JethroF. in ye Spring Spermaceetieor whale: 3.0.0

By his part of Canco voyge, his fish: 11.18.01737 By his part of ye Spring voyage with SimeonBunker: 18.3.41738 By whale got with JethroFolger in ye Summer: 2.6.2

By his part in ye Spring with Nathan Coffin: 7.10.01739 7 mo By a whale share with Jos Coleman: 3.8.9

JamesPock (Pockana)(p. 123):

1726 1 mo by his whale with S:H in ye Spring one trip is: 6.07.00by Share of Stapleswhale 15/9. his share with Paul is 6.14.4: 7.10.01

Tom Poney (pp. 35, 9, 55, 56, 37, 23, 26, 109, 112, 116):

1726 By oyl & bone got with John Gardner & [?] short bone [?]:2.l6.0710 mo By l2# of bone,... oyl got with J.Way [?J

1727 By his whale share got with my son Paul S. this year: 14.18.001728 By oyl & bone got with Paul, ye bone l2# stunts: 18.07.07

By 12# bone got with P:S & oyl 27 gIl, oyl last year 5 glis: 5.13.034 mo By...his part of oy1 in ye spring: 1.13.01By...his whale share along shore, 13 gli: 1.13.02

1729 By his whale share got with Paul Starbuck in ye deep: 9.16.4By...his oyl & bone got along shore 13 gil, 1 l/2# bone: 7.04.2

1730 By spermacetigot with Nathll Folger in 1729 on a trip, not much: 0.0.0By miscastinghis last winter’s whale: 0.9.43 mo By his spring voyge of whale got with Paul S. in ye Deep: 22.16.01By whale got with Smugg along shore: 00.00.00

1731 1 mo By prt of a Spermwhale got with Nathll Folger in 1730: 00.18.08By his whale Share got with Smugg along shoare: 15.02.00By his part of our whale voyge with Paul in ye Deep: 4.17:4By his prt of irons found 1/1 & his prt of some whale yt went to ye bay: 0.02.10

1732 5 mo By his part of our whale voyge got with Paul he staid: 14.14.111733 4 mo By his whale share in ye deep: 8.16.81734 5 mo By his whale share in ye deep with ShubaelFolger: 23.12.00

8 mo By 2# musiersbone got at Canso with ShubaelFolger at: 1.5.00

16

By his whale share with Shubal Folger at Canso: 36.18.5By a share of whale got with John Russelnot reconedbefore.: 5.12.0

1735 4 mo By a whale share got with John Russel in ye Deep: 10.5.96 mo 23 [cash] of Paul ye day he arrived...9 mo By a whale Share got with Shubael Folger at Canso: 46.7.711 mo By a whale Share got with S. Folger in ye Sumer at bobel (omitted): 3.0.9

1736 2 mo 13, 1/6 cash ye next day after came in8 mo By a whale share got with J. Russel: 12.17.7

1737 2 mo By a shareof whale with Antony Solomon, bone 2# 14/: 0.19.31738 By his whale share with JethroFolger in ye Spring: 6.8.6

By his share got with Tho Crook last year norward: 8.14.0By his Share got with S. husseyNewfoundland: 9.7.0

1739 By oyl got with Anthony Solomon not yet reconed,it may be: 0.15.3By 37/1 undercastin his Newfoundland voyge with S:h 1738 last year: 1.17.18 mo By...his whale with Jos Col.: 16.16.10

1740 7 mo By a Share with Z:Bunker: 59/611 mo By his Share of whale with S:F last Spring is: 24.18.6

1741 11 mo By his whale share with ShubaelFolger: 23.18.21742 11 mo By his whale voyge with ShubaelFolger: 65.15.2

By a share caught with G:H this fall: 10.2.21743 By a share with ye hannah00.00.001745 7 mo By his whale share with ShubaelFolger this summer past not made up yet.

11 mo By whale share caught with S:F: 40.3.2To SundriesClothing just on his going off to ye lapilles.

1746 By a whale share caught with E. Starbu: 30.0.91747 11 mo By his whale share caught with E:S: 55.0.5

By thy Newfoundland voyge with S:H: 5.00.00.1748 7 mo By a whale shear caught with Edward Starbuck: 47.15.8

By more of his Newfoundland voyage with S:h: 7.0.01749 By thy share Last Spring with Edward Starbuck: 122.09.081750 By his half shearwith Edward Last Spring: 50.05.00

By his Sheareof headmatter that went to Felladelfa: 4.16.6By his Shearewith Francis Swain one trip: 8.11.6

1751 By his Shear with Edward Starbuck: 31.3.6Oct. 9 By his Share wth Edwd Starbuck: 97.12.0

1752 By his Shear with Peter Coffin one trip: 0.19.41753 By his 1/2 Shear with E:S: 3.3.91754 By his Shearewith E. Starbuck last Spring: 2.2.6

By his Shearewith T. Masy at the land: 5.7.71755 By his halfe Shearewith JeamsCoffin: 96.15.0

By his half e Shear with Shubal Pinckham: 96.2.71757 By a omission of his half shear with S. Pinck.: 2.13.1

By his Shear of whailboon with S:P: 4.4.9By his Shear with Benjamin Buncker Last Spring: 75.11.7

1758 By his Shear with Benjamin Barfly: 27.15.0

Samson(p. 68):

1728 By a whale share got with P:S at bobel 27/: 1.7.01729 by a whale share got with Paul Starbuck in ye Deep: 9.16.41730 3 mo By his whale voyge in ye deep with Paul Starbuck: 22.16.1

17

1731 1 mo By part of a whale formerly yt went to ye bay. I hadwine: 0.2.10By his whale sharegot with Paul in ye Deep:4.17.4

1732 4 mo By his whale sharegot with Paul in ye Deep: 19.7.101733 4 mo By his whale share2.13.1 & Jocs8.16.8 in ye Deep: 11.9.91734 By awhale share:3.13.0

EbenSmugg(p. 19):

1733 9 mo 1, To cash2S, ye next day after Camehome from Canso.Salt 9d: 0.2.91734 8 mo By 2 1/2 of muslersbonegot with S. Folgerat Canso:1.5.0

