Dr. Sara DiazWGST 202: Gender, Difference, and PowerGonzaga University

Globalization and Immigration

Push-Pull FactorsPush Factors Pull Factors

Economic Globalization has created economic voids as a result of diminished local economies

The presence of industrial zones including agriculture, service work, natural resource extraction

Political Wars, ethnic conflicts, political instability and political persecution

Political tolerance (or the perception of it)

Environmental Both globalization and militarism cause environmental devastation. Global climate change is increasing the frequency and magnitude of weather related natural disasters.

Stable, temperate, resource rich environments with low levels of pollution

Remittances USD 2010/2011Remittances US Aid % of GDP

Mexico 23.5 Billion 5.6 Billion 2%Philippines 22.8 Billion 122.7 Million 10.3%India 63 Billion 5.4 Billion 3.4%China 61.4 Billion 1.1 Billion 0.6%

Feminization of Migration

• Increasing number of women who, because of low-wage and dangerous work in their home countries migrate to other nations in search of employment.• Women workers send "remittances" back to

family.• Philippines-export women to work as essentially

indentured servants, the women send money back, and their families can use that money in the local economy.

Remittances → Care Crisis

• Remember: Choices vs Options• “The labor of women from poorer nations

‘serves as the infrastructure on which First World economic expansion depends.’”• Who cares for upper middle class women’s

children while they pursue their careers?• Parreñas – Care Crisis• History Philippine Occupation/Colonization• Restructuring of family formations• Effects?

Patel – Shilling Love

• How is Patel’s experience a legacy of “empire”? Of migration?• How could we use Hartman & Barajas-

Roman’s definitions of environmental/reproduction justice to understand the experiences Patel outlines in her poem?• Connections to the bell hooks piece?

Response Question

What is the relationship between globalization and immigration?

Globalization Everyday• Option A:• Pick an item you have with you. Where did it come from? Whose

hands have touched it? What exploitations are embedded in it? IMAGINE. How could you resist or undermine those exploitations.

• Write a poem, collectively, about how we can resist the exploitation embedded in the products we consume.

• Option B:• Identify the forces of globalization on our campus. Where does

Gonzaga fit in the system of global capital? What resources do we take for granted here that might be causing human and environmental suffering elsewhere? How does it make you feel?

• Write a poem, collectively, about the impact of Gonzaga’s global economic/environmental footprint, designed to encourage action on the part of your classmates.