10 mo By his sharegot with ShubaelFolger at Canso:36.18.51735 8 mo By whale got with shubaelFolger in ye 7 mo at Canso:46.7.7

JohnTashame(pp. 125, 120):

1736 10 mo By his & sonswhale sharewith S:Folger is 9.0.8.Canso:his is 76/8: 12.17.412 mo By prt of a whale got in Tristrams boat2 bbls oyl & 6 l/4# bone: 12.3.9

1737 10 mo By his & Sonspart of the Spring voyg with SimeonB. is: 36.6.81738 1 mo By...bone1.4.6, more oyl 4g: 3.0.0

1 mo By whale got with J. Colemanlate last year: 1.8.3By his & sonsSharsin ye Spring with NathanCoffin at bobel: 15.0.0By JohnsSharewith S:h at Newfoundland:11.4.1

1739 11 mo By his whale with Jos Colemanis 10.13.07& his son John’s is 16.16.10:27.10.51740 11 mo By his whale Sharewith ShubaelFolger last Spring: 21.5.01741 11 mo By his whale ShareCaughtwith ShubaelFolger in Sloop Ann: 28.16.71742 2 mo By his & Isaacswhale with Shu Fol.: 135.6.101743 11 mo By his ShareCaughtwith ShubaelFolger 69.9.3& Isaacye Same: 138.18.6

JohnTashame,Jr. (p. 122):

1741 By his oyl got in Sloop annwith S.F.: 1.10.010 mo By his newfoundlandvoyge caughtwith S. Husseycomes to: 34.0.011 mo By his Sharecaughtwith ShubaelFolger: 22.16.8

1742 9 mo By thy Sharewith Simion Bunker: 58.3.010 mo By a whale Sharewith JonathanMycah in R. Mitchel’s bote,bone 3/6By a whale sharewith W. Aldrich. bone26# at 14/8. oyle 33/4: 2.8.0

1743 1 mo By his Newfoundlandvoyge with S:H: 52.17.4By oyl caught with R. Mitchel 9/2: bone3/6: 0.12.8By oyle caught with S. Folger in ye Spring 1743: 30.7.6

1743 11 mo By his part of a whale caughtwith JonathanCoffin Jr. ye boon 72/2: 3.12.2

IsaacTashame(brotherof John Tashame,Jr.) (pp. 113, 106, 110):

1744 7 mo By his sharecaughtwith ShubaelFolger at Bowbel: 48.14.31745 By a whale Sharecaughtwith Shubalfolger: 39.8.11746 By a whale sharecaughtwith Edward Starbuck:39.3.41747 By his whale sharecaughtwith Edward Starbuckat bobells: 52.09.91748 7 mo By his whale shareCaughtwith Ed. Starbuckis: 47.15.8

18

1749 By his whale shareCaughtwith Edward Starbuck is: 122.9.81750 By his half shearwith Edward Star.: 50.5.0

By his Sheareof Headmatterwent to Feladelfa:4.16.610 mo By his half SheareLast wintter with JonathanColman:5.14.6

1751 By his Shearewith E. Starbuck:31.3.61752 Oct By his 1/2 Share in Sloop Ann with Edwd Starbuck:97.12.01753 By his shearewith Edward Starbuck:3.17.81754 2 mo By his Shearewith E. StarbuckLast Spring: 3.13.5

2 mo By 2 pounds& 3 ouncesof Bone Caughtwith Eb. Coduda:0.5.81755 7 mo By his Shearwith Abisha Barnard: 26.18.111757 By his Shearwith ShubalPinckham: 18.15.6

By 10 poundLong Boon Caughtwith Job Moers last wintter: 10.0.0By his shearof boon with Shuball Pinckham:4.4.4By Tashamasshearwith JonathanMory: 8.13.9By his shearewith Benjamin Buncker: 75.11.7

Abram Towadde(pp. 69, 70, 124):

1732 By his prt of our whale voyagegot this Spring in ye Deep:19.07.101733 4 mo By his whale Sharein ye Deep:4.3.01734 5 mo By his whale sharegot in ye deepwith ShubaelFolger: 34.15.101735 6 mo By a whale sharegot in ye deep:12.1.01736 By a whale sharewith S:Folgerto Canso4.10.0,but in ye Spring 76/8: 8.7.01737 1 mo By a whale sharecaughtwith G:Swainelast Summer:3 bbls omitted

8 mo By a whale sharegot with SimeonBunker this Spring: 11.0.1011 mo By prt of whale got with Cromwel ye bone2#: 0.14.0

1738 By ye oy1 gott with Cromwell, 7 1/2 gils clear 25/, ye boo[n~at 7/: 1.7.3By whale got with NathanCoffin Spring voygeat bobell-By his wale Shalewith NathanCoffin in ye Spring: 7.10.0

1739 11 mo By his whale with Jos Colemanlast sumeris: 13.7.41741 6 mo A whale Sharein Paulsvessel:9.2.9

Joe Towaddy (pp. 66, 67, 115):

1735 3 mo By oyl got with JethroFolger in ye deep:4.18.08 mo By oyl & bonegot with ShubaelFolger at Canso,a whale share:46.7.7

1736 3 mo By his whale sharewth G:Swa[in): 9.15.911 mo By his part of whale is with JethroFolger Spring is: 8.2.6

1738 7 mo By a whale sharegot at Greenlandwith T:Crook last year omitted: 8.14.0By a sharegot with S:husseyat Newfoundlandthis year: 41.4.16 mo 24: To cash4/3 Sameday he arrived from Newfoundland with S:h got 85 bbs oylTo panjamesson for a wigwam & salt meet3.11.6

1739 11 mo By his whale with G:H 43/ Ditto with S:H Newfoundland25/: 27.3.111740 11 mo By his whale sharein the Hannah,Jo: Chasemaster:29.13.21741 3 mo By a whale sharegot with Z:B at Boebell, 14:14 & with S:F: 19.8.01742 11 mo By his whale sharecaught with S:Folgerat bobel this Summer:63.11.41755 By his Shearewith Tristram Swain: 74.10.2(Old tenor)1757 By his half shearewith ShubalPinckham:98.15.7

By Walle Boonewith S:P: 4.4.4

19

Isaac Wooso (p. 146):

1727 By his part of ye 4 barrils oyl got for towing last winter is 5 gils: 0.8.9By his Share got with Will Swaine 5.9.9, ditto with ditto 1728: 7.18.6

1728 By whale got along Shore 13 glls oyl & 1 pint. bone 3 1/4# at 60/ & 4/6: 2.01.91729 3 mo By oyl & bone got with Jethro Folger at bobel: 15.10.21730 By his part of a whale got at wewedah: 13 gIl oyl, 20 1/4 bone: 6.17.91731 By oyl & bone got with Smugg: at wewedah20.0.9. 1/6 overchargd:20.02.091732 By his prt of 3 sperms with Edward Bennet which is: 0.18.6

20

TABLE 2. CHRONOLOGICAL LIST OF CREDITS FOR WHALE PRODUCTSAND WHALESHARESOF NANTUCKET INDIANS, 1721-1758,FROM MARY STARBUCK’S ACCOUNT BOOKWITH THE INDIANS 1662-1768. Extracts from Table 1.

1721 Abel: By oyl & Bone: 1.10.00

1724 Abel:By 23 gall & 2 qts oyl with BatchelorH., bone6 1/2: 2.18.04

Abel: 12 mo 1 barril oyle & 14 glls; 10 l/4# of long bone got with M. Gen:5.l5.00ObedJaphet:By2 bbs & 14 gallons of oyl, at 55 pr bb : 6.15.03ObedJaphet:By 24# Long boneat 4/0 pr # & 6# Short at 3/0 : 5.14.00

1726 Tom Poney:Byoyl & bonegot with John Gardner& [?] short bone[?]: 2.16.07

Tom Poney:lO mo By 12# of bone& ... oyl got with J.Way [?]

JamesPock:by his whale with S:H in ye Spring one trip is: 6.07.00

JamesPock: Shareof Stapleswhale 15/9.IsaacWooso: part of ye 4 barrils oyi got for towing, winter, is 5 glls: 0.8.9

JamesPock’ssharewith Paul 6.14.41727 Tom Poney:Byhis whale sharegot with my son Paul S. this year: 14.18.00

Tom Poney:By12# bonegot with P:S & oyl 27 g oil: 5.13.03

IsaacWooso:By his Share got with Will Swaine 5.9.9

1728 IsaacWooso with Will Swaine 1728: 7.18.6

Abel:l mo by oyl & bone. ye bone18# stuntslbb 45/ with P:S: 5.08.09Tom Poney:Byoyl & bonegot with Paul, ye bone l2# stunts: 18.07.07

Samson:Bya whalesharegot with P:S at bobel 27/: 1.7.0

Name Missing:By a whale Share got with P:S at bobel: 1.07.01

Abel: 4 mo 13 by Vinyard whale 63/4: 3.06.04

Dimond: By a whale sharegot with Andrew Gardneror to be pd by E.G.: 3.17.06

Dimond: 9 mo By a whale sharegot with Elias Coffin to be pd pr E.G: 1.17.03

IsaacWooso: whale got along Shore 13 glls oyl & 1 pint. bone 3 l/4#: 2.01.9Tom Poney:4 mo By...his part of oyl in ye spring: 1.13.01Tom Poney:By...hiswhale sharealong shore,13 gil: 1.13.02ObedJaphet:ByDimon for toeing a whale in 1728 & for old ancor:0.13.00

1729 Name Missing:By a whale Sharegott with P:S at bobel: 09.16.04

Samson:bya whale sharegot with Paul Starbuck in ye Deep: 9.16.4Tom Poney:Byhis whale sharegot with Paul Starbuck in ye deep:9.16.4

21

Tom Poney: oyl & bonegot along shore 13 gIl, 1 l/2# bone:7.04.02Dimond: 5 mo whale share got along shore oyle 13 gll,l pint, bone 20Th 7.04.02.Obed Japhet,By oyl & bone got with Smuggalong shore:00.19.06

IsaacWooso:3 mo By oyl & bone got with JethroFolger at bobel: 15.10.2

Tom Poney:Byspermacetigot with Nathll Folger in 1729 on a trip not much: 0.0.0

1730 Tom Poney:l mo By prt of a Spermwhale got with NathIl Folger in 1730: 00.18.08

IsaacWooso: his part of a whale got at wewedah:13 gll oyl, 20 1/4 bone:6.17.9ObedJaphet:oyl & bonewith Smugg along Shore20 1/4# bone,oyl 13 gall: 7.13.00Tom Poney:Bywhale got with Smuggalong shore:00.00.00Tom Poney:Bymiscastinghis last winter’s whale: 0.9.4(1731) ObedJaphet:By his whale sharegot along shoarwith Smug: 20.00.09(1731) Tom Poney:Byhis whale Share got with Smugg along shoare:15.02.00(1731) IsaacWooso:By oyl & bonegot with Smugg: at wewedah20.0.9.1/6

Abel: by oyl & bone got with Tristramalong shoar in ye winter 1730: 2.17.00

Tom Poney:3 mo By his spring voygeof whale with Paul S. in ye deep:22.16.01Samson:Byhis whale voyge in ye deepwith Paul Starbuck:22.16.1Name Missing:3 mo By a whale Share got with PaulS: 12.00.8

1731 Josiah: By a whale share with Jonathan Pink, last Spring in ye deep: 2.2.2

Samson:lmo By part of a whale formerly yt went to ye bay. I hadwine: 0.2.10Tom Poney:his prt of somewhale yt went to ye bay: 0.01.9

Name Missing:4 mo By a whale Share got with Paul:S: 4.17.4Samson:Byhis whale sharegot with Paul in ye Deep:4.17.4Tom Poney:Byhis part of our whale voygewith Paul in ye Deep: 4.17:04

ObedJaphet:By2# short bonegot with Andrew Gardner1731 9 mo: 0.06.08

1732 IsaacWooso:By his prt of 3 spermswith Edward Bennetwhich is 0.18.6

Abram Towadde:Byhis prt of our whale voyagegot this Spring in ye Deep: 19.07.10Samson:4mo By his whale sharegot with Paul in ye Deep: 19.7.1Tom Poney:5mo By his part of our whale voygegot with Paul he staid: 14.14.11Name Missing:4 mo By a whale Sharegot with Paul Starbuck in ye deep:19.7.1

1733 Name Missing: 4 mo By his whale Sharegot at bobel: 8.16.8

Tom Poney:4 mo By his whale sharein ye deep:8.16.08Samson:4 mo By his whale share& Joesin ye Deep: 11.9.9Abram Towadde:4mo By his whale Sharein ye Deep: 4.3.0

Tom Poney:8 mo By 2# muslersbonegot at Cansowith ShubaelFolger at: 1.5.00Tom Poney: By his whale sharewith ShubalFolger at Canso:36.18.05(1734) EbenSmugg:8mo By 2 1/2 of muslersbonegot with S. Folger at Canso:1.5.0

22

(1734) EbenSmugg:l0mo By his sharegot with ShubaelFolger at Canso:36.18.5

1734 Tom Poney:Bya shareof whale got with John Russelnot reconed.:5.12.00

Abram Towadde:5mo By his whale sharegot in ye deepwith ShubaelFolger: 34.15.10Name Missing: 5 mo whale Sharegot with ShubaelFolger in ye deepor bobel: 39.9.0Tom Poney: 5 mo By his whale sharein ye deepwith ShubaelFolger: 23.12.00Samson:Bya whale share:3.13.0

1735 JoeTowaddy:3mo By oyl got with JethroFolger in ye deep:4.18.0Natt: 7 mo By a whale sharegot with JethroFolger in deep:10.3.0

Abel: By 1/2 bb oyl formerly got by lying on shoar:1.05.00

Tom Poney:4mo By a whale sharegot with JohnRussel in ye Deep: 10.05.09

NameMissing:5 mo By a whale sharegot with ShubaelFolger in ye deepis: 24.10.6Abram Towadde:6mo By a whale sharegot in ye deep:12.1.0

Tom Poney:ll mo awhale Sharewith S. Folger in ye Sumerat bobel: 3.00.09

Tom Poney:9 mo By a whale Share got with ShubaelFolger at Canso:46.07.07EbenSmugg:8mo By whale got with ShubaelFolger in ye 7 mo at Canso:46.7.7JoeTowaddy:8 mo oyl & bone got with ShubaelFolger at Canso,a whale share:46.7.7

1736 JoeTowaddy:3 mo By his whale sharewth G:Swa[in]: 9.15.9Abram Towadde:lmo By a whale sharecaughtwith G:Swain Summer:3 bbls

JoeTowaddy:ll mo By his part of whale with JethroFolger Spring is: 8.2.6Natt:By a smal matter got with JethroF. in ye Spring Spermacetieor whale: 3.0.0

Abram Towadde:Bya whale share with S:Folger to Canso but in Spring: 8.7.0Natt:By his part of Canco voyge, his fish: 11.18.0JohnTashame:lOmo his & sonswhale with S:Folger9.0.8; Canso:his 76/8: 12.17.04

Tom Poney:8 mo By a whale sharegot with J. Russel:12.17.07

John Tashame:l2 mo prt of whale Tristrams boat 2 bbls oyl & 6 l/4# bone: 12.03.09

1737 JohnTashame:lOmo his & sonspart Spring voyg with SimeonB. is: 36.06.08Natt:By his part of ye Spring voyagewith SimeonBunker: 18.3.4Abram Towadde:8mo By a whale sharegot with SimeonBunker this Spring: 11.0.10

Tom Poney:2mo By a shareof whale with Antony Solomon,bone:0.19.3(1739) Tom Poney: By oyl got with Anthony Solomonnot yet reconed:0.15.03

Abram Towadde:ll mo By prt of whale got with Cromwei ye bone2#: 0.14.0By ye oyl gott with Cromwell. 7 1/2 glls clear ye boo[n]: 1.7.3

JoeTowaddy:7 mo a whale shareat Greenlandwith t:Crook: 8.14.0Tom Poney:Byhis sharegot with Tho Crook norward: 8.14.00

23

JohnTashame:Bywhale got with Colemanlate in year: 1.08.03

1738 Abram Towadde:Bywhale got with NathanCoffin Spring voyge at bobell-Abram Towadde:Byhis wale Shale with NathanCoffin in ye Spring: 7.10.0Natt:By his part in ye Spring with NathanCoffin: 7.10.0JohnTashame:his& sonsSharsin ye Spring with NathanCoffin at bobel: 15.00.00

Tom Poney:Byhis whale sharewith JethroFolger in ye Spring: 6.08.06

Natt: By whale got with JethroFolger in ye summer:2.6.2

JoeTowaddy:Bya sharegot with S:husseyat Newfoundlandthis year: 41.4.1JoeTowaddy:By 70/ pr S:H: 3.10.0Tom Poney:Byhis Sharegot with S. HusseyNewfoundland:9.07.00Tom Poney:By 37/1 undercastin his Newfoundlandvoyge with S:H 1738: 1.17.01JohnTashame:ByJohnsSharewith S:h at Newfoundland: 11.4.1JohnTashame:lmo By...bone 1.4.6, more oyl 4g: 3.00.00

1739 JoeTowaddy: whale with S:H Newfoundland25/: 27.3.11

Joe Towaddy:ll mo whale with G:H 43/

JohnTashame:llmo By his whale with Jos Colemanis 10.13.07.& his son John’sis: 16.16.10

Tom Poney:8 mo By his whale with Jos Col.: 16.16.10Natt: 7 mo By a whale sharewith Jos Coleman:3.8.9Abram Towadde:ll mo By his whale with Jos Colemanlast summeris: 13.7.4

1740 Tom Poney:7mo By a Sharewith Z:Bunker: 2.19.6

Tom Poney:ll mo By his Shareof whale with S:F last Spring is: 24.18.06JohnTashame:llmo By his whale Sharewith ShubaelFolger last Spring: 21.5.0

JoeTowaddy:ll mo By his whale sharein the Hannah,Jo: Chasemaster:29.13.2

1741 JoeTowaddy:3 mo By a whale sharegot with Z:B at Boebell, 14:14

Joe Towaddy3mo with S:F 19.8.0John Tashame,jr:l 1 mo By his Sharecaughtwith ShubaelFolger: 22.16.8JohnTashame,jr: By his oyi got in Sloop annwith S:F.: 1.10.0JohnTashame:llmo whale Sharewith ShubaelFolger in Sloop ann:28.16.7Tom Poney:11 mo By his whale sharewith ShubaelFolger: 23.18.02

Abram Towadde:6 mo A whale Sharein Paulsvessel:9.2.9

JohnTashameJr: 10 mo newfondlandvoyge caughtwith S. Husseycomes to: 34.0.0

1742 JohnTashameJr: 10 mo By thy Sharewith Simion Bunker: 58.3.0

JohnTashameJr: By a whale Sharewith JonathanMycah in R. Mitchel’s bote

(1743) JohnTashameJr: By oyl caught with R. Mitchel 9/2: bone3/6: 0.12.8

24

John TashameJr:whale sharewith W. Aldrich. bone26#. oyle 33/4: 2.8.0

John Tashame:2mo By his & Isaacswhale with Shu Fol.: 135.6.10Tom Poney:1l mo By his whale voyge with ShubaelFolger: 65.15.02JoeTowaddy:Il mo whale sharewith S:Folgerat bobel this Summer:63.11.4

Tom Poney:Bya sharecaughtwith G:H this fall: 10.02.02

1743 JohnTashame:11 mo ShareCaughtwith ShubaelFolger 69.9.3& Isaacye Same: 69.9.3

JohnTashameJr:By oyle caughtwith S. Folger in ye Spring1743: 30.7.6Tom Poney:Bya sharewith ye Hannah00.00.00Josiah:By what he got ye trip before he was lost is 28/3: 1.8.3

JohnTashameJr:l mo By his Newfoundlandvoygewith S:H: 52.17.4

John TashameJr:ll mo whale with JonathanCoffin Jr. ye boon 72/2: 3.12.2

1744 IsaacTashame:Byhis sharecaughtwith ShubaelFolger at Bowbel: 48.14.3

1745 Tom Poney:a whale sharewith ShubaelFolger this summerpastTom Poney:a whale sharewith ShubaelFolger: 40.3.2IsaacTashame:awhale sharewith ShubaelFolger: 39.8.1

1746 Tom Poney:a whale sharewith Edward Starbuck:30.00.09IsaacTashame:a whale sharewith Edward Starbuck:39.3.4

1747 IsaacTashame:awhale sharewith Edward Starbuckat bobells:52.09.9Tom Poney:a whale sharewith Edward Starbuck:55.00.05

Tom Poney:By thy Newfoundlandvoygewith S. H[ussey]: 5.00.00.(1748) Tom Poney:Bymore of his Newfoundlandvoyagewith S. H[ussey]:7.00.00

1748 IsaacTashame:a whale sharewith Edward Starbuck:47.15.8Tom Poney:7 mo a whale sharewith Edward Starbuck:47.15.8

1749 IsaacTashame:a whale sharewith Edward Starbuck:122.9.8Tom Poney:a whale sharewith Edward StarbuckLast Spring: 122.09.08

1750 Tom Poney: a half sharewith Edward StarbuckLast Spring: 50.05.00IsaacTashame:a half sharewith Edward Starbuck:50.5.0Tom Poney:Byhis Sheareof headmatter that went to Felladelfa: 4.16.6Isaac Tashame:Byhis Sheareof Head matter went to Feladelfa:4.16.6

IsaacTashame:10mo a half Sharewith JonathanColemanlast winter: 5.14.6

Tom Poney:a sharewith Francis Swain one trip: 8.11.6

1751 Isaac Tashame: a share with Edward Starbuck: 31.3.6Tom Poney:a sharewith Edward Starbuck:31.3.6

25

Tom Poney:Oct.9 a sharewith Edward Starbuck:97.12.10

(1752) Isaac Tashame:2 mo a 1/2 Share in Sloop Ann with Edwd Starbuck: 97.12.0

1752 Tom Poney:a sharewith PeterCoffin onetrip: 0.19.04

1753 IsaacTashame:a sharewith Edward Starbuck:3.17.8Tom Poney:a 1/2 shearwith Edward Starbuck:3.03.09EdmundJones(negro): a half sharewith Edward Starbuck: 15.3.5EdmundJones:Cariliner Bone 2 pound 1/2: 2.6.6Edmund Jones: By one pound & a half of Short Bone: 1.13.9

1754 Tom Poney:a sharewith Edward Starbucklast Spring: 2.02.06

IsaacTashame:a sharewith Edward Starbuck Last Spring: 3.13.5

Tom Poney:a sharewith T. Masy at the land: 5.7.7

IsaacTashame:2m2 pounds& 3 ouncesof Bone with Eb. Coduda:0.5.8

1755 IsaacTashame:7mo a sharewith Abisha Barnard:26.18.11

Tom Poney:a half sharewith ShubalPinckham:96.02.07(1757) Tom Poney:Bya omissionof his half shearwith ShubalPinckham:2.13.01(1757) Tom Poney:a shareof whalebonewith ShubalPinckham:4.4.9(1757) JoeTowaddy: a half sharewith ShubalPinckham:98.15.7(1757) JoeTowaddy:ByWalle Boone with ShubalPinckham:4.4.4(1757) IsaacTashame:ashareof bonewith ShubaelPinckham:4.4.4(1757) IsaacTashame:a sharewith ShubalPinckham:18.15.6

Tom Poney:a half sharewith JeamsCoffin: 96.15.00

JoeTowaddy:a sharewith Tristram Swain: 74.10.2(Old tenor)

Edmund Jones:a sharewith Benjamin Buncker: 1.13.91756 (1757) Tom Poney:Byhis sharewith Benjamin Buncker last Spring: 75.11.7

(1757) IsaacTashame:a sharewith Benjamin Buncker: 75.11.7

1757 IsaacTashame:By10 pound Long Boon Caughtwith Job Moers last winter: 10.0.0

IsaacTashame:asharewith JonathanMory: 8.13.9

1758 Tom Poney:a sharewith BenjaminBarny: 27.15.00

[Note: money value changesduring this period; calendaralso changes:in the first half ofthe 18th century the first day of theyear is aboutMarch 25, andMarch is first month]

26

TABLE 3. CHRONOLOGICAL LIST OF THE MAXIMUM NUMBER OF WHALES CAUGHT BYINDIANS IN STARBUCK’S ACCOUNT BOOK (1683-1768).

I havecollapsedaccountentriesinto as few whales as consistentwith the data, so theremay be more than onewhale involved in a given entry. Indian namesin parenthesesaregiven in full only upon their first appearance.Some spellinghasbeenstandardized.

1721 1 Whale (baleen)(Ben Abel)1724 1 Whale (baleen)(Abel) with Batchelor H. [Hussey]

1 Whale (baleen) (Abel) with M. Gen.1726 1 Whale (baleen)(Tom Poney) with JohnGardner

1 Whale (baleen)(Poney)with J. Way1 Whale (JamesPock) with S.H. [probably SylvanusHussey],Spring (trip)1 Whale (Pock, IsaacWooso) with Staples,probably along-shoreright (Little 1981)

1727 1 Whale (Wooso) with Will Swaine1 Whale (baleen)(Pock, Poney)with Paul Starbuck

1728 1 Whale (Wooso)with Will Swaine1 Whale (baleen) (Abel, Poney) stunts,with Paul StarbuckI Whale (Samson,Missing) with P. S. [Paul Starbuck]at Bowbell1 Whale (Abel) Vinyard, Along-Shore1 Whale (Dimond) with Andrew GardnerI Whale (Dimond) with Elias Coffin1 Right whale (Poney,Wooso,ObedJaphet/Dimond)along-shore

1729 1 Whale (Samson,Poney) with Paul Starbuckin ye deep1 Right whale (Poney,Wooso,Dimond, Japhet)with Smugg[Indian] along-shore,winter1 Whale (baleen)(Wooso)with JethroFolger at Bowbell1 Spermwhale (Poney)with NathanielFolger (trip)1 Whale (Missing) with P. S. [Paul Starbuck]at Bowbell

1730 1 Spermwhale (Poney)with NathanielFolger1 Whale (Poney,Samson,Missing) with Paul Starbuckin ye deep1 Right Whale (Abel) with Tristram along-shore,winter

1731 1 Whale (Josiah)with JonathanPink[ham] in ye deep,spring1 Whale (Samson,Poney) “yt went to the bay”1 Whale (Missing, Samson,Poney) with Paul Starbuckin ye deep1 Whale (baleen)(Japhet)with Andrew Gardner

1732 3 Spermwhales (Wooso)with Edward BennetI Whale (Abram Towadde,Samson,Poney, Missing) with Paul Starbuck,ye deep,spring

1733 1 Whale (Poney,Samson,Joe [Towaddy?],Towadde)in ye deep1 Whale (Missing) at Bowbell1 Whale (Poney,EbenSmugg)with ShubaelFolgerat Canso

1734 1 Whale (Poney)with JohnRussel1 Whale (Poney,Towadde,Missing) with ShubaelFolger, in ye deepor Bowbell

1735 1 Whale (JoeTowaddy,Natt) with JethroFolger in ye deep1 Whale (Abel) formerly got, along shore1 Whale (Poney)with JohnRussel,ye deep1 Whale (Missing, Towadde)with ShubaelFolger in ye deep1 Whale (Poney)with ShubaelFolger at Bowbell, summer1 Whale (baleen) (Poney,Smugg,Towaddy) with ShubaelFolger at Canso,September

1736 1 Whale (Towaddy,Towadde)with G. Swain, summer1 Spermwhale (Towaddy, Natt) with JethroFolger, spring1 Whale (Towadde,Natt, John& John Jr. Tashame)with ShubaelFolger at Canso,spring1 whale (Poney)with J. Russel

27

I Whale (baleen) (J. Tashame)of Tristram’s boat,Along-Shore1737 1 Whale (J. & Jjr. Tashame,Natt, Towadde)with SimeonB[unker], spring voyage

I Whale (baleen)(Poney)with Antony Solomon1 Whale (baleen)(Towadde)with Cromwell1 Whale (Poney,Towaddy) with ThomasCrook at Greenland1 Whale (J. Tashame)with Coleman

1738 1 Whale (Towadde,Natt, J. & Jjr. Tashame)with NathanCoffin at Bowbell, spring1 Whale (Poney)with JethroFolger, spring1 Whale (Natt) with JethroFolger, summer1 Whale (Poney,Jjr. Tashame,Towaddy) with S. Husseyat Newfoundland,summer

1739 1 Whale (Towaddy)with G. H.1 Whale (J. & Jjr. Tashame,Poney,Natt, Towadde)with Jos Coleman,summer

1740 1 Whale (Poney)with Z. Bunker1 Whale (Poney,J. Tashame)with ShubaelFolger, spring1 Whale (Towaddy) with Jo. Chase,master,in the HANNAH

1741 1 Whale (Towaddy) with Z. B. at Bowbell1 Whale (Towaddy,J. & Jjr. Tashame,Poney)with ShubaelFolger in Sloop ANN1 Whale (Towadde)with Paul (Starbuck)1 Whale (Jjr. Tashame)with S. Husseyat Newfoundland

1742 1 Whale (Jjr. Tashame)with Simion Bunker1 Whale (baleen)(Jjr. Tashame)with JonathanMycah [Indian] in R. Mitchel’s boat1 Whale (baleen) (Jjr. Tashame)with W. Aldrich1 Whale (J. & IsaacTashame,Poney,Towaddy) with ShubaelFolger, at Bowbell, summer1 Whale (Poney)with G. H. [GeorgeHussey],fall

1743 1 Whale (J., Jjr., I. Tashame)with ShubaelFolger, spring1 Whale (Jjr. Tashame)with S. H. [Hussey], at Newfoundland1 Whale (baleen) (Jjr. Tashame)with JonathanCoffin, Jr.

1744 1 Whale (I. Tashame)with ShubaelFolgerat Bowbell1745 1 Whale (Poney,I. Tashame)with ShubaelFolger, summer1746 1 Whale (Poney,I. Tashame)with Edward Starbuck1747 1 Whale (Poney,I. Tashame)with Edward Starbuckat Bowbells

1 Whale (Poney)with S. H. [Hussey]at Newfoundland1748 1 Whale (Poney,I. Tashame)with Edward Starbuck1749 1 Whale (Poney,I. Tashame)with Edward Starbuck,spring1750 1 Spermwhale (Poney,I. Tashame)with Edward Starbuck,spring, went to Philadelphia

1 Whale (I. Tashame)with JonathanColeman,winter1 Whale (Poney)with Francis Swain (trip)

1751 2 Whales(Poney,I. Tashame)with Edward Starbuck,Sloop ANN1752 1 Whale (Poney)with PeterCoffin (trip)1753 1 Whale (baleen) (Poney,I. Tashame,EdmundJones)with Edward Starbuck,Carolina1754 1 Whale (Poney,I. Tashame)with Edward Starbuck,spring

1 Whale (Poney)with T. Macy at Newfoundland1 Right Whale (I. Tashame)with Eb. Coduda[Indian], along-shore

1755 1 Whale (I. Tashame)with Abisha Barnard1 Whale (Poney)with JamesCoffin1 Whale (Towaddy)with Tristram SwainI Whale (baleen)(Towaddy,Poney,I. Tashame)with ShubalPinkham

1756 1 Whale (Jones,Poney,I. Tashame)with Benjamin Bunker, spring1757 1 Whale (baleen) (I. Tashame)with Job Moers,winter

1 Whale (I. Tashame)with JonathanMory1758 1 Whale (Poney)with BenjaminBarney

28

TABLE 4. CREDIT HISTORIES FOR INDIAN WHALERS IN STARBUCK’S ACCOUNT BOOK.

NAME (page)& DATE:TOTAL DEBITS: CREDITS: BALANCE OWED STARBUCK:

ABEL (17R)1718-1735: -80.13.3 + 6.16.3

+36.16.11Debits (l7L) missing,balanceunknown

DIAMOND (138)1728,9 -37.13.11died 1731 -22.03.0

JAPHET (36,37)1724 -29.1.11725 -24.6.41726-1729 -59.8.31730 -55.10.91731 -43.3.31735JONES (127)

1753-1755

JOSIAH (62)

-81.18.0 + 23.1.9 = -58.16.3

“NAME MISSING” (l45R)

NATT (126)1734

1743

JAMES POCK (123, l4lL)1712-1727 -14.0.5

-7 1.0.1-78.8.9-93.14.11-50.16.7

Credits (141R)

-65.16.7= -23.16.3

trip before he was lost: 1.8.3”Balance,paid by Tristram Starbuck

+ 2.14.6 =-ll.5.11+ 20.5.7 = -50.14.6+ (32.13.9)= -45.15.0+ (46.8.10)= -47.6.1+ (25.13.5)= -25.3.2

missing,havebeenreconstructed(in paren.)

+

+

+ 12,14.0 = -16.7.1+ 15.11.6+ 11.13.11+ 20.0 9+ 0.16.6

19.03.11 = -18.10.019.03.9 = -3.16.6 to accountof widow, andMica Apata

= -8.14.1= -47.14.4

= -35.10.0= -42.6.9Balancetransferredto Paul Starbuck account

17311731-341743

-72.2.6 + 48.6.3“By what he got ye

1728-30 + 32.12.91731 + 28.15.217331734,35

+ 58.11.5+ 30.16.0

Debits (145L) missing, Balanceunknown

-57.18.0 + 12.3.6. = -45.0.6-69.3.0 + 34.16.10 = -34.6.2-ca. 83 + 44.16.9 = -ca. 39

1727173017361738

29

TOM PONEY (35,9,55,56,37,23,26,109,112,116)1724 “Pd ye Constablefor his redemptionout of prison: 2.9.2”-27 -29.13.5 + 18.7.7 = -1 1.15.10

1728 -50.7.11 + 30.1.9 = -20.6.21729-30 -52.16.1 + 33.10.6 = -18.19.7

1731 -65.17.2 + 24.4.7 = -41.12.71732-33 -65.4.6 + 24.08.0 = -40.16.6

1734 -75.1.7 + 72.14.3 = -2.7.41735 -75.12.0 + 65.9.2 = -10.2.61736-37 -48.18.7 + 19.1.6 = -29.17.1

1738-39 -58.1.10 + 31.8.10 = -26.12.0

1740-41 -76.9.7 + 48.17.2 = -27.12.5

1742 -72.14.5 + 23.18.2 = -50.15.81743 -90.6.6 + 81.0.8 = -9.5.8 “Then I pay Trustees17.0.0 in cashfor Tom1744 -30.6.5 Pony. I hadhim sett over to me 2 & 1/4 year1745 -73.15.8 + 40.17.2 = -32.18.6 servisewhich he hathperformed1745”.1746 -67.14.0 + 32.5.9 = -35.8.01747 -87.11.1 + 62.11.1 = -25.0.01748 -54.0.3 + 54.15.8 = +0.15.5 “it is a mistake”1749 -168.1.10 + 122.9.8 = -45.12.21750

-51-52 -197.18.6 + 197.18.6 = -1.18.0

1753-54 -13.19.8 + 6.9.4 = -9.10.4

1755-56-57-58 OT -432.18.11 + 411.16.7 = -(21.2.4)

Total: 35 years:+1402.5.11= about 40 poundssterling a year

SAMSON (68)1728 -12.2.111730 -46.14.7 + 35.5.6 = -11.9.11735 -100.2.1 + 82.19.0 = -17.3.11738-40 - 51.13.12 + 32.17.0 = -18.16.1

SMUG (19)1731 -59.12.91731 -79.13.6 + 40.8.8 = -39.4.101735 -70.4.7 + 46.9.7 = -23.15.01736 Estateappraisedandsold for 8.10.81737 -29.11.10 + 8.10.8 - “prison fees” = -28.18.11

JOHN TASHAME (120, 113) (FINAL YEARS)1741 -51.14.0 + 33.5.3 = -17.16.11742 (-167.4.7) + 136.3.11 = -31.0.8

30

1744 -218.6.6 + 149.19.7 = -68.6.21744 paid jury andcoroner, carried to p. 113, son IsaacTashame’saccount1745 JohnTashame,Jr, creditedto brotherIsaac’sacct: 43.7.8

JOHN1742174317431744

TASHAME, JR (122)-23.17.8 +

-105.4.5 +

-75.13.10 +

-54.18.10 +

59.6.8 = ÷35.9.1096.14.3 = - 8.10.084.0.6 = + 8.6.88.6.8 + 43 cash= + 3.12.2

172817291730173117321743

+33.5.3+ 136.3.11 = -31.0.8+ 149.18.7 = -70.5.1 + 43 credit of John Jr+ 94.3.3 = -16.10.5+ 46.15.10= -35.11.9+ 40.4.10 = -17.10.25+ 54.12.9 = -49.14.3+ 55.18.5 = -65.7.6+ 124.0.10 = -76.0.8

“to sundriesat SilvanusHussey’sshop”

-74.1.3-87.4.11-57.16.4-53.12.11-34.6.6

(FINAL YEARS)+ 26.1.5 = -56.13.5+ 53.0.6 = -35.4.8

ISAAC TASHAME (120, 113, 106, 110, 111)

1742 + John1743 + John -218.6.01744 -110.6.81745 -82.7.71746 -57.5.51747 -101.3.101748 -121.5.111749 -200.1.6

1750-51

17521753-54

1755

-197.8.2-173.12.6

+ 102.12.1+ 173.12.6

=

=

-94.16.1-10.2.9

-13.11.10 + 4.11.5 = -9.0.5

-56-57

175817591760

-224.13.10Balance:a

-37.10.9

+ 262.4.7 =

credit, which he+37.10.9

took in cash,sundries,

0

and two dresses.

174117421742

ABRAM TOWADDE (124)1740 -82.14.1

-88.5.2-39.2.0 + 5.5.0 = -33.17.0

-35.15.0Balancediscountedby Tristram Starbuck

J. TOWADDY (115) (FINAL YEARS)1755 -135.18.8 + 182.0.1 = +46.1.51757 -ca. 143 + 46.1.5 = ca.-97

WOOSO (146)-48.2.8

+ 26.13.2 = -47.8.6+ 40.14.10= -46.10.1+ 26.14.1 ~-36.14.ll+ 24.17.0 = -28.15.11+ 19.12.8 = -14.13.10

31

32

TABLE 5. CREDIT BALANCES FOR ENGLISHMEN AND INDIANS IN HUSSEY’S ACCOUNT

BOOK (1724-1734).

NAME: Credit Balance(poundsSterling):

Englishmen:JohnColeman -6.19.3BenjaminRussell -22.5.4ZacheryBunker -24.11.6Andrew Newell -26.5.0JethroGardner -83.19.1Daniel Russell -219.8.1JonathanPinkham +2.2.9John Macy -236.18.4GeorgeHussey -491.8.9Batcheller Hussey -284.4.7IsaacMyrick -172.1.3NathanielPaddack -128.5.5JonathanMoers +16.10.6PeterFitch -71.12.7Nathan Folger -42.0.5

Indians:Wamon 0JoshuaMamug -1.7.1Codudey -12.5.3SamHumphrey -0.6.2Abel Shortchin -47.13.9GrateJohn +0.12.0Cain Haggi -6.19.3Jo Aron -58.12.8

33

34

TABLE 6. BOAT AND SLOOPCAPTAINS FROM STARBUCK’S ACCOUNT BOOK.

1724 BatchelorH[ussey]M. Gen.

1726 John GardnerJ. WayS. H[ussey],springStaples(boat), winter, along-shore

1727 Will SwainPaul Starbuck

1728 Will SwainPaul StarbuckPaul Starbuck,BowbellAndrew GardnerElias Coffin

1729 Paul Starbuck,BowbellSmugg(boat), along-shoreJethroFolger, BowbellNathaniel Folger, a tripPaul Starbuck,ye deep

1730 NathanielFolgerPaul Starbuck,ye deepTristram (boat), winter, along-shore

1731 JonathanPinkham,spring, ye deepPaul Starbuck,ye deepAndrew Gardner

1732 Edward BennetPaul Starbuck,spring, ye deep

1733 ShubaelFolger, Canso1734 JohnRussel

ShubaelFolger, ye deepor Bowbeil1735 JethroFolger, ye deep.

JohnRussel,ye deepShubaelFolger, ye deepShubaelFolger, summer,BowbellShubaelFolger, Canso

1736 G. Swain, summerJethroFolger, springShubaelFolger, spring, CansoJ. RusselTristram (boat), along-shore

1737 Simeon Bunker, springAntony SolomonCromwellThomasCrook, GreenlandColeman

1738 NathanCoffin, spring, BowbellJethroFolger, springJethroFolger, summerS. Hussey,Newfoundland

1739 G. H.

Jos.Coleman,summer1740 Z. Bunker

ShubaelFolger, springJos.Chase,sloopHANNAH

1741 Z.B., BowbellShubaelFolger, sloopANNPaul StarbuckS. Hussey,Newfoundland

1742 Simion BunkerJona.Micah, R. Mitchell (boat)William AldrichShubaelFolger, summer,BowbellG.H., fall

1743 ShubaelFolger,springS.H., NewfoundlandJonathanCoffin, Jr.

1744 ShubaelFolger, Bowbell1745 ShubaelFolger, summer1746 Edward Starbuck1747 Edward Starbuck,Bowbell

S. H., Newfoundland1748 Edward Starbuck1749 Edward Starbuck,spring1750 Edward Starbuck,spring

JonathanColeman,winterFrancis Swain

1751 Edward Starbuck,sloopANN1752 PeterCoffin1753 Edward Starbuck,Carolina1754 Edward Starbuck,spring

T. Macy, NewfoundlandEb. Coduda(boat), along-shore

1755 Abisha BarnardJamesCoffinTristram SwainShubalPinkham

1756 BenjaminBunker, spring1757 Job Moers, winter

JonathanMory1758 Benjamin Barney

35